1he lmpllcaLlon of Lcommerce

CPA1L8 l
1he roblem and lLs SeLLlng
lnLroducLlon

















ueflnlLlon of 1erms
1he Lerms are deflned operaLlonally
CC1vs
Consensual halluclnaLlon
Cyberspace
Cyber sLalklng
Parass
l address
Cnllne daLlng slLes
aranola
erpeLraLors
1rauma













Slgnlflcance of Lhe SLudy
1hls sLudy ls beneflclal Lo some people
1o Lhe enLlre users Lo engage Lhem Lo a more producLlve Lhlng Lhan spendlng long hours ln Lhe lnLerneL
and Lo be gulded ln uslng Lechnologles
1o l1 speclallsL Lo creaLe sofLware LhaL wlll deLecL bullles
1o Law makers Lo lmpose laws abouL cyber bullylng
1o parenLs Lo gulde Lhelr chlldren ln uslng Lechnologles
1o fuLure researchers lL wlll serve as a relaLed sLudy Lo Lhelr chosen Loplcs


















SLaLemenL of Lhe roblem
1he sLudy enLlLled Cyber bullylng 1he lasLesL Crowlng 1rend ln 1echnology" alms Lo provlde
knowledge and lnformaLlon regardlng Lo lLs proper use and mlsuse of Lechnology
lL also requlred answers Lo Lhe followlng quesLlons
1 WhaL ls Cyber 8ullylng
WhaL are Lhe effecLs of Cyber 8ullylng
3 WhaL are posslble soluLlons Lo solve cyber bullylng




















Scope and uellmlLaLlon
1hls paper ls concepLuallzed Lo shed llghL upon Lhe revoluLlonlzed way by whlch sLalklng and
bullylng ls carrled ouL ln varlous soclopollLlcal conLexL lL ls hoped LhaL Lhe concepL of cyber sLalklng and
cyber bullylng be glven an exLenslve deflnlLlon and be conLexLuallzed ln Lhe hlllpplne seLLlng lL ls also
hoped LhaL effecLs from Lhe mlcrolevel and macrolevel of undersLandlng be relayed wlLh Lhe end vlew
of [usLlfylng Lhe harshness and severlLy of Lhe damage and ln[ury such acLs cause 1hls paper wlll also
aLLempL Lo lay Lhe legal grounds by whlch cyber sLalklng and cyber bullylng leglslaLlon wlll be based and
wlll lnvolve analysls of Lhe currenL appllcable laws on Lhe sub[ecL maLLer lncludlng an analysls on Lhe
sufflclency and lnsufflclency of Lhe laws avallable deslgned Lo prevenL Lhe pracLlce of such acLs and
recommend lf appllcable for furLher enacLmenLs of laws punlshlng such acLs lf lL wlll appear LhaL
avallable laws are lnsufflclenL Lo encompass Lhe same




























CPA1L8 ll
8esearch MeLhodology
This research was conducted in order to determine the effects of Cyber bullying.
Research Design
The descriptive method of research was used for this study. To define the descriptive
type of research, Creswell (1994) stated that the descriptive method of research is to gather
information about the present existing condition. The emphasis is on describing rather than on
judging or interpreting. The aim of descriptive research is to verify formulated hypotheses that
refer to the present situation in order to elucidate it. The descriptive approach is quick and
practical in terms of the financial aspect. Moreover, this method allows a flexible approach,
thus, when important new issues and questions arise during the duration of the study, further
investigation may be conducted.
Descriptive research on the other hand is a type of research that is mainly concerned
with describing the nature or condition and the degree in detail of the present situation. This
method is used to describe the nature of a situation, as it exists at the time of the study and to
explore the cause/s of particular a phenomenon. The aim of descriptive research is to obtain an
accurate profile of the people, events or situations. With this research type, it is essential that
the researcher already has a clear view or picture of the phenomena being investigated before
the data collection procedure is carried out. The researcher used this kind of research to obtain
first hand data from the respondents so as to formulate rational and sound conclusions and
recommendations for the study. The descriptive approach is quick and practical in terms of the
financial aspect.









Chapter
Presentation, nterpretation and Analysis of Data
Cyber Bullying
Cyberbullying is being cruel to others by sending or posting harmful material or engaging
in other forms of social cruelty using the nternet or other digital technologies. t has various
forms, including direct harassment and indirect activities that are intended to damage the
reputation or interfere with the relationships of the student targeted, such as posting harmful
material, impersonating the person, disseminating personal information or images, or activities
that result in exclusion.
Cyber bullying is a relatively new and pervasive form of bullying that is rapidly effecting
today's youth. This essay will demonstrate the main effects cyber bullying has on adolescents.
n doing so this essay will firstly define and outline cyber bullying; secondly, clearly state the
main effects associated this form of bullying; and finally, detail the two main social networks
used in cyber bullying: MySpace and mobile phones. t will be concluded that cyber bullying
effects not only the physical but also emotional aspects of a person, with sometimes extreme
outcomes. The social networks used by today's youth are very firmly embedded as a part of
day-to-day life, therefore, it is considered punishment, to the victim, to ban usage of such
networks in order to prevent bullying.
Cyber bullying is said to be one of the most prominent issues facing today's youth. This
new form of bullying is a 24 hour occurrence that often goes undetected by parents. "Cyber
bullying describes bullying using mobile phones and the internet (Smith et al., 2008: 376) to
humiliate, threaten and tease other persons. While fundamentally the concept is the same as
traditional bullying, there are some different characteristics (Smith et al., 2008: 376) that
highlight this form of bullying as something new and of high importance. Cyber bullying is a
result of this new communication era that has emerged with the invention of the internet and
mobile phones. Both means of communication have existed for quite some time, however, it is
this "always-on generation (McKenna, 2007: 26) that has catapulted cyber bullying into society.
Today's bullies in cyber space still use gossip as their main form of ammunition against their
victims, be it in the form of text message or internet chat rooms. Even though such bullies
maintain traditional weapons of bullying, the characteristics that differentiate play-ground bullies
from cyber bullies are the methods used on their victims. These include, but not limited to, e-
mail, blogs (or Web logs), mobile phones, instant messaging (Sparling, 2005: 18) and also
social networks such as MySpace. The general appeal of cyber bullying as opposed to the
traditional methods of cyber bullying, is the anonymity and lack of face-to-face contact with the
victims. This allows the bullies to gain confidence and therefore, heightens levels of nastiness.
The level of concern raised for this form of bullying is because "cyber-bullying transcends school
boundaries into the so-called virtual world (Tomazin & Smith, 2007) and doesn't allow for any
period of rest or peace for the victim.
The effects of cyber bullying vary from victim to victim and include not only the emotional
but physical as well. Although research into this modern form of bullying is still in its early
stages, it has been proven that "symptoms include poor socialisation, obesity, depression,
addiction, sleep deprivation and a drop in academic performance (Tomazin & Smith, 2007), as
well as significant self-esteem issues. These are some of the key points that may alert parents
to something more serious affecting their child, before it's too late. Research shows that cyber
bullying is most dominant in "11 to 16-year-olds (Tomazin & Smith, 2007) and is the leader in
school abuse statistics. One teenager stated "they've taken my freedom and my happiness
away, and now all ever want to do is really be alone (Bartlett, 2008), which further illustrates
the significant effect these bullies are having on today's youth. This has major impact on
adolescents' self-esteem which is causing them to become withdrawn and un-sociable and may
result in the extreme effect of cyber bullying, being suicide (Tomazin & Smith, 2007). Whether it
is physical or psychological effects, the damage to the victim is quite often irreparable.
The methods applied in this new-age of bullying are central to the internet and social
networks. The key contenders are MySpace and mobile phones, which most teenagers have
access to on a 24 hour basis. These social-networks are an integral part to an adolescent's day-
to-day life, being considered a 'life-line', and easily accessible, so it is conceivable that these
would be the main target regions for bullies. MySpace is regarded as being "a social networking
site meant to share music, foster new friendships and a sense of community, (Hewitt, 2006:
113) thus the appeal to today's youth. However, this particular social network is also noted as a
"preferred venue for cyber-bullies (Hewitt, 2006: 113) due to its massive popularity amongst
adolescents. Mobile phones are largely considered a key aspect in this communication era
where cyber bullying has emerged. The technology available on many mobile phones today is
inclusive of camera's that capture both still and video imagery, as well as messaging capabilities
that allow these images to be forwarded to a large audience. t is evident that cyber bullying
ranges "from abusive text messages and emails, to degrading digital photographs, mobile
phone videos and teasing or humiliation within the virtual walls of an internet chat room
(Tomazin & Smith, 2007), which highlights the large area this new form of bullying covers, on
such an extreme scale.
The form of bullying present in the twenty-first century is similar to the traditional form of
bullying, but uses modern technology as its weapon. The 'always-on' culture of today's youth
makes teenagers highly susceptible to cyber bullying, through such social networks as mobile
phones and MySpace. t seems bullying has moved from the school playground to cyber space,
in this all pervasive form of cyber bullying. The ramifications evident on victims, include the
physical and emotional, even tending to the extent of suicide. t is the internet and its
capabilities to reach such a wide audience that make cyber bullying so easily accessible and so
humiliating. Whether it be MySpace or mobile phones, it is clear that cyber bullying is on the
rapid increase and affecting many adolescents in a significant way.


Chapter V
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
Summary
he reason LhaL cyber bullylng ls such an lssue Lhese days ls because so many klds are on soclal neLworks
such as lacebook and 1wlLLer 1he second reason LhaL Lhls ls a problem ls because klds are commlLLlng
sulclde due Lo cyber bullylng Cyber bullylng wlll remaln a problem unLll people who are belng bullled
reporL Lhe person who ls responslble

Accordlng Lo Lhe news klds are belng cyber bullled dally Some examples of cyber bullylng would be
spreadlng unLrue rumors abouL someone on a soclal neLwork or maklng LhreaLs Lo a person onllne
unforLunaLely many klds do noL wanL Lo reporL Lhls and Lhey do noL Lell Lhelr parenLs unLll lL ls really
bad or Loo laLe Many klds Lhlnk Lhey have nowhere Lo Lurn and Lake Lhelr own llfe! uoes lL boLher you
LhaL Lhls ls happenlng?

Cne soluLlon Lo cyber bullylng would be Lo always reporL Lhe person who ls dolng Lhe bullylng lL should
be reporLed Lo Lhe onllne neLwork and Lhe bully should noL be allowed Lo be a parL of Lhe group agaln l
Lhlnk lL should be agalnsL Lhe law Lo cyber bully and more laws should be passed Lo prevenL lL l also
Lhlnk everyone on a soclal neLwork should have Lo Lake a cyber bullylng awareness qulz before belng
allowed Lo [oln Lhe neLwork 1hls would Leach Lhe person how Lo recognlze and reporL lL Also klds
should always Lell Lhelr parenLs lf Lhls ls happenlng lf Lhls was done Lhe lnLerneL and Lhe soclal
neLworks would be safer for all of us Pow would you feel lf you had a chlld LhaL was belng cyber bullled
and laLer commlLLed sulclde? l Lhlnk Lhls ls a problem LhaL needs Lo be LreaLed serlously!

Some people may ob[ecL Lo havlng laws LhaL conLrol Lhe lnLerneL buL l Lhlnk Lhey may save someone's
llfe and keep cyber bullles offllne or aL leasL off of soclal neLworks l Lhlnk my soluLlons would help make
surflng Lhe lnLerneL and belng a parL of soclal neLworks safer for everyone Cyber bullylng needs Lo be
sLopped because people should noL have Lo feel unsafe or LhreaLened onllne now leL's go sLop cyber
bullylng!



Concluslons
Cyberbullying is the practice oI posting or sending harmIul images or text via the Internet or
other digital communication tools, such as cell phones, email, instant messaging, chat rooms,
video game spaces or social networking environments such as My Space and Facebook.
Following are some tips Ior parents and educators to help keep kids saIe. Tell students to never
pass along harmIul or cruel messages or images.Train students to delete suspicious email
messages without opening them.Ask students to step up to Iriends who are cyberbullying and tell
them to stop.Teach students how to use technology to block communication with
cyberbullies.Speak to students about the importance oI telling a parent or adult about any
cyberbullying they`re witness to.At home, supervise your child`s time online. Putting the
computer in a common area, such as the kitchen, is a good idea.Addressing cyberbullying
school-wide is key -- help institute a Iormal policy Ior dealing with any cyberbullying instances.
Be sure students Iully understand the consequences. For some guidelines on craIting a program,
visit HotChalk.com and see Preventing Cyberbullying. A Conversation with Mike Donlin.Create
a community outreach program to educate those beyond the school walls to the dangers oI
cyberbullying. Have students work with the Chamber oI Commerce or other civic group to create
an awareness campaign.Teach students the basics oI smart and savvy Web behavior, such as
never revealing passwords or real last names. and Pay attention. II you notice a student is
withdrawn, depressed or reluctant to attend school or social events, investigate.


8ecommendaLlons

LducaLlng Lhe klds abouL Lhe consequences (loslng Lhelr lS or lM accounLs) helps 1eachlng Lhem Lo
respecL oLhers and Lo Lake a sLand agalnsL bullylng of all klnds helps Loo When schools Lry and geL
lnvolved by dlsclpllnlng Lhe sLudenL for cyberbullylng acLlons LhaL Look place offcampus and ouLslde of
school hours Lhey are ofLen sued for exceedlng Lhelr auLhorlLy and vlolaLlng Lhe sLudenLs free speech
rlghL 1hey also ofLen lose Schools can be very effecLlve brokers ln worklng wlLh Lhe parenLs Lo sLop and
remedy cyberbullylng slLuaLlons 1hey can also educaLe Lhe sLudenLs on cybereLhlcs and Lhe law lf
schools are creaLlve Lhey can someLlmes avold Lhe clalm LhaL Lhelr acLlons exceeded Lhelr legal
auLhorlLy for offcampus cyberbullylng acLlons We recommend LhaL a provlslon ls added Lo Lhe schools
accepLable use pollcy reservlng Lhe rlghL Lo dlsclpllne Lhe sLudenL for acLlons Laken offcampus lf Lhey
are lnLended Lo have an effecL on a sLudenL or Lhey adversely affecL Lhe safeLy and wellbelng of sLudenL
whlle ln school 1hls makes lL a conLracLual noL a consLlLuLlonal lssue arenLs need Lo be supporLlve of
your chlld durlng Lhls Llme ?ou may be LempLed Lo glve Lhe sLlck and sLones may break your bones buL
words wlll never hurL you lecLure buL words and cyberaLLacks can wound a chlld easlly and have a
lasLlng effecL 1hese aLLacks follow Lhem lnLo your oLherwlse safe home and wherever Lhey go onllne
And when up Lo 700 mllllon accompllces can be recrulLed Lo help LargeL or humlllaLe your chlld Lhe rlsk
of emoLlonal paln ls very real and very serlous uonL brush lL off

LeL Lhe school know so Lhe guldance counselor can keep an eye ouL for lnschool bullylng and for
how your chlld ls handllng Lhlngs ?ou may wanL Lo noLlfy your pedlaLrlclan famlly counselor or clergy
for supporL lf Lhlngs progress lL ls cruclal LhaL you are Lhere Lo provlde Lhe necessary supporL and love
Make Lhem feel secure Chlldren have commlLLed sulclde afLer havlng been cyberbullled and ln !apan
one young glrl kllled anoLher afLer a cyberbullylng lncldenL 1ake lL serlously

arenLs also need Lo undersLand LhaL a chlld ls [usL as llkely Lo be a cyberbully as a vlcLlm of
cyberbullylng and ofLen go back and forLh beLween Lhe Lwo roles durlng one lncldenL 1hey may noL
even reallze LhaL Lhey are seen as a cyberbully (?ou can learn more abouL Lhls under Lhe lnadverLenL
Cyberbully proflle of a cyberbully)

We have a qulck gulde Lo whaL Lo do lf your chlld ls belng cyberbullled ?our acLlons have Lo
escalaLe as Lhe LhreaL and hurL Lo your chlld does 8uL Lhere are Lwo Lhlngs you musL conslder before
anyLhlng else ls your chlld aL rlsk of physlcal harm or assaulL? And how are Lhey handllng Lhe aLLacks
emoLlonally?

lf Lhere ls any lndlcaLlon LhaL personal conLacL lnformaLlon has been posLed onllne or any
LhreaLs are made Lo your chlld you musL rundo noL walk Lo your local law enforcemenL agency (noL Lhe
l8l) 1ake a prlnLouL of all lnsLances of cyberbullylng Lo show Lhem buL noLe LhaL a prlnLouL ls noL
sufflclenL Lo prove a case of cyberharassmenL or cyberbullylng ?oull need elecLronlc evldence and llve
daLa for LhaL (?ou may wanL Lo answer Lhe quesLlons on our checkllsL for helplng spoL Lhe dlfference
beLween annoylng communlcaLlons and poLenLlally dangerous ones 8uL remember lf ln doubL reporL
lL)



























Bartlett, L., Gaitz, G., (2008) Cyber Bullies, 0 minutes, April 13
th
.
Hewitt, B., (200) MySpace Nation. The Controversy, People. New York: Jun 5, 200, Vol. 5,
Iss. 22.
McKenna, P., (2007) The cyber-bullies are always with you.., New Scientist, London, Jul 21-Jul
27, 2007, Vol. 195, Iss. 213.
Smith, P.K., Mahdavi, J., Carvalho, M., Fisher, S., Russell, S., Tippett, N., (2008)
Cyberbullying. its nature and impact in secondary school pupils, Journal oI Child Psychology
and Psychiatry 49 (4).
Sparling, P., (2005) Mean Machines, Current Health 1, StamIord: Apr/May 2005. Vol. 28, Iss. 8.
Tomazin, F., Smith, B., (2007) The bully you cant see, The Age Newspaper, March
10
th
.