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FAROOQ NAWAZ Senior Oracle Applications DBA, 11i, R12 Oracle 11g,10g,GRID,Apps Server,Data Guard, RAC DBA 0300-5847462

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Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Introduction

Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Lesson Objectives

After completing this lesson, you should be able to do the following: List the features of Oracle10g Discuss the theoretical and physical aspects of a relational database Describe the Oracle implementation of the RDBMS and ORDBMS Understand the goals of the course

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Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Goals of the Course

After completing this course, you should be able to do the following: Identify the major structural components of Oracle Database 10g Retrieve row and column data from tables with the SELECT statement
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Create reports of sorted and restricted data Employ SQL functions to generate and retrieve customized data Run data manipulation language (DML) statements to update data in Oracle Database 10g Obtain metadata by querying the dictionary views
Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Oracle10g

Scalability

One vendor

Reliability

Unified management

Single development model

Common skill sets

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Oracle10g

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Oracle Database 10g

Object relational data

Documents

Multimedia

Messages

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Oracle Application Server 10g

Portals

Transactional applications

Business intelligence

Integration

Application development framework

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Application server

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Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Grid Control

Software provisioning Application service level monitoring

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Relational and Object Relational Database Management Systems

Relational model and object relational model User-defined data types and objects Fully compatible with relational database Support of multimedia and large objects High-quality database server features

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Oracle Internet Platform

Clients

Any browser

Any Any mail client FTP client

Development tools

System management

Internet applications Business logic Presentation and and data business logic Databases Application servers

SQL PL/SQL

Java

Network services

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System Development Life Cycle

Strategy and analysis Design Build and document Transition Production

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System Development Life Cycle

Strategy and analysis Design Build and document Transition Production

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Data Storage on Different Media

Electronic spreadsheet
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Database Filing cabinet

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Relational Database Concept

Dr. E. F. Codd proposed the relational model for database systems in 1970. It is the basis for the relational database management system (RDBMS). The relational model consists of the following:
Collection of objects or relations Set of operators to act on the relations Data integrity for accuracy and consistency

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Definition of a Relational Database

A relational database is a collection of relations or two-dimensional tables.

Oracle server

Table name: EMPLOYEES

Table name: DEPARTMENTS

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Data Models

Model of system in clients mind

Entity model of clients model Table model of entity model Oracle server

Tables on disk
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Entity Relationship Model

Create an entity relationship diagram from business specifications or narratives:

EMPLOYEE #* number * name o job title assigned to DEPARTMENT #* number * name composed of o location

Scenario
. . . Assign one or more employees to a department . . . . . . Some departments do not yet have assigned employees . . .

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Entity Relationship Modeling Conventions

Entity
Singular, unique name Uppercase Soft box Synonym in parentheses

Attribute
Singular name Lowercase Mandatory marked with * Optional marked with o

EMPLOYEE #* number * name o job title

assigned to

DEPARTMENT #* number * name composed of o location

Unique identifier (UID)

Primary marked with # Secondary marked with (#)
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Entity Relationship Modeling Conventions

Entity
Singular, unique name Uppercase Soft box Synonym in parentheses

Attribute
Singular name Lowercase Mandatory marked with * Optional marked with o

EMPLOYEE #* number * name o job title

assigned to

DEPARTMENT #* number * name composed of o location

Unique Identifier (UID)

Primary marked with # Secondary marked with (#)
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Relating Multiple Tables

Each row of data in a table is uniquely identified by a primary key (PK). You can logically relate data from multiple tables using foreign keys (FK).
Table name: DEPARTMENTS

Table name: EMPLOYEES

Primary key
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Foreign key Primary key

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Relational Database Terminology

2 3 4

5 6

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Relational Database Properties

A relational database: Can be accessed and modified by executing structured query language (SQL) statements Contains a collection of tables with no physical pointers Uses a set of operators

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Communicating with an RDBMS Using SQL

SQL statement is entered.
SELECT department_name FROM departments;

Statement is sent to Oracle server.

Oracle server

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Oracles Relational Database Management System

Oracle server

User tables

Data dictionary

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SQL Statements
SELECT INSERT UPDATE DELETE MERGE CREATE ALTER DROP RENAME TRUNCATE COMMENT COMMIT ROLLBACK SAVEPOINT GRANT REVOKE Data manipulation language (DML)

Data definition language (DDL)

Transaction control

Data control language (DCL)

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Tables Used in the Course

EMPLOYEES

DEPARTMENTS
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JOB_GRADES

Summary

Oracle Database 10g is the database for grid computing. The database is based on the object relational database management system. Relational databases are composed of relations, managed by relational operations, and governed by data integrity constraints. With the Oracle server, you can store and manage information by using the SQL language and PL/SQL engine.

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Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.