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Introduction

 Windows XP is a major revision of the Microsoft Windows operating system created for use on desktop and business computer systems. As
of February 2006, it is the latest general-purpose version of Microsoft's family of operating systems, and is expected to be succeeded by
Windows Vista sometime in the second half of 2006. Codenamed "Whistler" during its development, Windows XP was released on October
25, 2001. The letters "XP" are said to come from the word experience.
 Windows XP presented a significantly redesigned graphical user interface (GUI), a change Microsoft promoted as more user-friendly than
previous versions of Windows. Windows XP is also the first version of Windows to use product activation to combat software piracy, a
restriction that did not sit well with some users and privacy advocates.

 The most common editions of the operating system are Windows XP Home Edition, which is targeted at home users, and Windows XP
Professional, which has additional features and is targeted at power users and business clients. Windows XP Media Center Edition,
released one year later, consists of Windows XP Professional with new features allowing users to record and watch TV shows, watch
DVDs, listen to music and more.
 Two separate 64-bit versions of Windows XP were also released, Windows XP 64-bit Edition for IA-64 (Itanium) processors and Windows
XP Professional x64 Edition for x86-64 (AMD64/Intel EM64T) processors.
 Windows XP Tablet PC Edition is designed for the Tablet PC’s.

Preinstallation Tasks

Before you start the installation, complete the following tasks:

 Ensure that your hardware meets the requirements for installing Windows XP Professional.
 Determine whether your hardware is on the Hardware Compatibility List (HCL).
 Decide how you will partition the hard disk on which you will install Windows XP Professional.
 Choose a file system for the installation partition.
 Determine whether your computer will join a domain or a workgroup.
 Complete a preinstallation checklist.

Hardware Requirements

Hardware Compatibility List

Although the Windows XP Professional Setup Wizard automatically checks your hardware and software for potential conflicts, before you install
Windows XP Professional, you should verify that your hardware is on the Windows XP Professional HCL. Microsoft provides tested drivers for the
listed devices only. Using hardware not listed on the HCL could cause problems during and after installation. The most recent versions of the HCL
for released operating systems are on the Microsoft Web site at:
http://www.microsoft.com/hcl/
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Disk Partitions

• The Windows XP Professional Setup program examines the hard disk to determine its existing configuration. Setup then allows you to
install Windows XP Professional on an existing partition or to create a new partition on which to install it.

• Microsoft recommends installing Windows XP Professional on a 1.5-GB or larger partition. Although Windows XP Professional requires
less disk space for installation, using a larger installation partition provides the flexibility to install Windows XP Professional updates,
operating system tools, or other necessary files in the future.

Depending on the hard disk configuration, do one of the following during installation:
 If the hard disk is unpartitioned, create and size the Windows XP Professional partition.
 If the hard disk is partitioned and contains enough unpartitioned disk space, use the unpartitioned space to create the Windows XP
Professional partition.
 If the existing partition is large enough, install Windows XP Professional on that partition. Installing on an existing partition overwrites any
existing data.
 If the existing partition is not large enough, delete it to provide more unpartitioned disk space for creating the Windows XP Professional
partition.

File Systems

What is meant by
“File System

 FAT16
• All versions of windows support the FAT16 file system. FAT16 uses 16 bits for each cluster entry. The smallest cluster size of
four sectors, which is 2,048 bytes (4 sectors * 512 bytes per sector).
 FAT32
• Microsoft began offering a FAT that held 32 bits per entry with Windows 95 OSR2. FAT32 is most efficient with drives up to 16
GB.
 NTFS
• The NTFS file system offers better performance and is more secure than FAT. NTFS uses a database called MFT (Master File
Table) to hold records about files and their locations. NTFS is only supported in the NT/2000/XP versions of Windows and is
designed for the larger capacity hard drives currently being used. Their are presently five versions of NTFS: v1.0, v1.1, v1.2, v3.0
and v3.1. They are also know as v4.0, v5.0 and v5.1, after the version of Windows they shipped with.

Windows XP Professional supports the NT file system (NTFS) and file allocation table (FAT).
 NTFS:
• File- and folder-level security.
• Disk compression.
• Disk quotas.
• Encryption.

 FAT:
• FAT and FAT32 do not offer many of the features that NTFS supports. Therefore, in most situations, you should format the hard
disk with NTFS. The only reason to use FAT or FAT32 is for dual booting with another operating system that does not support
NTFS.

 FAT32 volumes, in theory, can range in size from less than 1. Also, the maximum individual file size is 4 GB.
 The minimum recommended size for an NTFS volume is 10 MB. However, the maximum supported volume size is 2 TB, and there is no
limit on the file size.
• 2000/XP will not allow you to create a FAT32 volume greater than 32GB. If a disk is preformatted with FAT32, right up to the
theoretical limit for FAT32 disks, XP will support it.
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Operating System Hard Drive Size Restrictions

While hard drive capacity is always increasing, operating systems still have limitations to the size of volumes (logical drive) which they can
support.
 DOS and Windows 9x
• Volumes no larger than 2.1 GB in FAT16. Windows 9x does not support hard drives larger than 137 GB in FAT 32.
 Windows NT/2000/XP
• Limit of 4 GB per volume in FAT16 and 32 GB/volume in FAT32.
 Windows 2000
• Supports hard drives larger than 137 GB as long as Service Pack 3 or higher has been installed.
 Windows XP
• Supports hard drives larger than 137 GB as long as Service Pack 1 or higher has been installed.

Converting a FAT or FAT32 Volume to NTFS

Windows XP Professional provides the Convert command for converting a partition to NTFS without reformatting the partition. To use the
Convert command, open command prompt, which you use to request the Convert command.

Windows XP Setup Program

 Running the Setup program. Setup prepares the hard disk for the later installation stages and copies the files necessary to run the Setup
Wizard.
 Running the Setup Wizard. The Setup Wizard requests setup information about the computer, such as names, and passwords.
 Installing Windows XP Professional networking components. After gathering information about the computer, the Setup Wizard
prompts you for networking information and then installs the networking components that allow the computer to communicate with other
computers on the network.
 Completing the installation. Setup copies files to the hard disk and configures the computer. The system restarts after installation is
complete.

Installing Windows XP without Booting from the CD-ROM

If there is an operating system currently installed on your computer, start the computer, log on, and then insert the Windows XP CD-ROM into the
CD-ROM drive.
 When the Welcome To Microsoft Windows XP screen appears, click Install Windows XP.
 If you get a Windows Setup message box indicating that the version of the operating system cannot be upgraded and that option to upgrade
will not be available, click OK. Setup displays the Welcome To Setup screen.
 In the Installation Type box, select New Installation (Advanced) and then click Next. Setup displays the License Agreement screen.
Then continue with the installation process in normal way.

Windows XP Activation

 The system was introduced by Microsoft to curb illegal distribution of Windows XP. Activation requires the computer or the user to
activate with Microsoft within a certain amount of time in order to continue using the operating system. If the user's computer system ever
changes — for example, if two or more relevant components (see list below) of the computer itself are upgraded — Windows may refuse to
run until the user reactivates with Microsoft.
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 Privacy fears were raised about the nature of the data transmitted to Microsoft. Microsoft then released details about the nature of the
information transmitted. It includes a cryptographic hash of the following ten values:

 Display adapter name

 SCSI adapter name
 IDE adapter name
 Network adapter MAC Address
 RAM amount (as a range, e.g. 0–64 MB, 64–128 MB, etc.)
 Processor type
 Processor serial number (if applicable)
 Hard drive device
 Hard drive volume serial number
 CD-ROM/ CD-RW/ DVD-ROM identification

 This information is used to seed the generation of a number which, along with the CD Key and country of installation, is transmitted to
Microsoft. According to Microsoft, no specific details about the hardware are transmitted.
 There exist volume-licensed copies of Windows XP Professional that do not require Windows Product Activation at all. These copies,
intended for use by customers with many PCs, are referred to by some as "Windows XP Corporate Edition". According to Microsoft, 90%
of pirated installations of Windows XP use a volume-licensed version to circumvent WPA. The most famous volume license key (VLK) is
one beginning with FCKGW, which was released with the first pirated copies of the final version of Windows XP.

Service Pack

• A collection of patches, fixes, and minor upgrades for a specific version of a product such as a Microsoft Windows operating system
or a Microsoft BackOffice server product. A service pack is not the same as a decimal release, such as an upgrade from version 4.0 to
version 4.01.

• Service packs are typically identified with a number, such as Service Pack 2. Occasionally, interim releases of service packs are also
issued, such as Service Pack 2a (SP2a) for Microsoft Transaction Server (MTS).

• Service packs for each product are generally cumulative. For example, if you apply Service Pack 3 to a product, you normally don’t
have to apply Service Packs 1 and 2 first, because Service Pack 3 includes the fixes and upgrades in Service Packs 1 and 2.

• Service packs are included in Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN) TechNet subscriptions; they are also often available for
download from the Microsoft Web site.

Boot Process

What is boot process???

 A term used to refer to the process of starting a computer, as in the phrase, “Please boot the computer.” The term “boot” also refers
specifically to the series of steps by which a computer locates and loads the operating system once the power is turned on. This series of
steps is usually referred to as the boot sequence, and it is dependent on both the type of operating system installed on the machine and the
type of hardware platform.
 In computing, booting is a bootstrapping process that starts operating systems when the user turns on a computer system. A boot sequence
is the set of operations the computer performs when it is switched on which load an operating system.

Boot Files
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Boot Process
 POST
 MBR
 NTLDR
 BOOT.INI
 NTDETECT
 NTOSKRNL
 Then OS Starts…

Pre-Boot Sequence
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After the computer loads NTLDR into memory, the boot sequence gathers information about hardware and drivers in preparation for the Windows
XP load phases.
 Initial Boot Loader Phase: NTLDR switches the microprocessor from real mode to 32-bit flat memory mode, which NTLDR requires to
carry out any additional functions. Next, NTLDR starts the appropriate minifile system drivers, which are built into NTLDR so that
NTLDR can find and load Windows XP Professional from partitions formatted with file allocation table (FAT), FAT32, or NT file system
(NTFS).
 Operating System Selection:During the boot sequence, NTLDR reads the BOOT.INI file. f the BOOT.INI file is not present, NTLDR
attempts to load Windows XP from the first partition of the first disk, typically C:\

 Hardware Detection: NTDETECT.COM and NTOSKRNL.EXE perform hardware detection. NTDETECT.COM executes after you select
Windows XP on the “Please Select The Operating System To Start” screen. If you select an OS other than WinXP, such as Win98, NTLDR
loads and executes BOOTSECT.DOS, which is a copy of the boot sector that was on the system partition at the time that WinXP was
installed. Passing execution to BOOTSECT.DOS starts the boot process for the selected operating system.
 Configuration Selection: After NTLDR starts loading Windows XP & collects hardware information, the operating system loader presents
you with the Hardware Profile menu, which contains a list of the hardware profiles that are set up on the computer.

Kernel Load Sequence

After configuration selection, the Windows XP kernel (NTOSKRNL.EXE) loads and initializes. During the kernel load phase, NTLDR does the
following:
 Loads NTOSKRNL.EXE but does not initialize it.
 Loads the hardware abstraction layer file (HAL.DLL).
 Loads the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM registry key from %systemroot%\System32\Config\System.
 Selects the control set it will use to initialize the computer. A control set contains configuration data used to control the system, such as a
list of the device drivers and services to load and start.
 Loads device drivers with a value of 0x0 for the Start entry. These typically are low-level hardware device drivers, such as those for a hard
disk. The value for the List entry, which is specified in the
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\ServiceGroupOrder subkey of the registry, defines the order in which
NTLDR loads these device drivers.

1. The Hardware key is created: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\HARDWARE

2. The Clone control set is created: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\Select
3. Device drivers are loaded and initialized: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services
If an error occurs while loading and initializing a device
driver, the boot process proceeds based on the value specified in the ErrorControl entry for the driver.

4. Services are started: After the kernel loads and initializes devices drivers, the Session Manager (SMSS.EXE) starts the higher order
subsystems and services for Windows XP.
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Logon Sequence

 The Win32 subsystem automatically starts WINLOGON.EXE, which starts the Local Security Authority (LSASS.EXE) and displays the
Logon dialog box. You can log on at this time, even though Windows XP Professional might still be initializing network device drivers.
 Next, the Service Controller executes and makes a final scan of the HKEY_ LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services
subkey
 A Windows XP startup is not considered good until a user successfully logs on to the system. After a successful logon, the system copies
the Clone control set to the LastKnownGood control set.

Advanced Boot Options (F8)

Press F8 button while starting the computer to get the Advanced Startup Options Menu for Windows XP.

Safe Mode

• If you select safe mode, Windows XP starts with limited device drivers and system services. These basic device drivers and system services
include the mouse, standard VGA monitor, keyboard, mass storage, default system services, and no network connections.

• Safe mode also ignores programs that automatically start up, user profiles, programs listed in the registry to automatically run, and all local
group policies. Safe mode provides access to Windows XP Professional configuration files, so you can make configuration changes. You
can disable or delete a system service, a device driver, or an application that automatically starts that prevents the computer from starting
normally.

 Safe Mode with Networking: You can select safe mode with networking, which is identical to safe mode except that it adds the drivers
and services necessary to enable networking to function when you restart your computer. Safe mode with networking allows Group Policy
to be implemented, including those implemented by the server during the logon process and those configured on the local computer.
 Safe Mode with Command Prompt: A second variation of safe mode is safe mode with command prompt, which is similar to safe mode,
but it loads the command interpreter as the user shell, so when the computer restarts it displays a command prompt.

LastKnownGood Configuration

• Windows XP Professional provides two configurations for starting a computer, Default and LastKnownGood.
Selecting the LastKnownGood configuration advanced boot option starts Windows XP using the registry information
that Windows XP saved at the last shutdown.
If you change the Windows XP configuration to load a driver and have problems rebooting, you can use the last
known good process to recover your working configuration. The last known good process uses the LastKnownGood
configuration, stored in the registry, to boot Windows XP.

When to use LastKnownGood Configuration:

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Using the LastKnownGood configuration does not help in the following situations:
 When the problem is not related to Windows XP configuration changes. Such a problem might arise from incorrectly configured user
profiles or incorrect file permissions.
 After you log on. The system updates the LastKnownGood control set with Windows XP configuration changes after a successful logon.
 When startup failures relate to hardware failures or missing or corrupted files.

Other Advanced Boot Options

 Enable Boot Logging: It logs the loading and initialization of drivers and services for troubleshooting boot problems. All drivers and
services that are loaded and initialized or that are not loaded in a file are logged. The log file, NTBTLOG.TXT, is located in the %windir%
folder. All three versions of safe mode automatically create this boot log file.
 Enable VGA Mode: Starts Windows XP with a basic VGA driver.
 Debugging Mode: It starts Windows XP Professional in kernel debug mode, which allows a debugger to break into the kernel for
troubleshooting and system analysis.

Recovery Console

The Windows XP Recovery Console is a text-mode command interpreter that you can use to access NTFS, FAT, and FAT32 volumes without starting
Windows XP. The Recovery Console allows you to perform a variety of troubleshooting and recovery tasks, including the following:

 Starting and stopping services

 Reading and writing data on a local drive
 Formatting hard disks
 Repairing the MBR

Running Recovery Console

 Boot with the Windows XP operating system CD ROM

 Boot with Bootable floppies (6 floppies are required )
 Install the Recovery Console on the HDD using file:
<cd>:\I386\winnt32 /cmdcons
(Needs approx. 7MB space in Hdd & gives the entry of Recovery Console in boot.ini).
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Recovery Console Commands

 Fixboot: Writes a new partition boot sector onto the system partition.
 Fixmbr: Repairs the MBR of the partition boot sector. This command only overwrites the master boot code, leaving the existing partition
table intact. If corruption in the MBR affects the partition table, running fixmbr might not resolve the problem.
 Chkdsk: Checks a disk and displays a status report.
 Format: Formats a disk. If no file system is specified, NTFS is used bydefault.
 Diskpart: Creates, deletes, and manages partitions on your hard disk. /add Creates a new partition/delete Deletes an existing partition.
 Fdisk: Manages partitions on your hard disk.
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 Enable: Starts or enables a system service or a device driver.
 Disable: Disables a system service or a device driver.
 Logon: Logs on to a Windows XP Professional installation.
 Exit: Exits the Recovery Console and restarts your computer.
 Expand: Expands a compressed file stored on the Windows XP Professional CD-ROM or from within a .cab file and copies it to a
specified destination.
cls, dir, copy, del, cd, md, rd, ren, help, attrib, type, map, more, systemroot
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Repair Installation

 Boot for the Windows Xp Operationg System cd.

 The corrupted installation of the Windows XP can be detected by the Windows XP setup & we get the option to repair that installation. The
repair process proceeds just as the new windows installation process.
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SFC
 Windows XP Professional also provides System File Checker (SFC), a command-line tool that you can use to check the digital signature of
files. The syntax of the SFC tool is as follows:
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User Accounts

 When multiple users share a single computer, they may require or prefer some specified settings. With the help of user accounts, we can
manage multiple settings for different people, also the data of users can be stored separately & can be made secure, preventing other users
to access that data.

 A local user account allows you to log on to a specific computer to access resources on that computer.
 A domain user account allows you to log on to the domain to access network resources.
 A built-in user account allows you to perform administrative tasks or access local or network resources.

 Windows XP Professional automatically creates built-in accounts. Two commonly used built-in accounts are Administrator and Guest.
 You cannot delete the Administrator account. As a best practice, you should always rename the built-in Administrator account to provide
greater security. Use a name that does not identify it as the Administrator account, making it more difficult for unauthorized users to use it
to break into your computer.
 You can disable the guest account, so one cannot use the computer without having username & password.

 Each user profile has 4 folders of his own:

Systemroot:\Documents&Settings\<username>
Desktop My Documents
Favorites Application Data

NOTE When you delete a user account, Windows XP Professional displays the Do You Want To Keep local_user_account's Files window. If you
click Keep Files, Windows XP Professional saves the contents of the local_user_account's desktop and My Documents folder to a new folder called
local_user_account on your desktop. However, it cannot save local_user_account's e-mail messages, Internet Favorites, or other settings.

Create / Modify User Accounts

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 Go to Start>Control Panel>User Accounts
 Go to Computer Management> System Tools> Local Users & Groups> Right click to modify an account or create new account.

Create Account Change Name

Create Password Remove password
Change password Remove account
Change picture Change A/c Type

Changing the Way Users Log On or Log Off

Only administrators can change the way users log on or log off the computer. This option is only available on the Pick A Task screen if you are
logged on with a user account that is a member of the Administrators group.
 Use The Welcome Screen. This check box, enabled by default, allows you to click your user account on the Welcome screen to log on to
the computer. If you clear this check box, you must type your user name and password at a logon prompt to log on.
 Use Fast User Switching. This check box, enabled by default, allows you to quickly switch to another user account without first logging
off and closing all programs. When you are finished, you can switch to the first user account.

Configuring User Profiles

 To view, create, delete, and change the type of user profiles, in Control Panel, click System, and then click the Advanced tab. In the User
Profiles box, click Settings to display the User Profiles dialog box.

Computer Management
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 We can use computer management to view shared folders, services, event viewer, disk management, user accounts & many more
administrative tasks.
 Right click on my computer, click “manage”.
 Go to Control Panel, Administrative Tools, then Computer Management.

System Restore

 Every time you download or install a new game, application, or software update, you make changes to your computer.
 You can use System Restore to remove any system changes that were made since the last time you remember your computer working
correctly. System Restore does not affect your personal data files (such as Microsoft Word documents, browsing history, drawings,
favorites, or e-mail) so you won't lose changes made to these files.

 We can create restore points, & restore the computer to back date.
 Start > All programs > Accessories > System Tools > System Restore.
 C:\Windows\system32\restore\rstrui.exe
 We can disable System Restore by:
• Right click My Computer > System Restore tab > Tick “Turn off system restore”.

 Windows XP periodically records a snapshot of your computer. These snapshots are called restore points. Windows XP also creates restore
points at the time of significant system events (such as when an application or driver is installed) or you can create and name your own
restore points at any time. If you’ve installed a program that has made your computer unstable, you can open system restore, choose a
restore point, and return your computer to its previous stable state.
 If you don't use your computer every day, some days might not have any restore points. If you use your computer frequently, you might
have restore points almost every day, and some days might have several restore points.

Hardware Devices and Drivers

Installing Hardware Automatically

 Windows XP supports Plug and Play hardware. For most devices that are Plug and Play-compliant, as long as the appropriate driver is
available and the basic input/output system (BIOS) on the computer is a Plug and Play BIOS or an Advanced Configuration and Power
Interface (ACPI) BIOS, Windows XP automatically detects, installs, and configures the device (Quite Installation).
 When there is a new piece of hardware detected that cannot be installed automatically, Windows XP Professional displays the Found New
Hardware Wizard

Note: “Plug and Play” Service of WinXP detects the new hardware in the Windows XP Computer.
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Installing Hardware

 However, you might occasionally need to initiate automatic installation for some Plug and Play hardware. You do this with the Add
Hardware Wizard. For non-Plug and Play hardware that Windows XP does not identify, install, and configure, you initiate the automatic
installation of the hardware with the Add Hardware Wizard.
 To automatically install hardware, complete the following steps:
• In Control Panel, click Add Hardware to start the Add Hardware Wizard. Windows XP queries the hardware about the hardware
resources that it requires and the settings for those resources. A hardware resource allows a hardware device to communicate
directly with the operating system. Windows XP can resolve conflicts between Plug and Play hardware for hardware resources.

Device Manager

Windows XP Professional uses icons in the Device Manager window to identify each installed hardware device. If Windows XP Professional does
not have an icon for the device type, it displays a question mark.
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Hardware Profiles

 A hardware profile stores configuration settings for a set of devices and services. Windows XP Professional can store different hardware
profiles to meet the user's different needs. Hardware profiles are used primarily for portable computers. For example, a portable computer
can use different hardware configurations depending on whether it is docked or undocked. A portable-computer user can create a hardware
profile for each state (docked and undocked) and choose the appropriate profile when starting Windows XP.

 Windows XP creates an initial profile during installation, listed as Profile 1 (Current). You can create a new profile with the same
configuration as another profile. To create a new profile, in the Available Hardware Profiles list, select the profile that you want to copy,
and then click Copy.
 If there are two or more profiles in the Available Hardware Profiles list, Windows XP Professional prompts the user to make a selection
during startup. You can configure how long the computer waits before starting the default configuration.
 To view the properties for a hardware profile, in the Available Hardware Profiles list, select a profile, and then click Properties. This
displays the Properties dialog box for the profile.

Driver Signing

 Windows XP drivers and operating system files have been digitally signed by Microsoft to ensure their quality. In Device Manager, you can
look in the Driver tab of a device Properties dialog box to verify that the digital signer of the installed driver is correct. Some applications
overwrite existing operating files as part of their installation process, which might cause system errors that are difficult to troubleshoot.
Microsoft has greatly simplified the tracking and troubleshooting of altered files by signing the original operating system files and allowing
you to easily verify these signatures.
 In the Hardware tab, in the Device Manager box, click Driver Signing.

Printers & Fax

Installing Printers

 Windows XP Professional supports the following print devices:

• Local printers, which are connected to a physical port on the computer.
• Network interface printers, which are connected to a print server through the network instead of a physical port. Network
interface printers require their own network interface cards and have their own network address or they are attached to an
external network adapter.

 Printer port. The software interface through which a computer communicates with a printer by means of a locally attached interface.
Windows XP supports the following interfaces:
• line printer (LPT),
• COM,
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• universal serial bus (USB) 1.1,
• IEEE 1394 (FireWire),
• network-attached devices such as the HP JetDirect and Intel NetPort.
•
Windows XP does not support USB 2.0.Windows XP treats a FireWire card as a network and a peripheral connectivity device.

Adding Local Printer

1. Click Start, click Control Panel, and then click Printers And Other Hardware.
2. Under Pick A Task, click Add A Printer to launch the Add Printer Wizard. The Add Printer Wizard starts with the Welcome To The Add
Printer Wizard page displayed.
3. Click Next. The Add Printer Wizard displays the Local Or Network Printer page.
The number of local printers that you can connect to a print server through physical
ports depends on your hardware configuration.

If you have a Plug and Play printer that connects through a USB port, an IEEE 1394 interface, or any other port that allows you to attach or remove
devices without having to shut down and restart your computer, you do not need to use the Add Printer Wizard. Plug the printer's cable into your
computer or point the printer toward your computer's infrared port and turn on the printer. Windows automatically installs the printer for you.

Adding Network Printer

 To add a network interface printer, select Local Printer Attached To This Computer on the Local Or Network Printer page of the Add
Printer Wizard. The main difference between adding a local printer and adding a network interface printer is that for a typical network
interface printer, you provide additional port and network protocol information.

 The default network protocol for Windows XP Professional is Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), which many
network interface printers use. For TCP/IP, you provide additional port information in the Add Standard TCP/IP Printer Port Wizard.

Internet & Networking

Creating Dialup

Go to Control Panel > Network Connections > click Create A New Connection

Network Connection

 A computer needs 4 things to connect to the network:

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• Adapter (Lan Interface Card)
• Protocol (Internet Protocol TCP/IP)
• Client (Client for Microsoft Networks)
• Service (File & Printer Sharing Service)

Configuring TCP/IP Settings

 Static IP
 Dynamic IP
 APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing)

1. Windows XP TCP/IP attempts to find a DHCP server on the attached network to obtain a dynamically assigned IP address.
2. In the absence of a DHCP server, APIPA generates an IP address in the form of 169.254.x.y (where x.y is the client's unique identifier) and a
subnet mask of 255.255.0.0.
3. After the computer generates the address, it broadcasts to this address and then assigns the address to itself if no other computer responds.

Configuring TCP/IP Settings

Alt. Configuration of TCP/IP

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 Auto-Configuration for Multiple Networks Connectivity provides easy access to network devices and the Internet. It also allows a
mobile computer user to seamlessly operate both office and home networks without having to manually reconfigure TCP/IP settings.
 You specify an alternate configuration for TCP/IP if a DHCP server is not found. The alternate configuration is useful when a computer is
used on multiple networks, one of which does not have a DHCP server and does not use an automatic private IP addressing configuration.
(By default, the APIPA feature is enabled. However, you
can disable it by specifying an alternate configuration to
use if a DHCP server cannot be located.)

Troubleshooting TCP/IP

File Sharing

 Right click on the folder, then click on Sharing and Security.

 In the Sharing tab, tick on “Share this folder on the network”.
 Click on “Permissions” button to set the appropriate sharing permissions.
 Under the “Security” tab, we can set NTFS permissions to give the access rights to other users. (This option is available only in case of
NTFS file system & permissions are applicable when other user tries to access the folder remotely or locally).

NTFS Folder Permissions

 21

Network Setup Wizard

 This wizard helps to set the computer to run on the network. We can share the folders & printer on our system after running this wizard.
 Generally need to run this wizard when the windows have been recently loaded & sharing is not happening.
 The option to run this wizard will come by going to sharing tab of folder’s properties or from control panel>network connections.

Configuring E-mail Clients Outlook Express Microsoft Outlook

 Before you get going, make sure you know your email address along with the following information. (You may need to contact your ISP,
Internet Service Provider, to get it.)
 First, information about the e-mail servers:
• The type of e-mail server you use: POP3 (most e-mail accounts), HTTP (such as Hotmail), or IMAP
• The name of the incoming e-mail server
• For POP3 and IMAP servers, the name of the outgoing e-mail server (generally SMTP)

 Second, information about your account:

• Your account name and password.
• Find out if your ISP requires you to use Secure Password Authentication (SPA) to access your e-mail account—yes or no is
all that's required.

Configuring Outlook Express

1. Start Outlook Express, and on the Tools menu, click Accounts.

2. Click Add, and then click Mail to open the Internet Connection Wizard.

3. On the Your Name page of the wizard, type your name as you want it to appear to everyone who gets e-mail from you, and then click Next
 22
4. On the Internet Explorer Address page, type your e-mail address, and then click Next.
5. On the E-mail Server Names page, fill in the first block of information that you gathered from your ISP in step 1, and then click Next.

7. On the Internet Mail Logon page, type your account name and password.
8. Click Next, and then click Finish. You're ready to send your first e-mail!

Configuring Microsoft Outlook

In Microsoft Outlook, select Tools > E-mail Accounts.

On the E-mail Accounts wizard window, select "Add a new e-mail account" and click Next.
 23

For your server type, select "POP3" and click Next.

Microsoft Outlook

On the Internet E-mail Settings (POP3) window, enter your information as follows:
 Your Name
• Enter your first and last name.
 E-mail Address
• Enter your e-mail address.
 User Name
• Enter your e-mail address, again.
 Password
• Enter the password you set up for your e-mail account.
 Incoming mail server (POP3)
• Your incoming server is mail.mydomain.com, where "mydomain.com" is the name of your domain.
 Outgoing mail server (SMTP)
• Enter smtpout.secureserver.net for your outgoing mail server.
 Click "More Settings."
 24

 On the Internet E-mail Settings window, select the "Outgoing Server" tab.
 Select "My outgoing server (SMTP) requires authentication."
 If you did not change the SMTP relay section, select "Use same settings as my incoming mail server". If you changed the user name and
password in the SMTP relay section of your Manage Email Accounts page, select "Log on using" and enter the user name and password.
The following example assumes you did not change your SMTP relay section in your Manage Email Accounts page.

Select the "Advanced" tab and change the "Outgoing server (SMTP)" port to 80 or 3535.

Click OK.

Click Next.
 25

Click “Finish”.

Troubleshooting & Resolving Common Issues

Common Issues

 Cursor blinking after POST.

 Ntldr missing.
 Not getting any icons on desktop.
 Machine restarts on OS logo.
 missing file: windows\system32\config\system.
 file is missing or corrupt: System32\Drivers\Ntfs.sys.

Hardware / Software: Security / Updates:

1. How do I format my hard drive under WinXP? 1. General Virus Prevention

2. Restoring Access to CD-ROMs 2. Sasser Worm Infection
3. Passwords not saved in Outlook/Outlook Express. 3. Do I need a firewall and is XP's firewall OK?
 26
4. How do I copy my music CD to my computer? 4. How much protection is enough?
5. I Can't copy pictures to a CD anymore. 5. How do you turn off the XP firewall?
6. How can I remove Windows Messenger from XP? 6. System shuts down after a 60 second
countdown
Errors / Missing Files: 7. Windows updated and rebooted my
computer without my OK.
1. I get this error message: Unmountable Boot 8. Is SP2 Safe to Download?
Volume. 9. What Are the New SP2 Features?
2. If you get an error that NTLDR is not found 10. Access Denied: Error Message - Windows
during bootup Update
3. NTOSKRNL Missing or Corrupt 11. Can I password Protect certain files and
4. HAL.DLL Missing or Corrupt folders?
5. Corrupted or Missing 12. Can I delete the Hotfix file after updating?
\WINDOWS\SYSTEM32\CONFIG 13. SP2 Display's Different Splash Screen
6. A file that is required to run search companion 14. No devices are listed in Device manager
cannot be found. You may need to run setup. 15. Anti-Virus For Windows 64 bit
7. How can I recover emptied items from my 16. How can I block a web site from being
recycle bin? viewed?
8. The file 'Asms' on Windows XP Professional CD- 17. Norton keeps disabling my Windows
ROM is needed. firewall
9. 16 bit Windows Subsystem Error 18. Can't Find Windows XP SP2 Update
10. My system shows I am missing some files, how 19. Update from Microsoft via email?
can I replace them? 20. DLLuser32.dll Error Message
11. Cannot access Add/Remove Window
Components in Control Panel General:
12. Virtual memory minimum is too low
13. Not a valid win32 application. 1. What's the difference between Windows XP
14. Filenames missing in Explorer Home and Professional editions?
15. New Hardware Found the device SDDMI2 was 2. Can't save .Gif or Jpeg files when right
found. clicked.
16. Drive Image causes boot error messages 3. How can I retrieve my XP Product Key?
17. My Search function will no longer work 4. How can I change my drive letter?
18. Reinstall System Restore 5. Why won't 16-bit programs install on a
19. Shellcon Hidden Windows Message computer running the 64-bit version of
20. I/O device error when trying to use your CD or Windows XP?
DVD drive 6. How to remove XP Home Edition
21. opxpapp.exe encountered a problem error 7. Cleaning out Windows Registry
message 8. How do I backup the Windows Registry?
22. System Restore Troubleshooting 9. Missing System Restore Tab
23. Virtual Memory is Low 10. Intermittent Black Screen on Laptop
24. Windows cannot initialize the device driver for 11. How would I access DOS in Windows XP
this hardware SP2?
25. Blank window in system restore 12. Does Linksys slow down XP?
26. Restore the Show Desktop Quicklaunch Icon 13. Remote Desktop Connection Missing in
27. Error message when trying to install TweakUI Programs
from Microsoft 14. Upgrade XP Home to XP Pro?
28. Missing Programs in All Programs Menu 15. What is the easiest way to set a restore
29. Missing Administrative Tools in Start Menu point?
30. Files with .exe extension will not open 16. "Show window contents while dragging"
31. When running the troubleshooter in Help and does not work
Support I receive the following error message; 17. How to replace lost, broken, or missing
"An ActiveX control on this page is not safe." Microsoft software or hardware
How can I fix this? 18. How can I turn off the balloon tip
notifications?
 27
32. Help and Support link in Start Menu not working
19. Use Date/Time Stamp in Notepad
Desktop: 20. Making Private Folders Not Private
21. Adding Destinations To Save As Box
1. Dell Computer Not Keeping Correct Time 22. Assigning Hotkeys to Launch Applications
2. Can't access Help and Support center 23. Website Images Fuzzy
3. Search or CMD Opens When Double Clicking a 24. Run Windows XP from a DVD?
Folder or Drive 25. Unable to install Windows XP
4. Can I use my XP (Home Edition) as a remote 26. Delay in viewing shared files
computer? 27. Remove Task Pane in Folder Options
5. I accidentally deleted my Recycle Bin, how do I 28. Windows XP no longer communicates with
restore it? printer
6. The Taskbar won't resize 29. Monitor Blacks Out
7. I am not able to empty items from my recycle 30. Unable to send HTML forms
bin
31. Right click menu is gone in Start Menu
8. Single Click to Open Shortcuts
32. All Programs Menu Font
9. Blank window on desktop
33. Logging in to multiple domains
10. Task Manager Menu Bar and Tabs Are Not Visible
34. How can I tell if I have the 'Corporate'
11. Organize Programs within "All Programs"
version installed?
12. All of my windows are upside down 35. Identify Processes in Svchost.exe
13. My Computer icon missing from Desktop 36. Images will not rotate in thumbnail view
14. Can't Use Welcome Screen 37. Remove unwanted items in the Open With
15. Right click menu gone in taskbar menu
16. Desktop icons change to generic icons 38. Dialup connection window launches
17. My Picture Slide Show randomly
18. I have too many notification icons in my taskbar 39. Remove invalid program entries in
Add/Remove Programs
Startup / Shutdown: 40. Windows XP will not remember folder
setting
1. XP Restarts after shutdown 41. The tabs are missing from the Task
2. System keeps restarting #1 Manager
3. System keeps restarting #2 42. The search window opens when browsing
folders in Windows Explorer
4. My system continually reboots
43. No text displayed in Help and Support
5. Disk Checker Runs at Startup center index
6. Shutdown and Restart options unavailable 44. XP Shutdown Menu Format Changed
7. Turn the NumLock Feature Off 45. Should I use NTFS or FAT32?
8. System Continually Reboots 46. How can I change the drive letter
9. Windows XP Random Reboots assignment?
10. Windows XP Will Not Start
11. Programs running in background 47. Can I move my Windows XP installation to
a new computer?

Troubleshooting FAQ

Windows Booting Issues

1. When I boot the system, the fans turn on, but I see nothing on screen.
 28
2. The system hangs right at or before the memory test on bootup.
3. The system halts while trying to detect plug-n-play devices.
4. The PC hangs on bootup without accessing either the A drive or C drive.
5. The system just boots to the hard disk without ever even looking at the floppy drive.
6. I am trying to boot to a system disk, but the PC just hangs while accessing it.
7. The PC hangs when trying to access the hard drive on bootup.
8. NTLDR is missing Press any key to restart

Internet Explorer Issues

1. How do I stop the Kernell32.dll errors from happening?

2. EXPLORER caused an invalid page fault in MSHTML.DLL
3. Porn Sites are Attaching to my Favorites
4. Error 35: Incompatible Version of the RPC Stub
5. Unable to view web site HTML source code.
6. A pop-up window was blocked error
7. How can I have a window open maximized?
8. Appname: iexplore.exe Appver: 6.02800.1106
9. Homepage and Favorites Hijacked
10. Clicking a link opens a blank window
11. When accessing websites, I show a red X instead of a picture
12. When trying to access certain sites, I get a "page cannot be displayed" message.
13. How can I permanently delete the Links folder in my Favorites menu?
14. I can't get rid of "about: blank" messages!
15. Unable to access secure sites after SP2 download.
16. How do I clear Auto-complete entries?
17. Cannot click links on web pages
18. Runtime Error Message: C:\Program files\Internet Explorer\EXPLORE.EXE
19. Lost Internet Explorer uploading bar?
20. Remove a specific URL from address bar
21. Red X appears when trying to organize favorites
22. My Address Bar Has Disappeared
23. Unable to reset my home page
24. Drop down menus not appearing
25. How can I stop employees from accessing the Internet?
26. IE opens and then closes.
27. Advanced options missing

Outlook Express FAQ

1. I have lost all of my mail, how can I retrieve it?

2. OE will not allow attachments.
3. OE won't switch identities.
4. Why won't OE display my Inbox on startup?
5. I get an error message saying that Window Address Book doesn't appear to be a valid address book
file?
6. Outlook Express Loads Very Slowly
 29
7. Outlook Express could not be started because MSOERES.DLL could not be found. Outlook Express
may not be installed correctly.
8. Outlook Express crashes when composing messages
9. OE has become very slow when opening
10. Incoming links do not work
11. Unable to start OE
12. I think I need to re-install OE
13. Messages Not Appearing
14. Mail will not delete
15. Blank page when hyperlink is clicked
16. After installing Windows XP SP2, I get a Red X instead of the picture.
17. How do you change the printer margins in OE?
18. Hyperlinks not working in Outlook Express
19. Outlook Express Disconnects After Receiving Mail
20. Send email via Yahoo account
21. How do I transfer my old OE data to my new system?
22. How can I control spam better?
23. How do I save a message without its attachment?
24. Messages Not Shown in OE Inbox

Monitor Issues

1. Monitor Troubleshooting
2. Monitor out of adjustment
3. Cleaning your flat screen monitor
4. Cut down on screen glare
5. Low Volume, High Pitch Whining Sound
6. What do I need to run a dual monitor setup?
7. Fixing stuck pixels on your LCD monitor

Sound Issues

1. My sound card doesn't make any sound and I show no conflicts.

2. I can hear WAV files and games just fine, but CD-audio can't be heard.
3. I upgraded to Windows 2000 and my sound card doesn't work right.
4. I have a 4-speaker sound card but can't get any more than 2 speakers working.
5. There is only sound coming from one speaker.
6. General Sound Troubleshooting
7. Half of audio volume is missing

Internet & Modem Issues

1. I have a 56K rated modem but never get connections that fast.
2. I keep getting bumped from the internet. What do I do?
 30
3. When I try to connect, it says there is no dialtone.
4. I try to use my modem but it keeps saying it is already busy or in use.
5. The speaker on my modem is either too loud or too soft.
6. Certain sites make my browser crash. What gives?
7. Can I get DSL?
8. I lose connections in the middle of downloads.
9. I think I might have a computer virus. What do I do?
10. I have a cable or DSL modem and notice the connection is sometimes active for no reason.
11. I am having problems getting my WinModem to work.

USB FAQ

1. USB 2.0 is now USB 1.1 after Vista Upgrade

2. Device is not removed when "Safely Remove Hardware" icon is clicked
3. My USB flash drive won't work on one machine but works fine on another?
4. Safely Remove Hardware Icon is Missing
5. USB device does not appear in "Safely Remove Hardware"
6. USB v2.0 Device Is Not Working
7. How can I tell which USB version is installed on my computer?

About Windows XP

Windows XP Home Edition Features Windows XP Pro Edition Features

XP Design Goals Program Compatibility Issues

Minimum System Requirements

Performance

Enable Boot Defragment Perform a ScanDisk in XP

Optimize System Performance Speed up the Start Menu

Increase Virtual Memory Feel the need for speed?

Clean the Prefetch Directory Disable Notification Balloon Tips

Speed Up Access to Data Programs Running at System Startup

Startup / Shutdown

Disable XP's splash screen Break out of a continuous reboot loop

Display a message on Startup Stop Windows Messenger

Disable Net Send Messenger Service Create an XP Start Disk

Disabling Hibernation Disabling Startup Programs

Desktop

Classic Start Menu Enable ClearType

Disabling Hibernation Using the Windows Key

Assign a Keyboard Shortcut Icon Spacing on Taskbar

View Thumbnails In Folder Window Disable Caps Lock

Display the QuickLaunch Toolbar Ungroup Taskbar Items In Windows XP

 31
Clean out "Send To" items Folder memory Setting

Create a Zip Folder Customize the Windows XP Start Menu

Full Screen feature Display a Photo on your Desktop

Use your own picture for your User Account Alphabetize Your All Programs Menu

Installing Wallpaper on the PC Transparent Desktop Icons

Tool Tips will not display on Taskbar

Repairing / Troubleshooting

Back up the XP registry DirectX Diagnostic Tool

System Restore Feature Defrag.exe

Bootcfg Tasklist.exe

Local Group Policy Editor Format Hard Drive

Common Command Console Utilities PowerToys for XP

Windows XP MSCONFIG Personal Support

Using the "Ping" Command Low Disk Space Notification

Repair Option on a LAN or High-Speed Connection Detect and Repairing Disk Errors

Update a Device Driver Troubleshooting Drivers Using Driver Verifier Manager

Create Password Reset Disk System Information Tool

System Security

Automatic Updates Protecting Your PC

A Virus that won't go away... How to prevent spyware

Secure your computer from external threats Manage Your Computer's Security Settings

Content Advisor Password

General Information

Shared Documents Folders Upgrade Paths

Secure Attention Sequence Title Encrypted Files

Configure Auto Update System Information

Cancel A Print Job Saving Space

Knowing Network Neighborhood Remove "Help and Support" link from XP Start Menu

Adding an item to the Send To menu Clear unwanted items from the "Open With" list

Adding a special character Monitor USB Bandwidth Usage

Move The Cursor Without A Mouse Muted sound

Playing a DVD Movie using WinDVD Unhide Components in Add/Remove Programs

Windows Keyboard Shortcuts Make a backup copy of your Windows XP Registry

Enlarge your Thumbnail Images Uninstall Windows Updates

Change file associations

 32

Performance

Clear Pagefile on Shutdown Configuring the Firewall

Enable/Disable Error Reporting Disable Windows Messenger

Uninstall Windows Messenger End Non-Responsive Tasks

Disabling the Indexing Service XP Services

Display Configurations Increasing the Folder Cache

Watch your cookies Increase DSL Speed

Speed up Windows XP Making XP as Stabile as Possible

Home Edition Back Up Accessing Scan Disk

XP Performance Tweak Enable DMA Mode for DVD writer

Turn off system restore Enable or Disable Boot Defrag

Common Control Panel Applets Create a System Restore point

Clear all restore points except recent one Remove Unwanted Entries in Startup (MSCONFIG)

Adjust Browser Cache System Restore Setting

Free Up Disk Space Schedule Windows XP Maintenance Tasks

Improve Windows XP Menu Response and Shutdown Speeds

Startup / Shutdown

Creating a Shutdown/Reboot Icon Power Off at Shutdown

Shutdown Desktop Icon Win XP Won’t Completely Shutdown

Startup and Booting Issues Add Safe Mode to Boot Menu

Create a Standby desktop Shortcut

Repairing / Troubleshooting

Partition Your Hard Disk Using the System File Checker

Configuring the XP firewall Reinstall Internet Explorer

Re-Enabling System Restore System Response

Accessing Safe Mode Restore Missing Windows Update Link

Driver Rollback Disable Boot Virus Detection

Password Reset Disk Repairing IE / OE In Windows XP

Desktop / Programs

Rename IE's Title Bar Drive into a Folder

Remap Your Keyboard Change Mouse Pointer Scheme

Customize the Start menu Alphabetize your start menu

Print a Folders Contents Change Title Bar Colors

 33
Quick Date & Time Insert Remove Unwanted Hidden Programs

Pin Items to Start Menu Using ClearType Method

Change Default Sounds Selecting Files

Turn ToggleKeys On Using Favorites in Windows XP Help

Rename Start Menu Folders Expand Control Panel in the Start Menu

Change The Text In The XP Start Button Windows XP ClickLock Feature

Access your favorite programs fast Display the Quick Launch Bar

General Information

Internet Connection Sharing Microsoft Narrator

Install the NetBEUI Protocol Brand XP

Using Remote Desktop Turn Off IE Clicking Noise

No to All Option Reinstall the Windows games

Saving Files to a CD-RW Creating a backup registry file

Protect your files by using a screen saver password Print only selected text from web sites

Email a picture of your screen Microsoft Photo Story 3 for Windows XP

Turn Off Autoeject New Programs Highlight in Start Menu

Performance

Disable unneeded devices in Device Manager Monitor System Performance

Disk Cleanup Utility Hangs Cleaning out Windows Registry

Disable certain services Disable the Indexing Service

Driver Rollback Feature

Troubleshooting

Boot to Safe Mode Remove a randomly named Trojan Virus

Constant Ping to Troubleshoot a Connection View event logs to troubleshoot issues

Installing the Windows XP Recovery Console Most Common Reasons for System Crashes

How to use the Recovery Console Windows Update Registered Incorrectly

Recover your XP Password CD/DVD Drive Not Detected

Cannot Create or Replace a File or Folder Game will not install

XP Pro Won't Completely Shutdown Booting to Safe Mode in Windows XP

Fixing Defragmenter problems in Windows XP Reinstall System Restore in Windows XP

Error message when you click a Mailto: link

Desktop

Off-Line Web Browsing Save Custom Colors & Patterns

 34
Installing Fonts Making text transparent on desktop icons

Launch the On-Screen Keyboard Quickly Close All Windows

Make any folder a desktop toolbar Turn any folder into a taskbar toolbar

Hide Inactive Icons Cleanup Your Desktop

Change Your Pointer Scheme Add Familiar Icons back to your desktop

Windows XP Desktop Themes Create your own desktop theme

Create invisible titles for desktop icons Use your digital photos as Windows XP screensavers

Add Toolbars on the Windows XP Desktop Working with Windows XP Taskbar

Create a Personal Screensaver Change Your Desktop Appearance

Positioning your Wallpaper image

Windows Explorer

Rename Multiple Files Choose Hibernate from Shutdown Dialog

Command a change when dragging files File names in thumbnail view

Add Details to the 'Arrange icons by' Menu Create a Folders Thumbnail Image

View more in Windows Explorer Customize Windows Explorer's Default Folder

General

Obtain Version Information How to login as Administrator

Increase Windows Shutdown Time Enable CD burning service

Backup the Windows Registry Clear Page File at Shutdown

Directory size limitations in XP Download PowerToys for Windows XP

Switch Users without the Welcome screen Disable password when returning from Standby

Clear AutoComplete Entries from Web Forms Arrange two windows side-by-side

How to tell if SP2 is installed Find out what programs are installed

Erase Files from a CD-RW Auto Logon to Windows XP

Remove shortcut arrow from desktop icons Microsoft Narrator

Do Not Highlight Newly Installed Programs Local Group Policy Editor

Local Area Network Connection Info Shortcut Internet Connection Sharing

Keep Favorites At The Top Of Start Menu Printer Sharing Using Windows XP

Buying a new computer Change the Registered Owner information

Launch a program minimized or maximized Capture a Windows Screen

Stop seeing Links folder in your Favorites menu Enable Printer Sharing

Synchronizing Files Limit Computer's Function

Remove the OEM link from the Start Menu Display Administrative Tools folder in Start menu

Delete invalid entries in MSCONFIG Startup Create a customized default user profile

Change the command prompt startup directory Easily re-activate your XP installation
 35

Performance

Clear Page File At Shutdown Clear Corrupt Event Log Files

Move the Page File to a different partition TweakUI PowerToy for Windows XP

Windows Search Disk Indexing Service Speed up the Start Menu

What happened to ScanDisk?

Troubleshooting

BIOS Power-On Selt Test (POST) Screen Disable "Automatic Restart" feature

Desktop

Place a custom popup menu on your taskbar Create a Shortcut to Lock Your System

Create a Shortcut That Starts Remote Desktop

Windows Explorer

Open Windows Explorer from a Command Prompt Change Windows Explorer's Default Start Folder

Enable "Show hidden files and folders"

General

Protect your data during a power outage Store all of your passwords on one secure database

BIOS Settings Disable New Programs Installed message

Windows Utilities Shortcuts Create a Password Reset Disk

Create a Shortcut to your LAN Information