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TATIANA GIDASPOW
BULLETIN
OF THE
AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
VOLUME 124: ARTICLE 7 NEW YORK: -1963
THE GENUS CALOSOMA IN CENTRAL AMERICA, THE
ANTILLES, AND SOUTH AMERICA
(COLEOPTERA, CARABIDAE)
THE GENUS CALOSOMA IN CENTRAL
AMERICA, THE ANTILLES, AND
SOUTH AMERICA (COLEOPTERA,
CARABIDAE)
TATIANA GIDASPOW
Department of Entomology
The American Museum of Natural History
BULLETIN
OF THE
AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
VOLUME 124 : ARTICLE 7 NEW YORK: 1963
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
Volume 124, article 7, pages 275-314, figures 1-88, tables 1, 2
Issued March 18, 1963
279
SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNTS
GENUS CALOSOMA WEBER SUBGENUS CARABOSOMA GfHIN
KEY TO THE SUBGENERA OF THE Carabosoma GEHIN, 1885, p. 32. Type: Calo-
GENUS Calosoma soma angulatum Chevrolat.
This is primarily a North American species with large punctures on the apex, bearing
of the western and southwestern United short hair as in peregrinator, but not on
States, but it also occurs in Mexico and, entire segment as in that species. Penis not
occasionally, in Costa Rica. From the last- so wide as that of peregrinator, but with same
named country I have seen two specimens. broadly rounded tip; hook on inner armature
with long neck (fig. 56); leaf-like process of
SUGBENUS CAMEDULA MOTSCHULSKY female genitalia not so pointed as that of
Camedula MOTSCHULSKY, 1865, p. 303. Type: peregrinator. Metatrochanter in both sexes
Calosoma glabratum Dejean. with rounded tip and seta; anterior tarsi of
Calosoma (Camedula) glabratum Dejean male dilated, and all three segments with
dense brush underneath; all tibiae straight,
Figures 1, 56 as usual in subgenus Camedula.
Calosoma glabratum DEJEAN, 1831, p. 565. Type Length, 18.5 mm.; width, 8-10.5 mm.
locality: Colombia. DISTRIBUTION: Northern South America,
Carabosoma bolivianum GEHIN, 1885, p. 65. around Bogota and Pandi in Colombia, on
Type locality: Bolivia. grassland and cultivated fields (fig. 1). Ac-
DESCRIPTION: Resembling peregrinator cording to Breuning (1927) and Jeannel
(United States and Mexico), but smaller and (1940), also in Panama, Peru, and Bolivia.
more brownish. Head moderately and finely Breuning (1927) regarded peregrinator as a
punctate and wrinkled, in some specimens subspecies of glabratum. Jeannel (1940) treated
only near eyes; labrum wrinkled and with them as different species, which I believe they
small notch; last segment of maxillary palpi are.
shorter and wider than preceding one; mandi- Gehin's bolivianum, treated by Breuning
bles rugose and punctate in creases; eyes (1927) as another subspecies of glabratum, is
feebly projecting, with one seta near each; apparently a synonym, as stated by Jeannel
third segment of antennae compressed, sec- (1940). The small size of bolivianum (11 mm.)
ond and base of fourth more feebly so; be- is considered by Jeannel to be a misprint.
ginning with fifth segment, antennae pubes- MATERIAL EXAMINED: Thirty-four speci-
cent, with indistinct glabrous spots on fifth mens.
and sixth segments, in some specimens also SUBGENUS CALODREPA MOTSCHULSKY
on following ones; tooth of mentum pointed,
without pore punctures. Calodrepa MOTSCHULSKY, 1865, p. 310. Type:
Pronotum twice as wide as long, angulated, Calosoma scrutator Fabricius.
but with rounded side angles as in peregrina- KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS
tor; lateral margin narrow from apex to base Calodrepa MOTSCHULSKY
and with middle setae only, basal ones absent; 1. Elytral margin of same color as elytra, green
hind angles small, pointed, hardly projecting or light brown, with green luster; tibiae
beyond basal line; disk very finely wrinkled, and tarsi brown. Length, 21-28 mm.
more so at base and sides. Greater Antilles (Cuba, Haiti, and Do-
Elytra with almost parallel sides, distinct minican Republic), and the United States
humeral angles and serrated margin near ..
splendidum Dejean
. . . . . . . . .
them; striae fine, with minute punctures; Elytral margin purple or golden green;
interstices flat; foveae on fourth, eighth, and tibiae and tarsi reddish brown or dark
twelfth interstices not present in all speci- brown ............. 2 .
mens, usually shallow and small. 2(1). Pronotum metallic green, in some speci-
Ventral side dark brown; proepisternum mens with slightly lighter margin; femur
smooth; metepisternum, first, second, and bluish green. Length, 22-30 mm. Mexico,
part of third abdominal segments with large, Nicaragua. . . . aurocinctum Chaudoir
Pronotum navy blue or black, with purple
sparse punctures, which in some specimens or golden green margin; femur reddish
are present also on proepisternum and mesepi- brown, in a few darker, with blue or
sternum; fourth and fifth abdominal seg- purple luster. Length, 25-35 mm. United
ments finely wrinkled and punctate, sixth States, Mexico, Guatemala, Venezuela
one more densely punctate in females, and . . . . .
.
. . . . .
scrutator Fabricius
1963 GIDASPOW: CALOSOMA 283
Calosoma (Calodrepa) scrutator Fabricius Microcalosoma, and Carabomimus, and it
Figure 1 would be better to leave it and Castrida as
Calosoma scrutator FABRICIUS, 1775, p. 239. separate subgenera of the genus Calosoma.
Type locality: Virginia. The main characters of the subgenus Neo-
calosoma are presented in the following de-
This species is very common in the United scription of its single species.
States, but it is rare in Mexico, Central
America, and northern South America. Calosoma (Neocalosoma) bridgesi Chaudoir
RECORDS (FIG. 1): Guatemala: Amatitlan; Calosoma bridgesi CHAUDOIR, 1869, p. 377. Type
Mauricio; Zaculeu near Huehuetenango. locality: Tucuman, Argentina.
Venezuela: Cumana. (For localities in Mexico I have not seen the type, but Mrs. Patricia
and the United States, see Gidaspow, 1959.) Vaurie examined the apparent cotype in the
The three males and two females from Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle in
South America that I have examined are Paris and kindly sent me her notes and draw-
very much like typical scrutator of the United ings. There were four specimens: one male
States, but one male from Guatemala has with the label "Amer. Inter. (Musaeo A.
dark brown, not reddish, legs, although with Salle 1897)," one female from "S. Amer.
the same blue luster as in the typical forms. (Musaeo Fd. Brown)," another from "Chile
Calosoma (Calodrepa) splendidum Dejean (Musaeo Mniszech)," and the third from
Calosoma splendidum DEJEAN, 1831, p. 558. "Toluca, Mexico (collection J. B. Gehin,
Type locality: Santo Domingo, Dominican Re- 1869, An. Soc. Fr. 377)," The last-named is
public. apparently mislabeled, because bridgesi does
This species is from the Greater Antilles not occur in Mexico.
and southeastern United States. DESCRIPTION: The four specimens from
RECORDS: Cuba: Guantanamo; Jobabo. Bolivia' that I have examined are black, with
Dominican Republic: Santo Domingo; Santi- reddish brown elytra. Head stout as in laeve,
ago. United States: Florida: Chokoloskee; sparsely and finely wrinkled and often with
Key West. Georgia: Clarke County. minute punctures. Pronotum as wide as long,
MATERIAL EXAMINED: Twenty specimens. with side setae in middle of lateral margin and
basal ones, which are apparently not always
Calosoma (Calodrepa) aurocinctum Chaudoir present, near hind angles; hind angles not
Calosoma aurocinctum CHAUDOIR, 1850, p. 420; larger than those of laeve, rounded, hardly or
new name for splendidum Perbosc, 1839, p. 261, not at all projecting beyond basal line; disk
preoccupied by splendidum Dejean. Type locality: smooth, slightly wrinkled, more so on sides
Mexico. and base. Elytra oval, smooth, hardly wider
This primarily Mexican species extends as than pronotum, rather convex, shorter than
far as Nicaragua, and the specimens that I in laeve, with arcuate, not parallel sides, and
have examined from there are not different wider toward apex. Metepisternum not longer
from those from Mexico. than wide, as usual in apterous species; meta-
MATERIAL EXAMINED: Sixty-six speci- trochanter with seta; middle tibiae arcuate,
mens. especially in male. Penis more slender than
SUGBENUS NEOCALOSOMA BREUNING
in laeve, with a thinner, slightly bent tip.
Female genitalia of the usual Calosoma type.
Neocalosoma BREUNING, 1927, p. 146; 1928, p. LENGTH, 19-20 mm.; width, 8-9 mm.
121. Type: Calosoma bridgesi Chaudoir. DISTRIBUTION: This rare species is appar-
The subgenus Neocalosoma was described ently localized in the mountains in northern
by Breuning for a single species, bridgesi Argentina, Chile, and Bolivia.
Chaudoir, which resembles Calosoma laeve of RECORDS: Argentina: Tucuman. Bolivia:
Mexico and, like it, is apterous. Cochabamba, Tiraque, at an altitude of 3200
Jeannel (1940) placed Neocalosoma as a meters. Chile.
subgenus of Castrida which he treated as a I This rare species was kindly sent to me by Mr.
genus. I believe that Neocalosoma has more in John W. McReynolds, whose collection of Calosoma is
common with the subgenera Blaptosoma, one of the best I had the opportunity to examine.
284 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 124
Although this species is similar to laeve, it first segment and basal part of fourth one
differs by having arcuate middle tibiae and distinctly compressed, beginning from fifth
slightly shorter elytra, which are wider to- segment antennae uniformly pubescent.
ward the apex. It is also similar to Castrida Pronotum narrow, not more than one and a
vagans, but the latter has well-developed half times as wide as long, narrowed poster-
wings and consequently longer metepister- iorly; hind angles obtuse, extending back-
num, while bridgesi is apterous. ward; basal line straight; lateral margin thin
SUBGENUS MICROCALOSOMA BREUNI NG
from apex to base and without either basal or
middle setae; apical marginal bead distinct;
Microcalosoma BREUNING, 1927, p. 146; 1928, disk very smooth, shining, without puncta-
p. 123.Type: Calosoma linelli Mutchler. tion, but finely winkled.
This subgenus was proposed by Breuning Elytra round-oval, slightly convex; hum-
for one species, linelli, from the Galapagos eral angles distinct; elytral margin even;
Islands. Later Jennel (1940), who recognized striae regular, punctate; interstices of un-
Microcalosoma as a subgenus of the genus equal width, the fourth, eighth, and twelfth
Castrida, added galapageium to the same bearing foveae, being wider and more ele-
subgenus. Although both species live on the vated than adjacent ones (chain-like); foveae
Galapagos Islands and have a few characters shallow, with green luster and a little granule
in common, they are different and cannot inside; all interstices smooth or slightly
belong to the same subgenus. Calosoma wrinkled.
galapageium usually has well-developed wings Ventral side extremely smooth, a few shal-
and basal setae on the pronotum and is low punctures may be present on metepi-
spread over the entire archipelago, while sternum as well as on first and second abdom-
linelli is apterous, has no setae on the prono- inal segments; following segments finely
tum, and is localized on Chatham Island. wrinkled, last one with four setae on apex,
Therefore it seems better to leave Castrida without additional ones in second row; fourth
and Microcalosoma as separate subgenera, to and fifth segments with two setae each, first
place galapageium in the subgenus Castrida three abdominal segments apparently with-
together with the other winged species, and to out setae; metepisternum as long as wide, as
leave linelli in the subgenus Microcalosoma, usual in wingless species (fig. 12); prosternal
as was done by Breuning (1927). process flat, with round apex; legs compara-
The main characters of Microcalosoma are tively long; metatrochanter without setae,
given under the description of the species. and in both sexes with rounded tip; femur
Calosoma (Microcalosoma) linelli Mutchler smooth, with short, sparse setae; anterior
tibiae without longitudinal furrows, on tip
Figures 8, 12, 33, 36, 57, 58, 84 with short spines, as if they were broken;
Calosoma linelli MUTCHLER, 1925, p. 222; new middle tibiae arcuate, more so in male, the
name for Calosoma galapageium Linell, 1899, p. latter with a brush of red hair on inner, upper
250, preoccupied by galapageium Hope. Type side of middle tibiae; hind tibiae straight;
locality: Catham Island, Galipagos. anterior tarsi smooth and shining, in male
DESCRIPTION: One of the smallest species dilated and bearing a dense brush on ventral
of Calosoma, about 12-13 mm. in length. side of three segments; depression on dorsal
Light brown, elytra cupreous, with green side of second segment present; traces of
luster, antennae and legs much lighter. depression appearing on third segment; pos-
Head smooth and shining, with a few terior tarsi slender, second segment more
wrinkles near eyes; eyes hardly projecting, than three times as long as wide (fig. 33).
with one seta near each; occiput swollen; Penis with pecular tip, resembling a fish tail,
labrum almost bifurcate; mandibles strigose inner armature slender, hook long (figs. 57,
and with sparse punctures; last segment of 58). Gonapophyses also slender, leaf-like
maxillary palpi not shorter, but distinctly process slim and pointed, with elongated
wider than preceding one (fig. 36); tooth of furrow containing two tiny setae; basal
mentum pointed and without pore punctures; sclerites of genitalia convex, with large, sparse
antennae comparatively short; basal part of punctures bearing setae (fig. 84).
1963. GIDASPOW: CALOSOMA 285
Length, 12-13 mm.; width, 5.5-6 mm. slightly, and in some species, as in alternans
DISTRIBUTION: Localized on Chatham and some invididuals of sayi, of unequal
Island, Galapagos. width; most species having scaly interstices,
MATERIAL EXAMINED: Three specimens. with transverse wrinkles connecting punc-
SUBGENUS CASTRIDA MOTSCHULSKY
tures of adjacent striae; foveae on fourth,
eighth, and twelfth interstices present in all
Castrida MOTSCHULSKY, 1865, p. 300. Type: individuals often large and brilliant, and
Calosoma sayi Dejean. with granule inside.
DESCRIPTION: Body oblong; elytra usually Ventral side brown or black, in many with
convex, with distinct humeral angles, deep, metallic luster, more or less densely punctate
regular striae, and strongly or moderately on sides of thorax and abdomen; prosternal
convex interstices. Mostly shining species, process either short and wide, with strongly
with reddish, copper, or metallic green luster, elevated sides, as in trapezipenne (fig. 24), or
some species brown or black, and, like vagans, more slender, with less elevated sides, as in
without metallic luster. most other species (figs. 25-30). Metepi-
Front of head punctate and wrinkled, in sternum longer than wide and wings well
some species, such as argentinense and abbrevi- developed. However, in some forms of gal-
atum, quite densely so; labrum almost bifur- apageium, such as darwinia, metepisternum
cate or at least deeply curved; mandibles much shorter, only slightly longer than wide
rough, rugose, and punctate; antennae nor- (fig. 14), and, in forms from James Island,
mally long, reaching beyond humeri, with quite short, almost square, with consequently
third segment distinctly compressed, second reduced wings (figs. 17, 18). Legs normally
segment and base of fourth segment slightly long, metatrochanter without seta, except in
so; last segment of maxillary palpi either of trapezipenne and some specimens of gal-
same length as preceding one and only apageium; in females metatrochanter rounded
slightly wider, as in alternans, sayi, and or slightly pointed on tip, in males pointed,
fulgens, or shorter and distinctly wider than alternans, sayi, and fulgens noticeable for
preceding one, as in vagans, rufipenne, and their long, arcuate, and pointed metatro-
other species. Unfortunately this character is chanter, abbreviatum noticeable for truncate
not distinct in all cases, especially in argentin- one (figs. 40-52); metatrochanter of vagans
ense and retusum; tooth of mentum usually rounded in both sexes (fig. 42); middle tibiae
short and pointed, in some specimens blunt, strongly arcuate, more so in male, tip of
but this is an infraspecific variation; eyes middle tibiae in males with patch of red hair
more or less prominent, with one seta near on inner, upper side. This patch may be very
each. small, just between two spurs (as in alternans,
Pronotum wide, mostly two or more times sayi, and fulgens), or longer, like a brush (as
as wide as long, widest part in middle, rarely in trapezipenne, vagans, retusum, and argen-
being narrowed posteriorly; basal and middle tinense, and partly in abbreviatum and gal-
setae present (but in rufipenne basal setae apageium), or (as in rufipenne) like a fringe of
absent, as in many individuals of galapage- red hair on the whole upper part of the tibiae,
ium); sides usually slightly arcuate, in some becoming denser and wider toward the apex.
specimens straighter posteriorly; hind angles Some males of abbreviatum also have a fringe
either rounded, extending backward, as in of red hair, almost as long as in rufipenne.
retusum, or pointed, almost obliterated, as in Rarely, males of Castrida lack the patch, as
argentinense, abbreviatum, and some others; do females, or they may have patches on
basal dimples deep, with coarse punctures middle and hind tibiae; hind tibiae almost
and heavy wrinkles; disk seldom smooth as straight. Usually tibiae and tarsi finely,
in vagans, usually punctate and wrinkled, at sparsely punctate in addition to rows of
least slightly, as in retusum, or strongly so as punctures with setae, present in all Calosoma.
in argentinense and abbreviatum. Second segment of hind tarsi either three
Elytra oblong, humeri distinct, margin times as long as wide, and usually longer than
near them serrated or even; striae regular, one-half of first one, as in sayi, alternans, ful-
mostly deep, interstices convex, at least gens, and galapageium, or only twice, seldom
286 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 124
two and a half times, as long as wide, as in sides (fig. 24); mandibles with deep,
vagans, retusum, and argentinense. Front tarsi transverse creases (fig. 22); elytra hardly
of male with three segments dilated and bear- convex, usually wider toward apex; color
ing a dense brush on ventral side, except in coppery red, with brilliant green luster.
sayi in which first segment has incomplete length, 17-23 mm. Argentina .
.... .... trapezipenne Chaudoir
brush, and only second one fully covered Metepisternum distinctly longer than wide,
underneath. Dorsal side of second segment except in some small specimens of gala-
with more or less distinct depression, absent pageium (figs. 15, 16, 19-21); prosternal
in abbreviatum and rufipenne. Last abdominal process more elongated, with less ele-
segment with up to eight setae on apex and vated sides (figs. 25-30); mandibles
no additional ones in second row, as in many usually with longitudinal striae or
other subgenera (Chrysostigma, Carabomi- creases (fig. 23) ....... . . . 2
mus, and some others). Third, fourth, and 2(1). Elytra light brown, with green margin;
fifth abdominal segments with two to four head and pronotum black, with blue or
setae each. Penis stout, with straight tip, as in green luster; second segment of hind
retusum and vagans (figs. 78, 80), or more tarsi two and a half or three times as
long as wide (fig. 31); last segment of
slender, with slightly bent tip, as in galapage- maxillary palpi distinctly shorter and
ium, sayi, and alternans (figs. 62-74, 77), or, wider than preceding one (fig. 37).
as in fulgens, with strongly bent tip (fig. 75); Length, 22-24 mm. Peru, Chile . . .
inner armature in all specimens ending in .. ........ rufipenne Dejean
hook. Female genitalia not differing much Elytra of different color (reddish copper,
among species; leaf-like process in sayi, alter- bronze, brilliant green, or dark brown,
nans, and fulgens more rounded, more spoon- without metallic luster) . . . . . . 3
shaped, than in other species, and often with 3(2). Elytra, often head and pronotum, with
rounded, less elongated furrow (figs. 84-88). bluish green luster; last segment of max-
All species of this subgenus are relatively illary palpi shorter and distinctly wider
large, about 22 to 28 mm.; a few are 30 mm.; than preceding one; second segment of
hind tarsi three times as long as wide.
only galapageium is smaller, 16 to 22 mm. length, 16-22 mm. Gal'apagos Islands .
The subgenus Castrida has many charac- ...................gal
Hope
ters in common with the subgenera Calosoma Elytra with coppery, golden, or green lus-
and Calodrepa; it differs from them, as well as ter, or brown without metallic luster;
from other subgenera of the genus Calosoma, last segment of maxillary palpi almost
in the presence of the basal setae on the as long as, and scarcely wider than, pre-
pronotum, the absence of a seta on the meta- ceding one, or if short and wide, as in
trochanter, and in having a depression on the galapagaeium, then second segment of
second segment of the front tarsi in the male. hind tarsi is stouter, not more than
The species of the subgenus Calosoma are twice as long as wide . . . . . . . 4
European and Asiatic, exceptfrigidum, which 4(3). Last segment of maxillary palpi almost as
lives in the United States. On the contrary long as, and hardly wider than, preced-
ing one (fig. 39); second segment of hind
the subgenus Calodrepa is distributed tarsi three times as long as wide (fig.
throughout the North American continent, 32); metatrochanter of male strongly
with splendidum found also on Haiti and arcuate and pointed (fig. 43) . . . . 5
Cuba, and scrutator in northern South Amer- Last segment of maxillary palpi usually
ica. The species of the subgenus Castrida are shorter and distinctly wider than pre-
South American, except sayi, which inhabits ceding one (fig. 38); second segment of
North and Central America and the Greater hind tarsi usually not more than twice,
Antilles. seldom two and a half times, as long as
wide (figs. 34, 35); metatrochanter of
KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF THE male not arcuate, with rounded or
SUBGENUS Castrida MOTSCHULSKY slightly pointed tip (figs. 45, 47, 49-51)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.
1. Metepisternum large and broad, only a 5(4). All elytral interstices of equal width, and
little longer than wide (fig. 13); proster- barely convex or flat, except the tenth
nal process wide, with strongly elevated which may be narrower than adjacent
1963 GIDASPOW: CALOSOMA 287
ones; color brilliant coppery red, with dustier, with reddish bronze or green
green luster; tip of penis strongly bent luster . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
(fig. 75). Length, 24-26 mm. Colombia, 10(9). Metatrochanter truncate (figs. 49, 50, 51);
Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Uruguay . . . color usually green; second segment of
......... ..........fulgens
Chaudoir anterior tarsi in male without depression
Second, sixth, and tenth elytral interstices on dorsal side; tip of penis short and
narrower than adjacent ones, strongly rounded, not arcuate (fig. 82). Length,
convex; if all interstices of equal width, 22-25 mm. Colombia, Ecuador, Peru,
then color dark and dull; tip of penis Bolivia ... abbreviatum Chaudoir
straight (fig. 77) ......... 6 . Metatrochanter with rounded tip (fig. 45);
6(5). Second, sixth, and tenth elytral interstices color reddish bronze or coppery, in only
either of equal width or slightly nar- a few with green luster; depression on
rower than adjacent ones; hind angles of dorsal side of anterior tarsi; tip of penis
pronotum obtuse; anterior tarsi of male thin, long, and slightly arcuate (fig. 83).
with two segments bearing dense brush Length, 20-25 mm. Argentina, Para-
on ventral side.... .. sayi Dejean guay, Bolivia, Brazil. argentinense Csiki
Second, sixth, and tenth elytral interstices
much narrower than adjacent ones; Calosoma (Castrida) trapezipenne Chaudoir
fourth, eighth, and twelfth interstices Figures 1, 9, 13, 22, 24, 40, 41, 53-55, 59, 60, 86
bearing foveae often narrower; anterior Calosoma trapezipenne CHAUDOIR, 1869, p. 369.
tarsi of male with three segments bear-
ing dense brush on ventral side . . . 7 Type locality: Mendoza, Argentina.
7(6). Darker beetles, less shining; fourth, eighth, DESCRIPTION: Coppery red, with green
and twelfth interstices bearing foveae, luster. Body shorter and flatter than that of
usually narrower than adjacent ones. argentinense and retusum which resemble
Length, 23-27 mm. Colombia, Ecuador, trapezipenne; elytra less convex and wider
Venezuela, northern Brazil, Panama, toward apex than those in other species of
Mexico, the Lesser Antilles. .....
Castrida.
. . alternanas alternans Fabricius
. .
Shining beetles with green luster on head Head and pronotum finely, densely punc-
and pronotum and coppery elytra; tate and wrinkled; eyes slightly projecting,
fourth, eighth, and twelfth interstices, less so than in argentinense; mandibles with
bearing foveae, of equal width, in a few deep, transverse creases (fig. 22), not with
narrower than adjacent ones. Length, longitudinal striae or creases, as usual in the
24-30 mm. Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, subgenus Castrida and other subgenera of
Bolivia. . . alternans granulatum Perty Calosoma (fig. 23); labrum almost bifurcate,
8(4). Dark brown, without metallic luster; tooth of mentum usually blunt, although in
elytral interstices flat or slightly convex, some examples pointed (figs. 53-55); anten-
with fine, transverse wrinkles. Length, nae as in other species of Castrida.
20-25 mm. Chile, Argentina ..... Pronotum twice or more than twice as
......... ............vagans
Dejean wide as long, appearing very broad because of
Shining beetles, with green or reddish lus-
ter; elytral interstices convex, with deep, comparatively small head; widest place in
transverse wrinkles (scaly) . . . . . 9 most cases close to middle, not necessarily
9(8). Pronotum with slightly arcuate sides and anterior to it, as often described in the litera-
rounded hind angles extending back- ture (Breuning, 1927); hind angles obtuse,
ward; disk slightly wrinkled, coarsely extending backward, distinctly more promi-
punctate at base; head with sparse punc- nent than those of argentinense or abbreviatum,
tures (fig. 10); elytral striae with dis- and more pointed than those of retusum;
tinct punctures; brilliant green or cop- lateral margin narrow from apex to base and
pery, with metallic green luster. Length, bearing two setae, basal and middle ones;
25-30 mm. Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil disk finely, densely punctate and wrinkled
. retusum Fabricius
.
Pronotum with small, mostly pointed hind (fig. 9).
angles, extending backward slightly if Elytra hardly convex and usually wider
at all; punctation on head and pronotum toward apex; humeral angles distinct, with
dense (fig. 11); punctures on elytral even margin near them; striae regular and
striae inconspicuous; beetles less shining, deep, formed by imprinted lines and incon-
288 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 124
spicuous punctures, as in argentinense and Jeannel (1940) lefttrapezipennein Lapouge's
abbreviatum; interstices of equal width, subgenus Catastriga of the genus Castrida. I
slightly convex and scaly from apex to base; believe that Catastriga and Castrida are syn-
foveae large, but shallow, golden green or onyms.
reddish copper, lighter than elytra. In Csiki's (1927) and Blackwelder's (1944)
Ventral side dark brown, with metallic catalogues, trapezipenne is listed as a variety
luster; prosternal process broad, toward tip of granulatum. This is an error; trapezipenne
with elevated margin (fig. 24); however, some is a full species and is recognized as such by
specimens from Catamarca have less elevated Breuning (1927), Jeannel (1940), and other
side margin of prosternal process, although entomologists.
not so flat as in other species of Castrida. MATERIAL EXAMINED: Thirty specimens.
Proepisternum and mesepisternum smooth,
metepisternum large and wide, with sparse Calosoma (Castrida) rufipenne Dejean
punctures at base (fig. 13); abdominal seg- Figures 1, 31, 37, 61, 87
ments finely punctate and wrinkled, mostly
on sides, last segment entirely so, with four to Calosoma rufipenne DEJEAN, 1831, p. 566. Type
eight setae on apex; third, fourth, and fifth locality: San Lorenzo, Peru.
segments bearing two setae each; metatro- DESCRIPTION: Head and pronotum black,
chanter in both sexes barely pointed, and with green or blue luster, elytra light brown
usually with seta, yet 13 per cent of the or yellowish brown, with golden green mar-
beetles examined lacked it (figs. 40, 41); gin.
middle tibiae of male with brush of red hair Head moderately densely and not very
on tip; anterior tarsi of male strongly dilated, finely punctate, also deeply wrinkled at front;
bearing dense brush on ventral side, second tooth of mentum small, blunt, in only a few
segment with depression on dorsal side; sec- cases distinctly pointed; last segment of
ond segment of hind tarsi hardly more than maxillary palpi shorter and much stouter
twice as long as wide. Penis more or less than preceding one (fig. 37).
stout, with short, almost straight tip, hook of Pronotum with arcuate sides, straighter
inner armature short (figs. 59, 60); female posteriorly; lateral margin narrow and with
genitalia of usual type, tip of leaf-like process middle setae only; hind angles small, pointed,
obtuse or slightly pointed (fig. 86). extending a little beyond basal line; disk
Length, 17-23 mm.; width, 9-12 mm. finely wrinkled and very finely punctate,
DISTRIBUTION: This species is not common; more coarsely toward base.
it is found on the western plateau of Argen- Elytral margin near humeri slightly ser-
tina, on the elevations at San Juan and rated; striae with fine, inconspicuous punc-
Mendoza, in the xerophyte forests of the tures connected by thin lines; interstices
Sierra de Cordoba, and on the bare hills of the hardly convex, not scaly, but with fine, trans-
Rio Negro around dry bush and desert scrub. verse, and irregular wrinkles; foveae shallow,
According to Jeannel (1940), it extends south not distinct in all specimens, in some purple
to Patagonia. or bluish.
RECORDS (FIG. 1): Argentina: Catamarca: Ventral side brown, darker than elytra, and
Valle de Santa Maria. San Juan. Cordoba. with faint blue luster; proepisternum, mesepi-
Mendoza. Rio Negro: Cipolletti; Lamarque. sternum, and metepisternum very smooth,
Calosoma (Castrida) trapezipenne is similar the latter in a few individuals with a few
to argentinense but differs from it, as well as punctures and wrinkles; first abdominal seg-
from other species of Castrida, in the form of ment with fine, sparse punctures on sides;
the body, with its small head and wide following segments finely wrinkled, the last
pronotum, in the slightly convex elytra, one entirely so; metatrochanter in both sexes
which is wider toward the apex, the large and with round tip, mostly with seta (57% of the
broad metepisternum, and the wider proster- beetles examined); middle tibiae slightly
nal process with elevated sides. It resembles arcuate, in male with long fringe of red hair,
galapageium by having a seta on the metatro- almost as long as half of middle tibiae; second
chanter, but differs from it by having basal segment of hind tarsi two and a half to three
setae on the pronotum. times as long as wide (fig. 31); anterior tarsi
1963 GIDASPOW: CALOSOMA 289
of male with three segments dilated and DESCRIPTION: Black or dark brown, with
bearing dense brush on ventral side; second bluish green luster.
segment without depression on dorsal side, Front of head sparsely, finely punctate and
while most of the species of this subgenus finely wrinkled, in a few cases almost smooth;
have it. Penis stouter than that of sayi, but last segment of maxillary palpi shorter and
more slender than that of retusum, hook of wider than preceding one.
inner armature also shorter (fig. 61); leaf-like Pronotum slightly narrowed posteriorly,
process of female genitalia of usual form, not one and a half times or a little less than twice
spoon-shaped like that of sayi, although tip as wide as long, smooth or finely wrinkled,
more rounded than usual (fig. 87). with sparse punctures at base; hind angles
Length, 22-24 mm.; width, 8.5-9.5 mm. small, pointed, slightly projecting beyond
DISTRIBUTION: This species is not com- basal line; lateral margin thin from apex to
mon. It is found in Peru and northern Chile, base, and in many cases lacking setae. Among
from the cultivated fields of Piura and Lima 288 specimens examined from the Galapagos,
provinces in Peru, through the pampas on the 50 per cent had no basal setae; they were
elevations of Arequipa and Mollendo, and, collected mostly on Chatham and Tower
following the pampas, into Tarapaca in Chile. Islands, although a few specimens came from
RECORDS (FIG. 1): Peru: Piura: Quiras Charles Island. Most of the examples from
River. Ancachs: Huacho. Lima: City of Albemarle, Indefatigable, James, and the
Lima. Cuzco: River Puacartambo. Arequipa: other islands had the middle and basal
Arequipa; Mollendo. Chile: Tacna; Azapa setae.
River near Arica. Taracapa: Pintados. Elytra with distinct humeral angles, more
This species is readily distinguished by the or less parallel sides, only in a few wider
light brown elytra, the black head and prono- toward apex; elytral margin even, without
tum, with green luster, and by the absence of slightest trace of serration; striae regular,
the basal setae on the pronotum. About half punctate; interstices convex, with fine, trans-
of the specimens of galapageium also lack verse wrinkles but not scaly, fourth, eighth,
setae. and twelfth interstices broken into chains by
As is the case with other species of Calo- shallow, golden green, or coppery foveae.
soma of South America, rufipenne has been Ventral side brown, with bluish luster,
shifted from one subgenus to another. Breun- proepisternum and mesepisternum smooth,
ing (1927) placed it in the subgenus Camedula metepisternum and first abdominal segment
Motschulsky. Jeannel (1940) described for it with large, sparse punctures, following seg-
a new subgenus, Caludema of the genus ments finely wrinkled on sides, last segment
Castrida. I do not think it is necessary to finely punctate and wrinkled, mostly with no
describe a new subgenus for this single spec- more than four or six setae on apex; meta-
ies, because rufipenne fits fairly well in the trochanter in both sexes with rounded or
subgenus Castrida, much better than in the barely pointed tip, and mostly without seta.
subgenus Camedula, where it was placed by It is always possible, however, to find ex-
Breuning. amples that have the seta, especially among
MATERIAL EXAMINED: Thirty-nine speci- the beetles from Albemarle Island. Middle
mens. tibiae of male with brush of red hair; anterior
Calosoma (Castrida) galapageium Hope tarsi of male with three segments dilated and
Figures 2, 14-19, 25, 62-74
having dense brush on ventral side; depres-
sion on dorsal side of second segment present;
Calosoma galapageium HOPE, 1837, p. 130. Type second segment of hind tarsi three times as
locality: Galapagos Islands. long as wide; punctation on tibiae and tarsi
Calosoma granatense GEHIN, 1885, p. 59. Type absent, except usual four rows of punctures
locality: South America (Colombia?).
Calosoma galapagoum? "Hope," LINELL, 1889, p. bearing setae on tibiae, whereas most of the
191. species of the subgenus Castrida have punc-
Calosoma howardi LINELL, 1899, p. 251. Type tate legs. Penis slender, in some specimens
locality: James Island, GalMpagos. very thin, with more or less pointed tip (figs.
Calosoma darwinia VAN DYKE, 1953, p. 10. Type 62-74). However, examples from Chatham,
locality: Villamil, Albemarle Island, Galipagos. Indefatigable, and Albemarle Islands have a
290 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 124
tion, but I think it does not warrant the also brown, with a bluish or purplish luster in
status of a species. Van Dyke thought that it the depressions and margin; it has no humeri,
had been derived from howardi stock and, an almost square metepisternum (fig. 18), and
being restricted to higher altitudes, was also consequently reduced wings, although they
isolated from howardi by seasonal occurrence, are slightly longer than those of the form
because it does not appear until late summer, from the summit of James Island. Also the
while howardi appears early in spring. penis of the type specimen has a short but
The dates of collection on the material that slightly stouter tip (fig. 74). I have not seen
I have examined cover most of the year. the type of galapageium, but Dr. Britton
Large series were gathered on Albemarle from the British Museum (Natural History)
Island at the end of March, the middle of examined it and kindly sent me the descrip-
April, and the end of August; on Charles and tion and drawings.
Indefatigable Islands in March; on Chatham In describing the type of galapagejum,
Island in October, January, and February; neither Hope (1837) nor Van Dyke (1953)
and on James Island in the beginning April.
of mentioned the genitalia or metepisternum,
I think it would be unreasonable to con- although Van Dyke said that the type has
sider darwinia a subspecies, because we must "much reduced humeri and as a result almost
then name all the other forms from every, or certainly even more reduced wings than
nearly every, island of the Galapagos, start- darwinia."
ing with the forms from Charles Island. Van Dyke compared the type of galapage-
The beetles from Charles Island are deep ium with the specimen collected on the sum-
black, with a navy blue luster, and the males mit of James Island, and he thought that the
are often as small as the smallest examples of type also originated from there because Dar-
darwinia. The penis is even more slender, win, who collected it, camped on James
with a long, thin tip, as in some extreme Island for several days.
examples from Albemarle Island (figs. 68- Linell's howardi, which was described from
70). The basal setae on the pronotum are the material collected by the "Albatross"
in
absent many specimens, and the metepi- expedition on different islands of the Galipa-
sternum is distinctly longer than wide (fig. gos, also inhabits the shores of James Island.
16). It has a longer metepisternum than does the
The forms from Chatham Island have type of galapageium and normal wings (fig.
almost completely lost the basal setae on the 19). However, as proved by Darlington
pronotum and the seta on the metatrochan- (1936), long- and short-winged individuals
ter. They have a bluish green luster, as in often occur together, irrespective of geo-
specimens from all other islands except graphical isolation.
Albemarle and Charles. The tip of the penis Breuning (1927) and Jeannel (1940) placed
is much thicker than that of males from the howardi as a synonym of galapageium. An-
above-mentioned islands, but in the slender drews, who compared the type of galapageium
forms it is the same as that of some stout with the cotype of howardi, also considered
forms from Albemarle Island (figs. 65, 66). them conspecific (Breuning, 1927). Yet Van
Examples from James Island do not differ Dyke (1953) was sure that howardi "is most
much from the specimens collected on Al- decidedly not a synonym of galapageium."
bemarle Island, except in color, which is With more material from the summit of
bluish, and in having a longer metepisternum. James Island, it may be possible to decide
But one specimen from the summit of the whether howardi is a subspecies of galapage-
island, which I have examined, is peculiar. It ium, which dwells in the interior of the island
has reduced wings, which are narrow and do and probably gradually diverged as a result
not exceed one-half of the length of the elytra, of isolation.
and a correspondingly shorter metepister- The forms from Indefatigable, South Sey-
num, without punctation (fig. 17); the humeri mour, Hood, and Tower Islands all have a
are more rounded; and the penis has a short, bluish green luster; they are neither deep blue
thin tip (fig. 72). This single specimen is very like the forms from Charles Island, nor green
much like the type of galapageium, which is like those from Albemarle. The males from
1963 GIDASPOW: CALOSOMA 293
TABLE 2
VARIATION IN CHARACTERS OF Calosoma (Castrida) galapageium HOPE ON THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS
Indefatigable and Hood Islands have a type of galapagejum and placed it as a syn-
stouter penis, although it is more slender than onym. Breuning, who possessed a specimen
that of some examples from Chatham Island from the west coast of South America, com-
(figs. 67, 71). pared it with the cotype of howardi and was
Most of the beetles fron Indefatigable and positive that they were identical.
South Seymour Islands have basal setae on MATERIAL EXAMINED: Two hundred and
the pronotum; those from Hood and Tower eighty-eight specimens.
Islands have not.
The variation in characters is presented Calosoma (Castrida) fulgens Chaudoir
in table 2. In spite of these differences, I Figures 3, 75, 76
believe that they represent only variations of
the same species, galapageium. The differ- Calosomafulgens CHAUDOIR, 1869, p. 370. Type
ences are not always distinct or constant, the locality: Paraguay.
characters often intergrade, and I have found DESCRIPTION: Reddish bronze, with green
examples that appear exactly similar, al- luster, some specimens brilliant green. Head
though they come from different islands. finely, moderately, densely punctate and
From other species of the same subgenus, wrinkled; last segment of maxillary palpi
galapageium is distinguished by the blue lus- shorter and only a little wider than preceding
ter and its smaller size. It often lacks the one; tooth of mentum small and pointed.
setae on the pronotum, especially the basal Pronotum twice as wide as long, with sides
ones, which other species of the subgenus slightly arcuate; lateral margin narrow and
Castrida, except rufipenne, possess. bearing basal and middle setae; hind angles
Gehin's granatense, according to Roeschke obtuse or pointed, in some specimens more
(1900), Breuning (1927), and Jeannel (1940), rounded, and hardly projecting beyond basal
is a synonym of galapageium. Roeschke com- line; disk wrinkled and finely punctate, more
pared granatense from the mainland with the so toward base.
294 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 124
:
BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
:~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~o
VOL. 124
Calosoma (Costrido) % 1 1 g
B alt ern a n s
FIG. 4. Distribution of Calosoma (Castrida) alternans Fabricius, and C. (Castrida) sayi Dejean.
1963 GIDASPOW: CALOSOMA 297
The forms from the central and southern shaped, furrow near tip of process rounded or
parts of South America, known under the oval, bearing two tiny setae (fig. 85).
name of granulatum, are definitely conspecific Length, 23-30 mm.; width, 10-12 mm.
with alternans (synonym coxale) and should Calosoma alternans is a polytypic species
be left as subspecies. with two subspecies: alternans alternans, in-
DESCRIPTION: Calosoma (Castrida) alter- habiting northern and northwestern South
nans is dark, with coppery bronze elytra, and America (Venezuela, Colombia, northern
often has green luster on the head, pronotum, Brazil, British Guiana) and Central America,
and elytral margin (subspecies granulatum). including southern Mexico, and the Lesser
Head finely wrinkled and moderately or more Antilles; and alternans granulatum, occupying
sparsely punctate, rugose near eyes; last seg- central and southern South America, except
ment of maxillary palpi a little shorter and the extreme south (Brazil, south of the river
not much wider than preceding one; tooth Amazon, Paraguay, Bolivia, Uruguay, and
of mentum short, pointed, and with pore Argentina).
punctures. This species is apparently well adapted to
Pronotum twice as wide as long; lateral humid climates. It inhabits regions with
margin narrow, with basal and middle setae; dense forests, such as the lowlands of the
hind angles pointed, small, almost obliter- states of Amazonas and Minas Geraes, but it
ated, not extending beyond basal line; disk is found also in the drier deciduous scrub
wrinkled, in some specimens also punctate, at forests with tropical and subtropical scrub
base and sides rugose. and thorns, such as Rio Grande do Norte in
Elytra oblong, with nearly parallel sides; Brazil and Santa Cruz in Bolivia, on the
margin near humeri normally serrated, rarely grass plains of Argentina, and on sugar-cane
even or with traces of serration; striae deep, plantations or other cultivated fields.
punctate, interstices convex and of unequal Apparently there is not much difference in
width, second, sixth, and tenth being much the habits of the two subspecies. Although
narrower than adjacent ones (in subspecies alternans alternans lives in northern South
alternans alternans fourth, eighth, and twelfth America, it occurs, as does alternans granula-
interstices also often narrower); punctures of tum, in the regions of evergreen forests, in the
adjacent striae connected by transverse, area of savanna where the grass is mixed with
arcuate lines, making elytra scaly; foveae bushes (Caracas Valley), on pastures (Mara-
large, golden, or coppery. cay), and on plantations (Caracas and
Ventral side dark brown, in some speci- Georgetown).
mens with green luster (mostly in subspecies The species alternans and sayi undoubtedly
granulatum); proepisternum smooth or finely originate from the same stock. The most dis-
wrinkled; mesepisternum, metepisternum, tinct difference between them is in the width
and first abdominal segment with large, of the elytral interstices, the second, sixth,
sparse punctures, second and third segments and tenth being much narrower than the
with smaller punctures, following ones finely adjacent ones in alternans and only slightly
punctate on sides or entirely; metatrochanter narrower, or are of equal width, in sayi. Only
without setae, in male strongly arcuate and the tenth elytral interstice of sayi is normally
pointed on tip, in female straight and slightly distinctly narrower than the adjacent inter-
pointed (figs. 43, 44); middle tibiae in both stice. The elytral margin in alternans is, in
sexes distinctly arcuate and in male with most specimens, serrated near the humeri,
small patch of red hair; second segment of and is not, or barely so, serrated in sayi. The
hind tarsi almost three times as long as wide; hind angles of the pronotum are in most in-
anterior tarsi of male with three segments stances more pointed in alternans. The ante-
dilated and bearing dense brush on ventral rior tarsi of males of alternans are more dilated,
side; second segment with depression on dor- and all three segments have a dense brush on
sal side. Penis slender, with thin, straight tip, the ventral side, while in sayi only two seg-
inner armature ending in long hook, as in sayi ments have a brush, and the first one is partly
(fig. 77); female genitalia like those of sayi, glabrous. In some males of sayi all three seg-
but leaf-like process somewhat less spoon- ments are glabrous on the ventral side, as
298 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 124
"I,
o
0
14
0 Calosoma sayi
they normally are in females. However, in Yet this character is not constant; it almost
large series of alternans I have seen a few disappears in the forms from Colombia but
specimens with the first segment partly or is more distinct in specimens from Venezuela.
entirely glabrous. At the same time the subspecies granulatum
from Pernambuco, Brazil, has the same form
Calosoma (Castrida) alternans alternans of pronotum as does alternans from Ven-
Fabricius ezuela.
Carabus alternans FABRICIUS, 1792, p. 146. Type DISTRIBUTION: The subspecies alternans
locality: "American Islands." alternans inhabits northern South America
Callistriga coxale MOTSCHULSKY, 1865, p. 307; and the Lesser Antilles and occurs as far
new name for Calosoma armatum Reiche, 1842, p. north as southern Mexico.
377, preoccupied by armatum Castelnau (1835), RECORDS (FIG. 6): Mexico: Cordoba. Pan-
a synonym of sayi Dejean. Type locality: Vene-
ama: Chiriqui. Colombia: La Garita. Ven-
zuela.
ezuela: Distrito Federal: Caracas Valley;
The notable difference between the two Turmero. Carabobo: Las Trincheras; Mara-
subspecies alternans and granulatum is the cay. Falcon: Paraiso. Bolivar. Bermudes:
dustier color of alternans, which lacks the Caripito. El Valle on Isla Margarita (Nueva
brilliancy and green luster of granulatum. In Esparta). San Fernando de Apure on Apure
addition, the elytral interstices of alternans, River. La Vuelta (not found on the map).
which bear foveae, are narrower than the British Guiana: Georgetown; Upper Rupu-
adjacent ones. However, in many specimens nuni. Brazil: Santarem? Lesser Antilles: St.
from Venezuela these interstices are of the Croix; St. Barthelemy; Dominica; Marti-
same width, as usual in the subspecies granu- nique; Trinidad. According to Breuning
latum. The pronotum in alternans is a little (1927), the species occurs also in Ecuador and
smaller and has more pointed side angles. Peru, but I have seen no material to confirm
1963 GIDASPOW: CALOSOMA 299
.2Li93
9 10
13
14 15 16 19
16 17
20 21 22 23
FIGS. 8-11. Dorsal views. 8. Calosoma (Microcalosoma) linelli Mutchler. 9-11. Head, pro-
notum, and part of elytra. 9. Calosoma (Castrida) trapezipenne Chaudoir. 10. C. (Castrida)
retusum Fabricius. 11. C. (Castrida) argentinense Csiki.
FIGS. 12-21. Metepisterna, ventral views. 14-19. Left metepisterna. 12, 13, 20, 21. Right
metepisterna. 12. Calosoma (Microcalosoma) linelli Mutchler. 13. C. (Castrida) trapezipenne
Chaudoir. 14-19. Calosoma (Castrida) galapageium Hope. 14. From Albemarle Island, Villamil.
15. From Albemarle Island, Banks Bay. 16. From Charles Island. 17. From James Island,
summit. 18. Type of galapageium Hope. 19. From James Island, shore. 20. C. (Castrida)
alternans granulatum Perty. 21. C. (Castrida) argentinense Csiki.
FIGS. 22, 23. Mandibles, dorsal view. 22. Calosoma (Castrida) trapezipenne Chaudoir. 23.
C. (Castrida) abbreviatum Chaudoir.
U
24 25
26 27 28 29
r
s
E
]
x
013 y
30 31 32ii q 1t 35
33 34
2 (7... (f
.ZJZ2D
36 37 38 39 40 41
42 43 44 45 46 47 48
54 55
49 50 51 52 53
FIGS. 24-30. Prosternal process, ventral view. 24. Calosoma (Castrida) trapezi-
penne Chaudoir. 25. C. (Castrida) galapageium Hope. 26. C. (Castrida) retusum
Fabricius. 27. C. (Castrida) alternans Fabricius (from South America). 28. C.
(Castrida) sayi Dejean (from the Greater Antilles). 29. C. (Castrida) argentinense
Csiki. 30. C. (Castrida) vagans Dejean.
FIGS. 31-35. Hind tarsi. 31, 32, 35. First and second segments. 33, 34. All five
segments. 31. Calosoma (Castrida) rufipenne Dejean. 32. C. (Castrida) sayi Dejean.
33. C. (Microcalosoma) linelli Mutchler. 34. C. (Castrida) vagans Dejean. 35.
C. (Castrida) retusum Fabricius.
FIGS. 36-39. Palpi maxillary. 36. Calosoma (Microcalosoma) linelli Mutchler.
37. C. (Castrida) rufipenne Dejean. 38. C. (Castrida) vagans Dejean. 39. C. (Castri-
da) sayi Dejean.
FIGS. 40-52. Metatrochanter, ventral view. 40, 41. Calosoma (Castrida) trapezi-
penne Chaudoir. 40. Male. 41. Female. 42. C. (Castrida) vagans Dejean, male.
43, 44. C. (Castrida) alternans Fabricius. 43. Male. 44. Female, 45, 46. C. (Castrida)
argentinense Csiki. 45. Male. 46. Female. 47, 48. C. (Castrida) retusum Fabricius.
47. Male. 48. Female. 49-52. C. (Castrida) abbreviatum Chaudoir. 49-51. Males.
52. Female.
FIGS. 53-55. Calosoma (Castrida) trapezipenne Chaudoir. 53. Mentum and tooth
of mentum. 54, 55. Individual variations of tooth of mentum.
1963 GIDASPOW: CALOSOMA 309
56 57 59 60
58
62 63 64
61
67 68
65 66
69 70 71
72
-t'2
73 74 75 .76 77
FIGS. 56-77. Male genitalia with inner armature exposed. 58, 60, 76. Inner armature, side
views. 56. Calosoma (Camedula) glabratum Dejean. 57, 58. C. (Microcalosoma) linelli Mutchler.
59, 60. C. (Castrida) trapezipenne Chaudoir. 61. C. (Castrida) rufipenne Dejean. 62-74. C. (Cas-
trida) galapageium Hope. 62. From Albemarle Island, Banks Bay. 63, 64. From Albemarle Island,
Villamil. 65, 66. From Chatham Island. 67. From Indefatigable Island. 68, 69, 70. From Charles
Island. 71. From Hood Island. 72, 73. From James Island. 72. From summit of island. 73. From
shore. 74. Type of galapageium Hope. 75, 76. C. (Castrida) fulgens Chaudoir. 77. C. (Castrida)
sayi Dejean (from the Greater Antilles).
310 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 124
78 79
's~~ '
80 81
81
82 83
M%lML
a i
v
... I. . zI I
t',I:. (I
.....A.
.,." (Is
1, .,% Ai .: I
(
..\,.. 41 C.
'Z.o
84 85 86
87 88
FIGS. 78-83. Male genitalia, with inner armature exposed. 79, 81. Inner armature,
side views. 78, 79. Calosoma (Castrida) retusum Fabricius. 80, 81. C. (Castrida) vagans
Dejean. 82. C. (Castrida) abbreviatum Chaudoir. 83. C. (Castrida) argentinense Csiki.
FIGS. 84-88. Female genitalia, ventral views. 84. Calosoma (Microcalosoma) linelli
Mutchler. 85. C. (Castrida) alternans granulatum Perty. 86. C. (Castrida) trapezipenne
Chaudoir. 87. C. (Castrida) rufipenne Dejean. 88. C. (Castrida) retusum Fabricius.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BAER, GUSTAVE A. DEJEAN, PIERRE FRAN OIS MARIE AUGUSTE
1902. Observations sur quelques calosomes du 1826. Species general des col6opteres de la col-
Perou (Col.). Bull. Soc. Ent. France, lection de M. le Comte Dejean. Paris,
pp. 83-85. vol. 2, pp. 1-502.
BATES, HENRY W. 1831. [Same title.] Paris, vol. 5, pp. 1-883.
1881-1884. Biologia Centrali-Americana, In- FABRICIUS, JOHANN
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