For examiner`s use

Section A
1
2
3
4
Section B




%otal

















SEK%# PENGU#USAN AKADEMIK
PE1ABA% PENDIDIKAN DAE#AH PE%ALING PE#DANA

PEPE#IKSAAN PE#UBAAN
SI1IL %INGGI PE#SEKLAHAN MALAYSIA
(MALAYSIA HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE)


Instructions to candidates:
D N% PEN %HIS QUES%IN PAPE# UN%UL YU A#E %LD
% D S
Answer allthe questions in Section A. Write your answers in the spaces
provided.
Answer any 1our questions from Section B. Write your answers on the
answer sheets provided. Begin each answer on a fresh sheet of paper and
arrange your answers in numerical order. Tie your answer sheets to this
question paper.
All working should be shown. Numerical answers should be given to an
appropriate number of significant figures. units should be quoted wherever
they are appropriate.
Answers may be written in either English or Bahasa Malaysia.
A Data Booklet is provided





%is question paper consists o1 11 printed pages
Pejabat Pendidikan Daerah Petaling Perdana 2011
!EJABAT!ENDIDIKANDAERAH!ETALING!ERDANA!EJABAT!ENDIDIKANDAERAH!ETALI
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!EJABAT!ENDIDIKANDAERAH!ETALING!ERDANA!EJABAT!ENDIDIKANDAERAH!ETALI
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!EJABAT!ENDIDIKANDAERAH!ETALING!ERDANA!EJABAT!ENDIDIKANDAERAH!ETALI
!EJABAT!ENDIDIKANDAERAH!ETALING!ERDANA!EJABAT!ENDIDIKANDAERAH!ETALI


PE#UBAAN S%PM 11
HEMIS%#Y (KIMIA)
PAPE# (KE#%AS )
S%#U%U#E AND ESSAY (S%#UK%U# DAN ESSAY)
%o and a al1 our
(Dua jam setenga)

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2
Section A | marks(

Answer all questions in this section,

1 (a) The Irequencies oI lines in the Lyman series oI the emission spectrum oI hydrogen atom are given
as Iollows
24 , 223 , 3083 , 3157 , 317 , 3221 , 3237 (x 10
15
) Hz
On the energy level diagram below, draw arrows to illustrate the electronic transitions oI
hydrogen atom that correspond to Irequencies oI the lines in the Lyman series
Below the energy level diagram, draw the lines oI the Lyman series in the spectrum oI the
hydrogen atom |4 marks(


n
8
7



5

4


3



2




1





24 2 28 30 32 34


(b) The relative molecular mass oI ethane is 30 and that oI sodium hydride is 24
(i) State the type oI chemical bonds that are Iound in ethane and sodium hydride |2 marks(
Ethane ...................................
Sodium hydride................................
(i) Why is ethane a gas, whereas sodium hydride is a solid at room temperature? |1 mark(
.........................................
.........................................

Spectrum
requency
/ 10
15
Hz
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3
(c) Draw the Lewis structure and state the shape oI the Iollowing species |3 marks(

(i) BF
3

Lewis structure:






Name oI the shape: ..............
(ii) NH
4

Lewis structure:





Name oI the shape:..............
(iii) SF

Lewis structure:






Name oI the shape:..............




















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4
2 In the thermal cracking process oI ethane, an equilibrium is Iormed as Iollows:
C
2
H
(g)
C
2
H
4

(g)
H
2 (g)

(a) The partial pressures oI ethane and ethene in the equilibrium mixture at 00 K are as Iollows
PC2H
103 kPa P C2H4
540 kPa
(i) Deduce the partial pressure oI hydrogen | mark(




(ii) Calculate the value oI K
p
at 00 K |3 marks(








(iii) What is the value oI K
p
iI the pressure oI ethane is doubled at 00 K? | mark(

.........................................

(b) The Iorward reaction oI the above chemical equilibrium is an endothermic reaction II the
temperature is increased, state the changes expected in the
(i) equilibrium mixture | mark(

.........................................

.........................................

(ii) numerical value oI K
p


.........................................

(c) In another reversible reaction, ethene gas reacts with hydrogen gas in a closed container oI
volume 10 dm
3
to produce ethane as shown below
C
2
H
4

(g)
H
2 (g)
C
2
H
(g)

The variation oI the concentration oI the reactants and product are shown below Calculate the K
c

oI the above reaction |3marks(



Time/s
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5

3 The elements oI the third period oI the Periodic Table oI elements are as Iollows

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar

(a) State one element which

(i) exists as diatomic molecules at room temperature and pressure |1 mark(

.........................................

(ii) has the lowest Iirst ionisation energy |1 mark(

.........................................

(iii) Iorms an acidic oxide |1 mark(

.........................................

(b) Sodium and aluminium are metals which conduct electricity and react with chlorine gas to Iorm
white solid compounds
(i) Explain why aluminium conduct electricity better than sodium? |1 mark(

.........................................


(ii) Write an equation Ior the reaction oI aluminium and oI sodium with chlorine gas to Iorm the
white solid compound |2 marks(

Aluminium.................................

Sodium..................................................

(iii) Explain, in terms oI bonding, why solid aluminium chloride sublimes at a relatively low
temperature |2 marks(

.........................................

....................................

(c) Magnesium carbonate is more easily decomposed on heating than calcium carbonate

(i) Write an equation Ior the decomposition oI magnesium carbonate |1 mark(

........................................

(ii) Explain the statement |1 mark(

.........................................

.........................................





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4 (a) Propane C
3
H
8
is

used in the reaction sequence shown below














(i) The reaction sequence shows several important reaction mechanisms Name the reaction
mechanism in
Reaction
Reaction 2
Reaction 3 |3 marks(

(ii) State the reaction conditions Ior Reaction 3. | mark(

.........................................


.........................................

(iii) Draw the structural Iormula oI compound D Iormed Irom Reaction | mark(






(iv) Draw a section oI compound E Show two repeating units | mark(











Reaction
Cl
2
/ uv light
A
Reaction 2
aqueous NaOH/heat
B
Reaction 3

CH
3
CHCH
2
Reaction
Concentrated H
2
SO

,
H
2
O
D
!olymerisation
E
CH
3
CH
2
CH
3

CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
Cl
CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
OH
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7
(b) Menthol is a naturally occurring cyclic compound Iound in peppermint oil It has been used in
throat sprays and cough drops Ior many years

The structural and skeletal Iormulae oI menthol are shown below













(i) IdentiIy the Iunctional group present in menthol and classiIy it as either primary, secondary
or tertiary | mark(

Functional group : ..........

ClassiIication : ..........

(ii) When menthol is reacted with hot concentrated sulphuric acid, H
2
SO
4
, two isomeric alkenes,
each with Iormula C
10
H
18
can be Iormed

Draw the skeletal Iormula oI each oI the isomers Iormed |2 marks(













(iii) What is the organic product Iormed when menthol is heated with acidiIied potassium
manganate(VI)? Draw the structure below | mark(














Structural Iormula oI menthol

Skeletal Iormula oI menthol

menthol
and
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8
Section B | marks(

Answer any14:7questions in this section.


5 (a) Consider the Iollowing reaction:
(CH
3
)
3
CBr
(aq)
OH
-
(aq)
(CH
3
)
3
COH
(aq)
Br
-
(aq)

A series oI experiments were carried out at a certain temperature and the Iollowing results were
obtained
Experiment 1 2 3 4 5
oncentration o1 (H
3
)
3
Br (mol dm
-3
) 050 100 150 100 100
oncentration o1 H
-
(mol dm
-3
) 0050 0050 0050 010 020
Initial rate (mol dm
-3
s
-1
) 00050 0010 0015 0010 0010

Determine
(i) the order oI reaction with respect to (CH
3
)
3
CBr |3 marks(
(ii) the order oI reaction with respect to OH
-
|2 marks(
(iii) the rate constant |2 marks(

(b) The schematic diagram below shows the Iormation oI solid potassium chloride and its solution




A H
3
A H
4



A H
1

A H
5


A H
2



The Iollowing data is also given :

Enthalpy change oI atomisation oI potassium 0 kJ mol
-1

Enthalpy change oI atomisation oI chlorine 121 kJ mol
-1

First ionisation energy oI potassium 418 kJ mol
-1

Electron aIIinity oI chlorine 34 kJ mol
-1

Enthalpy change oI Iormation oI potassium chloride 43 kJ mol
-1


Based on the schematic diagram and the data above
(i) determine the values oI A H
1
, A H
2
and A H
3
|3 marks(
(ii) identiIy A H
4
| mark (
(iii) construct and label a Born-Haber cycle to calculate the value oI A H
5
| marks(


K(s) Cl
2
(g)
K(g) Cl(g)
KCl(s)
K

(aq) Cl
-
(aq)
K

(g) Cl
-
(g)
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(a) The Iirst six ionisation energies oI element A is 400, 200, 400, 7500, 400 and 53 300 kJ mol
-1

(i) Determine the Group oI A in the Periodic Table Explain your answer |3 marks(
(ii) Write the valence electron conIiguration oI element A Explain how the arrangement oI
electrons obeys Hund`s rule |4 marks(

(b) Based on the standard electrode potentials below, answer the Iollowing questions

Electrode reaction E

cell
(V)
O
2
2H

2e H
2
O
123
Cr
2
O
7
2-
14H

e 2Cr
3
7H
2
O 133
HCOOH 2H

2e HCHO H
2
O 00
Zn
2
2e Zn 07
MnO
4

8H

5e Mn
2
4H
2
O 152
Fe
2
2e Fe 044
(i) Based on the list above, which is the strongest reducing agent ? | mark(
(ii) Which pair oI electrode reactions will give the highest emI value ?
Calculate this emI |2 marks(
(iii) Calculate the electrode potential Ior the system Zn
2
/ Zn (10 mol dm
-3
) |2 marks(
(iv) Methanal, HCHO is expected to react with acidiIied potassium dichromate but only with
heating Explain why HCHO is expected to react with acidiIied potassium dichromate
and why heating is required |3 marks(


7 (a) Explain how the Iollowing properties change when going down Group 14, Irom carbon to lead
(i) Melting point oI tetrachlorides |3 marks(
(ii) Thermal stability oI tetrachlorides | marks(
(b) Nitric acid is obtained Irom ammonia by the Ostwald`s process Outline the preparation oI
nitric acid Irom ammonia in the Ostwald`s process |8 marks(











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10
8 (a) Describe how chlorine reacts with
(i) hot aqueous sodium hydroxide,
(ii) aqueous potassium bromide
(iii) ethene
In each case, describe what is observed, write an equation and identiIy the type oI reaction
occurring |8 marks(
(b) (i) What do you understand by the term transition element? State two properties oI
iron or its compounds which shows that it is a transition element |3 marks(
(ii) The complex ion |Co(NH
3
)
4
Cl
2
(

has two isomers, one green in colour and the other

purple
Draw the structures and name each oI the isomer oI its complex ions and state also the type
oI isomerism involved Determine the oxidation state oI cobalt in the compounds
|4 marks(
(a) Methylbenzene reacts with chlorine under two diIIerent sets oI conditions to give compound A or
compound B





(i) Describe the conditions used to produce compound A and B respectively |2 marks(
(ii) Describe a reaction by which you could distinguish between A and B State the reagents
and the observations with each compound |2 marks(
(iii) With the aid oI curly arrows, show the mechanism involved in the reaction
methylbenzene to produce compound A |3 marks(

(b) During aromatic substitution, the position oI the incoming group, the new substituent, is
determined by the nature oI the group already present in the ring
Use this knowledge to devise two-step syntheses Ior the synthesis oI the Iollowing compounds
Irom methylbenzene
(i) 4-nitrobenzoic acid |3 marks(
(ii) 3-nitrobenzoic acid |3 marks(
IdentiIy the reagents at each step, and draw the structural Iormulae oI the intermediates

(c) Benzocaine, a local anaesthetic, can be synthesised Irom 4-nitrobenzoic acid in two stages





Benzocaine
Suggest reagents and conditions Ior Step I and Step 2 |2 marks(
CH
3
Cl
CH
2
Cl
A B
COOH

i
NO
2
Step I
COOH

i
NH
2
COOCH
2
CH
3
i
NH
2
Step 2
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11
10 Glutamic acid and glycine are both u-amino acids that occur widely in living organisms Their
structures are shown below











(a) (i) State the general Iormula Ior an u-amino acid | mark(
(ii) Explain how glutamic acid and glycine both Iit the general Iormula given in part (i)
|2 marks(
(b) Amino acids react with both acids and alkalis
Draw the structural Iormulae to show the glutamic acid molecule is changed in the presence oI
excess acid and alkali |2 marks(

(c) Glutamic acid exists as a pair oI optical isomers but glycine does not
Explain what structural Ieatures cause optical isomerism in organic molecules
Include appropriate diagrams and use these two amino acids to illustrate your answer
| marks(

(d) (i) What reagents and conditions are necessary to convert 4-amino-N-phenybenzamide into a
diazonium compound? |2 marks(

(ii) What class oI organic compound would couple with the diazonium compound?
What would you expect to see in this type oI reaction? |2 marks(









This paper is conIidential until the examination is over

glutamic acid

glycine