A Tautological and Empirical Proof for the Validity of Logic By Anthony Blackstone Perpetual (C)Copyright (2011C.E.) By Anthony J.

Fejfar, Neothomism P.C. (PA), and The American People and The People of God as a Public Domain Copyright. A tautological logical proof is a proof that is logically valid, given that any premises or assumptions made are empirically valid. Now, I have a tautological proof for the validity of logic which, alternatively, makes no unproven assumptions at all, or alternatively makes one concrete, factual assumption which can be empirically proven at 99.999999% probability. First, I defined logic as that which is not illogical. Now, this is a tautological definition and cannot logically be disproven. Now, I define that which is illogical as that statement or argument, or assumption, which involves a logical contradiction, such as attempting to assert that (A) and (not A) can exist at and in the same time and the same place. Now, the foregoing seems to be a premise or assumption, and therefore it is appropriate to prove the empirical validity of that assumption. Thus, I assert that it is impossible for an actual person to have an (A)pple and no(t) (A)pple in the persons left hand, at and in the same time and the same place. In other words, a person either has an (A)pple or the person does not have an (A)pple in the persons left hand. It is an either/or. There is no middle ground. Additionally, let us assume that a person has carved a capital letter A with a size of about 2 inches high and 1 inch wide. Now, instead of using the (A)pple as the object of the experiment, we now use the solid wood, letter A as a new experiment. Now, for any person, the person either has a wood block (A) in the persons right hand, or the person does not. Thus, with respect to any person, the wood block A is in the persons left hand or not. It is impossible for the wood block A to both be in

the persons left hand, and not be in the persons left hand, at and in the same time and the same place. This is a concrete logic, tautological proof at 99.9999999% validity, which is the highest level of probablity that empirical science can produce. Thus, the concrete logic proof or experiment proving the validity of the definition of logic, is statistically valid with a standard deviation of approximately, .0000001. Therefore, logic is empirically and ideally valid, both tautologically and reasonably at a probability of a probable judgment of fact, of 99.99999999%. Accordingly, the premise or assumption made in the original logical proof for the validity of logic, asserted above, is both empirically valid, as well as valid by reason of the substantial analogy between concrete logic and ideal or merely conceptual logic. (For further reading, see, Anthony J. Fejfars articles and books dealing with Critical Thomist Philosophy and Jurisprudence).