Page no 1 Q. 01 what is computer?

Definition of Computer
A computer an electronic device that process data converting into information that is useful to people. Any computer regardless of its type is controlled by programmed instructions which give the machine a purpose and tell it what to do

Q.02 what are the components of a computer? Ans. Computer has four main parts.
(1) (2) (3) (4) Hardware Software Data User

(1) Hardware: is the electric, electronic and mechanical Equipment that makes up a
computer

For Example: Motherboard, Hard disk, processor, Monitor, Floppy drive, CD-Rom,
Etc

(2) Software: or programs, consists of the step-by-step instructions that tell the
computer how to perform at ask

For Example: Windows, Ms Office, Photoshop, Jet audio, Etc (3) Data: consists of the raw facts and figures that processed into information (4) User: user operation the computer and tell to computer what to do. User is the
important part of computer

Q.03 List four types of computers that are designed for use by Organization, and are commonly used by multiple people at the same time describe in detail? Computers for Organizations: We have four types computer to Organizations
(1) (2) (3) (4) Network Server Mini Computer Main Frames Super Computer

Page no 2 Network Server: Centralized computer all other computers connect provides access to
network resources multiple server are called server farms often simply a powerful desktop

(2) Mini Computer: Called midrange computers power between mainframe and desktop Handle hundreds of users used in smaller Organizations users access through a terminal (3) Main Frames: used in large Organizations handle thousands of users access through a Terminal (4) Super Computer: The most powerful computer handle large and complex calculations process trillions of operations per second found in research Organizations

Q. no 04 List six types of computer that are designed for use single user or person with explanation? Kind of Single (PCs) Users
Most computer are meant to be used by only one person at a time such computer are often shared by several people such are those in your schools computer (Lab) but only one user/person can work with the machine at any given moment. There are six primary types of computer in this categories are. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) desktop computer Workstation computer Note book computer Tablet computer Handheld computer Smart phone

Explanation:
(1) Desktop computer: the most common type of personal computer is the desktop computer-a PC that us designed to sit on (or under) a desk or table. These are the systems you see all around you in school, home and offices, (2) Workstations: A workstation is a specialized single- user computer that typically has more power and features than standard desktop PC. These machine are popular among scientists, engineers, and animators

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(3) Note Book computer: Are fully functional Note book computer micro computer, the people who use them need the power of a full-size desktop computer (4) Tablet Computer: the tablet PC is the newest development in portable full featured computers. Tablet PCs offer all the functionality of a Note book PCs, but they are lighter and can accept input from a special (PEN) called a stylus or a digital (PEN) (5) Handheld PCs: Handheld personal computer is computing devices small enough to fit in your hand. A popular type of handheld computer id the personal digital assistant (PDA) (6) Smart phones: some cellular phones double as miniature PCs. Because these phones offer advanced features not typically found in cellular phones, they are sometimes called (Smart phones)

Q. no 05 what is information processing cycle? The Information processing cycle: the information processing cycle has four
parts, and each part involves one or more specific components of the computer.

Input: during this part of the cycle the computer accepts data from some source, such as
the user or a Program, for processing.

Processing: during this part of the cycle the computers, processing components perform
actions on the data, based on instructions from the user or a program

Output: Here, the computer may be required to display the results of its processing. For
example, the results may appear as text m, numbers or graphic on the computers screen or as sounds from its speakers

Storage: The computer permanently stores the results of its processing on a disk, tape or
some other kind of storage medium

Q. no 6 what is volatile and non-volatile memory? Ram: for random access memory is memory that temporarily holds data and instructions
that will be needed shortly by the CPU

Volatile Memory:
(1) required power to hold data

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(2) random access memory (3) Data in ram has an address (4) CPU read

Non-Volatile Memory:
(1) (2) (3) (4) Camera USB key chain Hold data when power is off Basic input output systems (Bios)

Rom: read only memory refers to memory chips store data that only can be read. The data on Rom chip can not be notified- hence the name read only Rom is a Nonvolatile memory. It contents are not lost when power is removed from the computer Q. no 07 what is input and output devices? Input and output devices: Input devices: we have many types of input devices in computer such as, Keyboard, Hard
disk, Microphone, Digital camera, Mouse, Scanner those devices give us input by instruction

Output: there are some output devices

(1) Printer (2) Monitor (3) Note book computer (4) Handheld computer (5) Smart Phone (6) speakers (7) Headset (8) Projectors

Q. no 08 what is magnetic and optical storage define in detail? Magnetic Storage: there are many types of computer storage, but the most common is
magnetic disk are almost always used inside a case of some kind, so you can not see the disk it self unless you open the cases. Such as VCR Tape Etc

Optical Storage: the CD-Rom drive is the most common type of optical storage device
there are may types of optical disk i.e. WORM Disk, Erasable Disk, Optical Disk, CD writer Disk, or DVD

Q. no 8 what is system software and application software describe with example?

Page no 5 System Software: System software is any program that contact the computer Hardware
or that can be used to maintain the computer in some way so that it runs more efficiently. There are three types of system Software (1) Operating Software (2) Network Software (3) Utility Program Software

Application Software: Application Software tell the computer how to accomplish

specific task, such as word processing or drawing, i.e. Ms office, Jet audio, Yahoo messenger, and Etc.

KEY TERMS QUIZ 1. The System Units is the case tat holds the computers critical component. 2. A (n) Work Station is a specialized single user computer that typically ha more power than a standard PC. 3. When not is use a use a (n) Laptop computer folds up for easy storage 4. A tablet PC lets you use a (n) Digital Pen to tap or write directly on the screen 5. A popular type of hand held computer is the PDA networks. 6. A (n) Network Server is usually a powerful personal computer that functions as the primary computer in a network 7. In a traditional mainframe environment each user accesses the mainframe through a device called a (n) Terminal. 8. A terminal is an example of a (n) I/O device. 9. The capabilities of a (n) Mini Computer are somewhere between mainframe and personal computer. 10. Super Computer are the most powerful computer MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A computer convert data in to this. Ans. Information 2. The earliest computer were Analog system. 3. Most computers are meant to be used by only one Person at a time. 4. Personal computer are also called Micro Computer.

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5. Many scientist engineers and animators use specialized computer called Work Station. 6. Notebook PCs fall into a category of devices called Mobile Computer. 7. Some note book system can be plugged in to one of these devices which gives the computer additional features Ans. Docking Station. 8. Some tablet Pcs can be connected to a keyboard and a full size Monitor. 9. Network server are sometimes set up in groups that may be called Clusters or server farms. 10. A(n) Intelligent terminal can perform some processing operations. KEY TERMS QUIZ 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. A complete Computer refers to the combination of hardware software data and A (n)Disk Drive is a device tat hold a disk. The generic term device refers a piece of hardware. Data and program instructions are temporarily held in RAM while the processor The Computers Hardware includes four stages input processing output and One Mega Bytes is roughly equivalent to one million bytes data. Operating system fall into the category of System software. In a magnetic disk drive a special device called the Read, Write Heads reads

people..

is using them. storage.

data from writes data to a disk. MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. 2. Which of the following devices stores instructions that help the computer start up? A Communication Device can perform both input and output functions.

Ans. ROM

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3. Which types of software would you use to make the computer perform a specific task, such as writing a letter or drawing a picture. Ans. Application Software 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Ans. Which of the following units represent the largest amount of data? You can use this output device when you need only to see information. Generally a Hard Disk can not be removed from the computer. A file that the user can open and us is called a Document.. Which type of disk can store up to 17 gigabytes of data? Which type of software is used for creating slide shows? Ans. Terabytes Ans. Monitor

Ans. Digital Video Disk