・

佛教研究・

论中晚唐佛道教与民间祠祀的合流

雷 　闻

提 　要 : 佛 、道二教与民间祠祀一方面有着激烈的斗争 , 另一方面 , 它们本身在中晚

唐也逐步走向世俗化 , 并与民间祠祀在许多方面都有着合流的迹象 。首先 , 一些佛 、道教
神明开始有自己独立的祠庙 ; 其次 , 寺观的功能渐与民间神祠混同 , 成为祈祷祭祀之所 ,
人们在与佛教神灵打交道时 , 适用的仍是人神互惠的原则 。再次 , 在国家祭祀体系中 ,
佛 、道二教与民间神祠的地位也开始逐步接近 。这种变化从唐代开始 , 到北宋时期初步完
成。
雷闻 , 男 , 1972 年出生 , 2002 年 7 月毕业于北京大学历史系 , 获博士学位 。
主题词 : 中晚唐 　佛教 　道教 　民间祠祀

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 EXTRACTS IN ENGL IA H
( Translated by Luo Tongbing)

The value of Taoist poems as historical materials

Liu Wengang
　　Taoist poems are important historical materials for t heir wide extents and genuineness , such as t he poems
about Taoists’lives , t houghts , feelings and cultivation. Some are very valuable for t heir uniqueness. In searching
and adopting Taoist poems , one should strengt hen t he understanding about t he concerning backgrounds and im2
plications of t he poems , and bring it out best wit h ot her materials in each ot her.

Lu Xun’ s Perspective on Taoist culture :“China is

totally rooted in Taoism”
L üYouyun

In L u Xun’s view , Taoism is t he most important component of Chinese tradition and t hus indispensable to
t he understanding of Chinese society and culture. Embodying t he molder , negative , ignorant and unenlightened
aspects of Chinese culture , Taoism has long imposed negative impacts on Chinese et hos , psychology and belief . ”
China is totally rooted in Taoism”is a negative expression of L u Xun’s Perspective on Taoist culture.

The confluence of Buddhism and Taoism with

the f olk cults in late Tang
Lei Wen
　　Alt hough struggling drastically wit h folk cults , Buddhism and Taoism showed evidence of confluence wit h
t he folk cults during t heir secularization in late Tang. Some Buddhist and Taoist deities began to get independent
temples. Some temples merged in functions wit h folk shrines and became t he sites where people made offerings or
prayers to deities wit h t he exchange principle of mutual - benefit between man and Buddhist gods. In t he state
ritual system , Buddhism and Taoism got close to folk cults in position. The change strated from Tang and pre2
liminarilycompleted in Song.

To bel ieve f or ” use”or to bel ieve f or ”fa ith”: with

scholar - bureaucrat’ s rel igious bel ief in late Qing as examaple
Huang Lingjun
　　From t he change of scholar - bureaucrat’s religious belief in late Qing , we find t hat emp hasis on t he uses of
religion and neglect in t he trut h of religion necessarily tampers t he steadiness of fait h.

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