introduction

:ict in learning
e-learning methods and the use of information
and communication technologies in education
and training have changed the way of learning
and teaching, providing a fundamental
contribution in their processes of innovation
and reform. through the integration of new
technologies, education and training have
become more accessible and more flexible,
offering opportunities to all and at all
educational levels. nevertheless new
technologies and their integration in the
education and training systems are no longer
an issue of discussion. focus is now placed on
the methodological and pedagogical
implications linked to their use for learning and
teaching purposes, starting from learning seen
as a social process, offering better
opportunities to collaborate with other
learners, to facilitate interaction with the
content, receive guidance from teachers and
tutors and to support accessibility for people
with disabilities of having time, age, space
.constraints
information and communication technology
(ict) has become, within a very short time, one
of the basic building blocks of modern society.
many countries now regard understanding ict
and mastering the basic skills and concepts of
ict as part of the core of
education, alongside reading, writing and
.numeracy
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definition of ict
ict stands for information and communication*
.technology
information and communication technology, or ict, is
defined as the combination of informatics technology
with other, related technologies,specifically
.communication technology
the main point in this definition is"informatics*
:"technology
informatics technology is defined as the
.technological applications
other technologies include
.computers,internet,multimedia,and telephone
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definition of e-learning

:elearning planning
•elearning refers to the exploration and use of a
broad range of information and communication
technologies (ict) to provide new learning
environments that may be interactive or
accessed online from home or within the
community.
the inclusion of elearning within the curriculum will
enhance a school's teaching and give students
new and valuable learning experiences.
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:ict in schools
reading, writing and mathematics will always be
important in education, and technology can be a vital
tool to help students better interact with these
.fundamental skills
knowing how to use technology also forms part of
.the skill set students need for life in the 21st century
information and communications technology, or ict ,
is the computer-related hardware and software that
enables information to be digitally processed, stored
.and communicated
in today's technology-rich environment, integrating
ict into teaching and learning will better equip young
.people with real skills for the future
so.it should be an integration between the new
technologies such as multimedia, e-learning and
distance education to deliver them into their
.educational systems
:ict curriculum**
the information and communication technology (ict)
curriculum provides students with a broad
perspective on the nature of technology, how to use
and apply a variety of technologies, and the impact
of information and communication technologies on
themselves and on society. the ict curriculum is not
intended to stand alone, but rather to be infused
.within core courses and programs
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:why teach with ict

the reasons:
1-because the future is here:
ict is the learning and teaching tool of the 21st
century. by teaching pupils using ict, you're not only
helping them learn better; you're preparing them for
a workplace – a world – already dominated by the
.computer. this is today's technology, not tomorrow's
2-because pupils love it:
incorporating ict and multimedia resources into your
lessons is a great way to reach your pupils – using
technologies, devices and applications that they
.already love to use in the rest of their lives
because it helps develop teaching professionals -3
:too
teaching using ict offers you the chance to inject new
passion into your subject, to adopt fresh approaches
to familiar material, and to develop new skills to
.expand your own career potential
4-because it saves time and energy:
according to the 2003 ict in school survey, the
majority of government-funded schools report that
ict 'helps reduce teacher workload in terms of lesson
.'preparation, planning and assessment
.and because it's fun -5
using ict as a tool for learning
:enables students to
efficiently and effectively access digital -1
information to assist with investigating
issues, solving problems and decision
.making
produce creative solutions to support
learning and develop new understandings
-in areas of learning. 2
communicate, share and work
collaboratively in local and global
-environments. 3
understand the legal, ethical and health .
and safety implications of using ict and
their responsibilities as users and
developers 4-develop new thinking and
-learning skills to support learning. 5
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:teachers in ict
teacher education and professional **
development are essential for the success
.of an ict curriculum in schools
:some points to consider are the following
1-psychological or affective factors are critically
important.it is important to decrease teachers'fears
of computers, and to show new learners that they are
able to use a computer. confidence is as important as
competence.
confidence and competence can be acquired-2
through autonomous work, using carefully prepared
learning materials and, where possible, some
distance interactions through appropriate
.communication tools
teachers, like all learners, need to be provided with-3
.opportunities to make mistakes
the most basic motor skills (e.g. pointing, clicking,-4
and dragging with a mouse) need to be mastered
before developing skills to use ict tools: mastery is
.about confidence and self-esteem
beginners have not only to be able to use ict tools-5
and environments, but to understand basic principles
about architecture, file managing, and email
.transmission
it is important to provide accurate representations-6
of the computing systems and ict tools they are
expected to use in their schools, not the theory of
.what may happen
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:teacher competencies **
there are general ict competencies, common to
all uses, regardless of the subject area.
training and professional development will
need to focus upon these competencies as
teachers' technical confidence and competence
grows and as they seek ways to improve their
.teaching
examples of general teacher competencies
:include the following
ability to decide why, when, where, and how -1
ict tools will contribute to teaching objectives,
and how to choose from among a range of ict
tools those that are most appropriate to
:stimulate pupils’ learning, that is
• choose ict tools and pedagogy from those
recommended for specific subjects;
• explain the reasons for choosing particular ict
tools and pedagogy;
• emphasize the content of students'
productions;
• plan a whole lesson sequence, deciding in
advance when and how ict will best be
 used.
ability to manage a class-based learning -2
environment using team work to achieve
:teaching objectives, that is
• be able to describe difficulties in using ict to
achieve planned lesson objectives;
• understand differences between pupils
according to their competencies in using
ict;
• have available strategies to manage such
differences in the course of teaching.
ability to decide when whole class or group -3
multimedia presentations will be useful, that
:is
• vary the kind of presentation or lesson
materials according to the main goals and
the teaching method;
• analyze a presentation for legibility,
structure, coherence with objectives, and
suitability for students.
4-ability to analyze subject specific multimedia
educational software,that is:
• evaluate cd-roms, web sites, video and audio,
courseware;
• assess activities proposed for learners and
the contribution of these to lesson
objectives;
• analyze the specific contribution of ict tools
to individual students' learning.
5-ability to assist students to find, compare,
and analyze information from the internet, and
from other sources specific to a subject area,
that is:
• teach students to construct simple searches;
• help students to manage, to criticize, to
synthesize and to present information
using ict tools.
6-ability to select and use appropriate tools to
communicate, according to teachers' own
objectives, with colleagues or with fellow
students, that is:
• assess communication tools to use teaching
situations to facilitate collaboration.
7-ability to use ict more efficiently, choosing
training sessions and participating in new
developments in order to enhance professional
development, that is:
• participate and be active in groups working
on the use of ict;
• use ict tools (forums, conferencing, bulletin
boards, email) to collaborate in the
improvement of teaching and learning and
in
the management of learning processes.

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applying ict to teachers' subject
areas:
after teachers have acquired basic ict skills and
knowledge, they feel confident in using a number of
generic and specialized ict tools that can be applied
to the teaching of their subject areas.
in my opinion, this applying effected by many factors
such as the class enviroment,electronic equipments
that is available,students' altitude towardes
technology,and the nature of the lesson itself.
training courses, seminars and workshops on specific
applications used in a teacher's subject area. it is
sometimes recommended to include these ict
workshops in accepted conferences within the
specific teacher subject community in order to
increase the opportunities for participation.
also,teachers who share the same subject area can
work together in their school to pool ideas and the
learning resources they have
prepared.
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stages of teaching and learning:

studies of teaching and learning in schools around

the world identify four broad stages in the way that
teachers and students learn about and gain
confidence in the use of ict.
1-discovering ict tools.
2-learning how to use ict tools.
3-understanding how and when to use ict tools.
4-specializing in the use of ict tools.
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some changes ict makes:
•ict adds value to the processes of learning, and in
the organization and management of learning
institutions.
•the internet is a driving force for much development
and innovation in both developed and
developing countries.
•technological developments lead to changes in work
and changes in the organization of work, and
required competencies are therefore changing.
•gaining in importance are the following
competencies:
1-critical thinking,
2-generalist (broad) competencies.
3-ict competencies enabling expert work.
4-decision-making.
5-handling of dynamic situations.
6-working as a member of a team.
7-communicating effectively.

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technology applications in
education:
the fundamental function served by the technology is
that it enhances our ability to communicate
information.the human communication is based on
interchange of information.
some application:
1-technology can be used to teach.
2-technology can be used to ensure that all students
learn.
3-technology can be used to reduce time needed to
teach instructional objectives.
4-students prefer technology-based instruction.
5-technology-based instruction can be cost effictive.