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Statistics for Planners II
An Assignment on Index
Number
Submission Date
04 Match 2007
[Submitted By : Md. Rejaur Rahman, Student Id ‐ 030413, Urban & Rural Planning Discipline, Khulna
University, Khulna ‐ 9208, Bangladesh]
Contents
Introduction: ....................................................................................................................................... 2
Definition: ........................................................................................................................................... 2
Considering point of Index Number: ................................................................................................... 2
Use of Index Number: ......................................................................................................................... 2
Problems in the construction of Index Number: ................................................................................ 2
Method of Constructing Index Numbers: ........................................................................................... 3
Study Area: .......................................................................................................................................... 3
Method of constructing index numbers (Simple Aggregative Method): ............................................ 3
Table 1: Date wise price of fish of per Kg ............................................................................................ 4
Table 2: Construction of price index per day ...................................................................................... 4
Conclusion: .......................................................................................................................................... 4
Reference ............................................................................................................................................ 5
Page 1 of 5
Introduction:
Index number is most important in statistical expression of any price, quantity, value or
some other related change in market.
Definition:
An index number is a number that measures the relative change in price, quantity, value, or
some other item of interest from one time period to another.
A simple index number is an index number that is used to measure the relative change in
just one variable. It is the ratio of two values of the variable expressed as a percentage.
According to Ronald, “Index Numbers are quantitave measures of the general level of
growth of prices, production, inventory and other quantities of economic interest.” (Gupta
& Gupta, 1996)
According to Karmel‐ “An index number represents the general level of magnitude of the
changes between two or more situations of a number of variables taken as a whole”. (
Gupta & Gupta, 1996)
Considering point of Index Number:
1. Index Numbers are specialized average.
2. Index Numbers measure the change in the level of a phenomenon
3. Index Numbers measures the effects of changes over a period of time.
Source: Gupta & Gupta, 1996
Use of Index Number:
1. They help in framing suitable policies.
2. They reveal trends and tendencies.
3. Index Numbers are very useful in deflating.
Problems in the construction of Index Number:
1. The purpose of index number.
2. Availability and comparability of data.
3. Selection of base period.
4. Selection of number of items.
5. Choice of an average.
6. Selection of an appropriate formula.
Page 2 of 5
Method of Constructing Index Numbers:
1. Unweighted Indices
2. Weighted Indices
Each are two types:
1. Simple Aggregative
2. Simple Aggregative of Price Relatives
Source: Gupta & Gupta, 1996
Study Area:
1. Nirala Kachha Bazar
2. Gollamari Kacha Bazar
Name of consumer goods:
Fish (Ruhi fish 900gm to 1.00Kg)
Method of constructing index numbers (Simple Aggregative Method):
This is the simplest method of constructing index numbers. When this method is used to
construct a price index, the total of current year price of various commodities in question is
divided by the total base year prices and the quotient is multiplied by 100. Symbolically,
P01 = (∑P1 / ∑P0) x 100
Where,
∑P1 = Total of current year prices for various commodities, and
∑P0 = Total of base year prices for various commodities.
This method of constructing the index is very simple and the steps required in computation
are:
1. Add the current year prices for various commodities, i.e., obtain ∑P1
2. Add the base year prices for various commodities, i.e., obtain ∑P0
3. Divide ∑P1 by ∑P0 and multiply the quotient by 100.
Page 3 of 5
Table 1: Date wise price of fish of per Kg
In this study I consider the average of the price of five days is base price.
Table 2: Construction of price index per day
Date Day Price per Kg P01 = (∑P1 / ∑P0) x 100 Price Index
(Taka) (Taka)
Conclusion:
The price change depends of various factor. The transport cost of fish, shop rent, demand
and supply of fish in the market, environment of the fish source, political situation and many
other factor are depends on price index. Price Index has also a great impact of business or
economy of any country.
Page 4 of 5
Reference
Gupta S.P. and Gupta M.P.(1996), ‘Business Statistics’, Eleventh edition, Sultan Chand
Page 5 of 5