The Surgical Most List The most common... Urological ...cause of acute prostatitis is E. coli. ...

reason to get treatment for BPH is symptomatic relief. ...location for prostate CA is in the peripheral zone of the prostate gland. ...(and best) diagnostic imaging technique for prostate CA is TRUS ...renal anomaly is horseshoe kidney. ...renal inflammatory disorder is pyelonephritis ...renal tumor is renal cell carcinoma ...source of renal neoplasm is metastasis. ...cause of penetrating bladder injuries are GSW, stabbing, and possibly MVAs ...surgery performed on males is circumcision ...solid malignancy in males age 18-35 is testicular cancer. ...cause of erectile dysfunction is vasogenic Anesthesia ...complication of spinal anesthesia is posture-related headache one day after a nesthesia, probably secondary to CSF leakage. ...indication for nasogastric tube placement is gastric decompression Gastrointestinal ...motility disorder of the esophagus is achalasia ...site of peptic ulcer disease is the first part of the duodenum ...reason for recurrent post-operative ulcer disease is inadequate vagotomy. ...cause of surgical abdomen is acute appendicitis. ...causes of appendix obstruction in the young is mesenteric lymphadenitis or ly mphoid hyperplasia ...causes of appendix obstruction in older patients is fecolith and foreign body . ...tumor of the appendix is carcinoid. ...benign tumor of the small bowel is leiomyoma. ...primary tumor of the small bowel adenocarcinoma. ...malignant tumors of the small bowel is adenocarcinoma, carcinoid, and lymphom a. ...small bowel malignancy of children is lymphoma. ...surgical condition of the small bowel is obstruction secondary to adhesions ...anaerobe in the colon is Bacteriodes fragilis ...site for metastases from the colon is the liver. ...location of colonic obstruction is the sigmoid colon. ...cause of colonic obstruction is adenocarcinoma. ...site of vovulus is the sigmoid colon. ...site of bile duct carcinoma is the bifurcation of the common hepatic ducts. ...causes of acute pancreatitis are alcohol consumption and biliary calculi. ...causes of death in a patient with pancreatitis are respiratory distress, card iovascular collapse, coagulopathy and hemorrhage. ...local complications of acute pancreatitis are paralytic ileus, sterile peripa ncreatic fluid collection, and pancreatic abcess. ...site of pancreatic cancer is the head of the pancreas Ophthalmology ...refractive surgery is radial keratotomy. ...type of glaucoma is chronic open-angle glaucoma. ...glaucoma-related surgical procedure is trabeculectomy. ...cause of blindness in the developed world is proliferative diabetic retinopat hy. ...etiology of visual loss in patients with diabetes mellitus is macular edema. ...cause of eye malposition is lagopthalmos secondary to eyelid retraction, prop tosis, and CN VII palsy. ...cause of proptosis in children is periocular infection ...cause of proptosis in adults is Grave's Disease. ...cause of red eye is conjunctivitis. ...cause of ocular venous occlusion is glaucoma.

...tissue transplant is corneal ...reason for corneal treatment: pseudophakic bullous keratopathy Orthopedics ...location of hip fracture is at the femoral neck and intertrochanter. ...sprained ligament is the anterior talofibular ligament. ...foci of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis are the metaphases of long bones sec ondary to turbulent flow. ...variety of osteoporosis is the involutional type, often seen in post-menopaus al women. ...musculoskeletal morbidity in the elderly is osteoarthritis. The most moveable joint is the genohumoral joint. The strongest bone segment is the femoral shaft. ENT ...cause of otitis externa pseudomonas ...benign lesion of the ear is actinic keratosis ...congenital external ear malformation is lop ear (absence of cartilage). ...causative organisms of otitis media are H. influenzae and Strep. pneumoniae. ...cause of trauma to the middle ear is foreign object insertion. ...tumor is benign acoustic neuroma. ...cause of vertigo is vestibular neuritis. ...site of epistaxis is Kiesselbach's plexus (in nasal septum). ...location of epistaxis in children is anterior, often traumatic. ...location of epistaxis in adults is posterior, secondary to system causes such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. ...tumor of the paranasal sinuses is osteoma ...infectious disease in humans is acute viral rhinitis ...non-infectious cause of rhinitis is allergic (about 20% of population). ...medical cause of rhinitis is decongestant abuse ...orbital infection is acute ethmoidal sinusitis ...fungal infection of the oral cavity is moniliasis. ...benign neoplasm of the oral cavity and pharynx is squamous papilloma. ...malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity and pharyn is squamous cell carcinoma. ...benign neoplasm of the parotid gland in children is hemangioma ...malignant neoplasm of the parotid gland is mucoepidermoid carcinoma ...malignant neoplasm of salivary glands (except parotid) is adenocystic carcino ma. ...cause of infant stridor is laryngomalacia ...inflammatory condition of the larynx in adults is acute laryngitis. ...benign tumor of the larynx in children is squamous papilloma ...malignant tumor of the larynx is squamous cell carcinoma ...etiologies of neck masses in children are congenital and inflammatory. ...etiology of neck masses in adults is neoplasm. ...benign neck tumors are lipoma and neurogenic tumors (schwannoma, neurofibroma ). ...malignant lateral neck masses in children are lymphoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. The cricoarytenoid muscles are the only ones that ABduct the vocal cords. Miscellaneous ...suture is over and over. ...cause of hypercalcemia in a surgical patient is primary and secondary hyperpa rathyroidism and metastatic bone disease. ...cause of hypermagnesiumemia secondary to renal failure. ...NSAID that decreases platelet function is aspirin. ...cause of hypovolemic shock is hemorrhage. ...toe problem is ingrown toe nails. ...cause of death in children and adults less than 35 years of age is trauma. ...cause of immediate death after an MVA or fall from height is aortic rupture. ...injury to the thoracic cage is a rib fracture. ...hernia in both sexes and all age groups is bilateral inguinal hernia. ...causes of true aneurysm are acquired atherosclerosis, congenital fibromuscula r dysplasia (Marfans)

ANEURYSM: MC cause of aortic aneurysm: atherosclerosis MC cause of ascending aorta aneurysm: cystic medial necrosis MC cause of descending aorta aneurysm: atherosclerosis MC cause of aortic arch aneurysm: atherosclerosis Syphilitic aneurysm affects: ascending aorta ...cause of spontaneous, bloody unilateral nipple discharge is intraductal papil loma. ...variety of thyroid carcinoma is papillary. ...cause of hypercalcemia is hyperparathyroidism -most common tumor associated with radiation are.... 1.Acute leukemia (most common) 2.Papillary- carcinonia of the thyroid 3.O steogenic sarcoma ...cause of presinusoidal portal hypertension is schistosomiasis. ...appliance for compression of bleeding esophageal varices ais the Sengstaken-B lakemore tube. ...cause of secondary hypersplenism is portal hypertension. ...type of primary liver cancer is hepatoma. ...benign liver tumor is a hemangioma ...malignant liver tumor is a hemangiobalstoma ...indication for splenectomy is splenic injury. ...cause of spontaneous splenic rupture is malaria (next most common is mononucl eosis). ...hemolytic anemia to respond to splenectomy is congenital hereditary spherocyt osis. ...indication for aortic/bifemoral bypass graft is for bilateral iliac obstructi on ...cause of renovascular hypertension in children is fibromuscular dysplasia. ...site of embolic occlusion is the femoral artery. ...malignant tumor in the US is skin cancer. ...benign type of melanoma is superficial lentigo malignant melanoma ...single agent treatment of melanoma is DTIC ...drugs for PCA are morphine sulfate and meperidine. ...variant of Hodgkins disease is nodular sclerosing The variant of Hodgkins Disease with the best prognosis is lymphocyte predominan t The variant of Hodgkins Diease with the worst prognosis is lymphocyte depleted Most common cause of morbidity and mortality in patient undergoing major vasculr surgery is CARDIAC COMPLICATIONS.... Most common cause of sporadic viral encephalitis is HSV-1 Most common cause of viral meningitis or aseptic meningitis is ENTERO VIRUS MOST COMMON CAUSE OF EPIDEMIC OF VIRAL MENINGITIS IS ARBOVIRUSES Most common cause of neonatal sepsis in hospitals in India is KLEBSIELLA The MOST COMMON abnormal opthalmoscopic findings on fundoscopy in AIDS pt r COTT ON WOOL SPOTS..... MOST C/M severe ocular complication of AIDS is CMV RETINITIS..... MOST C/M cause of NOSOCOMIAL inf is STAPH. AUREUS....... MOST C/M cause of TRAVELLER'S DIARROHEA is ENTEROTOXIGENIC E.COLI MOST C/M sinusitis in children is ETHMOIDAL...... MOST C/M sinusitis in adults is MAXILLARY.....

MOST C/M Site of ca tongue is MIDDLE OF LATERAL BORDER or VENTRAL ASPECT of tong ue.... MOST C/M MALIGNANT TU of adult males in india-ORAL CANCER MOST C/M MALIGNANT TU of adult males in WORLD IS-LUNG CA MOST C/M MALIGNANT TU of female in india is - CA CERVIX MOST C/M MALIGNANT TU OF female in WORLD IS -CA BREAST MOST C/M organism for ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA IN ANY AGE GROUP ID- STREPT PNEUMONIAE> H.INFLUENZA>M.CATARRHALIS......... Most common indication for splenectomy is splenic trauma.... Most common cause of cholangitis is CBD stone.... Most common cause of pancreatitis is gall stone.... Most common cause of pancreatic pseudocyst is pancreatitis...... mc c/c myeloproliferative d/s --Polycythemia vera mc cause of stroke -- Embolism mc of RBC enzyme def. -- G6PD def. mc variant of HL in INDIA -- Mixed cellulatity Mc urinary fistula-VESICOVAGINAL Mc cause of VESICOVAGINAL FISTULA in india- Obs tructed labour Mc side effect of IUCD- BLEEDING 2ND MC side effect is PAIN Mc site of ENDOMETRIOSIS is Ovary ..2nd mc site is POUCH OF DOUGLAS Mc cause of Post menopausal bleeding in DEVELOPED COUNTRIES is -CA ENDOMETRIUM.. . Mc cause of post menopausal bleeding in DEVELOPING COUNTRIES(INDIA) is- CA CER VIX Mc site of genital TB-FALLOPIAN TUBE.. Mc symptom of genital TB is INFERTILITY Most common lobe involved in BPH is MEDIAN.... Mc long term complication of TURP IS RETROGRADE EJACULATION MOST COMMON ORGANISMS MENINGITIS: NEONATAL--GROUP B STREPTOCOCCUS CHILDREN--NEISSERIA(MENINGOCOCCUS) ADULTS--E.COLI PNEUMONIA :NEONATES &CHILDREN--GROUP B STREPTOCOCCI ADULTS--STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIA NOSOCOMIAL-GRAM -VE BACILLI ICU--PSEUDOMONAS SEPSIS : EARLY ONSET-GROUP B STREPTOCOCCUS LATE ONSET--COAGULASE NEGATIVE STAPHYLOCOCCI ENDOCARDITIS : PROSTHETIC VALVE - STAPH AUREUS,CANDIDA NATIVE VALVE-STAPH AUREUS IV DRUG ABUSERS--STAPH AUREUS