1nL kLVISLD kULLS CI CkIMINAL kCCLDUkL

(As amended December 1 2000)

kULL 110 rosecut|on of Cffenses
Sect|on 1 lostltotloo of ctlmlool octloos Crlmlnal acLlons
shall be lnsLlLuLed as follows
(a) lor offenses where a prellmlnary lnvesLlgaLlon ls
requlred pursuanL Lo secLlon 1 of 8ule 112 by flllng
Lhe complalnL wlLh Lhe proper offlcer for Lhe
purpose of conducLlng Lhe requlslLe prellmlnary
lnvesLlgaLlon
(b) lor all oLher offenses by flllng Lhe complalnL or
lnformaLlon dlrecLly wlLh Lhe Munlclpal 1rlal CourLs
and Munlclpal ClrculL 1rlal CourLs or Lhe complalnL
wlLh Lhe offlce of Lhe prosecuLor ln Manlla and
oLher charLered clLles Lhe complalnL shall be flled
wlLh Lhe offlce of Lhe prosecuLor unless oLherwlse
provlded ln Lhelr charLers
1he lnsLlLuLlon of Lhe crlmlnal acLlon shall lnLerrupL Lhe
runnlng perlod of prescrlpLlon of Lhe offense charged unless
oLherwlse provlded ln speclal laws (1a)
Sect|on 2 @ complolot ot lofotmotloo 1he complalnL or
lnformaLlon shall be ln wrlLlng ln Lhe name of Lhe eople of
Lhe hlllpplnes and agalnsL all persons who appear Lo be
responslble for Lhe offense lnvolved (2a)
Sect|on 3 complolot JfloJ A complalnL ls a sworn
wrlLLen sLaLemenL charglng a person wlLh an offense
subscrlbed by Lhe offended parLy any peace offlcer or oLher
publlc offlcer charged wlLh Lhe enforcemenL of Lhe law
vlolaLed (3)
Sect|on 4 lofotmotloo JfloJ An lnformaLlon ls an
accusaLlon ln wrlLlng charglng a person wlLh an offense
subscrlbed by Lhe prosecuLor and flled wlLh Lhe courL (4a)
Sect|on S Jo most ptoscot ctlmlool octloos All
crlmlnal acLlons commenced by a complalnL or lnformaLlon
shall be prosecuLed under Lhe dlrecLlon and conLrol of Lhe
prosecuLor Powever ln Munlclpal 1rlal CourLs or Munlclpal
ClrculL 1rlal CourLs when Lhe prosecuLor asslgned LhereLo or
Lo Lhe case ls noL avallable Lhe offended parLy any peace
offlcer or publlc offlcer charged wlLh Lhe enforcemenL of Lhe
law vlolaLed may prosecuLe Lhe case 1hls auLhorlLy cease
upon acLual lnLervenLlon of Lhe prosecuLor or upon elevaLlon
of Lhe case Lo Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal CourL
(@ls 5ctloo wos tpolJ
by AM No 022075c ffctlv Moy 1 2002)

1he crlmes of adulLery and concublnage shall noL be
prosecuLed excepL upon a complalnL flled by Lhe offended
spouse 1he offended parLy cannoL lnsLlLuLe crlmlnal
prosecuLlon wlLhouL lncludlng Lhe gullLy parLles lf boLh allve
nor ln any case lf Lhe offended parLy has consenLed Lo Lhe
offense or pardoned Lhe offenders
1he offenses of seducLlon abducLlon and acLs of
lasclvlousness shall noL be prosecuLed excepL upon a
complalnL flled by Lhe offended parLy or her parenLs
grandparenLs or guardlan nor ln any case lf Lhe offender has
been expressly pardoned by any of Lhem lf Lhe offended
parLy dles or becomes lncapaclLaLed before she can flle Lhe
complalnL and she has no known parenLs grandparenLs or
guardlan Lhe SLaLe shall lnlLlaLe Lhe crlmlnal acLlon ln her
behalf
1he offended parLy even lf a mlnor has Lhe rlghL Lo lnlLlaLe
Lhe prosecuLlon of Lhe offenses of seducLlon abducLlon and
acLs of lasclvlousness lndependenLly of her parenLs
grandparenLs or guardlan unless she ls lncompeLenL or
lncapable of dolng so Where Lhe offended parLy who ls a
mlnor falls Lo flle Lhe complalnL her parenLs grandparenLs
or guardlan may flle Lhe same 1he rlghL Lo flle Lhe acLlon
granLed Lo parenLs grandparenLs or guardlan shall be
excluslve of all oLher persons and shall be exerclsed
successlvely ln Lhe order hereln provlded excepL as sLaLed ln
Lhe precedlng paragraph
no crlmlnal acLlon for defamaLlon whlch conslsLs ln Lhe
lmpuLaLlon of Lhe offenses menLloned above shall be broughL
excepL aL Lhe lnsLance of and upon complalnL flled by Lhe
offended parLy (3a)
1he prosecuLlon for vlolaLlon of speclal laws shall be governed
by Lhe provlslons Lhereof (n)
Sect|on 6 5offlclocy of complolot ot lofotmotloo A
complalnL or lnformaLlon ls sufflclenL lf lL sLaLes Lhe name of
Lhe accused Lhe deslgnaLlon of Lhe offense glven by Lhe
sLaLuLe Lhe acLs or omlsslons complalned of as consLlLuLlng
Lhe offense Lhe name of Lhe offended parLy Lhe approxlmaLe
daLe of Lhe commlsslon of Lhe offense and Lhe place where
Lhe offense was commlLLed
When an offense ls commlLLed by more Lhan one person all
of Lhem shall be lncluded ln Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon (6a)
Sect|on 7 Nom of t occosJ 1he complalnL or
lnformaLlon musL sLaLe Lhe name and surname of Lhe accused
or any appellaLlon or nlckname by whlch he has been or ls
known lf hls name cannoL be ascerLalned he musL be
descrlbed under a flcLlLlous name wlLh a sLaLemenL LhaL hls
Lrue name ls unknown
lf Lhe Lrue name of Lhe accused ls LhereafLer dlsclosed by hlm
or appears ln some oLher manner Lo Lhe courL such Lrue
name shall be lnserLed ln Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon and
record (7a)
Sect|on 8 slqootloo of t offos 1he complalnL or
lnformaLlon shall sLaLe Lhe deslgnaLlon of Lhe offense glven by
Lhe sLaLuLe aver Lhe acLs or omlsslons consLlLuLlng Lhe
offense and speclfy lLs quallfylng and aggravaLlng
clrcumsLances lf Lhere ls no deslgnaLlon of Lhe offense
reference shall be made Lo Lhe secLlon or subsecLlon of Lhe
sLaLuLe punlshlng lL (8a)
Sect|on 9 coos of t occosotloo 1he acLs or omlsslons
complalned of as consLlLuLlng Lhe offense and Lhe quallfylng
and aggravaLlng clrcumsLances musL be sLaLed ln ordlnary and
conclse language and noL necessarlly ln Lhe language used ln
Lhe sLaLuLe buL ln Lerms sufflclenL Lo enable a person of
common undersLandlng Lo know whaL offense ls belng
charged as well as lLs quallfylng and aggravaLlng
clrcumsLances and for Lhe courL Lo pronounce [udgmenL (9a)
Sect|on 10 9loc of commlssloo of t offos 1he
complalnL or lnformaLlon ls sufflclenL lf lL can be undersLood
from lLs allegaLlons LhaL Lhe offense was commlLLed or some
of Lhe essenLlal lngredlenLs occurred aL some place wlLhln Lhe
[urlsdlcLlon of Lhe courL unless Lhe parLlcular place where lL
was commlLLed consLlLuLes an essenLlal elemenL of Lhe
offense or ls necessary for lLs ldenLlflcaLlon (10a)
Sect|on 11 ot of commlssloo of t offos lL ls noL
necessary Lo sLaLe ln Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon Lhe preclse
daLe Lhe offense was commlLLed excepL when lL ls a maLerlal
lngredlenL of Lhe offense 1he offense may be alleged Lo have
been commlLLed on a daLe as near as posslble Lo Lhe acLual
daLe of lLs commlsslon (11a)
Sect|on 12 Nom of t offoJJ potty 1he complalnL or
lnformaLlon musL sLaLe Lhe name and surname of Lhe person
agalnsL whom or agalnsL whose properLy Lhe offense was
commlLLed or any appellaLlon or nlckname by whlch such
person has been or ls known lf Lhere ls no beLLer way of
ldenLlfylng hlm he musL be descrlbed under a flcLlLlous name
(a) ln offenses agalnsL properLy lf Lhe name of Lhe
offended parLy ls unknown Lhe properLy musL be
descrlbed wlLh such parLlcularlLy as Lo properly
ldenLlfy Lhe offense charged
(b) lf Lhe Lrue name of Lhe of Lhe person agalnsL
whom or agalnsL whose properly Lhe offense was
commlLLed ls LhereafLer dlsclosed or ascerLalned Lhe
courL musL cause Lhe Lrue name Lo be lnserLed ln Lhe
complalnL or lnformaLlon and Lhe record
(c) lf Lhe offended parLy ls a [urldlcal person lL ls
sufflclenL Lo sLaLe lLs name or any name or
deslgnaLlon by whlch lL ls known or by whlch lL may
be ldenLlfled wlLhouL need of averrlng LhaL lL ls a
[urldlcal person or LhaL lL ls organlzed ln accordance
wlLh law (12a)
Sect|on 13 opllclty of t offos A complalnL or
lnformaLlon musL charge buL one offense excepL when Lhe
law prescrlbes a slngle punlshmenL for varlous offenses (13a)
Sect|on 14 AmoJmot ot sobstltotloo A complalnL or
lnformaLlon may be amended ln form or ln subsLance
wlLhouL leave of courL aL any Llme before Lhe accused enLers
hls plea AfLer Lhe plea and durlng Lhe Lrlal a formal
amendmenL may only be made wlLh leave of courL and when
lL can be done wlLhouL causlng pre[udlce Lo Lhe rlghLs of Lhe
accused
Powever any amendmenL before plea whlch downgrades
Lhe naLure of Lhe offense charged ln or excludes any accused
from Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon can be made only upon
moLlon by Lhe prosecuLor wlLh noLlce Lo Lhe offended parLy
and wlLh leave of courL 1he courL shall sLaLe lLs reasons ln
resolvlng Lhe moLlon and coples of lLs order shall be furnlshed
all parLles especlally Lhe offended parLy (n)
lf lL appears aL any Llme before [udgmenL LhaL a mlsLake has
been made ln charglng Lhe proper offense Lhe courL shall
dlsmlss Lhe orlglnal complalnL or lnformaLlon upon Lhe flllng
of a new one charglng Lhe proper offense ln accordance wlLh
secLlon 19 8ule 119 provlded Lhe accused shall noL be placed
ln double [eopardy 1he courL may requlre Lhe wlLnesses Lo
glve ball for Lhelr appearance aL Lhe Lrlal (14a)
Sect|on 1S 9loc wt octloo ls to b lostltotJ
(a) Sub[ecL Lo exlsLlng laws Lhe crlmlnal acLlon shall
be lnsLlLuLed and Lrled ln Lhe courL of Lhe
munlclpallLy or LerrlLory where Lhe offense was
commlLLed or where any of lLs essenLlal lngredlenLs
occurred
(b) Where an offense ls commlLLed ln a Lraln
alrcrafL or oLher publlc or prlvaLe vehlcle whlle ln
Lhe course of lLs Lrlp Lhe crlmlnal acLlon shall be
lnsLlLuLed and Lrled ln Lhe courL of any munlclpallLy
or LerrlLory where such Lraln alrcrafL or oLher
vehlcle passed durlng such lLs Lrlp lncludlng Lhe
place of lLs deparLure and arrlval
(c) Where an offense ls commlLLed on board a vessel
ln Lhe course of lLs voyage Lhe crlmlnal acLlon shall
be lnsLlLuLed and Lrled ln Lhe courL of Lhe flrsL porL of
enLry or of any munlclpallLy or LerrlLory where Lhe
vessel passed durlng such voyage sub[ecL Lo Lhe
generally accepLed prlnclples of lnLernaLlonal law
(d) Crlmes commlLLed ouLslde Lhe hlllpplnes buL
punlshable under ArLlcle 2 of Lhe 8evlsed enal Code
shall be cognlzable by Lhe courL where Lhe crlmlnal
acLlon ls flrsL flled (13a)
Sect|on 16 lottvotloo of t offoJJ potty lo ctlmlool
octloo Where Lhe clvll acLlon for recovery of clvll llablllLy ls
lnsLlLuLed ln Lhe crlmlnal acLlon pursuanL Lo 8ule 111 Lhe
offended parLy may lnLervene by counsel ln Lhe prosecuLlon
of Lhe offense (16a)

kULL 111 rosecut|on of C|v|| Act|on
Sect|on 1 lostltotloo of ctlmlool ooJ clvll octloos (a) When
a crlmlnal acLlon ls lnsLlLuLed Lhe clvll acLlon for Lhe recovery
of clvll llablllLy arlslng from Lhe offense charged shall be
deemed lnsLlLuLed wlLh Lhe crlmlnal acLlon unless Lhe
offended parLy walves Lhe clvll acLlon reserves Lhe rlghL Lo
lnsLlLuLe lL separaLely or lnsLlLuLes Lhe clvll acLlon prlor Lo Lhe
crlmlnal acLlon
1he reservaLlon of Lhe rlghL Lo lnsLlLuLe separaLely Lhe clvll
acLlon shall be made before Lhe prosecuLlon sLarLs presenLlng
lLs evldence and under clrcumsLances affordlng Lhe offended
parLy a reasonable opporLunlLy Lo make such reservaLlon
When Lhe offended parLy seeks Lo enforce clvll llablllLy agalnsL
Lhe accused by way of moral nomlnal LemperaLe or
exemplary damages wlLhouL speclfylng Lhe amounL Lhereof ln
Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon Lhe flllng fees Lhereof shall
consLlLuLe a flrsL llen on Lhe [udgmenL awardlng such
damages
Where Lhe amounL of damages oLher Lhan acLual ls speclfled
ln Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon Lhe correspondlng flllng fees
shall be pald by Lhe offended parLy upon Lhe flllng Lhereof ln
courL
LxcepL as oLherwlse provlded ln Lhese 8ules no flllng fees
shall be requlred for acLual damages
no counLerclalm crossclalm or LhlrdparLy complalnL may be
flled by Lhe accused ln Lhe crlmlnal case buL any cause of
acLlon whlch could have been Lhe sub[ecL Lhereof may be
llLlgaLed ln a separaLe clvll acLlon (1a)
(b) 1he crlmlnal acLlon for vlolaLlon of 8aLas ambansa 8lg 22
shall be deemed Lo lnclude Lhe correspondlng clvll acLlon no
reservaLlon Lo flle such clvll acLlon separaLely shall be allowed
upon flllng of Lhe aforesald [olnL crlmlnal and clvll acLlons Lhe
offended parLy shall pay ln full Lhe flllng fees based on Lhe
amounL of Lhe check lnvolved whlch shall be consldered as
Lhe acLual damages clalmed Where Lhe complalnL or
lnformaLlon also seeks Lo recover llquldaLed moral nomlnal
LemperaLe or exemplary damages Lhe offended parLy shall
pay addlLlonal flllng fees based on Lhe amounLs alleged
Lhereln lf Lhe amounLs are noL so alleged buL any of Lhese
damages are subsequenLly awarded by Lhe courL Lhe flllng
fees based on Lhe amounL awarded shall consLlLuLe a flrsL llen
on Lhe [udgmenL
Where Lhe clvll acLlon has been flled separaLely and Lrlal
Lhereof has noL yeL commenced lL may be consolldaLed wlLh
Lhe crlmlnal acLlon upon appllcaLlon wlLh Lhe courL Lrylng Lhe
laLLer case lf Lhe appllcaLlon ls granLed Lhe Lrlal of boLh
acLlons shall proceed ln accordance wlLh secLlon 2 of Lhls 8ule
governlng consolldaLlon of Lhe clvll and crlmlnal acLlons (clr
3797)
Sect|on 2 Jo spotot clvll octloo ls sospoJJ AfLer
Lhe crlmlnal acLlon has been commenced Lhe separaLe clvll
acLlon arlslng Lherefrom cannoL be lnsLlLuLed unLll flnal
[udgmenL has been enLered ln Lhe crlmlnal acLlon
lf Lhe crlmlnal acLlon ls flled afLer Lhe sald clvll acLlon has
already been lnsLlLuLed Lhe laLLer shall be suspended ln
whaLever sLage lL may be found before [udgmenL on Lhe
merlLs 1he suspenslon shall lasL unLll flnal [udgmenL ls
rendered ln Lhe crlmlnal acLlon neverLheless before
[udgmenL on Lhe merlLs ls rendered ln Lhe clvll acLlon Lhe
same may upon moLlon of Lhe offended parLy be
consolldaLed wlLh Lhe crlmlnal acLlon ln Lhe courL Lrylng Lhe
crlmlnal acLlon ln case of consolldaLlon Lhe evldence already
adduced ln Lhe clvll acLlon shall be deemed auLomaLlcally
reproduced ln Lhe crlmlnal acLlon wlLhouL pre[udlce Lo Lhe
rlghL of Lhe prosecuLlon Lo crossexamlne Lhe wlLnesses
presenLed by Lhe offended parLy ln Lhe crlmlnal case and of
Lhe parLles Lo presenL addlLlonal evldence 1he consolldaLed
crlmlnal and clvll acLlons shall be Lrled and declded [olnLly
uurlng Lhe pendency of Lhe crlmlnal acLlon Lhe runnlng of Lhe
perlod of prescrlpLlon of Lhe clvll acLlon whlch cannoL be
lnsLlLuLed separaLely or whose proceedlng has been
suspended shall be Lolled (n)
1he exLlncLlon of Lhe penal acLlon does noL carry wlLh lL
exLlncLlon of Lhe clvll acLlon Powever Lhe clvll acLlon based
on dellcL shall be deemed exLlngulshed lf Lhere ls a flndlng ln a
flnal [udgmenL ln Lhe crlmlnal acLlon LhaL Lhe acL or omlsslon
from whlch Lhe clvll llablllLy may arlse dld noL exlsL (2a)
Sect|on 3 Jo clvll octloo moy ptocJJ loJpoJotly
ln Lhe cases provlded for ln ArLlcles 32 33 34 and 2176 of Lhe
Clvll Code of Lhe hlllpplnes Lhe lndependenL clvll acLlon may
be broughL by Lhe offended parLy lL shall proceed
lndependenLly of Lhe crlmlnal acLlon and shall requlre only a
preponderance of evldence ln no case however may Lhe
offended parLy recover damages Lwlce for Lhe same acL or
omlsslon charged ln Lhe crlmlnal acLlon (3a)
Sect|on 4 ffct of Jot oo clvll octloos 1he deaLh of Lhe
accused afLer arralgnmenL and durlng Lhe pendency of Lhe
crlmlnal acLlon shall exLlngulsh Lhe clvll llablllLy arlslng from
Lhe dellcL Powever Lhe lndependenL clvll acLlon lnsLlLuLed
under secLlon 3 of Lhls 8ule or whlch LhereafLer ls lnsLlLuLed Lo
enforce llablllLy arlslng from oLher sources of obllgaLlon may
be conLlnued agalnsL Lhe esLaLe or legal represenLaLlve of Lhe
accused afLer proper subsLlLuLlon or agalnsL sald esLaLe as Lhe
case may be 1he helrs of Lhe accused may be subsLlLuLed for
Lhe deceased wlLhouL requlrlng Lhe appolnLmenL of an
execuLor or admlnlsLraLor and Lhe courL may appolnL a
guardlan oJ lltm for Lhe mlnor helrs
1he courL shall forLhwlLh order sald legal represenLaLlve or
represenLaLlves Lo appear and be subsLlLuLed wlLhln a perlod
of LhlrLy (30) days from noLlce
A flnal [udgmenL enLered ln favor of Lhe offended parLy shall
be enforced ln Lhe manner especlally provlded ln Lhese rules
for prosecuLlng clalms agalnsL Lhe esLaLe of Lhe deceased
lf Lhe accused dles before arralgnmenL Lhe case shall be
dlsmlssed wlLhouL pre[udlce Lo any clvll acLlon Lhe offended
parLy may flle agalnsL Lhe esLaLe of Lhe deceased (n)
Sect|on S oJqmot lo clvll octloo oot o bot A flnal
[udgmenL rendered ln a clvll acLlon absolvlng Lhe defendanL
from clvll llablllLy ls noL a bar Lo a crlmlnal acLlon agalnsL Lhe
defendanL for Lhe same acL or omlsslon sub[ecL of Lhe clvll
acLlon (4a)
Sect|on 6 5osposloo by tosoo of ptoJlclol postloo A
peLlLlon for suspenslon of Lhe crlmlnal acLlon based upon Lhe
pendency of a pre[udlclal quesLlon ln a clvll acLlon may be
flled ln Lhe offlce of Lhe prosecuLor or Lhe courL conducLlng
Lhe prellmlnary lnvesLlgaLlon When Lhe crlmlnal acLlon has
been flled ln courL for Lrlal Lhe peLlLlon Lo suspend shall be
flled ln Lhe same crlmlnal acLlon aL any Llme before Lhe
prosecuLlon resLs (6a)
Sect|on 7 lmots of ptoJlclol postloo 1he elemenLs of
a pre[udlclal quesLlon are (a) Lhe prevlously lnsLlLuLed clvll
acLlon lnvolves an lssue slmllar or lnLlmaLely relaLed Lo Lhe
lssue ralsed ln Lhe subsequenL crlmlnal acLlon and (b) Lhe
resoluLlon of such lssue deLermlnes wheLher or noL Lhe
crlmlnal acLlon may proceed (3a)

kULL 112 re||m|nary Invest|gat|on
Sect|on 1 9tllmlooty lovstlqotloo JfloJ wo tpoltJ
rellmlnary lnvesLlgaLlon ls an lnqulry or proceedlng Lo
deLermlne wheLher Lhere ls sufflclenL ground Lo engender a
wellfounded bellef LhaL a crlme has been commlLLed and Lhe
respondenL ls probably gullLy Lhereof and should be held for
Lrlal
LxcepL as provlded ln secLlon 7 of Lhls 8ule a prellmlnary
lnvesLlgaLlon ls requlred Lo be conducLed before Lhe flllng of a
complalnL or lnformaLlon for an offense where Lhe penalLy
prescrlbed by law ls aL leasL four (4) years Lwo (2) monLhs and
one (1) day wlLhouL regard Lo Lhe flne (1a)
Sect|on 2 fflcts oototlzJ to cooJoct ptllmlooty
lovstlqotloos
1he followlng may conducL prellmlnary lnvesLlgaLlons
(a) rovlnclal or ClLy rosecuLors and Lhelr asslsLanLs
(b) !udges of Lhe Munlclpal 1rlal CourLs and
Munlclpal ClrculL 1rlal CourLs
(c) naLlonal and 8eglonal SLaLe rosecuLors and
(d) CLher offlcers as may be auLhorlzed by law
1helr auLhorlLy Lo conducL prellmlnary lnvesLlgaLlons shall
lnclude all crlmes cognlzable by Lhe proper courL ln Lhelr
respecLlve LerrlLorlal [urlsdlcLlons (2a)
Sect|on 3 9tocJot 1he prellmlnary lnvesLlgaLlon shall be
conducLed ln Lhe followlng manner
(a) 1he complalnL shall sLaLe Lhe address of Lhe
respondenL and shall be accompanled by Lhe
affldavlLs of Lhe complalnanL and hls wlLnesses as
well as oLher supporLlng documenLs Lo esLabllsh
probable cause 1hey shall be ln such number of
coples as Lhere are respondenLs plus Lwo (2) coples
for Lhe offlclal flle 1he affldavlLs shall be subscrlbed
and sworn Lo before any prosecuLor or governmenL
offlclal auLhorlzed Lo admlnlsLer oaLh or ln Lhelr
absence or unavallablllLy before a noLary publlc
each of who musL cerLlfy LhaL he personally
examlned Lhe afflanLs and LhaL he ls saLlsfled LhaL
Lhey volunLarlly execuLed and undersLood Lhelr
affldavlLs
(b) WlLhln Len (10) days afLer Lhe flllng of Lhe
complalnL Lhe lnvesLlgaLlng offlcer shall elLher
dlsmlss lL lf he flnds no ground Lo conLlnue wlLh Lhe
lnvesLlgaLlon or lssue a subpoena Lo Lhe respondenL
aLLachlng Lo lL a copy of Lhe complalnL and lLs
supporLlng affldavlLs and documenLs
1he respondenL shall have Lhe rlghL Lo examlne Lhe
evldence submlLLed by Lhe complalnanL whlch he
may noL have been furnlshed and Lo copy Lhem aL
hls expense lf Lhe evldence ls volumlnous Lhe
complalnanL may be requlred Lo speclfy Lhose whlch
he lnLends Lo presenL agalnsL Lhe respondenL and
Lhese shall be made avallable for examlnaLlon or
copylng by Lhe respondenL aL hls expense
Cb[ecLs as evldence need noL be furnlshed a parLy
buL shall be made avallable for examlnaLlon
copylng or phoLographlng aL Lhe expense of Lhe
requesLlng parLy
(c) WlLhln Len (10) days from recelpL of Lhe
subpoena wlLh Lhe complalnL and supporLlng
affldavlLs and documenLs Lhe respondenL shall
submlL hls counLeraffldavlL and LhaL of hls wlLnesses
and oLher supporLlng documenLs relled upon for hls
defense 1he counLeraffldavlLs shall be subscrlbed
and sworn Lo and cerLlfled as provlded ln paragraph
(a) of Lhls secLlon wlLh coples Lhereof furnlshed by
hlm Lo Lhe complalnanL 1he respondenL shall noL be
allowed Lo flle a moLlon Lo dlsmlss ln lleu of a
counLeraffldavlL
(d) lf Lhe respondenL cannoL be subpoenaed or lf
subpoenaed does noL submlL counLeraffldavlLs
wlLhln Lhe Len (10) day perlod Lhe lnvesLlgaLlng
offlcer shall resolve Lhe complalnL based on Lhe
evldence presenLed by Lhe complalnanL
(e) 1he lnvesLlgaLlng offlcer may seL a hearlng lf
Lhere are facLs and lssues Lo be clarlfled from a parLy
or a wlLness 1he parLles can be presenL aL Lhe
hearlng buL wlLhouL Lhe rlghL Lo examlne or cross
examlne 1hey may however submlL Lo Lhe
lnvesLlgaLlng offlcer quesLlons whlch may be asked
Lo Lhe parLy or wlLness concerned
1he hearlng shall be held wlLhln Len (10) days from
submlsslon of Lhe counLeraffldavlLs and oLher
documenLs or from Lhe explraLlon of Lhe perlod for
Lhelr submlsslon lL shall be LermlnaLed wlLhln flve
(3) days
(f) WlLhln Len (10) days afLer Lhe lnvesLlgaLlon Lhe
lnvesLlgaLlng offlcer shall deLermlne wheLher or noL
Lhere ls sufflclenL ground Lo hold Lhe respondenL for
Lrlal (3a)
Sect|on 4 solotloo of lovstlqotloq ptoscotot ooJ lts
tvlw lf Lhe lnvesLlgaLlng prosecuLor flnds cause Lo hold
Lhe respondenL for Lrlal he shall prepare Lhe resoluLlon and
lnformaLlon Pe shall cerLlfy under oaLh ln Lhe lnformaLlon
LhaL he or as shown by Lhe record an auLhorlzed offlcer has
personally examlned Lhe complalnanL and hls wlLnesses LhaL
Lhere ls reasonable ground Lo belleve LhaL a crlme has been
commlLLed and LhaL Lhe accused ls probably gullLy Lhereof
LhaL Lhe accused was lnformed of Lhe complalnL and of Lhe
evldence submlLLed agalnsL hlm and LhaL he was glven an
opporLunlLy Lo submlL conLroverLlng evldence CLherwlse he
shall recommend Lhe dlsmlssal of Lhe complalnL
WlLhln flve (3) days from hls resoluLlon he shall forward Lhe
record of Lhe case Lo Lhe provlnclal or clLy prosecuLor or chlef
sLaLe prosecuLor or Lo Lhe Cmbudsman or hls depuLy ln cases
of offenses cognlzable by Lhe Sandlganbayan ln Lhe exerclse of
lLs orlglnal [urlsdlcLlon 1hey shall acL on Lhe resoluLlon wlLhln
Len (10) days from Lhelr recelpL Lhereof and shall lmmedlaLely
lnform Lhe parLles of such acLlon
no complalnL or lnformaLlon may be flled or dlsmlssed by an
lnvesLlgaLlng prosecuLor wlLhouL Lhe prlor wrlLLen auLhorlLy or
approval of Lhe provlnclal or clLy prosecuLor or chlef sLaLe
prosecuLor or Lhe Cmbudsman or hls depuLy
Where Lhe lnvesLlgaLlng prosecuLor recommends Lhe
dlsmlssal of Lhe complalnL buL hls recommendaLlon ls
dlsapproved by Lhe provlnclal or clLy prosecuLor or chlef sLaLe
prosecuLor or Lhe Cmbudsman or hls depuLy on Lhe ground
LhaL a probable cause exlsLs Lhe laLLer may by hlmself flle
Lhe lnformaLlon agalnsL Lhe respondenL or dlrecL any oLher
asslsLanL prosecuLor or sLaLe prosecuLor Lo do so wlLhouL
conducLlng anoLher prellmlnary lnvesLlgaLlon
lf upon peLlLlon by a proper parLy under such rules as Lhe
ueparLmenL of !usLlce may prescrlbe or moto ptoptlo Lhe
SecreLary of !usLlce reverses or modlfles Lhe resoluLlon of Lhe
provlnclal or clLy prosecuLor or chlef sLaLe prosecuLor he shall
dlrecL Lhe prosecuLor concerned elLher Lo flle Lhe
correspondlng lnformaLlon wlLhouL conducLlng anoLher
prellmlnary lnvesLlgaLlon or Lo dlsmlss or move for dlsmlssal
of Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon wlLh noLlce Lo Lhe parLles 1he
same rule shall apply ln prellmlnary lnvesLlgaLlons conducLed
by Lhe offlcers of Lhe Cfflce of Lhe Cmbudsman (4a)
Sect|on S solotloo of lovstlqotloq oJq ooJ lts tvlw
WlLhln Len (10) days afLer Lhe prellmlnary lnvesLlgaLlon Lhe
lnvesLlgaLlng [udge shall LransmlL Lhe resoluLlon of Lhe case Lo
Lhe provlnclal or clLy prosecuLor or Lo Lhe Cmbudsman or hls
depuLy ln cases of offenses cognlzable by Lhe Sandlganbayan
ln Lhe exerclse of lLs orlglnal [urlsdlcLlon for approprlaLe
acLlon 1he resoluLlon shall sLaLe Lhe flndlngs of facLs and Lhe
law supporLlng hls acLlon LogeLher wlLh Lhe record of Lhe case
whlch shall lnclude (a) Lhe warranL lf Lhe arresL ls by vlrLue of
a warranL (b) Lhe affldavlLs counLeraffldavlLs and oLher
supporLlng evldence of Lhe parLles (c) Lhe underLaklng or ball
of Lhe accused and Lhe order for hls release (d) Lhe
LranscrlpLs of Lhe proceedlngs durlng Lhe prellmlnary
lnvesLlgaLlon and (e) Lhe order of cancellaLlon of hls ball
bond lf Lhe resoluLlon ls for Lhe dlsmlssal of Lhe complalnL
WlLhln LhlrLy (30) days from recelpL of Lhe records Lhe
provlnclal or clLy prosecuLor or Lhe Cmbudsman or hls
depuLy as Lhe case may be shall revlew Lhe resoluLlon of Lhe
lnvesLlgaLlng [udge on Lhe exlsLence of probable cause 1helr
rullng shall expressly and clearly sLaLe Lhe facLs and Lhe law on
whlch lL ls based and Lhe parLles shall be furnlshed wlLh coples
Lhereof 1hey shall order Lhe release of an accused who ls
deLalned lf no probable cause ls found agalnsL hlm (3a)
Sect|on 6 Jo wottoot of ottst moy lsso (a) y t
qloool @tlol coott WlLhln Len (10) days from Lhe flllng of
Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon Lhe [udge shall personally
evaluaLe Lhe resoluLlon of Lhe prosecuLor and lLs supporLlng
evldence Pe may lmmedlaLely dlsmlss Lhe case lf Lhe
evldence on record clearly falls Lo esLabllsh probable cause lf
he flnds probable cause he shall lssue a warranL of arresL or
a commlLmenL order lf Lhe accused has already been arresLed
pursuanL Lo a warranL lssued by Lhe [udge who conducLed Lhe
prellmlnary lnvesLlgaLlon or when Lhe complalnL or
lnformaLlon was flled pursuanL Lo secLlon 7 of Lhls 8ule ln
case of doubL on Lhe exlsLence of probable cause Lhe [udge
may order Lhe prosecuLor Lo presenL addlLlonal evldence
wlLhln flve (3) days from noLlce and Lhe lssue musL be
resolved by Lhe courL wlLhln LhlrLy (30) days from Lhe flllng of
Lhe complalnL of lnformaLlon
(b) y t Moolclpol @tlol coott When requlred pursuanL Lo
Lhe second paragraph of secLlon 1 of Lhls 8ule Lhe prellmlnary
lnvesLlgaLlon of cases falllng under Lhe orlglnal [urlsdlcLlon of
Lhe MeLropollLan 1rlal CourL Munlclpal 1rlal CourL ln ClLles
Munlclpal 1rlal CourL or Munlclpal ClrculL 1rlal CourL may be
conducLed by elLher Lhe [udge or Lhe prosecuLor When
conducLed by Lhe prosecuLor Lhe procedure for Lhe lssuance
of a warranL or arresL by Lhe [udge shall be governed by
paragraph (a) of Lhls secLlon When Lhe lnvesLlgaLlon ls
conducLed by Lhe [udge hlmself he shall follow Lhe procedure
provlded ln secLlon 3 of Lhls 8ule lf Lhe flndlngs and
recommendaLlons are afflrmed by Lhe provlnclal or clLy
prosecuLor or by Lhe Cmbudsman or hls depuLy and Lhe
correspondlng lnformaLlon ls flled he shall lssue a warranL of
arresL Powever wlLhouL walLlng for Lhe concluslon of Lhe
lnvesLlgaLlon Lhe [udge may lssue a warranL of arresL lf he
flnds afLer an examlnaLlon ln wrlLlng and under oaLh of Lhe
complalnanL and hls wlLnesses ln Lhe form of searchlng
quesLlon and answers LhaL a probable cause exlsLs and LhaL
Lhere ls a necesslLy of placlng Lhe respondenL under
lmmedlaLe cusLody ln order noL Lo frusLraLe Lhe ends of
[usLlce
(c) Jo wottoot of ottst oot ocssoty A warranL of
arresL shall noL lssue lf Lhe accused ls already under deLenLlon
pursuanL Lo a warranL lssued by Lhe munlclpal Lrlal courL ln
accordance wlLh paragraph (b) of Lhls secLlon or lf Lhe
complalnL or lnformaLlon was flled pursuanL Lo secLlon 7 of
Lhls 8ule or ls for an offense penallzed by flne only 1he courL
shall Lhen proceed ln Lhe exerclse of lLs orlglnal [urlsdlcLlon
(6a)
Sect|on 7 Jo occosJ lowfolly ottstJ wltoot wottoot
When a person ls lawfully arresLed wlLhouL a warranL
lnvolvlng an offense whlch requlres a prellmlnary
lnvesLlgaLlon Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon may be flled by a
prosecuLor wlLhouL need of such lnvesLlgaLlon provlded an
lnquesL has been conducLed ln accordance wlLh exlsLlng rules
ln Lhe absence or unavallablllLy of an lnquesL prosecuLor Lhe
complalnL may be flled by Lhe offended parLy or a peace offlce
dlrecLly wlLh Lhe proper courL on Lhe basls of Lhe affldavlL of
Lhe offended parLy or arresLlng offlcer or person
8efore Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon ls flled Lhe person
arresLed may ask for a prellmlnary lnvesLlgaLlon ln accordance
wlLh Lhls 8ule buL he musL slgn a walver of Lhe provlslons of
ArLlcle 123 of Lhe 8evlsed enal Code as amended ln Lhe
presence of hls counsel noLwlLhsLandlng Lhe walver he may
apply for ball and Lhe lnvesLlgaLlon musL be LermlnaLed wlLhln
flfLeen (13) days from lLs lncepLlon
AfLer Lhe flllng of Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon ln courL
wlLhouL a prellmlnary lnvesLlgaLlon Lhe accused may wlLhln
flve (3) days from Lhe Llme he learns of lLs flllng ask for a
prellmlnary lnvesLlgaLlon wlLh Lhe same rlghL Lo adduce
evldence ln hls defense as provlded ln Lhls 8ule (7a sec 2
8A no 7438)
Sect|on 8 cotJs (a) cotJs soppottloq t lofotmotloo
ot complolot An lnformaLlon or complalnL flled ln courL
shall be supporLed by Lhe affldavlLs and counLeraffldavlLs of
Lhe parLles and Lhelr wlLnesses LogeLher wlLh Lhe oLher
supporLlng evldence and Lhe resoluLlon on Lhe case
(b) cotJ of ptllmlooty lovstlqotloo 1he record of Lhe
prellmlnary lnvesLlgaLlon wheLher conducLed by a [udge or a
flscal shall noL form parL of Lhe record of Lhe case Powever
Lhe courL on lLs own lnlLlaLlve or on moLlon of any parLy may
order Lhe producLlon of Lhe record or any lLs parL when
necessary ln Lhe resoluLlon of Lhe case or any lncldenL Lhereln
or when lL ls Lo be lnLroduced as an evldence ln Lhe case by
Lhe requesLlng parLy (8a)
Sect|on 9 coss oot tpoltloq o ptllmlooty lovstlqotloo oot
covtJ by t ol oo 5ommoty 9tocJot
(a) lf fllJ wlt t ptoscotot lf Lhe complalnL ls
flled dlrecLly wlLh Lhe prosecuLor lnvolvlng an
offense punlshable by lmprlsonmenL of less four (4)
years Lwo (2) monLhs and one (1) day Lhe
procedure ouLllned ln secLlon 3(a) of Lhls 8ule shall
be observed 1he prosecuLor shall acL on Lhe
complalnL based on Lhe affldavlLs and oLher
supporLlng documenLs submlLLed by Lhe
complalnanL wlLhln Len (10) days from lLs flllng
(b) lf fllJ wlt t Moolclpol @tlol coott lf Lhe
complalnL or lnformaLlon ls flled dlrecLly wlLh Lhe
Munlclpal 1rlal CourL or Munlclpal ClrculL 1rlal CourL
for an offense covered by Lhls secLlon Lhe procedure
ln secLlon 3(a) of Lhls 8ule shall be observed lf
wlLhln Len (10) days afLer Lhe flllng of Lhe complalnL
or lnformaLlon Lhe [udge flnds no probable cause
afLer personally evaluaLlng Lhe evldence or afLer
personally examlnlng ln wrlLlng and under oaLh Lhe
complalnanL and hls wlLnesses ln Lhe form of
searchlng quesLlon and answers he shall dlsmlss Lhe
same Pe may however requlre Lhe submlsslon of
addlLlonal evldence wlLhln Len (10) days from
noLlce Lo deLermlne furLher Lhe exlsLence of
probable cause lf Lhe [udge sLlll flnds no probable
cause desplLe Lhe addlLlonal evldence he shall
wlLhln Len (10) days from lLs submlsslon or
explraLlon of sald perlod dlsmlss Lhe case When he
flnds probable cause he shall lssue a warranL of
arresL or a commlLmenL order lf Lhe accused had
already been arresLed and hold hlm for Lrlal
Powever lf Lhe [udge ls saLlsfled LhaL Lhere ls no
necesslLy for placlng Lhe accused under cusLody he
may lssue summons lnsLead of a warranL of arresL
(9a)

kULL 113 Arrest
Sect|on 1 floltloo of ottst ArresL ls Lhe Laklng of a
person lnLo cusLody ln order LhaL he may be bound Lo answer
for Lhe commlsslon of an offense (1)
Sect|on 2 Attst ow moJ An arresL ls made by an acLual
resLralnL of a person Lo be arresLed or by hls submlsslon Lo
Lhe cusLody of Lhe person maklng Lhe arresL
no vlolence or unnecessary force shall be used ln maklng an
arresL 1he person arresLed shall noL be sub[ecL Lo a greaLer
resLralnL Lhan ls necessary for hls deLenLlon (2a)
Sect|on 3 oty of ottstloq offlct lL shall be Lhe duLy of
Lhe offlcer execuLlng Lhe warranL Lo arresL Lhe accused and Lo
dellver hlm Lo Lhe nearesL pollce sLaLlon or [all wlLhouL
unnecessary delay (3a)
Sect|on 4 cotloo of wottoot 1he head of Lhe offlce Lo
whom Lhe warranL of arresL was dellvered for execuLlon shall
cause Lhe warranL Lo be execuLed wlLhln Len (10) days from lLs
recelpL WlLhln Len (10) days afLer Lhe explraLlon of Lhe
perlod Lhe offlcer Lo whom lL was asslgned for execuLlon shall
make a reporL Lo Lhe [udge who lssued Lhe warranL ln case of
hls fallure Lo execuLe Lhe warranL he shall sLaLe Lhe reasons
Lherefor (4a)
Sect|on S Attst wltoot wottoot wo lowfol A peace
offlcer or a prlvaLe person may wlLhouL a warranL arresL a
person
(a) When ln hls presence Lhe person Lo be arresLed
has commlLLed ls acLually commlLLlng or ls
aLLempLlng Lo commlL an offense
(b) When an offense has [usL been commlLLed and
he has probable cause Lo belleve based on personal
knowledge of facLs or clrcumsLances LhaL Lhe person
Lo be arresLed has commlLLed lL and
(c) When Lhe person Lo be arresLed ls a prlsoner who
has escaped from a penal esLabllshmenL or place
where he ls servlng flnal [udgmenL or ls Lemporarlly
conflned whlle hls case ls pendlng or has escaped
whlle belng Lransferred from one conflnemenL Lo
anoLher
ln cases falllng under paragraph (a) and (b) above Lhe person
arresLed wlLhouL a warranL shall be forLhwlLh dellvered Lo Lhe
nearesL pollce sLaLlon or [all and shall be proceeded agalnsL ln
accordance wlLh secLlon 7 of 8ule 112 (3a)
Sect|on 6 @lm of mokloq ottst An arresL may be made
on any day and aL any Llme of Lhe day or nlghL (6)
Sect|on 7 MtoJ of ottst by offlct by vltto of wottoot
When maklng an arresL by vlrLue of a warranL Lhe offlcer shall
lnform Lhe person Lo be arresLed of Lhe cause of Lhe arresL
and of Lhe facL LhaL a warranL has been lssued for hls arresL
excepL when he flees or forclbly reslsLs before Lhe offlcer has
opporLunlLy Lo so lnform hlm or when Lhe glvlng of such
lnformaLlon wlll lmperll Lhe arresL 1he offlcer need noL have
Lhe warranL ln hls possesslon aL Lhe Llme of Lhe arresL buL
afLer Lhe arresL lf Lhe person arresLed so requlres Lhe
warranL shall be shown Lo hlm as soon as pracLlcable (7a)
Sect|on 8 MtoJ of ottst by offlct wltoot wottoot
When maklng an arresL wlLhouL a warranL Lhe offlcer shall
lnform Lhe person Lo be arresLed of hls auLhorlLy and Lhe
cause of Lhe arresL unless Lhe laLLer ls elLher engaged ln Lhe
commlsslon of an offense ls pursued lmmedlaLely afLer lLs
commlsslon has escaped flees or forclbly reslsLs before Lhe
offlcer has opporLunlLy so Lo lnform hlm or when Lhe glvlng
of such lnformaLlon wlll lmperll Lhe arresL (8a)
Sect|on 9 MtoJ of ottst by ptlvot ptsoo When
maklng an arresL a prlvaLe person shall lnform Lhe person Lo
be arresLed of Lhe lnLenLlon Lo arresL hlm and cause of Lhe
arresL unless Lhe laLLer ls elLher engaged ln Lhe commlsslon of
an offense ls pursued lmmedlaLely afLer lLs commlsslon or
has escaped flees or forclbly reslsLs before Lhe person
maklng Lhe arresL has opporLunlLy Lo so lnform hlm or when
Lhe glvlng of such lnformaLlon wlll lmperll Lhe arresL (9a)
Sect|on 10 fflct moy sommoo osslstooc An offlcer
maklng a lawful arresL may orally summon as many persons as
he deems necessary Lo asslsL hlm ln effecLlng Lhe arresL Lvery
person so summoned by an offlcer shall asslsL hlm ln effecLlng
Lhe arresL when he can render such asslsLance wlLhouL
deLrlmenL Lo hlmself (10a)
Sect|on 11 lqt of offlct to btok loto bollJloq ot oclosot
An offlcer ln order Lo make an arresL elLher by vlrLue of a
warranL or wlLhouL a warranL as provlded ln secLlon 3 may
break lnLo any bulldlng or enclosure where Lhe person Lo be
arresLed ls or ls reasonably belleved Lo be lf he ls refused
admlLLance LhereLo afLer announclng hls auLhorlLy and
purpose (11a)
Sect|on 12 lqt to btok oot ftom bollJloq ot oclosot
Whenever an offlcer has enLered Lhe bulldlng or enclosure ln
accordance wlLh Lhe precedlng secLlon he may break ouL
Lherefrom when necessary Lo llberaLe hlmself (12a)
Sect|on 13 Attst oftt scop ot tsco lf a person
lawfully arresLed escapes or ls rescued any person may
lmmedlaLely pursue or reLake hlm wlLhouL a warranL aL any
Llme and ln any place wlLhln Lhe hlllpplnes (13)
Sect|on 14 lqt of ottotoy ot tlotlv to vlslt ptsoo
ottstJ Any member of Lhe hlllpplne 8ar shall aL Lhe
requesL of Lhe person arresLed or of anoLher acLlng ln hls
behalf have Lhe rlghL Lo vlslL and confer prlvaLely wlLh such
person ln Lhe [all or any oLher place of cusLody aL any hour of
Lhe day or nlghL Sub[ecL Lo reasonable regulaLlons a relaLlve
of Lhe person arresLed can also exerclse Lhe same rlghL (14a)

kULL 114 8a||
Sect|on 1 oll JfloJ 8all ls Lhe securlLy glven for Lhe
release of a person ln cusLody of Lhe law furnlshed by hlm or
a bondsman Lo guaranLee hls appearance before any courL as
requlred under Lhe condlLlons herelnafLer speclfled 8all may
be glven ln Lhe form of corporaLe sureLy properLy bond cash
deposlL or recognlzance (1a)
Sect|on 2 cooJltloos of t boll tpoltmots All klnds of
ball are sub[ecL Lo Lhe followlng condlLlons
(a) 1he underLaklng shall be effecLlve upon approval
and unless cancelled shall remaln ln force aL all
sLages of Lhe case unLll promulgaLlon of Lhe
[udgmenL of Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal CourL lrrespecLlve of
wheLher Lhe case was orlglnally flled ln or appealed
Lo lL
(b) 1he accused shall appear before Lhe proper courL
whenever requlred by Lhe courL of Lhese 8ules
(c) 1he fallure of Lhe accused Lo appear aL Lhe Lrlal
wlLhouL [usLlflcaLlon and desplLe due noLlce shall be
deemed a walver of hls rlghL Lo be presenL LhereaL
ln such case Lhe Lrlal may proceed ln obsotlo and
(d) 1he bondsman shall surrender Lhe accused Lo Lhe
courL for execuLlon of Lhe flnal [udgmenL
1he orlglnal papers shall sLaLe Lhe full name and address of
Lhe accused Lhe amounL of Lhe underLaklng and Lhe
condlLlons hereln requlred hoLographs (passporL slze) Laken
wlLhln Lhe lasL slx (6) monLhs showlng Lhe face lefL and rlghL
proflles of Lhe accused musL be aLLached Lo Lhe ball (2a)
Sect|on 3 No tlos ot ttoosft cpt oo coott otJt ot boll
no person under deLenLlon by legal process shall be
released or Lransferred excepL upon order of Lhe courL or
when he ls admlLLed Lo ball (3a)
Sect|on 4 oll o mottt of tlqt cptloo All persons ln
cusLody shall be admlLLed Lo ball as a maLLer of rlghL wlLh
sufflclenL sureLles or released on recognlze as prescrlbed by
law or Lhls 8ule (a) before or afLer convlcLlon by Lhe
MeLropollLan 1rlal CourL Munlclpal 1rlal CourL Munlclpal
1rlal CourL ln ClLles or Munlclpal ClrculL 1rlal CourL and (b)
before convlcLlon by Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal CourL of an offense noL
punlshable by deaLh tclosloo ptptoo or llfe lmprlsonmenL
(4a)
Sect|on S oll wo Jlscttloooty upon convlcLlon by Lhe
8eglonal 1rlal CourL of an offense noL punlshable by
deaLh tclosloo ptptoo or llfe lmprlsonmenL admlsslon Lo
ball ls dlscreLlonary 1he appllcaLlon for ball may be flled and
acLed upon by Lhe Lrlal courL desplLe Lhe flllng of a noLlce of
appeal provlded lL has noL LransmlLLed Lhe orlglnal record Lo
Lhe appellaLe courL Powever lf Lhe declslon of Lhe Lrlal courL
convlcLlng Lhe accused changed Lhe naLure of Lhe offense
from nonballable Lo ballable Lhe appllcaLlon for ball can only
be flled wlLh and resolved by Lhe appellaLe courL
Should Lhe courL granL Lhe appllcaLlon Lhe accused may be
allowed Lo conLlnue on provlslonal llberLy durlng Lhe
pendency of Lhe appeal under Lhe same ball sub[ecL Lo Lhe
consenL of Lhe bondsman
lf Lhe penalLy lmposed by Lhe Lrlal courL ls lmprlsonmenL
exceedlng slx (6) years Lhe accused shall be denled ball or hls
ball shall be cancelled upon a showlng by Lhe prosecuLlon
wlLh noLlce Lo Lhe accused of Lhe followlng or oLher slmllar
clrcumsLances
(a) 1haL he ls a recldlvlsL quaslrecldlvlsL or hablLual
dellnquenL or has commlLLed Lhe crlme aggravaLed
by Lhe clrcumsLance of relLeraLlon
(b) 1haL he has prevlously escaped from legal
conflnemenL evaded senLence or vlolaLed Lhe
condlLlons of hls ball wlLhouL valld [usLlflcaLlon
(c) 1haL he commlLLed Lhe offense whlle under
probaLlon parole or condlLlonal pardon
(d) 1haL Lhe clrcumsLances of hls case lndlcaLe Lhe
probablllLy of fllghL lf released on ball or
(e) 1haL Lhere ls undue rlsk LhaL he may commlL
anoLher crlme durlng Lhe pendency of Lhe appeal
1he appellaLe courL may moto ptoptlo or on moLlon of any
parLy revlew Lhe resoluLlon of Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal CourL afLer
noLlce Lo Lhe adverse parLy ln elLher case (3a)
Sect|on 6 copltol offos JfloJ A caplLal offense ls an
offense whlch under Lhe law exlsLlng aL Lhe Llme of lLs
commlsslon and of Lhe appllcaLlon for admlsslon Lo ball may
be punlshed wlLh deaLh (6a)
Sect|on 7 copltol offos of oo offos poolsobl by
tclosloo ptptoo ot llf lmptlsoomot oot bollobl no
person charged wlLh a caplLal offense or an offense
punlshable bytclosloo ptptoo or llfe lmprlsonmenL shall be
admlLLed Lo ball when evldence of gullL ls sLrong regardless of
Lhe sLage of Lhe crlmlnal prosecuLlon (7a)
Sect|on 8 otJo of ptoof lo boll oppllcotloo AL Lhe
hearlng of an appllcaLlon for ball flled by a person who ls ln
cusLody for Lhe commlsslon of an offense punlshable by
deaLh tclosloo ptptoo or llfe lmprlsonmenL Lhe
prosecuLlon has Lhe burden of showlng LhaL evldence of gullL
ls sLrong 1he evldence presenLed durlng Lhe ball hearlng shall
be consldered auLomaLlcally reproduced aL Lhe Lrlal buL upon
moLlon of elLher parLy Lhe courL may recall any wlLness for
addlLlonal examlnaLlon unless Lhe laLLer ls dead ouLslde Lhe
hlllpplnes or oLherwlse unable Lo LesLlfy (8a)
Sect|on 9 Amooot of boll qolJllos 1he [udge who lssued
Lhe warranL or granLed Lhe appllcaLlon shall flx a reasonable
amounL of ball conslderlng prlmarlly buL noL llmlLed Lo Lhe
followlng facLors
(a) llnanclal ablllLy of Lhe accused Lo glve ball
(b) naLure and clrcumsLances of Lhe offense
(c) enalLy for Lhe offense charged
(d) CharacLer and repuLaLlon of Lhe accused
(e) Age and healLh of Lhe accused
(f) WelghL of Lhe evldence agalnsL Lhe accused
(g) robablllLy of Lhe accused appearlng aL Lhe Lrlal
(h) lorfelLure of oLher ball
(l) 1he facL LhaL accused was a fuglLlve from [usLlce
when arresLed and
([) endency of oLher cases where Lhe accused ls on
ball
Lxcesslve ball shall noL be requlred (9a)
Sect|on 10 cotpotot sotty Any domesLlc or forelgn
corporaLlon llcensed as a sureLy ln accordance wlLh law and
currenLly auLhorlzed Lo acL as such may provlde ball by a
bond subscrlbed [olnLly by Lhe accused and an offlcer of Lhe
corporaLlon duly auLhorlzed by lLs board of dlrecLors (10a)
Sect|on 11 9toptty booJ ow postJ A properLy bond ls
an underLaklng consLlLuLed as llen on Lhe real properLy glven
as securlLy for Lhe amounL of Lhe ball WlLhln Len (10) days
afLer Lhe approval of Lhe bond Lhe accused shall cause Lhe
annoLaLlon of Lhe llen on Lhe cerLlflcaLe of LlLle on flle wlLh Lhe
8eglsLer of ueeds lf Lhe land ls reglsLered or lf unreglsLered
ln Lhe 8eglsLraLlon 8ook on Lhe space provlded Lherefor ln
Lhe 8eglsLry of ueeds for Lhe provlnce or clLy where Lhe land
lles and on Lhe correspondlng Lax declaraLlon ln Lhe offlce of
Lhe provlnclal clLy and munlclpal assessor concerned
WlLhln Lhe same perlod Lhe accused shall submlL Lo Lhe courL
hls compllance and hls fallure Lo do so shall be sufflclenL cause
for Lhe cancellaLlon of Lhe properLy bond and hls rearresL and
deLenLlon (11a)
Sect|on 12 ;oollflcotloos of sottls lo ptoptty booJ 1he
quallflcaLlon of sureLles ln a properLy bond shall be as follows
(a) Lach musL be a resldenL owner of real esLaLe
wlLhln Lhe hlllpplnes
(b) Where Lhere ls only one sureLy hls real esLaLe
musL be worLh aL leasL Lhe amounL of Lhe
underLaklng
(c) lf Lhere are Lwo or more sureLles each may
[usLlfy ln an amounL less Lhan LhaL expressed ln Lhe
underLaklng buL Lhe aggregaLe of Lhe [usLlfled sums
musL be equlvalenL Lo Lhe whole amounL of ball
demanded
ln all cases every sureLy musL be worLh Lhe amounL speclfled
ln hls own underLaklng over and above all [usL debLs
obllgaLlons and properLles exempL from execuLlon (12a)
Sect|on 13 ostlflcotloo of sottls Lvery sureLy shall
[usLlfy by affldavlL Laken before Lhe [udge LhaL he possesses
Lhe quallflcaLlons prescrlbed ln Lhe precedlng secLlon Pe shall
descrlbe Lhe properLy glven as securlLy sLaLlng Lhe naLure of
hls LlLle lLs encumbrances Lhe number and amounL of oLher
balls enLered lnLo by hlm and sLlll undlscharged and hls oLher
llablllLles 1he courL may examlne Lhe sureLles upon oaLh
concernlng Lhelr sufflclency ln such manner as lL may deem
proper no ball shall be approved unless Lhe sureLy ls
quallfled (13a)
Sect|on 14 poslt of cos os boll 1he accused or any
person acLlng ln hls behalf may deposlL ln cash wlLh Lhe
nearesL collecLor or lnLernal revenue or provlnclal clLy or
munlclpal Lreasurer Lhe amounL of ball flxed by Lhe courL or
recommended by Lhe prosecuLor who lnvesLlgaLed or flled Lhe
case upon submlsslon of a proper cerLlflcaLe of deposlL and a
wrlLLen underLaklng showlng compllance wlLh Lhe
requlremenLs of secLlon 2 of Lhls 8ule Lhe accused shall be
dlscharged from cusLody 1he money deposlLed shall be
consldered as ball and applled Lo Lhe paymenL of flne and
cosLs whlle Lhe excess lf any shall be reLurned Lo Lhe accused
or Lo whoever made Lhe deposlL (14a)
Sect|on 1S coqolzooc Whenever allowed by law or
Lhese 8ules Lhe courL may release a person ln cusLody Lo hls
own recognlzance or LhaL of a responslble person (13a)
Sect|on 16 oll wo oot tpoltJ tJocJ boll ot
tcoqolzooc no ball shall be requlred when Lhe law or
Lhese 8ules so provlde
When a person has been ln cusLody for a perlod equal Lo or
more Lhan Lhe posslble maxlmum lmprlsonmenL prescrlbe for
Lhe offense charged he shall be released lmmedlaLely
wlLhouL pre[udlce Lo Lhe conLlnuaLlon of Lhe Lrlal or Lhe
proceedlngs on appeal lf Lhe maxlmum penalLy Lo whlch Lhe
accused may be senLenced ls Jstltto he shall be released
afLer LhlrLy (30) days of prevenLlve lmprlsonmenL
A person ln cusLody for a perlod equal Lo or more Lhan Lhe
mlnlmum of Lhe prlnclpal penalLy prescrlbed for Lhe offense
charged wlLhouL appllcaLlon of Lhe lndeLermlnaLe SenLence
Law or any modlfylng clrcumsLance shall be released on a
reduced ball or on hls own recognlzance aL Lhe dlscreLlon of
Lhe courL (16a)
Sect|on 17 oll wt fllJ (a) 8all ln Lhe amounL flxed
may be flled wlLh Lhe courL where Lhe case ls pendlng or ln
Lhe absence or unavallablllLy of Lhe [udge Lhereof wlLh any
reglonal Lrlal [udge meLropollLan Lrlal [udge munlclpal Lrlal
[udge or munlclpal clrculL Lrlal [udge ln Lhe provlnce clLy or
munlclpallLy lf Lhe accused ls arresLed ln a provlnce clLy or
munlclpallLy oLher Lhan where Lhe case ls pendlng ball may
also be flled wlLh any reglonal Lrlal courL of sald place or lf no
[udge Lhereof ls avallable wlLh any meLropollLan Lrlal [udge
munlclpal Lrlal [udge or munlclpal clrculL Lrlal [udge Lhereln
(b) Where Lhe granL of ball ls a maLLer of dlscreLlon
or Lhe accused seeks Lo be released on recognlzance
Lhe appllcaLlon may only be flled ln Lhe courL where
Lhe case ls pendlng wheLher on prellmlnary
lnvesLlgaLlon Lrlal or on appeal
(c) Any person ln cusLody who ls noL yeL charged ln
courL may apply for ball wlLh any courL ln Lhe
provlnce clLy or munlclpallLy where he ls held (17a)
Sect|on 18 Notlc of oppllcotloo to ptoscotot ln Lhe
appllcaLlon for ball under secLlon 8 of Lhls 8ule Lhe courL
musL glve reasonable noLlce of Lhe hearlng Lo Lhe prosecuLor
or requlre hlm Lo submlL hls recommendaLlon (18a)
Sect|on 19 los oo boll 1he accused musL be
dlscharged upon approval of Lhe ball by Lhe [udge wlLh whom
lL was flled ln accordance wlLh secLlon 17 of Lhls 8ule
Whenever ball ls flled wlLh a courL oLher Lhan where Lhe case
ls pendlng Lhe [udge who accepLed Lhe ball shall forward lL
LogeLher wlLh Lhe order of release and oLher supporLlng
papers Lo Lhe courL where Lhe case ls pendlng whlch may for
good reason requlre a dlfferenL one Lo be flled (19a)
Sect|on 20 loctos ot tJoctloo of boll AfLer Lhe accused
ls admlLLed Lo ball Lhe courL may upon good cause elLher
lncrease or reduce lLs amounL When lncreased Lhe accused
may be commlLLed Lo cusLody lf he does noL glve ball ln Lhe
lncreased amounL wlLhln a reasonable perlod An accused
held Lo answer a crlmlnal charge who ls released wlLhouL ball
upon flllng of Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon may aL any
subsequenL sLage of Lhe proceedlngs and whenever a sLrong
showlng of gullL appears Lo Lhe courL be requlred Lo glve ball
ln Lhe amounL flxed or ln lleu Lhereof commlLLed Lo cusLody
(20a)
Sect|on 21 otfltot of booJ When Lhe presence of Lhe
accused ls requlred by Lhe courL or Lhese 8ules hls bondsmen
shall be noLlfled Lo produce hlm before Lhe courL on a glven
daLe and Llme lf Lhe accused falls Lo appear ln person as
requlred hls ball shall be declared forfelLed and Lhe
bondsmen glven LhlrLy (30) days wlLhln whlch Lo produce Lhelr
prlnclpal and Lo show cause why no [udgmenL should be
rendered agalnsL Lhem for Lhe amounL of Lhelr ball WlLhln
Lhe sald perlod Lhe bondsmen musL
(a) produce Lhe body of Lhelr prlnclpal or glve Lhe
reason for hls nonproducLlon and
(b) explaln why Lhe accused dld noL appear before
Lhe courL when flrsL requlred Lo do so
lalllng ln Lhese Lwo requlslLes a [udgmenL shall be rendered
agalnsL Lhe bondsmen [olnLly and severally for Lhe amounL of
Lhe ball 1he courL shall noL reduce or oLherwlse mlLlgaLe Lhe
llablllLy of Lhe bondsmen unless Lhe accused has been
surrendered or ls acqulLLed (21a)
Sect|on 22 coocllotloo of boll upon appllcaLlon of Lhe
bondsmen wlLh due noLlce Lo Lhe prosecuLor Lhe ball may be
cancelled upon surrender of Lhe accused or proof of hls deaLh
1he ball shall be deemed auLomaLlcally cancelled upon
acqulLLal of Lhe accused dlsmlssal of Lhe case or execuLlon of
Lhe [udgmenL of convlcLlon
ln all lnsLances Lhe cancellaLlon shall be wlLhouL pre[udlce Lo
any llablllLy on Lhe bond (22a)
Sect|on 23 Attst of occosJ oot oo boll lor Lhe purpose
of surrenderlng Lhe accused Lhe bondsmen may arresL hlm
or upon wrlLLen auLhorlLy endorsed on a cerLlfled copy of Lhe
underLaklng cause hlm Lo be arresLed by a pollce offlcer or
any oLher person of sulLable age and dlscreLlon
An accused released on ball may be rearresLed wlLhouL Lhe
necesslLy of a warranL lf he aLLempLs Lo deparL from Lhe
hlllpplnes wlLhouL permlsslon of Lhe courL where Lhe case ls
pendlng (23a)
Sect|on 24 No boll oftt flool oJqmot cptloo no ball
shall be allowed afLer Lhe [udgmenL of convlcLlon has become
flnal lf before such flnallLy Lhe accused has applles for
probaLlon he may be allowed Lemporary llberLy under hls
ball When no ball was flled or Lhe accused ls lncapable of
flllng one Lhe courL may allow hls release on recognlzance Lo
Lhe cusLody of a responslble member of Lhe communlLy ln no
case shall ball be allowed afLer Lhe accused has commenced
Lo serve senLence (24a)
Sect|on 2S coott soptvlsloo of Jtolos 1he courL shall
exerclse supervlslon over all persons ln cusLody for Lhe
purpose of ellmlnaLlng unnecessary deLenLlon 1he execuLlve
[udges of Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal CourLs shall conducL monLhly
personal lnspecLlons of provlnclal clLy and munlclpal [alls and
Lhelr prlsoners wlLhln Lhelr respecLlve [urlsdlcLlons 1hey shall
ascerLaln Lhe number of deLalnees lnqulre on Lhelr proper
accommodaLlon and healLh and examlne Lhe condlLlon of Lhe
[all faclllLles 1hey shall order Lhe segregaLlon of sexes and of
mlnors from adulLs ensure Lhe observance of Lhe rlghL of
deLalnees Lo confer prlvaLely wlLh counsel and sLrlve Lo
ellmlnaLe condlLlons lnlmlcal Lo Lhe deLalnees
ln clLles and munlclpallLles Lo be speclfled by Lhe Supreme
CourL Lhe munlclpal Lrlal [udges or munlclpal clrculL Lrlal
[udges shall conducL monLhly personal lnspecLlons of Lhe
munlclpal [alls ln Lhelr respecLlve munlclpallLles and submlL a
reporL Lo Lhe execuLlve [udge of Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal CourL
havlng [urlsdlcLlon Lhereln
A monLhly reporL of such vlslLaLlon shall be submlLLed by Lhe
execuLlve [udges Lo Lhe CourL AdmlnlsLraLor whlch shall sLaLe
Lhe LoLal number of deLalnees Lhe names of Lhose held for
more Lhan LhlrLy (30) days Lhe duraLlon of deLenLlon Lhe
crlme charged Lhe sLaLus of Lhe case Lhe cause for deLenLlon
and oLher perLlnenL lnformaLlon (23a)
Sect|on 26 oll oot o bot to obctloos oo lllqol ottst lock of
ot lttqolot ptllmlooty lovstlqotloo An appllcaLlon for or
admlsslon Lo ball shall noL bar Lhe accused from challenglng
Lhe valldlLy of hls arresL or Lhe legallLy of Lhe warranL lssued
Lherefor or from assalllng Lhe regularlLy or quesLlonlng Lhe
absence of a prellmlnary lnvesLlgaLlon of Lhe charge agalnsL
hlm provlded LhaL he ralses Lhem before enLerlng hls plea
1he courL shall resolve Lhe maLLer as early as pracLlcable buL
noL laLer Lhan Lhe sLarL of Lhe Lrlal of Lhe case (n)

kULL 11S k|ghts of Accused
Sect|on 1 lqts of occosJ ot t ttlol ln all crlmlnal
prosecuLlons Lhe accused shall be enLlLled Lo Lhe followlng
rlghLs
(a) 1o be presumed lnnocenL unLll Lhe conLrary ls
proved beyond reasonable doubL
(b) 1o be lnformed of Lhe naLure and cause of Lhe
accusaLlon agalnsL hlm
(c) 1o be presenL and defend ln person and by
counsel aL every sLage of Lhe proceedlngs from
arralgnmenL Lo promulgaLlon of Lhe [udgmenL 1he
accused may however walve hls presence aL Lhe
Lrlal pursuanL Lo Lhe sLlpulaLlons seL forLh ln hls ball
unless hls presence ls speclflcally ordered by Lhe
courL for purposes of ldenLlflcaLlon 1he absence of
Lhe accused wlLhouL [usLlflable cause aL Lhe Lrlal of
whlch he had noLlce shall be consldered a walver of
hls rlghL Lo be presenL LhereaL When an accused
under cusLody escapes he shall be deemed Lo have
walved hls rlghL Lo be presenL on all subsequenL Lrlal
daLes unLll cusLody over hlm ls regalned upon
moLlon Lhe accused may be allowed Lo defend
hlmself ln person when lL sufflclenLly appears Lo Lhe
courL LhaL he can properly proLecL hls rlghL wlLhouL
Lhe asslsLance of counsel
(d) 1o LesLlfy as a wlLness ln hls own behalf buL
sub[ecL Lo crossexamlnaLlon on maLLers covered by
dlrecL examlnaLlon Pls sllence shall noL ln any
manner pre[udlce hlm
(e) 1o be exempL from belng compelled Lo be a
wlLness agalnsL hlmself
(f) 1o confronL and crossexamlne Lhe wlLnesses
agalnsL hlm aL Lhe Lrlal LlLher parLy may uLlllze as
parL of lLs evldence Lhe LesLlmony of a wlLness who
ls deceased ouL of or can noL wlLh due dlllgence be
found ln Lhe hlllpplnes unavallable or oLherwlse
unable Lo LesLlfy glven ln anoLher case or
proceedlng [udlclal or admlnlsLraLlve lnvolvlng Lhe
same parLles and sub[ecL maLLer Lhe adverse parLy
havlng Lhe opporLunlLy Lo crossexamlne hlm
(g) 1o have compulsory process lssued Lo secure Lhe
aLLendance of wlLnesses and producLlon of oLher
evldence ln hls behalf
(h) 1o have speedy lmparLlal and publlc Lrlal
(l) 1o appeal ln all cases allowed and ln Lhe manner
prescrlbed by law (1a)

kULL 116 Arra|gnment and |ea
Sect|on 1 Attolqomot ooJ plo ow moJ
(a) 1he accused musL be arralgned before Lhe courL
where Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon was flled or
asslgned for Lrlal 1he arralgnmenL shall be made ln
open courL by Lhe [udge or clerk by furnlshlng Lhe
accused wlLh a copy of Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon
readlng Lhe same ln Lhe language or dlalecL known
Lo hlm and asklng hlm wheLher he pleads gullLy or
noL gullLy 1he prosecuLlon may call aL Lhe Lrlal
wlLnesses oLher Lhan Lhose named ln Lhe complalnL
or lnformaLlon
(b) 1he accused musL be presenL aL Lhe arralgnmenL
and musL personally enLer hls plea 8oLh
arralgnmenL and plea shall be made of record buL
fallure Lo do so shall noL affecL Lhe valldlLy of Lhe
proceedlngs
(c) When Lhe accused refuses Lo plead or makes a
condlLlonal plea a plea of noL gullLy shall be enLered
for hlm (1a)
(d) When Lhe accused pleads gullLy buL presenLs
exculpaLory evldence hls plea shall be deemed
wlLhdrawn and a plea of noL gullLy shall be enLered
for hlm (n)
(e) When Lhe accused ls under prevenLlve deLenLlon
hls case shall be raffled and lLs records LransmlLLed
Lo Lhe [udge Lo whom Lhe case was raffled wlLhln
Lhree (3) days from Lhe flllng of Lhe lnformaLlon or
complalnL 1he accused shall be arralgned wlLhln Len
(10) days from Lhe daLe of Lhe raffle 1he preLrlal
conference of hls case shall be held wlLhln Len (10)
days afLer arralgnmenL (n)
(f) 1he prlvaLe offended parLy shall be requlred Lo
appear aL Lhe arralgnmenL for purposes of plea
bargalnlng deLermlnaLlon of clvll llablllLy and oLher
maLLers requlrlng hls presence ln case of fallure of
Lhe offended parLy Lo appear desplLe due noLlce Lhe
courL may allow Lhe accused Lo enLer a plea of gullLy
Lo a lesser offense whlch ls necessarlly lncluded ln
Lhe offense charged wlLh Lhe conformlLy of Lhe Lrlal
prosecuLor alone (clr 189)
(g) unless a shorLer perlod ls provlded by speclal law
or Supreme CourL clrcular Lhe arralgnmenL shall be
held wlLhln LhlrLy (30) days from Lhe daLe Lhe courL
acqulres [urlsdlcLlon over Lhe person of Lhe accused
1he Llme of Lhe pendency of a moLlon Lo quash or
for a blll of parLlculars or oLher causes [usLlfylng
suspenslon of Lhe arralgnmenL shall be excluded ln
compuLlng Lhe perlod (sec 2 clr 3898)
Sect|on 2 9lo of qollty to o lsst offos AL arralgnmenL
Lhe accused wlLh Lhe consenL of Lhe offended parLy and Lhe
prosecuLor may be allowed by Lhe Lrlal courL Lo plead gullLy
Lo a lesser offense whlch ls necessarlly lncluded ln Lhe offense
charged AfLer arralgnmenL buL before Lrlal Lhe accused may
sLlll be allowed Lo plead gullLy Lo sald lesser offense afLer
wlLhdrawlng hls plea of noL gullLy no amendmenL of Lhe
complalnL or lnformaLlon ls necessary (sec 4 clrc 3898)
Sect|on 3 9lo of qollty to copltol offos tcptloo of
vlJoc When Lhe accused pleads gullLy Lo a caplLal
offense Lhe courL shall conducL a searchlng lnqulry lnLo Lhe
volunLarlness and full comprehenslon of Lhe consequences of
hls plea and requlre Lhe prosecuLlon Lo prove hls gullL and Lhe
preclse degree of culpablllLy 1he accused may presenL
evldence ln hls behalf (3a)
Sect|on 4 9lo of qollty to ooocopltol offos tcptloo of
vlJoc Jlscttloooty When Lhe accused pleads gullLy Lo
a noncaplLal offense Lhe courL may recelve evldence from
Lhe parLles Lo deLermlne Lhe penalLy Lo be lmposed (4)
Sect|on S JltJtowol of lmptovlJot plo of qollty AL any
Llme before Lhe [udgmenL of convlcLlon becomes flnal Lhe
courL may permlL an lmprovldenL plea of gullLy Lo be
wlLhdrawn and be subsLlLuLed by a plea of noL gullLy (3)
Sect|on 6 oty of coott to lofotm occosJ of ls tlqt to
cooosl 8efore arralgnmenL Lhe courL shall lnform Lhe
accused of hls rlghL Lo counsel and ask hlm lf he deslres Lo
have one unless Lhe accused ls allowed Lo defend hlmself ln
person or has employed a counsel of hls cholce Lhe courL
musL asslgn a counsel J oflclo Lo defend hlm (6a)
Sect|on 7 Appolotmot of cooosl J oflclo 1he courL
conslderlng Lhe gravlLy of Lhe offense and Lhe dlfflculLy of Lhe
quesLlons LhaL may arlse shall appolnL as counsel J
oflclo only such members of Lhe bar ln good sLandlng who by
reason of Lhelr experlence and ablllLy can compeLenLly
defend Lhe accused 8uL ln locallLles where such members of
Lhe bar are noL avallable Lhe courL may appolnL any person
resldenL of Lhe provlnce and of good repuLe for problLy and
ablllLy Lo defend Lhe accused (7a)
Sect|on 8 @lm fot cooosl J oflclo to ptpot fot
ottolqomot Whenever a counsel J oflclo ls appolnLed by
Lhe courL Lo defend Lhe accused aL Lhe arralgnmenL he shall
be glven a reasonable Llme Lo consulL wlLh Lhe accused as Lo
hls plea before proceedlng wlLh Lhe arralgnmenL (8)
Sect|on 9 lll of pottlcolots 1he accused may before
arralgnmenL move for a blll of parLlculars Lo enable hlm
properly Lo plead and Lo prepare for Lrlal 1he moLlon shall
speclfy Lhe alleged defecLs of Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon
and Lhe deLalls deslred (10a)
Sect|on 10 9toJoctloo ot lospctloo of mottlol vlJoc lo
possssloo of ptoscotloo upon moLlon of Lhe accused
showlng good cause and wlLh noLlce Lo Lhe parLles Lhe courL
ln order Lo prevenL surprlse suppresslon or alLeraLlon may
order Lhe prosecuLlon Lo produce and permlL Lhe lnspecLlon
and copylng or phoLographlng of any wrlLLen sLaLemenL glven
by Lhe complalnanL and oLher wlLnesses ln any lnvesLlgaLlon
of Lhe offense conducLed by Lhe prosecuLlon or oLher
lnvesLlgaLlng offlcers as well as any deslgnaLed documenLs
papers books accounLs leLLers phoLographs ob[ecLs or
Langlble Lhlngs noL oLherwlse prlvlleged whlch consLlLuLe or
conLaln evldence maLerlal Lo any maLLer lnvolved ln Lhe case
and whlch are ln Lhe possesslon or under Lhe conLrol of Lhe
prosecuLlon pollce or oLher law lnvesLlgaLlng agencles (11a)
Sect|on 11 5osposloo of ottolqomot upon moLlon by
Lhe proper parLy Lhe arralgnmenL shall be suspended ln Lhe
followlng cases
(a) 1he accused appears Lo be sufferlng from an
unsound menLal condlLlon whlch effecLlve renders
hlm unable Lo fully undersLand Lhe charge agalnsL
hlm and Lo plead lnLelllgenLly LhereLo ln such case
Lhe courL shall order hls menLal examlnaLlon and lf
necessary hls conflnemenL for such purpose
(b) 1here exlsLs a pre[udlclal quesLlon and
(c) A peLlLlon for revlew of Lhe resoluLlon of Lhe
prosecuLor ls pendlng aL elLher Lhe ueparLmenL of
!usLlce or Lhe Cfflce of Lhe resldenL ptovlJJ LhaL
Lhe perlod of suspenslon shall noL exceed slxLy (60)
days counLed from Lhe flllng of Lhe peLlLlon wlLh Lhe
revlewlng offlce (12a)

kULL 117 Mot|on to uash
Sect|on 1 @lm to mov to poos AL any Llme before
enLerlng hls plea Lhe accused may move Lo quash Lhe
complalnL or lnformaLlon (1)
Sect|on 2 otm ooJ cootots 1he moLlon Lo quash shall be
ln wrlLlng slgned by Lhe accused or hls counsel and shall
dlsLlncLly speclfy lLs facLual and legal grounds 1he courL shall
conslder no ground oLher Lhan Lhose sLaLed ln Lhe moLlon
excepL lack of [urlsdlcLlon over Lhe offense charged (2a)
Sect|on 3 toooJs 1he accused may move Lo quash Lhe
complalnL or lnformaLlon on any of Lhe followlng grounds
(a) 1haL Lhe facLs charged do noL consLlLuLe an
offense
(b) 1haL Lhe courL Lrylng Lhe case has no [urlsdlcLlon
over Lhe offense charged
(c) 1haL Lhe courL Lrylng Lhe case has no [urlsdlcLlon
over Lhe person of Lhe accused
(d) 1haL Lhe offlcer who flled Lhe lnformaLlon had no
auLhorlLy Lo do so
(e) 1haL lL does noL conform subsLanLlally Lo Lhe
prescrlbed form
(f) 1haL more Lhan one offense ls charged excepL
when a slngle punlshmenL for varlous offenses ls
prescrlbed by law
(g) 1haL Lhe crlmlnal acLlon or llablllLy has been
exLlngulshed
(h) 1haL lL conLalns avermenLs whlch lf Lrue would
consLlLuLe a legal excuse or [usLlflcaLlon and
(l) 1haL Lhe accused has been prevlously convlcLed or
acqulLLed of Lhe offense charged or Lhe case agalnsL
hlm was dlsmlssed or oLherwlse LermlnaLed wlLhouL
hls express consenL (3a)
Sect|on 4 AmoJmot of t complolot ot lofotmotloo lf
Lhe moLlon Lo quash ls based on an alleged defecL of Lhe
complalnL or lnformaLlon whlch can be cured by amendmenL
Lhe courL shall order LhaL an amendmenL be made (4a)
lf lL ls based on Lhe ground LhaL Lhe facLs charged do noL
consLlLuLe an offense Lhe prosecuLlon shall be glven by Lhe
courL an opporLunlLy Lo correcL Lhe defecL by amendmenL
1he moLlon shall be granLed lf Lhe prosecuLlon falls Lo make
Lhe amendmenL or Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon sLlll suffers
from Lhe same defecL desplLe Lhe amendmenL (n)
Sect|on S ffct of sostololoq t motloo to poos lf Lhe
moLlon Lo quash ls susLalned Lhe courL may order LhaL
anoLher complalnL or lnformaLlon be flled excepL as provlded
ln secLlon 6 of Lhls rule lf Lhe order ls made Lhe accused lf ln
cusLody shall noL be dlscharged unless admlLLed Lo ball lf no
order ls made or lf havlng been made no new lnformaLlon ls
flled wlLhln Lhe Llme speclfled ln Lhe order or wlLhln such
furLher Llme as Lhe courL may allow for good cause Lhe
accused lf ln cusLody shall be dlscharged unless he ls also ln
cusLody for anoLher charge (3a)
Sect|on 6 tJt sostololoq t motloo to poos oot o bot to
ooott ptoscotloo cptloo An order susLalnlng Lhe
moLlon Lo quash ls noL a bar Lo anoLher prosecuLlon for Lhe
same offense unless Lhe moLlon was based on Lhe grounds
speclfled ln secLlon 3 (g) and (l) of Lhls 8ule (6a)
Sect|on 7 otmt coovlctloo ot ocpolttol Joobl opotJy
When an accused has been convlcLed or acqulLLed or Lhe case
agalnsL hlm dlsmlssed or oLherwlse LermlnaLed wlLhouL hls
express consenL by a courL of compeLenL [urlsdlcLlon upon a
valld complalnL or lnformaLlon or oLher formal charge
sufflclenL ln form and subsLance Lo susLaln a convlcLlon and
afLer Lhe accused had pleaded Lo Lhe charge Lhe convlcLlon or
acqulLLal of Lhe accused or Lhe dlsmlssal of Lhe case shall be a
bar Lo anoLher prosecuLlon for Lhe offense charged or for any
aLLempL Lo commlL Lhe same or frusLraLlon Lhereof or for any
offense whlch necessarlly lncludes or ls necessarlly lncluded ln
Lhe offense charged ln Lhe former complalnL or lnformaLlon
Powever Lhe convlcLlon of Lhe accused shall noL be a bar Lo
anoLher prosecuLlon for an offense whlch necessarlly lncludes
Lhe offense charged ln Lhe former complalnL or lnformaLlon
under any of Lhe followlng lnsLances
(a) Lhe graver offense developed due Lo supervenlng
facLs arlslng from Lhe same acL or omlsslon
consLlLuLlng Lhe former charge
(b) Lhe facLs consLlLuLlng Lhe graver charge became
known or were dlscovered only afLer a plea was
enLered ln Lhe former complalnL or lnformaLlon or
(c) Lhe plea of gullLy Lo Lhe lesser offense was made
wlLhouL Lhe consenL of Lhe prosecuLor and of Lhe
offended parLy excepL as provlded ln secLlon 1 (f) of
8ule 116
ln any of Lhe foregolng cases where Lhe accused saLlsfles or
serves ln whole or ln parL Lhe [udgmenL he shall be credlLed
wlLh Lhe same ln Lhe evenL of convlcLlon for Lhe graver
offense (7a)
Sect|on 8 9tovlsloool Jlsmlssol A case shall noL be
provlslonally dlsmlssed excepL wlLh Lhe express consenL of Lhe
accused and wlLh noLlce Lo Lhe offended parLy
1he provlslonal dlsmlssal of offenses punlshable by
lmprlsonmenL noL exceedlng slx (6) years or a flne of any
amounL or boLh shall become permanenL one (1) year afLer
lssuance of Lhe order wlLhouL Lhe case havlng been revlved
WlLh respecL Lo offenses punlshable by lmprlsonmenL of more
Lhan slx (6) years Lhelr provlslonal dlsmlssal shall become
permanenL Lwo (2) years afLer lssuance of Lhe order wlLhouL
Lhe case havlng been revlved (n)
Sect|on 9 ollot to mov to poos ot to ollq ooy qtoooJ
ttfot 1he fallure of Lhe accused Lo asserL any ground of
a moLlon Lo quash before he pleads Lo Lhe complalnL or
lnformaLlon elLher because he dld noL flle a moLlon Lo quash
or falled Lo allege Lhe same ln sald moLlon shall be deemed a
walver of any ob[ecLlons based on Lhe grounds provlded for ln
paragraphs (a) (b) (g) and (l) of secLlon 3 of Lhls 8ule (8)

kULL 118 re1r|a|
Sect|on 1 9tttlol mooJototy lo ctlmlool coss ln all
crlmlnal cases cognlzable by Lhe Sandlganbayan 8eglonal 1rlal
CourL MeLropollLan 1rlal CourL Munlclpal 1rlal CourL ln ClLles
Munlclpal 1rlal CourL and Munlclpal ClrculL 1rlal CourL Lhe
courL shall afLer arralgnmenL and wlLhln LhlrLy (30) days from
Lhe daLe Lhe courL acqulres [urlsdlcLlon over Lhe person of Lhe
accused unless a shorLer perlod ls provlded for ln speclal laws
or clrculars of Lhe Supreme CourL order a preLrlal conference
Lo conslder Lhe followlng
(a) plea bargalnlng
(b) sLlpulaLlon of facLs
(c) marklng for ldenLlflcaLlon of evldence of Lhe
parLles
(d) walver of ob[ecLlons Lo admlsslblllLy of evldence
(e) modlflcaLlon of Lhe order of Lrlal lf Lhe accused
admlLs Lhe charge buL lnLerposes a lawful defense
and
(f) such oLher maLLers as wlll promoLe a falr and
expedlLlous Lrlal of Lhe crlmlnal and clvll aspecLs of
Lhe case (secs 2 and 3 clr 3898)
Sect|on 2 9tttlol oqtmot All agreemenLs or
admlsslons made or enLered durlng Lhe preLrlal conference
shall be reduced ln wrlLlng and slgned by Lhe accused and
counsel oLherwlse Lhey cannoL be used agalnsL Lhe accused
1he agreemenLs coverlng Lhe maLLers referred Lo ln secLlon 1
of Lhls 8ule shall be approved by Lhe courL (sec 4 clr 3898)
Sect|on 3 Noooppotooc ot ptttlol cooftoc lf Lhe
counsel for Lhe accused or Lhe prosecuLor does noL appear aL
Lhe preLrlal conference and does noL offer an accepLable
excuse for hls lack of cooperaLlon Lhe courL may lmpose
proper sancLlons or penalLles (se 3 clr 3898)
Sect|on 4 9tttlol otJt AfLer Lhe preLrlal conference
Lhe courL shall lssue an order reclLlng Lhe acLlons Laken Lhe
facLs sLlpulaLed and evldence marked Such order shall blnd
Lhe parLles llmlL Lhe Lrlal Lo maLLers noL dlsposed of and
conLrol Lhe course of Lhe acLlon durlng Lhe Lrlal unless
modlfled by Lhe courL Lo prevenL manlfesL ln[usLlce (3)

kULL 119 1r|a|
Sect|on 1 @lm to ptpot fot ttlol AfLer a plea of noL
gullLy ls enLered Lhe accused shall have aL leasL flfLeen (13)
days Lo prepare for Lrlal 1he Lrlal shall commence wlLhln
LhlrLy (30) days from recelpL of Lhe preLrlal order (sec 6 clr
3898)
Sect|on 2 cootloooos ttlol ootll ttmlootJ postpoomots
1rlal once commenced shall conLlnue from day Lo day as far
as pracLlcable unLll LermlnaLed lL may be posLponed for a
reasonable perlod of Llme for good cause (2a)
1he courL shall afLer consulLaLlon wlLh Lhe prosecuLor and
defense counsel seL Lhe case for conLlnuous Lrlal on a weekly
or oLher shorLLerm Lrlal calendar aL Lhe earllesL posslble Llme
so as Lo ensure speedy Lrlal ln no case shall Lhe enLlre Lrlal
perlod exceed one hundred elghLy (180) days from Lhe flrsL
day of Lrlal excepL as oLherwlse auLhorlzed by Lhe Supreme
CourL (sec 8 clr 3898)
1he Llme llmlLaLlons provlded under Lhls secLlon and Lhe
precedlng secLlon shall noL apply where speclal laws or
clrculars of Lhe Supreme CourL provlde for a shorLer perlod of
Lrlal (n)
Sect|on 3 closloos 1he followlng perlods of delay shall
be excluded ln compuLlng Lhe Llme wlLhln whlch Lrlal musL
commence
(a) Any perlod of delay resulLlng from oLher proceedlngs
concernlng Lhe accused lncludlng buL noL llmlLed Lo Lhe
followlng
(1) uelay resulLlng from an examlnaLlon of Lhe
physlcal and menLal condlLlon of Lhe accused
(2) uelay resulLlng from proceedlngs wlLh respecL Lo
oLher crlmlnal charges agalnsL Lhe accused
(3) uelay resulLlng from exLraordlnary remedles
agalnsL lnLerlocuLory orders
(4) uelay resulLlng from preLrlal proceedlngs
provlded LhaL Lhe delay does noL exceed LhlrLy (30)
days
(3) uelay resulLlng from orders of lnhlblLlon or
proceedlngs relaLlng Lo change of venue of cases or
Lransfer from oLher courLs
(6) uelay resulLlng from a flndlng of Lhe exlsLence of
a pre[udlclal quesLlon and
(7) uelay reasonably aLLrlbuLable Lo any perlod noL
exceed LhlrLy (30) days durlng whlch any proceedlng
whlch any proceedlng concernlng Lhe accused ls
acLually under advlsemenL
(b) Any perlod of delay resulLlng from Lhe absence or
unavallablllLy of an essenLlal wlLness
lor purposes of Lhls subparagraph an essenLlal wlLness shall
be consldered absenL when hls whereabouLs are unknown or
hls whereabouLs cannoL be deLermlned by due dlllgence Pe
shall be consldered unavallable whenever hls whereabouLs
are known buL hls presence for Lrlal cannoL be obLalned by
due dlllgence
(c) Any perlod of delay resulLlng from Lhe menLal
lncompeLence or physlcal lnablllLy of Lhe accused Lo sLand
Lrlal
(d) lf Lhe lnformaLlon ls dlsmlssed upon moLlon of Lhe
prosecuLlon and LhereafLer a charge ls flled agalnsL Lhe
accused for Lhe same offense any perlod of delay from Lhe
daLe Lhe charge was dlsmlssed Lo Lhe daLe Lhe Llme llmlLaLlon
would commence Lo run as Lo Lhe subsequenL charge had
Lhere been no prevlous charge
(e) A reasonable perlod of delay when Lhe accused ls [olned
for Lrlal wlLh a coaccused over whom Lhe courL has noL
acqulred [urlsdlcLlon or as Lo whom Lhe Llme for Lrlal has noL
run and no moLlon for separaLe Lrlal has been granLed
(f) Any perlod of delay resulLlng from a conLlnuance granLed
by any courL moto ptoptlo or on moLlon of elLher Lhe accused
or hls counsel or Lhe prosecuLlon lf Lhe courL granLed Lhe
conLlnuance on Lhe basls of lLs flndlngs seL forLh ln Lhe order
LhaL Lhe ends of [usLlce served by Laklng such acLlon ouLwelgh
Lhe besL lnLeresL of Lhe publlc and Lhe accused ln a speedy
Lrlal (sec 9 clr 3898)
Sect|on 4 octots fot qtootloq cootlooooc 1he followlng
facLors among oLhers shall be consldered by a courL ln
deLermlnlng wheLher Lo granL a conLlnuance under secLlon
3(f) of Lhls 8ule
(a) WheLher or noL Lhe fallure Lo granL a conLlnuance
ln Lhe proceedlng would llkely make a conLlnuaLlon
of such proceedlng lmposslble or resulL ln a
mlscarrlage of [usLlce and
(b) WheLher or noL Lhe case Laken as a whole ls so
novel unusual and complex due Lo Lhe number of
accused or Lhe naLure of Lhe prosecuLlon or LhaL lL ls
unreasonable Lo expecL adequaLe preparaLlon wlLhln
Lhe perlods of Llme esLabllshed Lhereln
ln addlLlon no conLlnuance under secLlon 3(f) of Lhls 8ule
shall be granLed because of congesLlon of Lhe courLs calendar
or lack of dlllgenL preparaLlon or fallure Lo obLaln avallable
wlLnesses on Lhe parL of Lhe prosecuLor (sec 10 clr 3898)
Sect|on S @lm llmlt followloq oo otJt fot ow ttlol lf Lhe
accused ls Lo be Lrled agaln pursuanL Lo an order for a new
Lrlal Lhe Lrlal shall commence wlLhln LhlrLy (30) days from
noLlce of Lhe order provlded LhaL lf Lhe perlod becomes
lmpracLlcal due Lo unavallablllLy of wlLnesses and oLher
facLors Lhe courL may exLend lL buL noL Lo exceed one
hundred elghLy (180) days from noLlce of sald order for a new
Lrlal (sec 11 clr 3898)
Sect|on 6 toJJ tlm llmlt noLwlLhsLandlng Lhe
provlslons of secLlon 1(g) 8ule 116 and Lhe precedlng secLlon
1 for Lhe flrsL LwelvecalendarmonLh perlod followlng lLs
effecLlvlLy on SepLember 13 1998 Lhe Llme llmlL wlLh respecL
Lo Lhe perlod from arralgnmenL Lo Lrlal lmposed by sald
provlslon shall be one hundred elghLy (180) days lor Lhe
second LwelvemonLh perlod Lhe llmlL shall be one hundred
LwenLy (120) days and for Lhe Lhlrd LwelvemonLh perlod Lhe
Llme llmlL shall be elghLy (80) days (sec 7 clr 3898)
Sect|on 7 9obllc ottotoys Jotls wt occosJ ls
lmptlsooJ lf Lhe publlc aLLorney asslgned Lo defend a
person charged wlLh a crlme knows LhaL Lhe laLLer ls
prevenLlvely deLalned elLher because he ls charged wlLh a
ballable crlme buL has no means Lo posL ball or ls charged
wlLh a nonballable crlme or ls servlng a Lerm of
lmprlsonmenL ln any penal lnsLlLuLlon lL shall be hls duLy Lo
do Lhe followlng
(a) Shall prompLly underLake Lo obLaln Lhe presence
of Lhe prlsoner for Lrlal or cause a noLlce Lo be
served on Lhe person havlng cusLody of Lhe prlsoner
requlrlng such person Lo so advlse Lhe prlsoner of hls
rlghL Lo demand Lrlal
(b) upon recelpL of LhaL noLlce Lhe cusLodlan of Lhe
prlsoner shall prompLly advlse Lhe prlsoner of Lhe
charge and of hls rlghL Lo demand Lrlal lf aL anyLlme
LhereafLer Lhe prlsoner lnforms hls cusLodlan LhaL he
demands such Lrlal Lhe laLLer shall cause noLlce Lo
LhaL effecL Lo senL prompLly Lo Lhe publlc aLLorney
(c) upon recelpL of such noLlce Lhe publlc aLLorney
shall prompLly seek Lo obLaln Lhe presence of Lhe
prlsoner for Lrlal
(d) When Lhe cusLodlan of Lhe prlsoner recelves from
Lhe publlc aLLorney a properly supporLed requesL for
Lhe avallablllLy of Lhe prlsoner for purposes of Lrlal
Lhe prlsoner shall be made avallable accordlngly
(sec 12 clr 3898)
Sect|on 8 5ooctloos ln any case ln whlch prlvaLe counsel
for Lhe accused Lhe publlc aLLorney or Lhe prosecuLor
(a) knowlngly allows Lhe case Lo be seL for Lrlal
wlLhouL dlscloslng LhaL a necessary wlLness would be
unavallable for Lrlal
(b) llles a moLlon solely for delay whlch he knows ls
LoLally frlvolous and wlLhouL merlL
(c) Makes a sLaLemenL for Lhe purpose of obLalnlng
conLlnuance whlch he knows Lo be false and whlch ls
maLerlal Lo Lhe granLlng of a conLlnuance or
(d) Wlllfully falls Lo proceed Lo Lrlal wlLhouL
[usLlflcaLlon conslsLenL wlLh Lhe provlslons hereof
Lhe courL may punlsh such counsel aLLorney or
prosecuLlon as follows
(1) 8y lmposlng on a counsel prlvaLely
reLalned ln connecLlon wlLh Lhe defense of
an accused a flne noL exceedlng LwenLy
Lhousand pesos (2000000)
(2) 8y lmposlng on any appolnLed
counsel J oflclo publlc aLLorney or
prosecuLor a flne noL exceedlng flve
Lhousand pesos (300000) and
(3) 8y denylng any defense counsel or
prosecuLor Lhe rlghL Lo pracLlce before Lhe
courL Lrylng Lhe case for a perlod noL
exceedlng LhlrLy (30) days 1he punlshmenL
provlded for by Lhls secLlon shall be
wlLhouL pre[udlce Lo any approprlaLe
crlmlnal acLlon or oLher sancLlon
auLhorlzed under Lhese rules (sec 13 clr
3898)
Sect|on 9 mJy wt occosJ ls oot btooqt to ttlol wltlo
t tlm llmlt lf Lhe accused ls noL broughL Lo Lrlal wlLhln
Lhe Llme llmlL requlred by SecLlon 1(g) 8ule 116 and SecLlon
1 as exLended by SecLlon 6 of Lhls rule Lhe lnformaLlon may
be dlsmlssed on moLlon of Lhe accused on Lhe ground of
denlal of hls rlghL of speedy Lrlal 1he accused shall have Lhe
burden of provlng Lhe moLlon buL Lhe prosecuLlon shall have
Lhe burden of golng forward wlLh Lhe evldence Lo esLabllsh
Lhe excluslon of Llme under secLlon 3 of Lhls rule 1he
dlsmlssal shall be sub[ecL Lo Lhe rules on double [eopardy
lallure of Lhe accused Lo move for dlsmlssal prlor Lo Lrlal shall
consLlLuLe a walver of Lhe rlghL Lo dlsmlss under Lhls secLlon
(sec 14 clr 3898)
Sect|on 10 ow oo spJy ttlol oot o bot to ptovlsloo oo
spJy ttlol lo t coostltotloo no provlslon of law on
speedy Lrlal and no rule lmplemenLlng Lhe same shall be
lnLerpreLed as a bar Lo any charge of denlal of Lhe rlghL Lo
speedy Lrlal guaranLeed by secLlon 14(2) arLlcle lll of Lhe
1987 ConsLlLuLlon (sec 13 clr 3898)
Sect|on 11 tJt of ttlol 1he Lrlal shall proceed ln Lhe
followlng order
(a) 1he prosecuLlon shall presenL evldence Lo prove
Lhe charge and ln Lhe proper case Lhe clvll llablllLy
(b) 1he accused may presenL evldence Lo prove hls
defense and damages lf any arlslng from Lhe
lssuance of a provlslonal remedy ln Lhe case
(c) 1he prosecuLlon and Lhe defense may ln LhaL
order presenL rebuLLal and surrebuLLal evldence
unless Lhe courL ln furLherance of [usLlce permlLs
Lhem Lo presenL addlLlonal evldence bearlng upon
Lhe maln lssue
(d) upon admlsslon of Lhe evldence of Lhe parLles
Lhe case shall be deemed submlLLed for declslon
unless Lhe courL dlrecLs Lhem Lo argue orally or Lo
submlL wrlLLen memoranda
(e) When Lhe accused admlLs Lhe acL or omlsslon
charged ln Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon buL
lnLerposes a lawful defense Lhe order of Lrlal may be
modlfled (3a)
Sect|on 12 Appllcotloo fot omlootloo of wltoss fot occosJ
bfot ttlol When Lhe accused has been held Lo answer for
an offense he may upon moLlon wlLh noLlce Lo Lhe oLher
parLles have wlLnesses condlLlonally examlned ln hls behalf
1he moLlon shall sLaLe (a) Lhe name and resldence of Lhe
wlLness (b) Lhe subsLance of hls LesLlmony and (c) LhaL Lhe
wlLness ls slck or lnflrm as Lo afford reasonable ground for
bellevlng LhaL he wlll noL be able Lo aLLend Lhe Lrlal or resldes
more Lhan one hundred (100) kllomeLers from Lhe place of
Lrlal and has no means Lo aLLend Lhe same or LhaL oLher
slmllar clrcumsLances exlsL LhaL would make hlm unavallable
or prevenL hlm from aLLendlng Lhe Lrlal 1he moLlon shall be
supporLed by an affldavlL of Lhe accused and such oLher
evldence as Lhe courL may requlre (4a)
Sect|on 13 omlootloo of Jfos wltoss ow moJ lf
Lhe courL ls saLlsfled LhaL Lhe examlnaLlon of a wlLness for Lhe
accused ls necessary an order wlll be made dlrecLlng LhaL Lhe
wlLness be examlned aL a speclfled daLe Llme and place and
LhaL a copy of Lhe order be served on Lhe prosecuLor aL leasL
Lhree (3) days before Lhe scheduled examlnaLlon 1he
examlnaLlon shall be Laken before a [udge or lf noL
pracLlcable a member of Lhe 8ar ln good sLandlng so
deslgnaLed by Lhe [udge ln Lhe order or lf Lhe order be made
by a courL of superlor [urlsdlcLlon before an lnferlor courL Lo
be deslgnaLed Lhereln 1he examlnaLlon shall proceed
noLwlLhsLandlng Lhe absence of Lhe prosecuLor provlded he
was duly noLlfled of Lhe hearlng A wrlLLen record of Lhe
LesLlmony shall be Laken (3a)
Sect|on 14 oll to scot oppotooc of mottlol wltoss
When Lhe courL ls saLlsfled upon proof or oaLh LhaL a
maLerlal wlLness wlll noL LesLlfy when requlred lL may upon
moLlon of elLher parLy order Lhe wlLness Lo posL ball ln such
sum as may be deemed proper upon refusal Lo posL ball Lhe
courL shall commlL hlm Lo prlson unLll he complles or ls legally
dlscharged afLer hls LesLlmony has been Laken (6a)
Sect|on 1S omlootloo of wltoss fot t ptoscotloo
When lL saLlsfacLorlly appears LhaL a wlLness for Lhe
prosecuLlon ls Loo slck or lnflrm Lo appear aL Lhe Lrlal as
dlrecLed by Lhe order of Lhe courL or has Lo leave Lhe
hlllpplnes wlLh no deflnlLe daLe of reLurnlng he may
forLhwlLh be condlLlonally examlned before Lhe courL where
Lhe case ls pendlng Such examlnaLlon ln Lhe presence of Lhe
accused or ln hls absence afLer reasonable noLlce Lo aLLend
Lhe examlnaLlon has been served on hlm shall be conducLed
ln Lhe same manner as an examlnaLlon aL Lhe Lrlal lallure or
refusal of Lhe accused Lo aLLend Lhe examlnaLlon afLer noLlce
shall be consldered a walver 1he sLaLemenL Laken may be
admlLLed ln behalf of or agalnsL Lhe accused (7a)
Sect|on 16 @tlol of svtol occosJ When Lwo or more
accused are [olnLly charged wlLh any offense Lhey shall be
Lrled [olnLly unless Lhe courL ln lLs dlscreLlon and upon moLlon
of Lhe prosecuLor or any accused orders separaLe Lrlal for one
or more accused (8a)
Sect|on 17 lscotq of occosJ to b stot wltoss When
Lwo or more persons are [olnLly charged wlLh Lhe commlsslon
of any offense upon moLlon of Lhe prosecuLlon before resLlng
lLs case Lhe courL may dlrecL one or more of Lhe accused Lo
be dlscharged wlLh Lhelr consenL so LhaL Lhey may be
wlLnesses for Lhe sLaLe when afLer requlrlng Lhe prosecuLlon
Lo presenL evldence and Lhe sworn sLaLemenL of each
proposed sLaLe wlLness aL a hearlng ln supporL of Lhe
dlscharge Lhe courL ls saLlsfled LhaL
(a) 1here ls absoluLe necesslLy for Lhe LesLlmony of
Lhe accused whose dlscharge ls requesLed
(b) 1he ls no oLher dlrecL evldence avallable for Lhe
proper prosecuLlon of Lhe offense commlLLed
excepL Lhe LesLlmony of sald accused
(c) 1he LesLlmony of sald accused can be
subsLanLlally corroboraLed ln lLs maLerlal polnLs
(d) Sald accused does noL appear Lo be Lhe mosL
gullLy and
(e) Sald accused has noL aL any Llme been convlcLed
of any offense lnvolvlng moral LurplLude
Lvldence adduced ln supporL of Lhe dlscharge shall
auLomaLlcally form parL of Lhe Lrlal lf Lhe courL denles Lhe
moLlon for dlscharge of Lhe accused as sLaLe wlLness hls
sworn sLaLemenL shall be lnadmlsslble ln evldence (9a)
Sect|on 18 lscotq of occosJ optots os ocpolttol 1he
order lndlcaLed ln Lhe precedlng secLlon shall amounL Lo an
acqulLLal of Lhe dlscharged accused and shall be a bar Lo
fuLure prosecuLlon for Lhe same offense unless Lhe accused
falls or refuses Lo LesLlfy agalnsL hls coaccused ln accordance
wlLh hls sworn sLaLemenL consLlLuLlng Lhe basls for Lhe
dlscharge (10a)
Sect|on 19 Jo mlstok os bo moJ lo cotqloq t
ptopt offos When lL becomes manlfesL aL any Llme
before [udgmenL LhaL a mlsLake has been made ln charglng
Lhe proper offense and Lhe accused cannoL be convlcLed of
Lhe offense charged or any oLher offense necessarlly lncluded
Lhereln Lhe accused shall noL be dlscharged lf Lhere appears
good cause Lo deLaln hlm ln such case Lhe courL shall commlL
Lhe accused Lo answer for Lhe proper offense and dlsmlss Lhe
orlglnal case upon Lhe flllng of Lhe proper lnformaLlon (11a)
Sect|on 20 Appolotmot of octloq ptoscotot When a
prosecuLor hls asslsLanL or depuLy ls dlsquallfled Lo acL due Lo
any of Lhe grounds sLaLed ln secLlon 1 of 8ule 137 or for any
oLher reasons Lhe [udge or Lhe prosecuLor shall communlcaLe
wlLh Lhe SecreLary of !usLlce ln order LhaL Lhe laLLer may
appolnL an acLlng prosecuLor (12a)
Sect|on 21 closloo of t pobllc 1he [udge may moto
ptoptlo exclude Lhe publlc from Lhe courLroom lf Lhe
evldence Lo be produced durlng Lhe Lrlal ls offenslve Lo
decency or publlc morals Pe may also on moLlon of Lhe
accused exclude Lhe publlc from Lhe Lrlal excepL courL
personnel and Lhe counsel of Lhe parLles (13a)
Sect|on 22 coosollJotloo of ttlols of tlotJ offoss
Charges for offenses founded on Lhe same facLs or formlng
parL of a serles of offenses of slmllar characLer may be Lrled
[olnLly aL Lhe dlscreLlon of Lhe courL (14a)
Sect|on 23 mottt to vlJoc AfLer Lhe prosecuLlon
resLs lLs case Lhe courL may dlsmlss Lhe acLlon on Lhe ground
of lnsufflclency of evldence (1) on lLs own lnlLlaLlve afLer
glvlng Lhe prosecuLlon Lhe opporLunlLy Lo be heard or (2)
upon demurrer Lo evldence flled by Lhe accused wlLh or
wlLhouL leave of courL
lf Lhe courL denles Lhe demurrer Lo evldence flled wlLh leave
of courL Lhe accused may adduce evldence ln hls defense
When Lhe demurrer Lo evldence ls flled wlLhouL leave of
courL Lhe accused walves Lhe rlghL Lo presenL evldence and
submlLs Lhe case for [udgmenL on Lhe basls of Lhe evldence for
Lhe prosecuLlon (13a)
1he moLlon for leave of courL Lo flle demurrer Lo evldence
shall speclflcally sLaLe lLs grounds and shall be flled wlLhln a
nonexLendlble perlod of flve (3) days afLer Lhe prosecuLlon
resLs lLs case 1he prosecuLlon may oppose Lhe moLlon wlLhln
a nonexLendlble perlod of flve (3) days from lLs recelpL
lf leave of courL ls granLed Lhe accused shall flle Lhe demurrer
Lo evldence wlLhln a nonexLendlble perlod of Len (10) days
from noLlce 1he prosecuLlon may oppose Lhe demurrer Lo
evldence wlLhln a slmllar perlod from lLs recelpL
1he order denylng Lhe moLlon for leave of courL Lo flle
demurrer Lo evldence or Lhe demurrer lLself shall noL be
revlewable by appeal or by cttlototl before [udgmenL (n)
Sect|on 24 opoloq AL any Llme before flnallLy of Lhe
[udgmenL of convlcLlon Lhe [udge may moto ptoptlo or upon
moLlon wlLh hearlng ln elLher case reopen Lhe proceedlngs
Lo avold a mlscarrage of [usLlce 1he proceedlngs shall be
LermlnaLed wlLhln LhlrLy (30) days from Lhe order graLlng lL
(n)

kULL 120 Iudgment
Sect|on 1 oJqmot Jfloltloo ooJ fotm !udgmenL ls Lhe
ad[udlcaLlon by Lhe courL LhaL Lhe accused ls gullLy or noL
gullLy of Lhe offense charged and Lhe lmposlLlon on hlm of Lhe
proper penalLy and clvll llablllLy lf any lL musL be wrlLLen ln
Lhe offlclal language personally and dlrecLly prepared by Lhe
[udge and slgned by hlm and shall conLaln clearly and
dlsLlncLly a sLaLemenL of Lhe facLs and Lhe law upon whlch lL ls
based (1a)
Sect|on 2 cootots of t oJqmot lf Lhe [udgmenL ls of
convlcLlon lL shall sLaLe (1) Lhe legal quallflcaLlon of Lhe
offense consLlLuLed by Lhe acLs commlLLed by Lhe accused and
Lhe aggravaLlng or mlLlgaLlng clrcumsLances whlch aLLended
lLs commlsslon (2) Lhe parLlclpaLlon of Lhe accused ln Lhe
offense wheLher as prlnclpal accompllce or accessory afLer
Lhe facL (3) Lhe penalLy lmposed upon Lhe accused and (4)
Lhe clvll llablllLy or damages caused by hls wrongful acL or
omlsslon Lo be recovered from Lhe accused by Lhe offended
parLy lf Lhere ls any unless Lhe enforcemenL of Lhe clvll
llablllLy by a separaLe clvll acLlon has been reserved or walved
ln case Lhe [udgmenL ls of acqulLLal lL shall sLaLe wheLher Lhe
evldence of Lhe prosecuLlon absoluLely falled Lo prove Lhe
gullL of Lhe accused or merely falled Lo prove hls gullL beyond
reasonable doubL ln elLher case Lhe [udgmenL shall
deLermlne lf Lhe acL or omlsslon from whlch Lhe clvll llablllLy
mlghL arlse dld noL exlsL (2a)
Sect|on 3 oJqmot fot two ot mot offoss When Lwo
or more offenses are charged ln a slngle complalnL or
lnformaLlon buL Lhe accused falls Lo ob[ecL Lo lL before Lrlal
Lhe courL may convlcL hlm of as many offenses as are charged
and proved and lmpose on hlm Lhe penalLy for each offense
seLLlng ouL separaLely Lhe flndlngs of facL and law ln each
offense (3a)
Sect|on 4 oJqmot lo cos of votlooc btwo ollqotloo
ooJ ptoof When Lhere ls varlance beLween Lhe offense
charged ln Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon and LhaL proved and
Lhe offense as charged ls lncluded ln or necessarlly lncludes
Lhe offense proved Lhe accused shall be convlcLed of Lhe
offense proved whlch ls lncluded ln Lhe offense charged or of
Lhe offense charged whlch ls lncluded ln Lhe offense proved
(4a)
Sect|on S Jo oo offos locloJs ot ls locloJJ lo ooott
An offense charged necessarlly lncludes Lhe offense proved
when some of Lhe essenLlal elemenLs or lngredlenLs of Lhe
former as alleged ln Lhe complalnL or lnformaLlon consLlLuLe
Lhe laLLer And an offense charged ls necessarlly lncluded ln
Lhe offense proved when Lhe essenLlal lngredlenLs of Lhe
former consLlLuLe or form a parL of Lhose consLlLuLlng Lhe
laLLer (3a)
Sect|on 6 9tomolqotloo of oJqmot 1he [udgmenL ls
promulgaLed by readlng lL ln Lhe presence of Lhe accused and
any [udge of Lhe courL ln whlch lL was rendered Powever lf
Lhe convlcLlon ls for a llghL offense Lhe [udgmenL may be
pronounced ln Lhe presence of hls counsel or represenLaLlve
When Lhe [udge ls absenL or ouLslde of Lhe provlnce or clLy
Lhe [udgmenL may be promulgaLed by Lhe clerk of courL
lf Lhe accused ls conflned or deLalned ln anoLher provlnce or
clLy Lhe [udgmenL may be promulgaLed by Lhe execuLlve
[udge of Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal CourL havlng [urlsdlcLlon over Lhe
place of conflnemenL or deLenLlon upon requesL of Lhe courL
whlch rendered Lhe [udgmenL 1he courL promulgaLlng Lhe
[udgmenL shall have auLhorlLy Lo accepL Lhe noLlce of appeal
and Lo approve Lhe ball bond pendlng appeal ptovlJJ LhaL lf
Lhe declslon of Lhe Lrlal courL convlcLlng Lhe accused changed
Lhe naLure of Lhe offense from nonballable Lo ballable Lhe
appllcaLlon for ball can only be flled and resolved by Lhe
appellaLe courL
1he proper clerk of courL shall glve noLlce Lo Lhe accused
personally or Lhrough hls bondsman or warden and counsel
requlrlng hlm Lo be presenL aL Lhe promulgaLlon of Lhe
declslon lf Lhe accused Lrled lo obsotlo because he [umped
ball or escaped from prlson Lhe noLlce Lo hlm shall be served
aL hls lasL known address
ln case Lhe accused falls Lo appear aL Lhe scheduled daLe of
promulgaLlon of [udgmenL desplLe noLlce Lhe promulgaLlon
shall be made by recordlng Lhe [udgmenL ln Lhe crlmlnal
dockeL and servlng hlm a copy Lhereof aL hls lasL known
address or Lhru hls counsel
lf Lhe [udgmenL ls for convlcLlon and Lhe fallure of Lhe accused
Lo appear was wlLhouL [usLlflable cause he shall lose Lhe
remedles avallable ln Lhese rules agalnsL Lhe [udgmenL and
Lhe courL shall order hls arresL WlLhln flfLeen (13) days from
promulgaLlon of [udgmenL however Lhe accused may
surrender and flle a moLlon for leave of courL Lo avall of Lhese
remedles Pe shall sLaLe Lhe reasons for hls absence aL Lhe
scheduled promulgaLlon and lf he proves LhaL hls absence was
for a [usLlflable cause he shall be allowed Lo avall of sald
remedles wlLhln flfLeen (13) days from noLlce (6a)
Sect|on 7 MoJlflcotloo of oJqmot A [udgmenL of
convlcLlon may upon moLlon of Lhe accused be modlfled or
seL aslde before lL becomes flnal or before appeal ls
perfecLed LxcepL where Lhe deaLh penalLy ls lmposed a
[udgmenL becomes flnal afLer Lhe lapse of Lhe perlod for
perfecLlng an appeal or when Lhe senLence has been parLlally
or LoLally saLlsfled or served or when Lhe accused has walved
ln wrlLlng hls rlghL Lo appeal or has applled for probaLlon (7a)
Sect|on 8 otty of oJqmot AfLer a [udgmenL has become
flnal lL shall be enLered ln accordance wlLh 8ule 36 (8)
Sect|on 9 lstloq ptovlsloos qovtoloq sosposloo of
sotoc ptobotloo ooJ potol oot offctJ by tls ol
noLhlng ln Lhls 8ule shall affecL any exlsLlng provlslons ln Lhe
laws governlng suspenslon of senLence probaLlon or parole
(9a)

kULL 121 New 1r|a| or kecons|derat|on
Sect|on 1 Nw ttlol ot tcooslJtotloo AL any Llme before
a [udgmenL of convlcLlon becomes flnal Lhe courL may on
moLlon of Lhe accused or aL lLs own lnsLance buL wlLh Lhe
consenL of Lhe accused granL a new Lrlal or reconslderaLlon
(1a)
Sect|on 2 toooJs fot o ow ttlol 1he courL shall granL a
new Lrlal on any of Lhe followlng grounds
(a) 1he errors of law or lrregularlLles pre[udlclal Lo
Lhe subsLanLlal rlghLs of Lhe accused have been
commlLLed durlng Lhe Lrlal
(b) 1he new and maLerlal evldence has been
dlscovered whlch Lhe accused could noL wlLh
reasonable dlllgence have dlscovered and produced
aL Lhe Lrlal and whlch lf lnLroduced and admlLLed
would probably change Lhe [udgmenL (2a)
Sect|on 3 toooJ fot tcooslJtotloo 1he courL shall granL
reconslderaLlon on Lhe ground of errors of law or facL ln Lhe
[udgmenL whlch requlres no furLher proceedlngs (3a)
Sect|on 4 otm of motloo ooJ ootlc to t ptoscotot 1he
moLlon for a new Lrlal or reconslderaLlon shall be ln wrlLlng
and shall sLaLe Lhe grounds on whlch lL ls based lf based on a
newlydlscovered evldence Lhe moLlon musL be supporLed by
affldavlLs of wlLnesses by whom such evldence ls expecLed Lo
be glven or by duly auLhenLlcaLed coples of documenLs whlch
are proposed Lo be lnLroduced ln evldence noLlce of Lhe
moLlon for new Lrlal or reconslderaLlon shall be glven Lo Lhe
prosecuLor (4a)
Sect|on S otloq oo motloo Where a moLlon for a new
Lrlal calls for resoluLlon of any quesLlon of facL Lhe courL may
hear evldence Lhereon by affldavlLs or oLherwlse (3a)
Sect|on 6 ffcts of qtootloq o ow ttlol ot tcooslJtotloo
1he effecLs of granLlng a new Lrlal or reconslderaLlon are Lhe
followlng
(a) When a new Lrlal ls granLed on Lhe ground of
errors of law or lrregularlLles commlLLed durlng Lhe
Lrlal all proceedlngs and evldence affecLed Lhereby
shall be seL aslde and Laken anew 1he courL may ln
Lhe lnLeresL of [usLlce allow Lhe lnLroducLlon of
addlLlonal evldence
(b) When a new Lrlal ls granLed on Lhe ground of
newlydlscovered evldence Lhe evldence already
adduced shall sLand and Lhe newlydlscovered and
such oLher evldence as Lhe courL may ln Lhe lnLeresL
of [usLlce allow Lo be lnLroduced shall be Laken and
consldered LogeLher wlLh Lhe evldence already ln Lhe
record
(c) ln all cases when Lhe courL granLs new Lrlal or
reconslderaLlon Lhe orlglnal [udgmenL shall be seL
aslde or vacaLed and a new [udgmenL rendered
accordlngly (6a)

kULL 122 Appea|
Sect|on 1 Jo moy oppol Any parLy may appeal from a
[udgmenL or flnal order unless Lhe accused wlll be placed ln
double [eopardy (2a)
Sect|on 2 Jt to oppol 1he appeal may be Laken as
follows
(a) 1o Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal CourL ln cases declded by
Lhe MeLropollLan 1rlal CourL Munlclpal 1rlal CourL ln
ClLles Munlclpal 1rlal CourL or Munlclpal ClrculL
1rlal CourL
(b) 1o Lhe CourL of Appeals or Lo Lhe Supreme CourL
ln Lhe proper cases provlded by law ln cases declded
by Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal CourL and
(c) 1o Lhe Supreme CourL ln cases declded by Lhe
CourL of Appeals (1a)
Sect|on 3 ow oppol toko
(a) 1he appeal Lo Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal CourL or Lo Lhe
CourL of Appeals ln cases declded by Lhe 8eglonal
1rlal CourL ln Lhe exerclse of lLs orlglnal [urlsdlcLlon
shall be Laken by flllng a noLlce of appeal wlLh Lhe
courL whlch rendered Lhe [udgmenL or flnal order
appealed from and by servlng a copy Lhereof upon
Lhe adverse parLy
(b) 1he appeal Lo Lhe CourL of Appeals ln cases
declded by Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal CourL ln Lhe exerclse of
lLs appellaLe [urlsdlcLlon shall be by peLlLlon for
revlew under 8ule 42
(c) 1he appeal Lo Lhe Supreme CourL ln cases where
Lhe penalLy lmposed by Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal CourL ls
deaLh tclosloo ptptoo or llfe lmprlsonmenL or
where a lesser penalLy ls lmposed buL for offenses
commlLLed on Lhe same occaslon or whlch arose ouL
of Lhe same occurrence LhaL gave rlse Lo Lhe more
serlous offense for whlch Lhe penalLy of
deaLh tclosloo ptptoo or llfe lmprlsonmenL ls
lmposed shall be by flllng a noLlce of appeal ln
accordance wlLh paragraph (a) of Lhls secLlon
(d) no noLlce of appeal ls necessary ln cases where
Lhe deaLh penalLy ls lmposed by Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal
CourL 1he same shall be auLomaLlcally revlewed by
Lhe Supreme CourL as provlded ln secLlon 10 of Lhls
8ule
(e) LxcepL as provlded ln Lhe lasL paragraph of
secLlon 13 8ule 124 all oLher appeals Lo Lhe
Supreme CourL shall be by peLlLlon for revlew
on cttlototl under 8ules 43 (3a)
Sect|on 4 9obllcotloo of ootlc of oppol lf personal
servlce of Lhe copy of Lhe noLlce of appeal can noL be made
upon Lhe adverse parLy or hls counsel servlce may be done by
reglsLered mall or by subsLlLuLed servlce pursuanL Lo secLlons
7 and 8 of 8ule 13 (4a)
Sect|on S Jolvt of ootlc 1he appellee may walve hls
rlghL Lo a noLlce LhaL an appeal has been Laken 1he appellaLe
courL may ln lLs dlscreLlon enLerLaln an appeal
noLwlLhsLandlng fallure Lo glve such noLlce lf Lhe lnLeresLs of
[usLlce so requlre (3a)
Sect|on 6 Jo oppol to b toko An appeal musL be
Laken wlLhln flfLeen (13) days from promulgaLlon of Lhe
[udgmenL or from noLlce of Lhe flnal order appealed from
1hls perlod for perfecLlng an appeal shall be suspended from
Lhe Llme a moLlon for new Lrlal or reconslderaLlon ls flled unLll
noLlce of Lhe order overrullng Lhe moLlon shall have been
served upon Lhe accused or hls counsel aL whlch Llme Lhe
balance of Lhe perlod beglns Lo run (6a)
Sect|on 7 @toosctlbloq ooJ fllloq oots of stooqtoplc
tpottt opoo oppol When noLlce of appeal ls flled by Lhe
accused Lhe Lrlal courL shall dlrecL Lhe sLenographlc reporLer
Lo Lranscrlbe hls noLes of Lhe proceedlngs When flled by Lhe
eople of Lhe hlllpplnes Lhe Lrlal courL shall dlrecL Lhe
sLenographlc reporLer Lo Lranscrlbe such porLlon of hls noLes
of Lhe proceedlngs as Lhe courL upon moLlon shall speclfy ln
wrlLlng 1he sLenographlc reporLer shall cerLlfy Lo Lhe
correcLness of Lhe noLes and Lhe LranscrlpL Lhereof whlch
shall conslsL of Lhe orlglnal and four coples and shall flle Lhe
orlglnal and four coples wlLh Lhe clerk wlLhouL unnecessary
delay
lf deaLh penalLy ls lmposed Lhe sLenographlc reporLer shall
wlLhln LhlrLy (30) days from promulgaLlon of Lhe senLence flle
wlLh Lhe clerk orlglnal and four coples of Lhe duly cerLlfled
LranscrlpL of hls noLes of Lhe proceedlngs no exLenslon of
Llme for flllng of sald LranscrlpL of sLenographlc noLes shall be
granLed excepL by Lhe Supreme CourL and only upon
[usLlflable grounds (7a)
Sect|on 8 @toosmlssloo of popts to oppllot coott opoo
oppol WlLhln flve (3) days from Lhe flllng of Lhe noLlce of
appeal Lhe clerk of Lhe courL wlLh whom Lhe noLlce of appeal
was flled musL LransmlL Lo Lhe clerk of courL of Lhe appellaLe
courL Lhe compleLe record of Lhe case LogeLher wlLh sald
noLlce 1he orlglnal and Lhree coples of Lhe LranscrlpL of
sLenographlc noLes LogeLher wlLh Lhe records shall also be
LransmlLLed Lo Lhe clerk of Lhe appellaLe courL wlLhouL undue
delay 1he oLher copy of Lhe LranscrlpL shall remaln ln Lhe
lower courL (8a)
Sect|on 9 Appol to t qloool @tlol cootts
(a) WlLhln flve (3) days from perfecLlon of Lhe
appeal Lhe clerk of courL shall LransmlL Lhe orlglnal
record Lo Lhe approprlaLe 8eglonal 1rlal CourL
(b) upon recelpL of Lhe compleLe record of Lhe case
LranscrlpLs and exhlblLs Lhe clerk of courL of Lhe
8eglonal 1rlal CourL shall noLlfy Lhe parLles of such
facL
(c) WlLhln flfLeen (13) days from recelpL of Lhe sald
noLlce Lhe parLles may submlL memoranda or brlefs
or may be requlred by Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal CourL Lo do
so AfLer Lhe submlsslon of such memoranda or
brlefs or upon Lhe explraLlon of Lhe perlod Lo flle
Lhe same Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal CourL shall declde Lhe
case on Lhe basls of Lhe enLlre record of Lhe case and
of such memoranda or brlefs as may have been flled
(9a)
Sect|on 10 @toosmlssloo of tcotJs lo cos of Jot poolty
ln all cases where Lhe deaLh penalLy ls lmposed by Lhe Lrlal
courL Lhe records shall be forwarded Lo Lhe Supreme CourL
for auLomaLlc revlew and [udgmenL wlLhln flve (3) days afLer
Lhe flfLeenLh (13) day followlng Lhe promulgaLlon of Lhe
[udgmenL or noLlce of denlal of a moLlon for new Lrlal or
reconslderaLlon 1he LranscrlpL shall also be forwarded wlLhln
Len (10) days afLer Lhe flllng Lhereof by Lhe sLenographlc
reporLer (10a)
Sect|on 11 ffct of oppol by ooy of svtol occosJ
(a) An appeal Laken by one or more of several
accused shall noL affecL Lhose who dld noL appeal
excepL lnsofar as Lhe [udgmenL of Lhe appellaLe
courL ls favorable and appllcable Lo Lhe laLLer
(b) 1he appeal of Lhe offended parLy from Lhe clvll
aspecL shall noL affecL Lhe crlmlnal aspecL of Lhe
[udgmenL or order appealed from
(c) upon perfecLlon of Lhe appeal Lhe execuLlon of
Lhe [udgmenL or flnal order appealed from shall be
sLayed as Lo Lhe appeallng parLy (11a)
Sect|on 12 JltJtowol of oppol noLwlLhsLandlng Lhe
perfecLlon of Lhe appeal Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal CourL
MeLropollLan 1rlal CourL Munlclpal 1rlal CourL ln ClLles
Munlclpal 1rlal CourL or Munlclpal ClrculL 1rlal CourL as Lhe
case may be may allow Lhe appellanL Lo wlLhdraw hls appeal
before Lhe record has been forwarded by Lhe clerk of courL Lo
Lhe proper appellaLe courL as provlded ln secLlon 8 ln whlch
case Lhe [udgmenL shall become flnal 1he 8eglonal 1rlal CourL
may also ln lLs dlscreLlon allow Lhe appellanL from Lhe
[udgmenL of a MeLropollLan 1rlal CourL Munlclpal 1rlal CourL
ln ClLles Munlclpal 1rlal CourL or Munlclpal ClrculL 1rlal CourL
Lo wlLhdraw hls appeal provlded a moLlon Lo LhaL effecL ls
flled before rendlLlon of Lhe [udgmenL ln Lhe case on appeal
ln whlch case Lhe [udgmenL of Lhe courL of orlgln shall become
flnal and Lhe case shall be remanded Lo Lhe laLLer courL for
execuLlon of Lhe [udgmenL (12a)
Sect|on 13 Appolotmot of cooosl J oflclo fot occosJ oo
oppol lL shall be Lhe duLy of Lhe clerk of Lhe Lrlal courL
upon flllng of a noLlce of appeal Lo ascerLaln from Lhe
appellanL lf conflned ln prlson wheLher he deslres Lhe
8eglonal 1rlal CourL CourL of Appeals or Lhe Supreme CourL
Lo appolnL a counsel J oflclo Lo defend hlm and Lo LransmlL
wlLh Lhe record on a form Lo be prepared by Lhe clerk of courL
of Lhe appellaLe courL a cerLlflcaLe of compllance wlLh Lhls
duLy and of Lhe response of Lhe appellanL Lo hls lnqulry (13a)

kULL 123 rocedure |n the Mun|c|pa| 1r|a| Courts
Sect|on 1 Dolfotm 9tocJot 1he procedure Lo be
observed ln Lhe MeLropollLan 1rlal CourLs Munlclpal 1rlal
CourLs and Munlclpal ClrculL 1rlal CourLs shall be Lhe same as
ln Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal CourLs excepL where a parLlcular
provlslon applles only Lo elLher of sald courLs and ln crlmlnal
cases governed by Lhe 8evlsed 8ule on Summary rocedure
(1a)

kULL 124 rocedure |n the Court of Appea|s
Sect|on 1 @ltl of t cos ln all crlmlnal cases appealed Lo
Lhe CourL of Appeals Lhe parLy appeallng Lhe case shall be
called Lhe appellanL and Lhe adverse parLy Lhe appellee
buL Lhe LlLle of Lhe case shall remaln as lL was ln Lhe courL of
orlgln (1a)
Sect|on 2 Appolotmot of cooosl J oflclo fot t occosJ
lf lL appears from Lhe record of Lhe case as LransmlLLed LhaL
(a) Lhe accused ls conflned ln prlson (b) ls wlLhouL counselJ
pott on appeal or (c) has slgned Lhe noLlce of appeal hlmself
Lhe clerk of courL of Lhe CourL of Appeals shall deslgnaLe a
counsel J oflclo
An appellanL who ls noL conflned ln prlson may upon requesL
be asslgned a counsel J oflclo wlLhln Len (10) days from
recelpL of Lhe noLlce Lo flle brlef and he esLabllshes hls rlghL
LhereLo (2a)
Sect|on 3 Jo btlf fot opplloot to b fllJ WlLhln LhlrLy
(30) days from recelpL by Lhe appellanL or hls counsel of Lhe
noLlce from Lhe clerk of courL of Lhe CourL of Appeals LhaL Lhe
evldence oral and documenLary ls already aLLached Lo Lhe
record Lhe appellanL shall flle seven (7) coples of hls brlef
wlLh Lhe clerk of courL whlch shall be accompanled by proof of
servlce of Lwo (2) coples Lhereof upon Lhe appellee (3a)
Sect|on 4 Jo btlf fot oppll to b fllJ tply btlf of t
opplloot WlLhln LhlrLy (30) days from Lhe recelpL of Lhe
brlef of Lhe appellanL Lhe appellee shall flle seven (7) coples
of Lhe brlef of Lhe appellee wlLh Lhe clerk of courL whlch shall
be accompanled by proof of servlce of Lwo (2) coples Lhereof
upon Lhe appellanL
WlLhln LwenLy (20) days from recelpL of Lhe brlef of Lhe
appellee Lhe appellanL may flle a reply brlef Lraverslng
maLLers ralsed ln Lhe former buL noL covered ln Lhe brlef of
Lhe appellanL (4a)
Sect|on S tosloo of tlm fot fllloq btlfs LxLenslon of
Llme for Lhe flllng of brlefs wlll noL be allowed excepL for good
and sufflclenL cause and only lf Lhe moLlon for exLenslon ls
flled before Lhe explraLlon of Lhe Llme soughL Lo be exLended
(3a)
Sect|on 6 otm of btlfs 8rlefs shall elLher be prlnLed
encoded or LypewrlLLen ln double space on Lhe legal slze good
quallLy unglazed paper 330 mm ln lengLh by 216 mm ln
wldLh (6a)
Sect|on 7 cootots of btlf 1he brlefs ln crlmlnal cases
shall have Lhe same conLenLs as provlded ln secLlons 13 and
14 of 8ule 44 A cerLlfled Lrue copy of Lhe declslon or flnal
order appealed from shall be appended Lo Lhe brlef of
appellanL (7a)
Sect|on 8 lsmlssol of oppol fot obooJoomot ot follot to
ptoscot 1he CourL of Appeals may upon moLlon of Lhe
appellee or moto ptoptlo and wlLh noLlce Lo Lhe appellanL ln
elLher case dlsmlss Lhe appeal lf Lhe appellanL falls Lo flle hls
brlef wlLhln Lhe Llme prescrlbed by Lhls 8ule excepL where
Lhe appellanL ls represenLed by a counsel J oflclo
1he CourL of Appeals may also upon moLlon of Lhe appellee
or moto ptoptlo dlsmlss Lhe appeal lf Lhe appellanL escapes
from prlson or conflnemenL [umps ball or flees Lo a forelgn
counLry durlng Lhe pendency of Lhe appeal (8a)
Sect|on 9 9tompt Jlsposltloo of oppols Appeals of
accused who are under deLenLlon shall be glven precedence ln
Lhelr dlsposlLlon over oLher appeals 1he CourL of Appeals
shall hear and declde Lhe appeal aL Lhe earllesL pracLlcable
Llme wlLh due regard Lo Lhe rlghLs of Lhe parLles 1he accused
need noL be presenL ln courL durlng Lhe hearlng of Lhe appeal
(9a)
Sect|on 10 oJqmot oot to b tvtsJ ot moJlflJ cpt
fot sobstootlol ttot no [udgmenL shall be reversed or
modlfled unless Lhe CourL of Appeals afLer an examlnaLlon of
Lhe record and of Lhe evldence adduced by Lhe parLles ls of
Lhe oplnlon LhaL error was commlLLed whlch ln[urlously
affecLed Lhe subsLanLlal rlghLs of Lhe appellanL (10a)
Sect|on 11 5cop of oJqmot 1he CourL of Appeals may
reverse afflrm or modlfy Lhe [udgmenL and lncrease or
reduce Lhe penalLy lmposed by Lhe Lrlal courL remand Lhe
case Lo Lhe 8eglonal 1rlal CourL for new Lrlal or reLrlal or
dlsmlss Lhe case (11a)
Sect|on 12 9owt to tclv vlJoc 1he CourL of Appeals
shall have Lhe power Lo Lry cases and conducL hearlngs
recelve evldence and perform any and all acLs necessary Lo
resolve facLual lssues ralsed ln cases (a) falllng wlLhln lLs
orlglnal [urlsdlcLlon (b) lnvolvlng clalms for damages arlslng
from provlslonal remedles or (c) where Lhe courL granLs a
new Lrlal based only on Lhe ground of newlydlscovered
evldence (12a)
Sect|on 13 ;ootom of t coott cttlflcotloo ot oppol of
coss to 5optm coott 1hree (3) !usLlces of Lhe CourL of
Appeals shall consLlLuLe a pootom for Lhe sesslons of a
dlvlslon 1he unanlmous voLe of Lhe Lhree (3) !usLlces of a
dlvlslon shall be necessary for Lhe pronouncemenL of a
[udgmenL or flnal resoluLlon whlch shall be reached ln
consulLaLlon before Lhe wrlLlng of Lhe oplnlon by a member of
Lhe dlvlslon ln Lhe evenL LhaL Lhe Lhree (3) !usLlces can noL
reach a unanlmous voLe Lhe resldlng !usLlce shall dlrecL Lhe
raffle commlLLee of Lhe CourL Lo deslgnaLe Lwo (2) addlLlonal
!usLlces Lo slL Lemporarlly wlLh Lhem formlng a speclal
dlvlslon of flve (3) members and Lhe concurrence of a ma[orlLy
of such dlvlslon shall be necessary for Lhe pronouncemenL of a
[udgmenL or flnal resoluLlon 1he deslgnaLlon of such
addlLlonal !usLlces shall be made sLrlcLly by raffle and roLaLlon
among all oLher !usLlces of Lhe CourL of Appeals
Whenever Lhe CourL of Appeals flnds LhaL Lhe penalLy of
deaLh tclosloo ptptoo or llfe lmprlsonmenL should be
lmposed ln a case Lhe courL afLer dlscusslon of Lhe evldence
and Lhe law lnvolved shall render [udgmenL lmposlng Lhe
penalLy of deaLh tclosloo ptptoo or llfe lmprlsonmenL as
Lhe clrcumsLances warranL Powever lL shall refraln from
enLerlng Lhe [udgmenL and forLhwlLh cerLlfy Lhe case and
elevaLe Lhe enLlre record Lhereof Lo Lhe Supreme CourL for
revlew (13a)
Sect|on 14 Motloo fot ow ttlol AL any Llme afLer Lhe
appeal from Lhe lower courL has been perfecLed and before
Lhe [udgmenL of Lhe CourL of Appeals convlcLlng Lhe appellanL
becomes flnal Lhe laLLer may move for a new Lrlal on Lhe
ground of newlydlscovered evldence maLerlal Lo hls defense
1he moLlon shall conform wlLh Lhe provlslons of secLlon 4
8ule 121 (14a)
Sect|on 1S Jt ow ttlol cooJoctJ When a new Lrlal ls
granLed Lhe CourL of Appeals may conducL Lhe hearlng and
recelve evldence as provlded ln secLlon 12 of Lhls 8ule or refer
Lhe Lrlal Lo Lhe courL of orlgln (13a)
Sect|on 16 cooslJtotloo A moLlon for reconslderaLlon
shall be flled wlLhln flfLeen (13) days afLer from noLlce of Lhe
declslon or flnal order of Lhe CourL of Appeals wlLh coples
served upon Lhe adverse parLy seLLlng forLh Lhe grounds ln
supporL Lhereof 1he mlLLlmus shall be sLayed durlng Lhe
pendency of Lhe moLlon for reconslderaLlon no parLy shall be
allowed a second moLlon for reconslderaLlon of a [udgmenL or
flnal order (16a)
Sect|on 17 oJqmot ttoosmlttJ ooJ fllJ lo ttlol coott
When Lhe enLry of [udgmenL of Lhe CourL of Appeals ls lssued
a cerLlfled Lrue copy of Lhe [udgmenL shall be aLLached Lo Lhe
orlglnal record whlch shall be remanded Lo Lhe clerk of Lhe
courL from whlch Lhe appeal was Laken (17a)
Sect|on 18 Appllcotloo of cttolo tols lo clvll to ctlmlool
coss 1he provlslons of 8ules 42 44 Lo 46 and 48 Lo 36
relaLlng Lo procedure ln Lhe CourL of Appeals and ln Lhe
Supreme CourL ln orlglnal and appealed clvll cases shall be
applled Lo crlmlnal cases lnsofar as Lhey are appllcable and
noL lnconslsLenL wlLh Lhe provlslons of Lhls 8ule (18a)

kULL 12S rocedure |n the Supreme Court
Sect|on 1 Dolfotm ptocJot unless oLherwlse provlded
by Lhe ConsLlLuLlon or by law Lhe procedure ln Lhe Supreme
CourL ln orlglnal and ln appealed cases shall be Lhe same as ln
Lhe CourL of Appeals (1a)
Sect|on 2 vlw of Jclsloos of t coott of Appols 1he
procedure for Lhe revlew by Lhe Supreme CourL of declslons ln
crlmlnal cases rendered by Lhe CourL of Appeals shall be Lhe
same as ln clvll cases (2a)
Sect|on 3 clsloo lf oploloo ls poolly JlvlJJ When Lhe
Supreme CourL o booc ls equally dlvlded ln oplnlon or Lhe
necessary ma[orlLy cannoL be had on wheLher Lo acqulL Lhe
appellanL Lhe case shall agaln be dellberaLed upon and lf no
declslon ls reached afLer redellberaLlon Lhe [udgmenL of
convlcLlon of Lhe lower courL shall be reversed and Lhe
accused acqulLLed (3a)

kULL 126 Search and Se|zure
Sect|on 1 5otc wottoot JfloJ A search warranL ls an
order ln wrlLlng lssued ln Lhe name of Lhe eople of Lhe
hlllpplnes slgned by a [udge and dlrecLed Lo a peace offlcer
commandlng hlm Lo search for personal properLy descrlbed
Lhereln and brlng lL before Lhe courL (1)
Sect|on 2 coott wt oppllcotloo fot sotc wottoot soll b
fllJ An appllcaLlon for search warranL shall be flled wlLh
Lhe followlng
a) Any courL wlLhln whose LerrlLorlal [urlsdlcLlon a
crlme was commlLLed
b) lor compelllng reasons sLaLed ln Lhe appllcaLlon
any courL wlLhln Lhe [udlclal reglon where Lhe crlme
was commlLLed lf Lhe place of Lhe commlsslon of Lhe
crlme ls known or any courL wlLhln Lhe [udlclal
reglon where Lhe warranL shall be enforced
Powever lf Lhe crlmlnal acLlon has already been flled Lhe
appllcaLlon shall only be made ln Lhe courL where Lhe crlmlnal
acLlon ls pendlng (n)
Sect|on 3 9tsoool ptoptty to b slzJ A search warranL
may be lssued for Lhe search and selzure of personal properLy
(a) Sub[ecL of Lhe offense
(b) SLolen or embezzled and oLher proceeds or frulLs
of Lhe offense or
(c) used or lnLended Lo be used as Lhe means of
commlLLlng an offense (2a)
Sect|on 4 polslts fot lssoloq sotc wottoot A search
warranL shall noL lssue excepL upon probable cause ln
connecLlon wlLh one speclflc offense Lo be deLermlned
personally by Lhe [udge afLer examlnaLlon under oaLh or
afflrmaLlon of Lhe complalnanL and Lhe wlLnesses he may
produce and parLlcularly descrlblng Lhe place Lo be searched
and Lhe Lhlngs Lo be selzed whlch may be anywhere ln Lhe
hlllpplnes (3a)
Sect|on S omlootloo of complolooot tcotJ 1he [udge
musL before lssulng Lhe warranL personally examlne ln Lhe
form of searchlng quesLlons and answers ln wrlLlng and under
oaLh Lhe complalnanL and Lhe wlLnesses he may produce on
facLs personally known Lo Lhem and aLLach Lo Lhe record Lhelr
sworn sLaLemenLs LogeLher wlLh Lhe affldavlLs submlLLed (4a)
Sect|on 6 lssoooc ooJ fotm of sotc wottoot lf Lhe [udge
ls saLlsfled of Lhe exlsLence of facLs upon whlch Lhe
appllcaLlon ls based or LhaL Lhere ls probable cause Lo belleve
LhaL Lhey exlsL he shall lssue Lhe warranL whlch musL be
subsLanLlally ln Lhe form prescrlbed by Lhese 8ules (3a)
Sect|on 7 lqt to btok Joot ot wloJow to ffct sotc
1he offlcer lf refused admlLLance Lo Lhe place of dlrecLed
search afLer glvlng noLlce of hls purpose and auLhorlLy may
break open any ouLer or lnner door or wlndow of a house or
any parL of a house or anyLhlng Lhereln Lo execuLe Lhe
warranL or llberaLe hlmself or any person lawfully aldlng hlm
when unlawfully deLalned Lhereln (6)
Sect|on 8 5otc of oos toom ot ptmls to b moJ lo
ptsoc of two wltosss no search of a house room or
any oLher premlse shall be made excepL ln Lhe presence of Lhe
lawful occupanL Lhereof or any member of hls famlly or ln Lhe
absence of Lhe laLLer Lwo wlLnesses of sufflclenL age and
dlscreLlon resldlng ln Lhe same locallLy (7a)
Sect|on 9 @lm of mokloq sotc 1he warranL musL dlrecL
LhaL lL be served ln Lhe day Llme unless Lhe affldavlL asserLs
LhaL Lhe properLy ls on Lhe person or ln Lhe place ordered Lo
be searched ln whlch case a dlrecLlon may be lnserLed LhaL lL
be served aL any Llme of Lhe day or nlghL (8)
Sect|on 10 IollJlty of sotc wottoot A search warranL
shall be valld for Len (10) days from lLs daLe 1hereafLer lL shall
be vold (9a)
Sect|on 11 clpt fot t ptoptty slzJ 1he offlcer
selzlng properLy under Lhe warranL musL glve a deLalled
recelpL for Lhe same Lo Lhe lawful occupanL of Lhe premlses ln
whose presence Lhe search and selzure were made or ln Lhe
absence of such occupanL musL ln Lhe presence of aL leasL
Lwo wlLnesses of sufflclenL age and dlscreLlon resldlng ln Lhe
same locallLy leave a recelpL ln Lhe place ln whlch he found
Lhe selzed properLy (10a)
Sect|on 12 llvty of ptoptty ooJ lovototy ttof to
coott ttoto ooJ ptocJloqs ttoo (a) 1he offlcer musL
forLhwlLh dellver Lhe properLy selzed Lo Lhe [udge who lssued
Lhe warranL LogeLher wlLh a Lrue lnvenLory Lhereof duly
verlfled under oaLh
(b) 1en (10) days afLer lssuance of Lhe search
warranL Lhe lssulng [udge shall ascerLaln lf Lhe
reLurn has been made and lf none shall summon
Lhe person Lo whom Lhe warranL was lssued and
requlre hlm Lo explaln why no reLurn was made lf
Lhe reLurn has been made Lhe [udge shall ascerLaln
wheLher secLlon 11 of Lhls 8ule has been complalned
wlLh and shall requlre LhaL Lhe properLy selzed be
dellvered Lo hlm 1he [udge shall see Lo lL LhaL
subsecLlon (a) hereof has been complled wlLh
(c) 1he reLurn on Lhe search warranL shall be flled
and kepL by Lhe cusLodlan of Lhe log book on search
warranLs who shall enLer Lhereln Lhe daLe of Lhe
reLurn Lhe resulL and oLher acLlons of Lhe [udge
A vlolotloo of tls sctloo soll coostltot cootmpt of
coott(11o)
Sect|on 13 5otc loclJot to lowfol ottst A person
lawfully arresLed may be searched for dangerous weapons or
anyLhlng whlch may have been used or consLlLuLe proof ln Lhe
commlsslon of an offense wlLhouL a search warranL (12a)
Sect|on 14 Motloo to poos o sotc wottoot ot to sopptss
vlJoc wt to fll A moLlon Lo quash a search warranL
and/or Lo suppress evldence obLalned Lhereby may be flled ln
and acLed upon only by Lhe courL where Lhe acLlon has been
lnsLlLuLed lf no crlmlnal acLlon has been lnsLlLuLed Lhe
moLlon may be flled ln and resolved by Lhe courL LhaL lssued
Lhe search warranL Powever lf such courL falled Lo resolve
Lhe moLlon and a crlmlnal case ls subsequenL flled ln anoLher
courL Lhe moLlon shall be resolved by Lhe laLLer courL (n)

kULL 127 rov|s|ona| kemed|es |n Cr|m|na| Cases
Sect|on 1 Avolloblllty of ptovlsloool tmJls 1he
provlslonal remedles ln clvll acLlons lnsofar as Lhey are
appllcable may be avalled of ln connecLlon wlLh Lhe clvll
acLlon deemed lnsLlLuLed wlLh Lhe crlmlnal acLlon (1a)
Sect|on 2 Attocmot When Lhe clvll acLlon ls properly
lnsLlLuLed ln Lhe crlmlnal acLlon as provlded ln 8ule 111 Lhe
offended parLy may have Lhe properLy of Lhe accused
aLLached as securlLy for Lhe saLlsfacLlon of any [udgmenL LhaL
may be recovered from Lhe accused ln Lhe followlng cases
(a) When Lhe accused ls abouL Lo abscond from Lhe
hlllpplnes
(b) When Lhe crlmlnal acLlon ls based on a clalm for
money or properLy embezzled or fraudulenLly
mlsapplled or converLed Lo Lhe use of Lhe accused
who ls a publlc offlcer offlcer of a corporaLlon
aLLorney facLor broker agenL or clerk ln Lhe
course of hls employmenL as such or by any oLher
person ln a flduclary capaclLy or for a wlllful
vlolaLlon of duLy
(c) When Lhe accused has concealed removed or
dlsposed of hls properLy or ls abouL Lo do so and
a) When Lhe accused resldes ouLslde Lhe
hlllpplnes (2a)