EXPERIMENT NO.

WORKER PERFORMANCE UNDER RUSHED CONDITIONS

AUGUST 15, 2007

GROUP 4

MEASUREMENT

BARREDA, MICCA F.

BIASON, ROSALIE S.

DATO-ON, ANTHONY E.

JAMIR, DAVE M.

MADRIAGA, CHARMAINE S.

BSECE-2C

MS. MA. DOLORES TABANERA

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. OBJECTIVES………………………………………………

II. SET-UP…………………………………………………….

III. THEORY………………………………………………….

IV. PROCEDURE…………………………………………....

V. DATA/OBSERVATIONS…………………………………

VI. COMPUTATIONS/GRAPH……………………………..

VII. ANALYSIS /DISCUSSION……………………………..

VIII. CONCLUSION. ………………………………………...

IX. APPLICATION ……………………………………………

X. REFLECTION ……………………………………………..
I. OBJECTIVES

• To acquire skills in using the meter sticks and a vernier caliper

• To determine the mass density of some solid materials

II. SET-UP (Labled)

III. THEORY

IV. PROCEDURE
V. DATA/OBSERVATIONS

Data Tables:

Table 1: Data

Solid Objects Dimension in Centimeter (cm)

Ruler Vernier Caliper
Cube L= 2.45 W= 2.41 h= 2.48 L= 2.55 W= 2.5 h= 2.52
Block L= 5 W= 3.1 h= 2.8 L= 5.1 W= 3.15 h= 2.9
Cylinder D= 2.4 h= 3.4 D= 2.5 h= 3.5
Sphere D= 1.8 D= 1.9

Table 2: Using the Ruler

Solid Materials Mass Volume Computed Accepted % Error

Objects (grams) (Cm³) mass density mass density

(gkc) (gkc)
Cube Aluminu 44.525 14.706 3.028 2.70 12.148

m
Block Iron 367 43.4 8.456 7.87 7.446
Cylinder Copper 156.2 15.381 10.155 8.93 13.718
Sphere 3.054

Table 3: Using the Vernier Caliper

Solid Materials Mass Volume Computed Accepted % Error

Objects (grams) (cm³) mass density mass density

(gkc) (gkc)
Cube Aluminu 44.525 16 2.783 2.70 3.074

m
Block Iron 367 46.589 7.877 7.87 0.7
 Cylinder Copper 156.2 17.181 9.091 8.93 16.1
Sphere

OBSERVATIONS:

• The group obtained different but close measurements of the cube which

was unnatural because generally, all sides of a cube must be equal.

• In table 1, the dimensions measured using vernier caliper are larger

compared to that of the ruler.

• In the percent error between computed and accepted density of metals,

only the cube and the block measured in the vernier caliper had the

smallest percent error.

• Most of the computed densities are too close to its respective accepted

density.

VI. COMPUTATIONS/GRAPH

(Volumes)

Cube: L= 2.45 W= 2.41 h= 2.48

V= 2L

= (2.45 cm) (2.41 cm) (2.48 cm)

V= 14.706 cm³
Block: L= 5 W= 3.1 h= 2.8

V= L x W x h

= (5 cm)(3.1 cm)(2.8 cm)

V= 43.4 cm³

Cylinder: D= 2.4 cm h= 3.4 cm

V= ∏/4 D² h

= (2.4 cm) ² x ∏/4 x 3.4 cm

V= 15.381 cm³

Sphere: D= 1.8 cm

V= ∏/6 D³

= (∏/6)(1.8 cm) ³

V= 3.054 cm³

(Mass density)

Cube: m=44.525 g, V= 14.706 cm³

D= m/v

= 44.525g/ 14.706cm³

D = 3.028 g/cm³

Block: m=367g, V= 43.4 cm³

 D= m/v

= 367g/ 43.4 cm³

D= 8.456 g/cm³

Cylinder: m=156.2g, V= 15.381 cm³

D= m/v

= 156.2g / 15.381 cm³

D= 10.155 g/cm³

Sphere: m=

(Percentage Error)

Experimental Value- Standard or Accepted Value

% Error = x 100
Standard or Accepted Value

Using Cube: 3.028 g/cc – 2.7 g/cc

x 100
2.7 g/cc

% Error = 12.148%

VII. ANALYSIS/ DISCUSSION/ QUESTION

1.) What probably caused the percentage differences between the two

methods of measuring the volume of the objects?

 Maybe because the 2 methods of measuring the volume are slightly

different, but regardless the measuring instrument, the probable

cause of percentage difference is the estimation or rounding off to

the nearest tenths of the measurement.

2.) Of the two measuring devices use in the experiment, which gives the more

accurate result? Why?

The vernier caliper gives the more accurate result than a ruler

because a vernier caliper measures lengths accurately without

estimating the exact value of the reading.

3.) Why must the edge of the metersticks, rather than the broader side to be

adjacent to the dimension being measured?

When measurements are being made with the meterstick, the scale

should be placed edgewise on object to be measured.

4.) In measurement, what are the advantages of ruler over vernier?

A ruler is easier to use and very commercial/ readily available since

many people are practically using it as a measuring instrument.

VIII. CONCLUSION

By performing the experiment, we therefore conclude that, when it comes

to skills, meterstick is more convenient to use rather than making use of the

vernier caliper. Because in meterstick, you simply place the stick on top of the
dimension you are measuring and that’s it. In vernier caliper, you have to double

your care in positioning the object.

On the other hand, vernier caliper can give us an accurate reading rather

that the materstick. It is because vernier caliper is in a fixed scale and ratio which

will give us a more definite measurement.

Density of some solid materials can be determined by the ratio of mass

and volume and it is applicable to regularly- shaped objects. Irregularly- shaped

objects’ volume can be determined by water- displacement method. Then

afterwards, it is where we divide the mass of the object.

IX. APPLICATION

1. As students, we used to mixed either chemicals or certain objects in

the laboratory. We are required to have an accurate measurement of

those objects in order to obtain success, we must be skillful in using

measuring devices and as well as the familiarization of formulas.

2. We all know that density of materials or chemicals is constant. We

have a particular density for gold, bronze, aluminum, etc. with these

ideas and knowledge, we will know the proportionality of making alloys

because aside from boiling point, densities must considering. Not only

in alloys but also in other chemicals, we’ll be able to know which

substance will float or sink when combine.

 3. In factories, it is very important to know the weights of the object.

Because products have corresponding vehicles used. This is denoted

by the terms “net content”. If mass is not increased accurately,

therefore it would be hard to look for a corresponding vehicle.

X. REFLECTION