AONLA UNIT

Maintenance-Electrical
Question Paper for Oman Trainees
BASICS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

(Based on Ch. 1.1 to 1.5)

TIME: 02 HOURS MAX. MARKS: 100

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS: i. Attempt all questions ii. Write your answers in the space provided. Use extra sheet if necessary. iii. Figure to the right in bracket indicates mark iv. Assume suitable data if necessary Q.1 Ans.1 Define molecules, atom, element & compound. (05)

All matters whether solid, liquid or gaseous are made of small particles called molecules. These molecules are made up of still minute particular called atoms. Substances whose molecules consist of similar atoms are known as elements and those molecules consists of dis-similar atoms are called compounds. e.g: Molecules: (i) Element Ca, Cl, Na etc. (Similar atom) (ii) Compound MgCl, NaCl etc. (dissimilar atom) Define structure of atom. Also define atomic mass & atomic number.(05) Atom consists of small particles called electron, Proton and neutron. Electron is negatively charge and proton is positively charge particle, whereas neutron is electrically neutral. Atoms central core known as nucleus contains proton and neutron. Atoms will have the same number of Electrons in the orbit as there are Protons in the center. It is called ATOMIC NUMBER. Number of proton and neutron is know as ATOMIC MASS of atom are concentrated on its nucleus. Electrons are distributed in outer shells around nucleus.

Q.2 Ans.2

QP-GG-1.1 to 1.5

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AONLA UNIT Q.3 Ans.3 Why A.C. is preferred to d.c. ? (05)

Alternating current can be easily transmitted with very low loss upto thousands of kilometers because it can be easily stepped up & down by transformers. Why wood, glass, plastic, ceramic, air, cotton do not conduct current? (02) Electrons stick with their atoms in the above materials & can not be detached from atom to act as free electrons. How flow of electric current results in metals? Explain at atomic level? Nearer the electron to the nucleus greater is the force with which it is bound to it. The electrons in outermost orbit experience a very weak force of attraction due to these two reasons. (a) Force varies inversely as the square of distance between two charges. (b)The presence of a large number of electrons in intermediate orbits acts as a partial screen between nucleus and outermost electrons. It is found that in metals the outermost electrons are very loosely attached to atom. Elements with less than 4 Electrons in their outer rings make good conductors. In fact they can be hardly said to be attached to one parent atom, they very freely move from one atom to another inside element and getting transferred from one atom to another atom. These free electrons in one direction balance the movement of the free electrons in the opposite direction. When the movements of these free electrons are controlled flow of electric current results. How much electrons in 1 seconds move through a wire if 1 ampere current is flowing in it? 1 amp physically means that 6.24 x 1018 electrons move through a wire every second.
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Q.4 Ans.4 Q.5 Ans.5

Q.6 Ans.6

QP-GG-1.1 to 1.5

AONLA UNIT

Q.7 Ans.7

What are the parts of an electric circuit? Draw a simple electric circuit having a control mechanism also. Source(or Battery) Load (or motor or bulb) Conducting media (Cable or wires) Switch (Control mechanism) OPTIONAL

QP-GG-1.1 to 1.5

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