GLOBALISASI DAN AKIBATNYA TERHADAP KEGIATAN SEKTOR JASA

Oleh: Prof. Dr. Drodjatun Kuntjorojakti

Services:
1. Experimental and intangible/invisible 2. Simultaneous (real time, face-to-face delivery) 3. Location specific 4. Cannot be stored

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Add value to other processes Adding intelligent value

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Without services there could be no functioning economy!

Centrality in any economy

Inbound flow

Outbound flow

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Services account of BOP

Services
A. Traded Services 1. Trade Consumer Example : Tourism health 2. Trade Business

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Most dynamic Sector !

2. Facilitational Support

B. Facilitative services
1. Facilitational Logistic

Example : Legal financial

Example : transporta tion

Example : Banking trade

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Accounting (Profesional Services)

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Technology intensive Knowledge intensive # Skills # expertise Increasingly exposed to international dimension Capacity Efficiency Competitive

s.t. technological and social innovation

Accounting Like :
# # # Advertising Consulting Computer services

Professional services
Accounting, auditing, tax related management consulting Include: # Computer system for business transaction processing # Provision of information to management

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Rely heavily on # Skill # talent
Of key individuals and rain makers

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1. HRD problem 2. Ideas processes combined with technology + remote delivery

Trend perubahan jangka panjang, abad ke-21: Globalisasi

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intensifikasi daripada interdependencies

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saling ketergantungan di antara: # Ekonomi # Industri # Perusahaan Paradigma shift !

Menuju ke: keterbukaan (global openness)

Indikator makro : X+M Y

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Dimungkinkan karena ekonomi dunia menjadi : # Bonderless # Tidak tergantung waktu (via telecom, wireless, paperless)

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ketergantungan ekonomi kepada: # International trade meningkat # International finance meningkat # International ervices meningkat

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Paradigma shift

Triple T Revolution
& Transportation " role of distance ! " transportation cost " location decline! & Telekom " time ! " telecom cost % & Travel " global awareness " travel cost

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Awareness of changes

4a
Alternatives opportunities choices

# Challenges # Threats # dangers

Choices of :
# # # # # Goods Services Money (currency) Capital Information knowledge knowhow technology

Semakin banyak jumlah dan variasinya at all levels of economics and social activiteies

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User Consumer loyalty !

4b

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Penyebab Globalisasi

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Triple T Revolution containerisation, ' Trucks, train, ships, cargo plane, air and seaports, software dev. & Global door-to-door, multi modal through-freight system

T1 Transportation "

T2 Telecomunication "

digitalisation ' stelite, optic fibre, computer & global person-to-person, integrated services digital network (ISDN)

T3 Travel/tourism "

mass travel, ' jumbo jets, aiports & long haul direct mass travel

& Transportation / freihgt cost turun & Communication / information cost turun & Travel cost turun

& Globalisasi

" mega competition !

! "prices turun (world inflation turun) " profit margin turun "
requirement meningkat for : productivity efficiency delivery quality

" just in time (JIT/Kanban) " total quality control (kaizen TQC), TQM

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zero deffect
Processing (TQC, TQM) ZD
Output delivery

Mobilization of resources and factors JIT

LAKU KERAS

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DANA

& Megacompetition Menuntut perusahaan untuk sadar lingkungan o Operational o Industrial o External

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Menuntut : Informatin intensive Knowledge intensive activities

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Menuntut motivasi & partisipasi manpower (workers and managers) yang committed to : deliver the best, customised, on time Every time! at : competitive price

Globalisasi

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Pendorong baru strata menengah (bukan middle class) information haves

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& Basisnya: Profesionalisme Urban area Modern sectors Close interface between: - business - academia

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California style of life spending behaviour