A Comparative Study of WiMAX & LTE

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF WiMAX AND LTE
Seminar Presentation By Hanie Salim B080021ec B.Tech Electronics and Communication Engineering ,NIT Calicut
Importance

Mobile device and mobile networks are more popular More data required People want to access internet from anywhere Services like IPTV increase the need for high data rates As demand increased, current telecommunication networks reach their limits Solution-next generation networks like WiMAX and LTE
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Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicut
An overview of current telecommunication networks
Figure taken Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicutfrom
www.dailywireless.org
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Worldwide interoperability for microwave access
IEEE 802.16d standard in 2004 fixed wireless
internet service Enhanced version IEEE 802.16e in 2006- Mobile wireless access Managed by WiMAX forum for interoperability of different products Supports transfer rates up to 46 Mbps in DL and 4 Mbps in UL
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Supports scalable system bandwidth using time

division duplex(TDD) So it can use 3.5,5,7,8.75 and 10 MHz as BW Supports both TDD and FDD, prefers TDD Maximum coverage is 50 km for fixed usage and 5km for mobile usage Support vehicular speed up to 120 kmph 2 major releases-WiMAX release 1.0 and release 2.0
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Features of WiMAX release 1.0 Access service network(ASN) & Connectivity service network (CSN) mobility for mobility support Paging & location management IPV4 & IPV6 connectivity Pre provisioned / static QoS Optional radio resource management(RRM) Network discovery/selection Roaming (RADIUS only) 3gpp WLAN compatible internetworking
6 Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicut
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WiMAX release 1.5 features: Over the Air (OTA) activation & provisioning Location based services (LBS) Multicast broadcast services (MBS) IMS(IP multimedia subsystem) integration Dynamic QoS and policy and charging (PCC) compatible with 3GPP Release 7 Telephony VoIP with emergency call services and lawful interception Full NAP sharing support Diameter-based authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA)
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QoS for WiMAX:

Reservation based access
Use frames, each frame -2
sub frames Duration 2 to 20 ms Flexible ratio for DL/UL
WiMAX frame
8 Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicut Figure source: www.ecee.colarado.edu
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Use OFDMA in DL & UL

OFDMA- multi-user ver. Of OFDM Advantages of OFDMA high spectral efficiency,
efficient implementation using FFT & low sensitivity to time synchronization errors scalable by flexibly adjusting FFT sizes & channel BW with fixed symbol duration and subcarrier spacing Sensitive to frequency sensitive errors
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3 power saving classes- different on-off time

Class 1 - window increase exponentially from
minimum value to maximum Class 2 - fixed sleep window length Class 3 MS know when to expect next packet Security sub layer present under MAC layer Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) Privacy and Key Management protocol (PKM) Encapsulation protocol
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Use MIMO technology to increase transfer rate

2 categories: Open loop MIMO- the transmitters do not need
explicit knowledge of the channels Closed loop MIMO- transmitter forms antenna beams adaptively based on the channel side information (Tx AA)
Logical entities of NRM Access service network(ASN) Connectivity service network (CSN)
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Network reference model for WiMAX

Figure source: www.eetimes.com

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Long term evolution-developed by 3GPP in 2008

LTE standard is officially known as document 3GPP
Release 8 Or 3.9G Supports peak data rates of 100 Mbps in DL & 50 Mbps in UL, using 20 MHz spectrum With MIMO it can reach up to 300Mbps Variable spectrum 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz A cell radius 100 km with slight degradation after 30 km and reach over 200 users per cell (with 5 MHz spectrum)
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Optimized for low speeds 0 - 15 km/h , supports

speeds up to 350 km/h. RTT below 10 ms possible. Use OFDMA in DL & SCFDMA in UL OFDMA - power inefficient, because of high peak-toaverage-power ratio (PAPR) Since DL start from BS no problem, But UL start from MS ,hence SCFDMA (low PAPR)
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Architecture: Two-node architecture - only two nodes are involved between user equipment & core network. The base station (eNodeB) & the serving gateway (SGW) in the user plane and the mobility management entity (MME) in the control plane. LTE architecture is composed of Core Network (CN) and Access Network (AN), where CN corresponds to the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) and AN refers to EUTRAN. The CN and AN together correspond to Evolved Packet System (EPS)
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LTE overall architecture

Figure source: www.wiki.hsc.com

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EPS connects user to Packet data network(PDN)

Functions of MME- CN node signalling for mobility
between 3GPP access networks, S-GW selection, roaming, authentication, bearer management functions and NAS (Non Access Stratum) signalling S-GW terminates the interface towards E-UTRAN. For each user in EPS, at given time, a single S-GW is responsible for transferring user IP packets, lawful interception & mobility anchor for inter eNodeB handover and for inter-3GPP mobility.
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Power-saving mechanisms: turn off the transmitter
when idle.
It uses Discontinued Reception (DRX) & Discontinued
Transmission (DTX).
Security mechanisms : similar to WiMAX
use security keys between transmitter &receiver to
ensure a secure connection . LTE also offers a key derivation protocol, which resets the connection if corrupt keys are detected.
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QoS: Reservation based access Each frame is 10 ms long The 0th and the 5th sub frames are always reserved for DL Other frames can be DL, UL or a switch point This switch point method makes the transmission more dynamic in allocating resources
Figure source: IT pro 2010

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4 x 4 MIMO configuration
Figure source: IT pro 2010

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Comparison
Released in 2005
46 Mbps in DL and up to
Released in 2009
300 Mbps in Dl and 75
4 Mbps in UL Support BW 3.5 MHz to 10 MHz Range up to 50 km, optimized for 1.5 to 5 km Support speed up to 120 km/h
Mbps in the UL Support bigger range of BW 1.4 MHz to 20 MHz Bigger range up to 100 km, optimized for 30 km Support speed up to 350 km/h
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Comparison
Use OFDMA in both DL Use SCFDMA in UL and
and UL Frame is separated into DL and UL sub-frame allocate resources to different users Duplex mode only TDD is commercially available Backward compatibility to 3G/2G not present
OFDMA in DL From 10 sub-frames only 2 are reserved for DL, more dynamic, so they reach smaller delays. Both FDD & TDD Inter radio technology handover possible
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4G Requirements
Both WiMAX & LTE do not meet all 4G requirements
4G specifications, also known as IMT-Advanced:
Max. data rates up to 100 Mbps for mobile access
Max. data rates up to 1 Gbps for fixed access

Flat all-IP architecture
High mobility up to 500 km/h.

scalable channel bandwidth
Solution : LTEs successor, LTE-Advanced and
WiMAX next release WiMAX 2.0.
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Long term evolution advanced, officially known as

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3GPP Release 10 Recognized as IMT A in October 2010 Commercial availability expected from 2014 Peak data rate of 1 Gbps in DL (low mobility) & up to 500Mbps in UL BW extended up to 100 MHz using channel aggregation MIMO to be used in UL also Support 8x8 MIMO
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WiMAX 2.0
WiMAX release 2.0 recognized as IMT in October

2010 IEEE 802.16m standardized in April 2011 Backward compatibility with all 802.16 standards DL rate >300 Mbps, 4x4 @ 20MHZ UL rate >135 Mbps, 2x4 @ 20MHz Support channel BW of 5,10,20,40 MHz Mobility up to 350 km/h
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Technical comparison of LTE and WiMAX
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Figure Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicut
source: www.kuncoro.co.uk
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References
[1] M.Chang, Z. Abichar, and Chau Yun Hsu, Wimax vs. lte:
Who will lead the broadband mobile internet?, IT Professional, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 26 - 32, 2010. [2] Ozgur Oyman , Jeffrey Foerster ,Yong-joo Tcha and SeongChoon Lee , Toward Enhanced Mobile Video Services over WiMAX and LTE, IEEE Communications Magazine ,vol. 48,no.8,pp. 68 76,2010 [3] J. Conti, Lte vs wimax: the battle continues, Engineering Technology, 2010. [4] Leo Yi ,Kai Miao ,Adrian Liu, A comparative study of WiMAX and LTE as the next generation mobile enterprise network, Advanced Communication Technology(ICACT),pp. 654-658,feb 2011.
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A Comparative Study of WiMAX &amp; LTE

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A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF WiMAX AND LTE

Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicut

An overview of current telecommunication networks

Figure taken Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicutfrom

Worldwide interoperability for microwave access

IEEE 802.16d standard in 2004 fixed wireless

Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicut

Supports scalable system bandwidth using time

Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicut

QoS for WiMAX:

Use frames, each frame -2

sub frames Duration 2 to 20 ms Flexible ratio for DL/UL

Use OFDMA in DL & UL

Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicut

3 power saving classes- different on-off time

Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicut

Use MIMO technology to increase transfer rate

Network reference model for WiMAX

Figure source: www.eetimes.com

Long term evolution-developed by 3GPP in 2008

Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicut

Optimized for low speeds 0 - 15 km/h , supports

Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicut

LTE overall architecture

Figure source: www.wiki.hsc.com

EPS connects user to Packet data network(PDN)

Power-saving mechanisms: turn off the transmitter

Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicut

Figure source: IT pro 2010

Figure source: IT pro 2010

Max. data rates up to 1 Gbps for fixed access

High mobility up to 500 km/h.

Solution : LTEs successor, LTE-Advanced and

WiMAX next release WiMAX 2.0.

Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicut

Long term evolution advanced, officially known as

Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicut

Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicut

Technical comparison of LTE and WiMAX

Figure Hanie Salim (B080021EC),NIT calicut

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A Comparative Study of WiMAX & LTE

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