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PopuIation, 2001
(5tateslUnion Territories)
PopuIation
1, 00,00,000 ahd below
1, 00,00,001 - 2, 50,00,000
2, 50,00,001 - 5, 00,00,000
5, 00,00,001 - 10, 00,00,000
10, 00,00,001 ahd above
Jammu & Kashmir
1,01,43,700
Punjab
2,43,58,999
Pajaslhan
5,65,07,188
Cujaral
5,06,71,017
Maharashlra
9,68,78,627
Coa
13,47,668
Karnalaka
5,28,50,562
Kerala
3,18,41,374
Tamil Nadu
6,24,05,679
Andhra Pradesh
7,62,10,007
Chhallisgarh
2,08,33,803
Orissa
3,68,04,660
Tripura
31,99,203
Jharkhand
2,69,45,829
(P)Puducherry
9,74,345
(P)
(P)
(P)
Lakshadweep
60,650
Andaman & Nicobar lslands
3,56,152
lndira Poinl
8arren l.
(lndia)
Narcondam l.
(lndia)
Daman & Diu
1,58,204
Himachal Pradesh
60,77,900
Chandigarh
9,00,635
Ullarakhand
84,89,349
Haryana
2,11,44,564
Ullar Pradesh
16,61,97,921
Dadra & Nagar Haveli
2,20,490
Wesl 8engal
8,01,76,197
Madhya Pradesh
6,03,48,023
Sikkim
5,40,851
8ihar
8,29,98,509
NCT ol Delhi
1,38,50,507
Meghalaya
23,18,822
Assam
2,66,55,528
Mizoram
8,88,573
Manipur
22,93,896
Nagaland
19,90,036
0 100 500 50
KilomeIres
5ize, Grovth ate and Distribution o! PopuIation
PROVISIONAL POPULA1ION 1O1ALS - INDIA 37
Map 5
PopuIation, 2011 (5tateslUnion Territories)
1, 00,00,000 ahd below
1, 00,00,001 - 2, 50,00,000
2, 50,00,001 - 5, 00,00,000
5, 00,00,001 - 10, 00,00,000
10, 00,00,001 ahd above
Arunachal Pradesh
13,82,611
PopuIation, 2011
(5tateslUnion Territories)
PopuIation
Jammu & Kashmir
1,25,48,926
Punjab
2,77,04,236
Pajaslhan
6,86,21,012
Cujaral
6,03,83,628
Maharashlra
11,23,72,972
Coa
14,57,723
Karnalaka
6,11,30,704
Kerala
3,33,87,677
Tamil Nadu
7,21,38,958
Andhra Pradesh
8,46,65,533
Chhallisgarh
2,55,40,196
Orissa
4,19,47,358
Tripura
36,71,032
Jharkhand
3,29,66,238
(P)Puducherry
12,44,464
(P)
(P)
(P)
Lakshadweep
64,429
Andaman & Nicobar lslands
3,79,944
lndira Poinl
8arren l.
(lndia)
Narcondam l.
(lndia)
Daman & Diu
2,42,911
Himachal Pradesh
68,56,509
Chandigarh
10,54,686
Ullarakhand
1,01,16,752
Haryana
2,53,53,081
Ullar Pradesh
19,95,81,477
Dadra & Nagar Haveli
3,42,853
Wesl 8engal
9,13,47,736
Madhya Pradesh
7,25,97,565
Sikkim
6,07,688
8ihar
10,38,04,637
NCT ol Delhi
1,67,53,235
Meghalaya
29,64,007
Assam
3,11,69,272
Mizoram
10,91,014
Manipur
27,21,756
Nagaland
19,80,602
0 100 500 50
KilomeIres
38
3
Size, Crowlh Rale aud
0islribuliou o Populaliou
ABSOLUTE NUMBERS
population totals of Census 2011, is 1,210,193,422 compared to a total
of 1,028,737,436 in 2001
1
. In absolute terms, the population of India has
addition to the population during the decade 2001-2011 is slightly lower than
INDIA IN WORLD POPULATION
2
relative share in the global population is shown in Figure 1. Population of these
10 countries have all grown over the last decade, except in Russian Federation,
which has declined. At present, these ten countries account for nearly three-
India and USA, together account for four of every ten persons of the world.
At present, a little more than one out of every six persons in the world is from
India.
NoIes
1 For comparabiliIy wiIh earlier
resulIs, Ihe 2011 ahd 2001
IoIals ihclude esIimaIed
populaIioh o! Purul, Pao MaIa
ahd Mao Marah sub-divisiohs
o! SehapaIi disIricI o! Mahipur.
Source
2 PopulaIioh Divisioh o! Ihe
DeparImehI o! Lcohomic ahd
Social A!!airs o! Ihe UhiIed
NaIiohs SecreIariaI, World
PopulaIioh ProspecIs: 1he 2008
Revisioh.
Figure 1
India in WorId PopuIation
1he popuIation of India has
increased by more than 181
miIIion during the decade
2001-2011. 1he absoIute
addition is sIightIy Iower
than the popuIation of 8raziI,
country in the worId!
1he popuIation of India, at
1210.2 miIIion, is aImost
equaI to the combined
popuIation of u.S.A.,
Indonesia, 8raziI, Pakistan,
8angIadesh and Japan put
together- the popuIation of
these six countries totaIs
1214.3 miIIion!
apau 1.9% u.S.^ 4.5%
Nigeria 2.3% Brazil 2.8%
Russiau |ed 2.0% |udouesia 3.4%
|udia 17.5% 0lher
Couulries
41.2%
Chiua 19.4%
Baugladesh 2.4% Pakislau 2.7%
5ize, Grovth ate and Distribution o! PopuIation
PROVISIONAL POPULA1ION 1O1ALS - INDIA 39
world and China, the country with the largest population in the world has
narrowed from 238 million in 2001 to nearly 131 million in 2011. On the other
hand, the gap between India and the United States of America, which has
the third largest population, has now widened to about 902 million from 741
million in 2001. In 1930, China with 22 percent share of the world population
was the world's most populous country, followed by India, which had a share
population of U.S.A., Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Japan put
together- the population of these six countries totals 1214.3 million!
A point that is striking is that while India accounts for a meagre 2.4 percent of
the world surface area of 133.79 million square kms, it supports and sustains
a whopping 17.3 percent of the world population. In contrast, the USA
accounts for 7.2 percent of the surface area with only 4.3 percent of the world
population. As such, among the ten most populous countries of the world, only
Bangladesh has a higher population density compared to India
9
.
rate of 1.23 percent during 2000-2010. China registered a much lower annual
growth rate of population (0.33 percent) during 2000-2010, as compared to
India (1.64 percent during 2001-2011). In fact, the growth rate of China is
now third lowest among the ten most populous countries, behind Russian
Federation and Japan and it is substantially lower than the USA (0.7 percent).
SIaIemehI 1
PopuIation o! seIected countries
NoIes
1. For Chiha
3
, USA
4
, Ihdohesia
5
, 8razil
6
ahd 1apah
7
, populaIioh are
Ihe populaIioh o! 1apah be!ore ad|usImehI has beeh cohsidered.
2. Source !or oIher couhIries: World PopulaIioh ProspecIs
8
: 2008 updaIed
ih May 2010 by UhiIed NaIiohs PopulaIioh Divisioh. 1he esIimaIes are
medium VariahI.
3. 1he percehI decadal chahges !or Chiha, Ihdohesia ahd 8razil have
beeh ad|usIed Io Iake care o! Ihe chahge ih re!erehce daIes o! Iwo
cohsecuIive cehsuses o! 2000 ahd 2010.
Sources
3 hIIp://www.sIaIs.gov.ch/
ehglish/hewsahdcomihgevehIs/
I20110228_402705764.hIm
paragraph XI, accessed oh 14Ih
March 2011
4 hIIp://www.cehsus.gov/
populaIioh.
5 hIIp://dds.bps.go.id/
ehg/Iab_sub/view.
php?Iabel=1&da!Iar=1&id_
subyek=12&hoIab=1 accessed
oh 23rd March 2011.
6 hIIp://www.ibge.gov.br/
cehso2010/primeiros_dados_
divulgados/ihdex.php?u!=00
accessed oh 9Ih March 2011.
7 hIIp://www.sIaI.go.|p/ehglish/
daIa/kokusei/ihdex.hIm
accessed oh 17Ih March 2011.
8 PopulaIioh Divisioh o! Ihe
DeparImehI o! Lcohomic ahd
Social A!!airs o! Ihe UhiIed
NaIiohs SecreIariaI, World
PopulaIioh ProspecIs: 1he 2008
Revisioh, hIIp://esa.uh.org/
UNPP/p2k0daIa.asp accessed
oh 17Ih March 2011
9 Ibid.
SI. Nc Ccuntry keference date FcpuIaticn
(In miIIicns)
ecadaI change
(in %)
1 Chiua 01.11.2010 1,341.0 S.43
2 |udia 01.03 2011 1,210.2 17.64
3 u.S.^ 01.04.2010 308.7 7.26
4 |udouesia 31.0S.2010 237.6 1S.0S
S Brazil 01.08.2010 190.7 9.39
6 Pakislau 01.07.2010 184.8 24.78
7 Baugladesh 01.07.2010 164.4 16.76
8 Nigeria 01.07.2010 1S8.3 26.84
9 Russiau |ed. 01.07.2010 140.4 4.29
10 apau 01.10.2010 128.1 1.1
0lher Couulries 01.07.2010 2844.7 1S.43
world 01.07.2010 6908.7 12.97
40
Sources
10 World PopulaIioh ProspecIs:
1he 2008 Revisioh, hIIp://esa.
uh.org/uhpp accessed oh 8Ih
March 2011.
11 PopulaIioh Re!erehce
8ureau, 1rahsiIioh ih
world populaIioh, hIIp://
www.prb.org/PublicaIiohs/
PopulaIioh8ulleIihs/2004/
sihWorldPopulaIiohPDF249K8.
aspx pp6
growth in China, it is now estimated that by 2030, India will most likely
overtake China to become the most populous country on the earth with 17.9
percent population living here
10
.
World population was transformed in the 20th century as technological and
social changes brought steep declines in birth rates and death rates around the
by this population growth may carry the world population past 7 billion by
2013. It is almost certain that nearly all future population growth will occur in
the developing regions of the world. Urban areas in these regions will absorb
most of the additional people
11
.
Figure 2
PopuIation grovth rate, India and seIected Countries. 2000-2010
0 S0
1.00
1.S0
2.00
2.S0
world ^verage
1.00
0.S0
0.00
0.S0
Data shows that the poor tend to have larger families
12
. In the developing
countries, a youth bulge" ensures that the absolute number of births will
rise even as couples are having fewer children. At the other extreme, most
Stagnant growth or even population decline is challenging more countries as
fewer workers must support expanding pension and social security systems for
to address these and other issues over the last half-century. In developing
countries, policies include support for family planning and reproductive health
the number of children they want. In developed countries, particularly Japan
and parts of Europe, Governments have implemented policies to promote
gender equality in the workplace and ease the burden of childrearing-all to
Source
12 1ahsahkhya SIhiraIa Kosh,
(NaIiohal PopulaIioh
SIabilisaIioh Fuhd), PoverIy
ahd PopulaIioh, hIIp://
www.|sk.gov.ih/poverIy_ahd_
populaIioh.asp accessed oh
17Ih March 2011.
5ize, Grovth ate and Distribution o! PopuIation
PROVISIONAL POPULA1ION 1O1ALS - INDIA 41
SIaIemehI 2
PopuIation and its grovth, India . 1901-2011
AbscIute Fercent AbscIute Fercent
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
7 2 3 , 6 9 , 3 8 , 3 2 1 0 9 1
1911 2S,20,93,390 1,36,97,063 S.7S 0.S6 S.7S
1921 2S,13,21,213 7,72,177 (0.31) 14469240 6.0S 0.03 S.42
1931 27,89,77,238 2,76,S6,02S 11.00 28428202 11.31 1.04 17.02
1941 31,86,60,S80 3,96,83,342 14.22 12027317 3.22 1.33 33.67
19S1
1
36,10,88,090 4,24,27,S10 13.31 2744168 0.91 1.2S S1.47
1961
1
43,92,34,771 7,81,46,681 21.64 3S719171 8.33 1.96 84.2S
1971 S4,81,S9,6S2 10,89,24,881 24.80 30778200 3.16 2.20 129.94
1981
2
68,33,29,097 13,S1,69,44S 24.66 26244S64 0.14 2.22 186.64
1991
3
84,64,21,039 16,30,91,942 23.87 2,79,22,497 17.12 2.16 2SS.0S
2001
4
1,02,87,37,436 18,23,16,397 21.S4 1,92,24,4SS 10.S4 1.97 331.S2
2011
S
6
6
1,21,01,93,422 18,14,SS,986 17.64 8,60,411 0.47 1.64 407.64
ecadaI grcwth Change in decadaI
grcwth
Average annuaI
expcnentiaI
grcwth rate
(percent)
Frcgressive grcwth
rate cver 1901
(percent)
FcpuIaticn Census
ears
(with the exception of 1911-
1921) which has actuaIIy
added Iesser popuIation
compared to the previous
decade.
trends-such as the economy, education, gender relations, and access to family
planning-are numerous and complex, and public policies and programs to
in childbearing trends today have huge implications for future population
size.
13
POPULATION GROWTH: INDIA 1901 TO 2011
one hundred and ten years to reach 1210 million in 2011. Interestingly, the
century, while in the later half it recorded a phenomenal three-fold increase.
Statement 2 presents the population of India as recorded in each decadal
Census since 1901. Some other indicators of growth rate such as decadal
growth rate, change in decadal growth, average annual exponential growth
rate and progressive growth rate over 1901 during each decade have also been
presented in this statement. Figure 3 shows the decadal growth of population
for India during 1901-2011.
Source
13 PopulaIioh Re!erehce
8ureau, 1rahsiIioh ih
world populaIioh, hIIp://
www.prb.org/PublicaIiohs/
PopulaIioh8ulleIihs/2004/
sihWorldPopulaIiohPDF249K8.
aspx, pp 4
NoIes
1. Ih workihg ouI'Decadal GrowIh' ahd 'PercehIage Decadal GrowIh'
For Ihdia 1941-51 ahd 1951 -61 Ihe populaIioh o! 1uehsahg disIricI !or
1951 (7,025) ahd Ihe populaIioh o! 1uehsahg (83,501) ahd Moh (5,774)
disIricIs !or 1961 Cehsus o! Nagalahd sIaIe have hoI beeh Iakeh ihIo
same are hoI comparable.
2. 1he 1981 Cehsus could hoI be held owihg Io disIurbed cohdiIiohs
Assam have beeh worked ouI by 'ihIerpolaIioh.
3. 1he 1991 Cehsus could hoI be held owihg Io disIurbed cohdiIiohs
!or 1991 Cehsus o! 1ammu ahd Kashmir have beeh worked ouI by
'ihIerpolaIioh.'
4. Ihcludes esIimaIed populaIioh o! PaomaIa, Mao Maram ahd Purul sub-
divisiohs o! SehapaIi DisIricI o! Mahipur !or 2001.
5. Ihcludes esIimaIed populaIioh o! PaomaIa, Mao Maram ahd Purul sub-
divisiohs o! SehapaIi DisIricI o! Mahipur !or 2011.
6. 1he percehIage decadal growIh showh ih columh 4 o! SIaIemehI 2
ihdicaIes a declihe !rom 24.80 percehI durihg Ihe decade 1961-71 Io
24.66 percehI durihg Ihe decade 1971-81, while Ihe average ahhual
expohehIial growIh raIe presehIed ih columh 7 o! Ihis sIaIemehI
shows ah ihcrease !rom 2.20 Io 2.22. 1his is because Ihe percehI
decadal variaIioh has hoI beeh ad|usIed !or Ihe shi!I ih re!erehce daIa
ih 1971. 1he decadal variaIioh !or 1961-71 relaIes Io 121 mohIhs while
IhaI 1971-81 relaIes Io 119 mohIhs. I! we ad|usI !or Ihis di!!erehce, Ihe
percehIage decadal growIh works ouI Io 24.59 percehI !or 1961-71 ahd
24.87 percehI !or Ihe decade 1971-81.
42
Map 6
Grovth o! PopuIation, 1991-2001 (5tateslUnion Territories)
Arunachal Pradesh
27.0
Grovth o! PopuIation,1991-2001
(5tateslUnion Territories)
Grovth o! PopuIation (in %)
10 15 20 25 0
NaIiohal Average : 21.5
Jammu & Kashmir
29.4
Punjab
20.1
Pajaslhan
28.4
Cujaral
22.7
Maharashlra
22.7
Coa
15.2
Karnalaka
17.5
Kerala
9.4
Tamil Nadu
11.7
Andhra Pradesh
14.6
Chhallisgarh
18.3
Orissa
16.3
Tripura
16.0 Jharkhand
23.4
(P)Puducherry
20.6
(P)
(P)
(P)
Lakshadweep
17.3
Andaman & Nicobar lslands
26.9
lndira Poinl
8arren l.
(lndia)
Narcondam l.
(lndia)
Daman & Diu
55.7
Himachal Pradesh
17.5
Chandigarh
40.3
Ullarakhand
20.4
Haryana
28.4
Ullar Pradesh
25.9
Dadra & Nagar Haveli
59.2
Wesl 8engal
17.8
Madhya Pradesh
24.3
Sikkim
33.1
8ihar
28.6
NCT ol Delhi
47.0
Meghalaya
30.7
Assam
18.9
Mizoram
28.8
Manipur
24.9
Nagaland
64.5
0 100 500 50
KilomeIres
5ize, Grovth ate and Distribution o! PopuIation
PROVISIONAL POPULA1ION 1O1ALS - INDIA 43
Map 7
Grovth o! PopuIation, 2001-2011 (5tateslUnion Territories)
Arunachal Pradesh
25.9