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PoultryFarming Introduction Contractpoultryfarmingiswhenacompanyandafarmerdecidetoproducebreeders, broilers,turkeys,quail orcommerciallayinghensbysigningacontractbetweenthem. Thisarrangementhasbeensuccessfulforover50yearsandisoneof themostsecureand financiallysuccessfulformsofagriculturalproduction.Successisachievedwhenboth entitiesdotheirparttoachievemaximumperformancefromthebirds.Thecompany furnishesthefeedthathasbeenformulatedbyprofessionalnutritioniststosatisfyallthe performanceneedsofthebirds. Aprospectivepoultryproducerisexpectedtofurnishandmaintainthebestpossible housing,equipmentanddailymanagementtoassuremaximumperformance.Marketing needsmaychangeyourtypesofproduction suchassizesofthebirds.

Theindustry producessmallbirdsforCornishhens,verylargebirdsfordeboningandallsizesin between.Cooperationbythecompaniesandpoultryproducerswillhelpbothbe successful.Belowaresomefactsthatmayhelpyoudecideifpoultryfarmingisforyou. PoultryHouses 1. Acontracttogrowpoultry mustbemadewithapoultrycompanybeforebuilding anypoultryhouses. 2. Propertyshouldbelocatedwhereaccesstothecomplexfacilitiesfeedmill, processingplant,hatcheryetc.isrelativelyeasy. 3. Poultry housesmustconformtoindustrystandardsandmayvaryfromcompany tocompany. 4. Poultryhouseequipmentmustconformtoindustrystandardsandmayvaryas well. 5. PoultryhouselocationsareregulatedbytheS.C.DHEC 6. Theareasaroundthepoultrybuildingsmustbeabletoaccommodatefeedtrucks, catchandhaulequipmentandothertraffic. 7. Sizeandnumberofhouseswillbedecideduponwiththepoultrycompanybefore anyconstruction. 8. Ifyouareconsideringpurchasinganexistingpoultryoperation,thecompanythat youwillbegrowingforneedstovisitthepropertyalongwithyoutodetermineif itissuitableforgrowingbirds.Atthistime,buildingimprovementsandextra equipmentcanbediscussed. Finances 1. Thelendingagencythatyoudecidetousewillhelpyouwiththefinancial arrangement. 2. Levelsofincomefromtheproposedpoultryoperationneedtobereviewedwith companypersonnel.Studythecontractscarefully.Youcannotplanon getting averagepayonthecontacteachflock.Youshouldplantohavereservestocover

yourexpensesinthecaseoflowpayperiodsandlongertimesduetomarket conditionsetc.Thereisnosetamountofincomeyoucanexpecttoreceive however,thefinancialswingsinpoultryarelessthanothercommodities. 3. Enoughinsurancetocoverthecostofbuildingsandlossofincomefollowinga disasterstorm,iceetc.isamust.Itshouldbereviewedannuallytodetermine thatthefarmisadequatelycovered. 4. Moneymanagementandcashflowareveryimportantaswellasagoodfinancial recordkeepingsystemforthepoultryoperation. OtherConsiderations 1. Yourpoultrycompanywill haveamanagementprogramthatallgrowersare expectedtofollow.Yourfieldrepresentativewillworkcloselywithyouonwhat isexpectedandthebestwaystoproduceaqualityproduct.Youneedtodiscuss thetimerequiredtomanageyourhousessothatyoumayplanforlaborneeds. 2. Keepyourbuildingsandequipmentproperlymaintainedandintopworking order.Preventativemaintenanceisadailyjob.Moremaintenanceisrequiredon anolderhouseandequipment. 3. Alwaysbereadyinadvanceforbirdarrival.Yourfieldrepresentativewillwork withyoutoprepareyourhouses.Thefirstfewdaysarecriticaltogood performance. 4. Thehousemustbeatthepropertemperature(toprogramspecifications),feedand waterreadyandenvironmentalcontrolsworkingproperly. 5. Bepreparedtospendconsiderabletimewithyourflock,especiallyduringthefirst fewdays,toassureproperenvironmentandhusbandry. 6. Keepgoodflockrecordsmortality,feeddeliveries,vaccinations,etc. 7. Collectanddisposeofdeadbirdsdaily,alongwithmonitoringfeed,waterandair. Goodhousekeepingisvitaltosuccess. 8. Yourmainjobistomanagetheflockthroughouttheproductionperiod.Report problemstoyourfieldrepresentativeimmediately. 9. Beawarethatthesizeofthebirdsproducedandtimebetweenbatchesmayvary accordingtomarketdemand. 10. Vacationneedstobescheduledaroundflocks. 11. Bevigilantinyourbiosecurity.Allowonlyauthorizedpersonnelonthefarm, avoidgoingtootherfarmsyourselfandavoidcontactwithallotherformsof poultry. CriticalManagementFactors 1. Temperature Shouldbekeptatoptimumlevelregardlessofageofbirdsor season.Yoursystemshouldbeabletorespondtochangingweatherconditions nightandday. 2. Ventilation replacesoxygenusedbybirds,removesmoistureandammoniaand mustcontinuallybemonitored. 3. Feedandwater Keepplentifulandcleanaccordingtoproductionprogram.

4. Husbandry studytheflockdailyforsignsofdiscomfort,disease,properfeed andwaterconsumption.Withexperience,youshouldbeabletolookatthebirds anddetermineiftheyhaveaproblem. 5. Understandthatyouareworkingwithaliveanimalthatmayhavespecialneeds. 6. Cullingchickensisakeypartofthejob. OutsidetheHouse 1. Disposalofdeadbirdsmustbedoneaccordingtostateregulations.Yourfield managerwillrecommendpropermethods. 2. Dependingonthesizeofyouroperation,youmayneedadditionalequipment. 3. Keepasupplyofsparepartsforinhouseequipment,sothatproblemscanbe solvedquickly. 4. Norunoffwatershouldbeabletogetintothehouse.Keepdrainagearoundthe housesopenandoperable. 5. Allaccessroadsneedtobeingoodshapewitheasyaccesstofeedbinsand poultryhouses. 6. Weedsandgrassneedtobemowedaroundthehouseandfarmtoreducerodent andotherproblems. 7. Understandenvironmentalchallengescreatedbypoultryoperationssuchasdust, smell,nutrientmanagement,etc. 8. Nochemicals,pesticides,herbicides,insecticidesormedicationsshouldbeused inoraroundpoultryhouseswithoutapprovalbycompany. Conclusion Thesuggestionslistedabovemaynotfitallsituationsandcompanyprograms. Workcloselywithyourfieldrepresentativestoconformtocompanypolicyand assuresuccessinyouroperation. Itisrecommendedthatyouworkinapoultryoperationbeforegettinginto thebusiness. Understandthatthisisalongtermdecision. Thislistmaynotnecessarilyreflectwhatwillhappenoneveryfarm.

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