PROCEDURE REFERENCE REV ESKPVAAC2 4 DATE: JULY 2002 PAGE OF 1 REVISION DATE: JULY 2005 COMPILED BY FUNCTIONAL RESP.

AUTHORIZED BY

TITLE:

STANDARD PROCEDURE AND TERMINOLOGY FOR THE ISSUING OF OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

16

................................. T.F. Sadler

........................... A.C. Paterson Chairman Eskom ORHVS National Committee DATE:.......................

................................. E.L.Johnson GM (System Operations) DATE:.......................

DATE:.......................

This document has been seen and accepted by: Name

N.M. Bailey

Designation
Manager DX Technology

STANDARD PROCEDURE AND TERMINOLOGY FOR THE ISSUING OF OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

CONTENTS Foreword

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1 Scope ................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Applicability.................................................................................................................... 4 2 Normative references........................................................................................................... 4 3 Definitions ............................................................................................................................ 4 4 Procedure............................................................................................................................. 5 4.1 Communications sequence between control centre and field staff................................ 5 4.2 Control logs and operating instruction forms ................................................................. 5 4.3 Requirements before operating instructions can be issued ........................................... 5 4.4 Operating sequence ...................................................................................................... 5 4.5 Instruction sequence when making H.V. apparatus safe to work on .............................. 5 4.5.1 Taking a line breaker out for maintenance (alive back)............................................ 6 4.5.2 Returning a line breaker to service after maintenance (alive back)......................... 6 4.5.3 Taking a line and breaker out for maintenance (dead back) ................................... 6 4.5.4 Returning a line and breaker to service after maintenance (dead back) ................. 7 4.5.5 Taking an interconnected power system (IPS) line out for maintenance ................ 8 4.5.6 Returning an interconnected power system (IPS) line to service after maintenance ...................................................................................................................... 8 4.5.7 Taking a transformer panel out for maintenance..................................................... 9 4.5.8 Returning a transformer panel to service after maintenance................................. 10 4.5.9 Taking an interconnected power system transformer panel out of service ........... 10 4.5.10 Taking a busbar coupler breaker, busbar section breaker/isolator or section of busbar out of service for maintenance ............................................................ 10 4.5.11 Returning a busbar coupler breaker, busbar section breaker/isolator or section of busbar to service............................................................................................. 11

STANDARD PROCEDURE AND TERMINOLOGY FOR THE ISSUING OF OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

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4.6 Requirements for handing over and handing back apparatus .................................... 12 4.7 Control functions after handovers ................................................................................ 12 4.8 Ring Main Units, T-Switches etc. (all ground mounted isolators) ................................ 13 Annex A.................................................................................................................................. 14 Block diagram model of instructions from controllers ......................................................... 14 BLOCK DIAGRAM MODEL OF INSTRUCTIONS FROM CONTROLLERS .......................... 16

STANDARD PROCEDURE AND TERMINOLOGY FOR THE ISSUING OF OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

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Foreword
A total review of this standard became necessary.

1 Scope
1.1 Purpose
To standardise operating and communication terminology for the issuing of instructions to Transmission and Distribution.

1.2 Applicability
This document sets out a procedure for controllers and field staff in the use of the correct equipment, operating and communication terms when operating H.V. apparatus in Transmission, Distribution and Reticulation systems.

Normative references

The following documents contain provisions that, through reference in the text, constitute requirements of this specification. At the time of publication the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision and parties to purchasing agreements based on this specification are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards listed below. Information on currently valid national and international standards may be obtained from the Information Centre at Megawatt Park and Technology Standardisation Department. ESKASAAN0 Rev 0, Standard for the labelling of High Voltage equipment ESKARAAG 4 Rev 6, Operating Regulations for High Voltage Systems OP2 Rev.2, National Control TOC Interface for IPS Operating Purposes ESKPVAAZ7 Rev 0, Code of Practice for the Earthing Gear on High Voltage Systems

Definitions

Operating terminology used between control centres and between Control and field staff. The following equipment definitions do not appear in the Operating Regulations for HighVoltage Systems (ORHVS) and shall be used throughout Eskom. 3.1 air break switch: A tripping/isolating device that can break limited load current 3.2 bus coupler: An apparatus used for connecting two sets of busbars. 3.3 bus section breaker: An apparatus used for connecting two sections of the same busbar. 3.4 bus section isolator: An apparatus used for connecting/disconnecting two sections of the same busbar under no load conditions. 3.14 voltage regulator: Device used for Auto voltage control at a pre-set voltage.

STANDARD PROCEDURE AND TERMINOLOGY FOR THE ISSUING OF OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 4 Procedure

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4.1 Communications sequence between control centre and field staff

Annexure A sets out a communication model which shall apply between Control and field staff when instructions are issued to and from control.

4.2 Operating instruction forms

Operating instruction forms shall be in accordance with the examples specified in the ORHVS and these shall be the minimum requirements. In the case where electronic operating is used, only the printed schedule will be accepted which corresponds with the schedule of the control officer. This schedule must comply with the ORHVS with regards to instruction time, completed time, signature and it must be ticked off on completion.

4.3 Requirements before operating instructions can be issued

4.3.1 When an outage is requested by field staff the scope of work and number of earths required shall be discussed in detail before any instructions are issued. This is necessary to eliminate any misunderstanding or confusion. 4.3.2 Operating instructions shall be issued in English as a uniform operating language. 4.3.3 When taking a transformer out and when returning it to service the authorised person shall ensure that the substation auxiliaries and AVR controls are correctly selected as per site specific procedure. 4.3.4 For voltage regulators the authorised person must ensure that the tap changer is in the neutral/mid tap position and manual position before bypassing.

4.4 Operating sequence

Instructions shall be issued in the following sequence: 4.4.1 Switching, linking, safety testing and earthing 4.4.2 Where a supervisory facility is available the controller should preferably perform the switching via the SCADA system (workload permitting) to prove that the supervisory facility is operational. Refer OP2 Rev 2. 4.4 Instruction sequence when making H.V. apparatus safe to work on GENERAL NOTES NOTE - Auto Reclose switching differs between protection schemes. The breaker reclose function must be made inoperable (switched off auto reclose) as per site specific procedure. NOTE - Supervisory switching will differ from station to station when operating is performed. i.e. at some stations the supervisory will be switched OFF before any operating is performed and at other stations it will be switched OFF after operating has been completed depending whether operating is done via remote, manually or MMI.
NOTE - If a station does not have Auto VT selection the VT selection must be performed manually when a busbar is taken out of service. (Some areas it is a Control instruction)

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NOTE Where a substation is equipped with an under-frequency facility the selector switch must be selected to the busbar remaining in service if the other busbar is taken out for maintenance. NOTE The racking in and out of truck type voltage transformers will only be carried out under dead conditions. NOTE All motorised isolators that are used as isolation points shall be made inoperable by disabling the supply to the motors.

4.5.1 Taking a line breaker out for maintenance (alive back)

STEP 1 Switch off Supervisory (where available). Refer note on supervisory switching Switch off Auto Reclose (where applicable). Refer note on ARC switching. Open breaker (specify voltage). Check breaker to be open (specify voltage). Open line isolator (specify voltage). Open busbar isolator (specify voltage). Safety test: Earth Busbar side of breaker (specify voltage) Earth Line side of breaker (specify voltage) Specify number of earths. Obtain handover from Control.

4.5.2 Returning a line breaker to service after maintenance (alive back)

STEP 1 Hand back to Control clear of workmen and equipment. Remove earths from: Busbar side of breaker (specify voltage). Line side of breaker (specify voltage). Specify number of earths Check breaker to be open (specify voltage). Close busbar isolator (specify voltage). Close line isolator (specify voltage). Close breaker (specify voltage). Switch on Auto Reclose (where applicable) Refer note on ARC switching. Switch on Supervisory. Refer note on supervisory switching. Verify with Control that all alarms are clear.

4.5.3 Taking a line and breaker out for maintenance (dead back)
NOTE Operating instructions are issued in separate steps because two or more authorised persons are involved. Control Centres will co-ordinate operating in conjunction with each other.

STEP 1 Switch off Supervisory (where applicable). Refer note on supervisory switching. Switch off Auto Reclose (where applicable) Refer note on ARC switching. Open breaker (specify voltage) Can be done by Remote from Control if available. (Supervisory shall be on for remote switching). Check breaker to be open. (specify voltage). Open line isolator (specify voltage). Open busbar isolator (specify voltage).

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NOTE: The busbar isolator can be left in the closed position if work is to be done on the line only. Earthing in STEP 3 to be on the line only.

STEP 2 Control Centres confirm status with each other. Control Centres agree on number and position of required earths. STEP 3 Safety test: Earth Busbar side of breaker (specify voltage). Earth Line side of breaker (specify voltage). Earth On the line (specify voltage). Specify number of earths. STEP 4 Control Centres hand over the line to each other. Control Centre hands over the line to various authorised persons to apply and remove working earths. Refer 4.6.1 re handing over of apparatus.

4.5.4 Returning a line and breaker to service after maintenance (dead back)
STEP 1 Authorised person hand back to Control. Control Centres hand back to each other and co-ordinate removal of earths. STEP 2 Remove earths from: Busbar side of breaker (specify voltage) Line side of breaker (specify voltage) From the line (specify voltage) Specify number of earths. STEP 3 Control Centres confirm removal of earths with each other and agree on linking. STEP 4 Check breaker to be open. (specify voltage). Close busbar isolator (specify voltage). Close line isolator (specify voltage). . STEP 5 Control Centres confirm status and agree on closing and switching of Auto Reclose and Supervisory. STEP 6 Close breaker (specify voltage).

STANDARD PROCEDURE AND TERMINOLOGY FOR THE ISSUING OF OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

STEP 7

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Switch on Auto Reclose (where applicable) Refer note on ARC switching. Switch Supervisory ON. Refer note on supervisory switching. STEP 8 Verify with Control that all alarms are clear.

4.5.5 Taking an interconnected power system (IPS) line out for maintenance
NOTE Outage is sanctioned by National Control and operating instructions will be issued in separate steps as indicated below: (This normally involves two Control Centres who will issue the isolation and earthing instructions in conjunction with each other.) Refer to OP2 Rev 2.

STEP 1 Authorised persons contact relevant Control Centres to commence with the requested outage. STEP 2 Control Centres contact National Control individually requesting permission to take line out. STEP 3 National Control assesses the situation, checks voltage and loading and switches out the line at both ends (if required) via Supervisory and applies a tag to the breakers. National Control hands out the line to each control Centre to issue the necessary operating instructions and on completion hand back to National Control. STEP 4 Control Centres contact each other and co-ordinate the switching OFF of the Supervisory and Auto Reclose and proceed with the isolation of line and busbar isolators. (Refer note on ARC switching). Control Centres issue instructions to individual authorised persons. STEP 5 Control Centres notify each other that isolations are complete and co-ordinate application of earths. STEP 6 Control Centres issues earthing instructions. STEP 7 Control Centres hand out the line to each other. Each Control Centre can now hand out the line or panel to the various authorised persons. Refer 4.6.1 re handing over of apparatus.

4.5.6 Returning an interconnected power system (IPS) line to service after maintenance
NOTE Refer to OP2 Rev 2.

STANDARD PROCEDURE AND TERMINOLOGY FOR THE ISSUING OF OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

STEP 1 Authorised persons hand line or panel back to Control. STEP 2

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Control Centres hand line back to each other and co-ordinate removal of earths. STEP 3 Control Centre issues instructions to remove earths to authorised person. STEP 4 Control Centres contact National Control individually to hand back the line STEP 5 National Control will sanction busbar selection and switching ON of Supervisory to Control Centres. STEP 6 Control Centre issues instructions to close busbar and line isolators and switching on of Supervisory to authorised persons. STEP 7 Control Centres report back to National Control STEP 8 National Control closes breakers at both ends via the SCADA System and requests Auto Reclose to be switched ON. Refer note ARC switching.
NOTE: Authorised person must remain on site to verify all remote switching.

STEP 9 Control Centres notify National Control.

4.5.7 Taking a transformer panel out for maintenance

If the H V busbar links are connected to an IPS busbar, sanction from National Control shall be obtained before it can be isolated. STEP 1 Switch off Supervisory. Refer note supervisory switching. Open auxiliary supply (where applicable) Refer 4.3.6 above. Open tertiary breaker (where applicable)(specify voltage). Open secondary breaker (specify voltage). Open primary breaker (specify voltage). Check breakers to be open (specify voltage). Test transformer to be dead Open primary busbar isolator (specify voltage).

STANDARD PROCEDURE AND TERMINOLOGY FOR THE ISSUING OF OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

Open secondary busbar isolator (specify voltage). Open tertiary/aux. Trfr isolator (where applicable)(specify voltage). STEP 2 Safety test and earth on:

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For work on trfr. and breakers: Primary, secondary and tertiary windings of transformer as specified in the ORHVS and on the busbar side of the primary and secondary breakers. (specify voltages). For work on trfr only: Primary, secondary and tertiary side of trfr (specify voltages). For work on a breaker only: Busbar side and trfr side of breaker (specify voltage). Control shall hand over the apparatus
NOTE: Fully isolate the panel and only earth the apparatus to be worked on. The hand out shall be for that apparatus only.

4.5.8 Returning a transformer panel to service after maintenance

Authorised person hands back the panel clear of workmen and equipment and fit for service. If the primary busbar links are connected to an IPS busbar, sanction shall be obtained from National Control before it can be linked up. STEP1 Control issues instructions for the removal of earths. STEP 2 Check breakers to be open (specify voltage). Close tertiary/aux. Trfr isolator (where applicable)(specify voltage). Refer to 4.3.6 above. Close primary busbar isolator (specify voltage). Close secondary busbar isolator (specify voltage). Close primary breaker (specify voltage). Close secondary breaker (specify voltage). Close tertiary breaker (where applicable)(specify voltage). Close auxiliary supply (where applicable). Switch supervisory ON. Refer note on supervisory switching.

4.5.9 Taking an interconnected power system transformer panel out of service

Refer to OP 2 Rev 2. The operating sequence shall be the same as for a demarcated transformer. (Taking out and returning to service).

4.5.10 Taking a busbar coupler breaker, busbar section breaker/isolator or section of busbar out of service for maintenance
Refer note on Manual V.T. selection.
NOTE Some Stations have Automatic O/C & E/F protection schemes.

4.5.10.1 When changing over busbars from one to the other, start from one end of the busbar, proceed down the busbar closing all necessary isolators and thereafter proceed up the parallel busbar opening all necessary isolators.

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4.5.10.2 When changing over busbars without a bus coupler the dead busbar must be proved via a line or transformer breaker where possible. 4.5.10.3 The method of closing and opening each panel in turn is only used in special circumstances where the possibility of paralleling two zones through isolators exists. This method shall not be used where a bus coupler is not available. STEP 1 On the Bus Coupler breaker make sure that it is of O/C and E/F protection. (Where applicable) Link over all the relevant panels from one busbar to the other. STEP 2 Switch OFF supervisory. Refer note on supervisory switching. Open the Bus Section breaker (specify voltage). Check breaker to be open (specify voltage). Check Bus Coupler to be floating. Switch OFF supervisory. Refer note on supervisory switching. Open Bus Coupler breaker (specify voltage). Check breaker to be open (specify voltage). On Bus Coupler: Open Bus Coupler Busbar 1 isolator (specify voltage). Open Bus Coupler Busbar 2 isolator (specify voltage) On Bus Section: Open relevant busbar isolators (specify voltage). STEP 3 Safety test: On the Bus Coupler Earth Busbar 1 side of breaker. Earth Busbar 2 side of breaker. On the Bus Section breaker Earth Busbar 1 side of breaker/isolator. Earth busbar 2 side of breaker/isolator. On the Busbar Earth on the busbar. Specify number of earths. STEP 5 Control hands over apparatus to be worked on only. Refer 4.6.1 re handing over of apparatus.

4.5.11 Returning a busbar coupler breaker, breaker/isolator or section of busbar to service.

NOTE Some Stations have Automatic O/C & E/F protection schemes.

busbar

section

STEP 1 Hand back apparatus to Control. STEP 2 Remove all earths.

STANDARD PROCEDURE AND TERMINOLOGY FOR THE ISSUING OF OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

STEP 3

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On Bus Coupler: Check breaker to be open (specify voltage). Close Bus Coupler busbar 1 isolator (specify voltage). Close Bus Coupler busbar 2 isolator (specify voltage). Switch on O/C and E/F protection (where applicable) Close Busbar Coupler breaker (specify voltage) Switch off O/C and E/F protection Ensure busbar alive. Switch ON supervisory. Refer note on supervisory switching. On Bus Section: Check breaker to be open (specify voltage). Close relevant busbar isolators of the bus section breaker (specify voltage). Close Busbar Section breaker (specify voltage). Check breaker to be closed Switch ON supervisory. Refer note on supervisory switching. STEP 4 Link over the required panels.

4.6 Requirements for handing over and handing back apparatus

4.6.1 After apparatus has been earthed in accordance with the ORHVS, it shall be handed over to the authorised person. The authorised person shall be responsible for safety testing and for the application and removal of working earths when and where necessary on lines only. The Authorised Person shall write out the handover/handback on an operating instruction form together with the time handed over and time handed back on completion of work. All normal open points that are excluded shall, where applicable, be recorded as part of the handover. 4.6.2 After a line has been open, isolated and earthed in accordance with the ORHVS between two Control Centres, an Inter-Control handover shall take place. In other words the Controls shall hand over the line to each other for safety purposes irrespective of whether the Control Centre has work to be done or not. This is also applicable when working with customers that have recognised Control Centres.

4.7 Control functions after handover

4.7.1 The hand out to and from whom shall be recorded in the Control Operating Log. 4.7.2 The operating diagram shall be dressed with the appropriate handover labels. (i.e. Inter-Control or Authorised persons name) 4.7.3 The symbols used for dressing the operating diagram shall depend on local requirements. 4.7.4 When lines have been handed out between Control Centres i.e. Inter-Control handover the lines shall only be handed back when it is ready to be made alive and not when work is completed i.e. all authorised persons have to hand back first.

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4.8 Ring Main Units, T-Switches etc. (all ground mounted isolators)
When sectionalising during fault finding this equipment shall not be opened or closed unless the equipment is approved / maintained for live switching.

STANDARD PROCEDURE AND TERMINOLOGY FOR THE ISSUING OF OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Annex A (informative)

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Block diagram model of instructions from controllers

This block diagram is a proposal on how the communication between Control and the field staff should be applied. Refer to block diagram model. The following notes apply to the individual blocks: a) Persons ID, Initials, Surname and Unique No. This is the start of the conversation when the Authorised person contacts Control. Normally each Control Centre will recognise the Authorised Person by his voice. However as operators in the field change, so do Controllers. If Control does not recognise the Authorised Person he will enquire to get more clarity. The Authorised Person may reply that it is Koos Snyman at Everest. If there is more than one Koos Snyman and the Controller would like to verify whether the persons authorisation is still valid or at what level he is authorised, it is then necessary that the Authorised Person must give his initials and/or Unique No.
NOTE It is not necessary to give your ID, or Initials every time, but if you can say it is Koos Snyman it will speed up the identification.

b) Substation ID, Panel ID and Voltage concerned In this phase the operator specifies at which station he is, what equipment he would like to operate on as well as the voltage level of the apparatus. Controller has to verify whether he has a booking. c) Scope of work discussion The Authorised Person states what isolation and work is involved on the apparatus identified in block B or refers to the electronic operating schedule. Please note, state all work to be carried out as it will help the Controller ascertain what isolation and quantity of earths are involved. d) System contingency planning After the request for a specific outage the Controller must verify that a pre-arranged booking has been made. The booking must specify all risks and hazards associated with the outage. The Controller must then assess the status of the substation and the power system to ascertain whether security linking is necessary. If security linking is required it will take preference over any other operating. e) National /Transmission Control or Inter/Distributor or Distributor Control If, for example, an inter-distributor or IPS line is requested for isolation, the Controller shall confirm with the other Control Centre first to verify the viability of the outage and obtain permission from National Control if it involves an IPS line. f) Instruction

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After the necessary discussions and permission request have been completed, the actual instruction will follow. On electronic operating, only the steps agreed upon on the schedule will be instructed. The detailed instructions are discussed under Requirements to make H.V. apparatus safe to work on in the ORHVS. However the correct way to communicate the instruction from a Control point of view is the dotted line indicated on the diagram. The conversation will then be as follows: Control to Authorised Person: Koos Snyman, at Everest, Transformer 2. This will prevent the operator being referred to as just a number. (i.e. Snyman, at Everest). This will also eliminate guessing which Koos or Piet is talking in the event of an error investigation. The Authorised Person will address the Controllers as Control throughout the period when instructions are issued. g) Repeat instruction After the operator has received his instructions he must repeat them back to the controller so that the controllers can verify whether the operator received the correct instruction. An instruction time is then issued. On electronic operating, only the steps agreed upon must be instructed. h) Actual operating The operator physically carries out the operation that was issued to him, in accordance with Eskom's ORHVS. A completion time is then recorded on the Operating Instruction Form. i) Report back On completion of the operation the operator shall report back the full instruction to the controller. A reported time is then issued. If further operating is required points f to j will be repeated. j) Handing over of apparatus After all isolations and earthing are complete the controller will hand over the apparatus to the authorised person. Handover is an instruction and must be written out in full by the Authorised Person on an Operating Instruction Form together with the handing over and handing back times. k) Control functions Control shall update his operating diagram according to the changed status of the network apparatus/lines and record the Authorised Person name against the relevant apparatus that has been handed over. Also record a reference number if applicable. l) National / Transmission Control or Inter-Distributor Control On completion of the necessary operating an inter-control handover will take place, thereafter apparatus will be handed out to the relevant authorised persons.

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BLOCK DIAGRAM MODEL OF INSTRUCTIONS FROM CONTROLLERS

C
Scope of Work

B
Substation ID Plant Voltage Concerned

A
Person ID Initials and Surname Unique Number

START

I
Report Back

H
Actual Operating

G
Repeat Instruction

J
Hand over of apparatus

K
Control Functions

L
National / Transmission Control Inter- Distributor Control

FINISH

E D
System Contingency Pl i National / Transmission Control Inter- Distributor Control Distributor Control

F
Instruction