r059211001 Electrical Technology

Code No: R059211001 Set No.
1
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
( Common to Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering, Bio-Medical
Engineering, Electronics & Control Engineering, Electronics & Computer
Engineering and Instrumentation & Control Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Why brushes and commutator are necessary for operation of a D.C. Machine.
(b) How D.C. Generators are classified?
(c) A 4-pole, lap wound DC shunt generator has a useful flux/pole 0.06Wb.
The armature winding consists of 200 turns, each turn having a resistance
of 0.003Ω. Calculate the terminal voltage when running at 1000rpm if arma-
ture current is 45A. [4+6+6]
2. (a) Derive an expression for torque of a D.C. motor.

(b) Explain how the torque of a D.C. shunt and D.C. series motor varies with the
speed of the motor.
(c) A Series Motor of resistance 1Ω between terminals runs at 800rpm at 200V
with a current of 15A. Find the speed at which it will run when connected in
series with a 5Ω resistance and taking the same current at the same supply
voltage. [5+5+6]
3. (a) What is an ideal transformer . Derive an expression for induced emf in a

transformer in terms of frequency the maximum value of flux, and the number
of turns on the winding. [16]
4. (a) Draw the equivalent circuit of a transformer and explain the procedure to
obtain the same from opencircuit and short circuit tests .
(b) A 10 KVA 2000/250 Volts single phase transformer gave the following test
results Open circuit test : 250 V, 0.8 A, 50 W Short circuit test: 60V 3A 45
W Calculate the efficiency and voltage regulation at full load 0.8 power factor
lag. [8+8]
5. (a) Explain the principle of 3-phase Induction Motor with the help of rotating
magnetic field.
(b) A 3-phase, 6-pole alternator is coupled to an engine running at 1200 r.p.m.
The alternator supplies an Induction Motor which has a full-load speed of
1164 r.p.m. Find the slip and number of poles of the motor. [10+6]
6. (a) Explain the constructional features of alternator.

(b) How e.m.f is induced in an 3-phase alternator? Derive the expression for e.m.f
induced in an alternator in terms of pitch and distribution factors. [8+8]
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Code No: R059211001 Set No. 1
7. Explain the constructional features and principle operation of a single phase induc-
tion motor [16]
8. (a) Discuss the classification of electrical instruments

(b) Explain the significance of controlling torque and damping torque relevant to
the operation Of indicating instruments. [8+8]
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1. (a) Discuss the process of self- excitation in a DC machine. What conditions must
be fulfilled for the machine to self-excite?
(b) A shunt generator has a F.L. current of 196A at 220V.The stray losses are
720W and the shunt field coil resistance is 55Ω .If it has a F.L. efficiency of
88%, Find the armature resistance. Also, find the load current corresponding
to maximum efficiency. [8+8]
2. (a) Explain Speed-Current and Torque-Current Characteristics of a series motor.

(b) A 15kW, 230V, 80A, 1000rpm DC series motor has the following full load
losses expressed in percentage of motor input:
Armature circuit ohmic losses = 2.8%;
Field ohmic losses = 2.2%
Rotational losses = 2.2% Neglect the armature reaction and magnetic satu-
raiton and assume the rotational loss to remain constant. If the morotr draws
hals the rated current at rated voltage. Determine.
i. speed in r.p.m. and
ii. shaft power output [8+8]
3. Explain the working of a transformer at no load and full load conditions with neat
diagrams. [16]
4. (a) Determine the efficiency of a 150 KVA transformer at 50% full load and 0.8
power factor lag if the copper loss at full load is 1600 Watts and iron loss is
1400 Watts.
(b) Draw the no load and full load phasor diagrams of a transformer. [8+8]
5. (a) Derive the expression for Torque-Slip characteristics of a 3-phase Induction

Motor. Explain how the torque of Induction Motor varies with speed with the
help of a diagram.
(b) Deduce the condition for maximum torque of a 3-phase Induction Motor.
(c) A 12-pole, 3-phase Induction Motor is fed from 50Hz supply. If the frequency
of rotor e.m.f at Half full-load is 2 Hz, find the Half Full-load speed and %Slip
[8+4+4]
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tion motor [16]

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1. (a) In an 110V, Compound generator the resistance of the armature, shunt and
series winding are 0.06Ω, 25Ω and 0.04Ω respectively. The load consists of
200lamps each rated at 55W, 110V. Find the total electromotive force and
armature current when the machine is connected
i. long shunt
ii. short shunt.
Ignore armature reaction and brush contact drop.
(b) A 100kW, belt driven shunt generator running at 300rpm on 220V bus bars
continues to run as a motor when the belt breaks, then taking 10kW. What
will be the speed? Armature resistance is 0.025Ω, field circuit resistance is
60Ω. Contact drop under each brush is 1V. Ignore armature reaction. [8+8]
2. (a) Explain with a neat circuit diagram swinburns test on DC shunt motor to find
the efficiency of DC machine when if runs as motor and generator? Mention
the advantages and disadvantages of this method?
(b) A series motor has a resistance of 1Ω between its terminals. The motor runs
at 800 r.p.m. at 200V taking a current of 15A. Calculate the speed at which
the motor will run when connected in series with a 5Ω resistance and taking
the same current at the same supply voltage. [10+6]
3. Explain the working of a transformer at no load and full load conditions with neat
diagrams. [16]
4. (a) What is regulation of a transformer. How it can be obtained from equivalent

circuit parameters. [16]
5. (a) Explain the constructional features of a 3-phase slip ring and squirrel cage
Induction Motors. Bring out the merits and demerits of each.
(b) A 3-phase star connected Induction motor has 55V across its slip rings on open
circuit when normal stator voltage is applied. The rotor is star connected and
has impedance (0.7+j5)Ω per phase. Find the rotor current when the machine
is
i. at stand still with the slip rings connected to a star connected starter with
a phase impedance of (5+j4)Ω and
ii. running normally with 4% slip. [10+6]
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7. Explain the principle operation of a shaded pole single phase induction motor and
draw its torque speed characteristic. [16]
8. With a neat sketch explain in detail moving iron attraction type instrument [16]
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1. (a) Discuss the process of self- excitation in a DC machine. What conditions must
be fulfilled for the machine to self-excite?
(b) A shunt generator has a F.L. current of 196A at 220V.The stray losses are
720W and the shunt field coil resistance is 55Ω .If it has a F.L. efficiency of
88%, Find the armature resistance. Also, find the load current corresponding
to maximum efficiency. [8+8]
2. (a) Distinguish between generator and motor action. Derive the equation for the
back e.m.f. of a DC motor.
(b) A 230V, DC shunt motor, takes an armature current of 3.33A at rated voltage
and at no-load speed of 1000rpm. The resistances of the armature and field
circuits are 0.3Ω and 160Ω respectively. The line current at full load and rated
voltage is 40A. Calculate, at full-load, the speed and the developed torque in
case the armature reaction weakens the no-load flux by 4%. [8+8]
3. (a) Explain the principle of operation of a transformer

(b) Derive an expression for voltage per turn of a transformer [8+8]
4. (a) What parameters of the equivalent circuit of a transformer can be determined

from opencircuit and short circuit tests Explain.
(b) A 10 KVA 2500/250 Volts single phase transformer gave the following test
results Open circuit test : 250 V, 0.8 A, 50 W Short circuit test: 60V 3A 45
W Calculate the efficiency and voltage regulation at full load 0.8 power factor
lag [8+8]
5. (a) Explain the principle of 3-phase Induction Motor with the help of rotating
magnetic field.
(b) A 3-phase, 6-pole alternator is coupled to an engine running at 1200 r.p.m.
The alternator supplies an Induction Motor which has a full-load speed of
1164 r.p.m. Find the slip and number of poles of the motor. [10+6]

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tion motor [16]

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Code No: R059211001 Set No.

2. (a) Derive an expression for torque of a D.C. motor.

3. (a) What is an ideal transformer . Derive an expression for induced emf in a

6. (a) Explain the constructional features of alternator.

8. (a) Discuss the classification of electrical instruments

2. (a) Explain Speed-Current and Torque-Current Characteristics of a series motor.

5. (a) Derive the expression for Torque-Slip characteristics of a 3-phase Induction

6. (a) Explain the constructional features of alternator.

8. (a) Discuss the classification of electrical instruments

4. (a) What is regulation of a transformer. How it can be obtained from equivalent

3. (a) Explain the principle of operation of a transformer

4. (a) What parameters of the equivalent circuit of a transformer can be determined

6. (a) Explain the constructional features of alternator.

8. (a) Discuss the classification of electrical instruments

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