Suggested solutions G-level Test V2Ch23/14 FyANVC08 Heat, Geometric Optics

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FyANVCO08 G-level test Heat Ch 14 Optics Geometry Ch 23

Directions Please Write your name on all of the papers on your table, NOW! Test time Resources 14:00-15:20 December 16, 2009 Calculators, and Formulas for the National Test in Mathematics Courses A & B, and the formula sheet for Physics A, FYANV-College. You may also use your personalized blue-booklet. The booklet must have your name and no calculations or solution to any problem are supposed to be on it. The test is a G-level test and consists of a total of 6 problems on Geometric Optics, and 4 problems on Heat and Thermodynamics. Note that problem number 5 on optics and problem number 4 of heat are heavily graded. You may first solve these problems first. For the problems short answers are not enough. They require: that you write down what you do, that you explain your train of thought, that you, when necessary, draw figures. When you solve problems graphically/numerically please indicate how you have used your resources. Score The maximum score in optics is 15 points. It is 10 points in heat. Mark levels The maximum number of points you can receive for each solution is indicated after each problem. This is a G-level test, to pass the test you should get at least 50% of the points. To get a higher grade in addition to satisfying the requirement for VG/MVG test which is going to be given tomorrow, you should at least get 75% of the score in this test. Limits: Optics Heat Problem 1 G 1

The test:

G: G 2 1

8 points 5 points 3 4 4a 1 4b 1 5a 3 5b 3 6 2 Enjoy it! Behzad Sum Grade Optics 16

problem

1 1

2 2

3 2

4 5

Sum 10

Grade Heat

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Suggested solutions G-level Test V2Ch23/14 FyANVC08 Heat, Geometric Optics

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In the multi-choice questions below circle the correct answer or answers. Note that there might be more than one answer for a given question. Show your calculations if asked. You do not need to show your calculations. Note also that there are different versions of the test 1. If an object is placed between a converging lens and its focal point F , the image formed would be: [1] a. b. c. d. real and inverted real and erect virtual and inverted virtual and erect Answer: Alternative: d
1 1 1 1 1 < = < 0 d i < 0 image is virtual f do di f do

Suggested solutions: Due to the fact that d o < f

m=

hi d = i > 0 The image is virtual and errect ho do

2. Which type of images can be formed by a converging lens? a. b. c. d. both real and virtual images. real images, only. virtual images, only. neither real nor virtual images. Answer: Alternative: a

[1]

3. When an object is placed 60.0 cm from a diverging lens with a focal length of 20.0 cm , the image produced will be: a. b. c. d. e. real, erect, and smaller virtual, erect, and smaller virtual, inverted, and smaller real, inverted, and larger virtual, erect, and larger Answer: Alternative_ b

[2]

Calculations:
1 1 1 1 1 3 1 3 1 4 1 = = = = = = d i = 15 cm d i f d o 20 60 60 60 60 60 15 d i = 15.0 cm < 0 The image is virtual m= hi d 15 1 = i = = + > 0 The image is virtual, errect and smaller 45 3 ho do

[2]

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Suggested solutions G-level Test V2Ch23/14 FyANVC08 Heat, Geometric Optics

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4. A light ray passes through a parallel glass plate according to the figure below.

50

air

25

glass

air

a)

Find and .

Only the answer is required

[1]

b)

Find index of refraction of the glass.

Answer: = 25 , = 90 50 = 40 [1]

Short solution and the answer: The incident angle is 1 = 90 50 = 40 , and the refracted angle is 2 = = 25 . Due to the fact that the sides of the parallel glass plate are parallel, two alternative angles, as well as vertical angles are equal. Therefore: = 25 and = 1 = 90 50 = 40 Snells law requires that n1 sin 1 = n2 sin 2 . The index of refraction of air is about one: n1 = 1.00 , therefore: sin 1 sin 40 n2 = n1 = (1.00 ) = 1.52 sin 2 sin 25 Answer: Index of refraction of the glass is n2 = 1.52 . It is probably Crown glass.

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Suggested solutions G-level Test V2Ch23/14 FyANVC08 Heat, Geometric Optics

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5. The figure below illustrates a converging (positive) lens, and an object. The figure is drawn on a natural size. Make your own measurements. a) Construct the image of the object using rays path. [3] b) Find the magnification, the image size and the image distance using the lens equation. Compare your results. [3]

F F

Short solution and the answer:

f
F F

Suggested solution: Answer: f 1.7 cm Three rays are of the most importance: The ray that passes through the intersection of the lens and its axis (centre of the lens) . The ray that is parallel with the axis of the lens will be refracted in passing through the lens, and passes through the focal point. The ray that passes through the left local point will be refracted in passing through the lens and is parallel to the axis beyond the lens. These three rays meet each other and form the top of the image as illustrated above. d O = 5.0 cm , f = 1.7 cm , hO = 1.3 cm 1 1 1 Lens equation: + = do di f 1 1 1 1 1 1 = = = 0.39 d i = d i 2.6 cm d i f d o 1.7 5.0 0.39 h d d 2.6 m = i = i hi = i ho = 1.3 0.7 cm ho do do 5 The values obtained using the calculation are identical, within the frame of experimental accuracy, to those measured from the figure drawn above.

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Suggested solutions G-level Test V2Ch23/14 FyANVC08 Heat, Geometric Optics

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6. the reflection side of a plane mirror. Three rays from the point A on the object to the mirror is drawn in the figure below. Draw on the figure the continuation of the rays and therefore find the image of the object in the mirror. Mark the image clearly with B . [2]

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Suggested solutions G-level Test V2Ch23/14 FyANVC08 Heat, Geometric Optics

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Heat and Thermodynamics

In the multi choice questions below circle the correct alternative(s), and clearly write the answer in the space provided as alternative: _____. Each question may have more than one alternative as the answer. You do not need to describe your reasoning.
1. Object 1 has twice the mass of object 2. The object 2 on the other hand has twice the specific

heat of the object 1, i.e. m1 = 2 m2 and c2 = 2 c1 .If they are supplied with equal amount of heat, [2/0] a. their temperature will increase precisely with the same amount. b. the raise in the temperature of the first object is four times as much as that of object 2. c. the raise in the temperature of the first object is one fourth of the object 2. d. the raise in the temperature of the first object is twice as much as that of object 2. e. the raise in the temperature of the first object is half as much as that of object 2. Answer: Alternative ____________ Answer: Alternative a Their temperature will increase precisely with the same amount: Q = m1 c1 T1 m1 c1 T1 = m2 c2 T2 2m2 c1 T1 = m2 2c1 T2 T1 = T2 Q = m2 c2 T2

2. During a phase change, the temperature of a substance: [1/0] a. increases, b. decreases, c. remains the same, d. depending on the state of the matter, it may decrease or decrease, e. if the heat is given to the material, the temperature of the object will increase, otherwise, it

will decrease. Answer: Alternative ____________ Alternative c. During a phase change, the temperature of a substance remains the same.

3. An automobile cooling system holds 20 L of water. How much heat does it absorb if its

temperature rises from 20C to 80C? Suggested solution: Q = mc w (T fw Tiw ) Data: V = 20 L mw = 20 kg ; Tiw = 20C ; T fw = 80C ; Specific heat of water: c w = 4180 J / kg C Q = mc w (T fw Tiw ) Q = 20 4180(80 20 )

[2/0]

Q = 5.02 10 6 J 5 MJ Answer: The automobiles cooling system absorbs 5 MJ heat to rise the temperature of its 20 L water from 20C to 90C.

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Suggested solutions G-level Test V2Ch23/14 FyANVC08 Heat, Geometric Optics

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4. How much energy must be extracted from 2.0 kg of steam at 300 C to make ice at -25C?

[5/0] Suggested solution: Answer: Q 6.9 MJ heat must be extracted from 2.0 kg of steam at 300C to make ice at -25C.
Table 14-1 Specific Heats & 14-3 Latent Heat Q=mL Substance Specific Heat Melting Temp. Heat of Fusion C Kcal/Kg Kcal/[Kg.C] kJ/[kg.C] kJ/kg Ice 0.50 2.100 0 79.7 Water 1.00 4.186 0 79.7 Steam 0.48 2.010 Boiling point Heat of Vaporization C Kcal/Kg kJ/kg 333 333 100 100 539 539 2260 2260

Q = mc steam (Tisteam 100 ) + mLv + mc w (100 0 ) + mL f + mcice (0 T fice )

Data: m = 2.0 kg ; Tisteam = 300 C ; T fice = 25C ; Specific heat of steam: c steam = 2010 J / kg C Heat of vaporization of water (steam): L f = 2260 kJ / kg Specific heat of water: c w = 4180 J / kg C Specific heat of ice: cice = 2100 J / kg C Heat of fusion of ice: L f = 333 kJ / kg The heat removed from the steam will be exactly equal to the heat given up by the steam, i.e. Q = mc steam (Tisteam 100 ) + mLv + mc w (100 0 ) + mL f + mcice (0 T fice )
Q = 2.0 2 010 (300 100 ) + 2.260 10 + 4180 100 + 333 000 + 2100 25
6

Q = m c steam (Tisteam 100 ) + Lv + c w (100 0 ) + L f + cice (0 T fice )

Answer: Q 6.93 10

J 6.9 MJ

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