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muG kf;fs; Fu;Md; trdk; Nghd;w xd;iw nfhz;L tUtjw;F Kaw;rp nra;Jk;>
mtu;fshy; mijf; nfhz;L tu Kbatpy;iy. MfNt Fu;Md; mugpfsplkpUe;J
te;jpUf;f KbahJ. Vnddpy;> mJ mtu;fSf;F miw$ty; tpLj;Jk;> mij Nghd;w
xd;iw nfhz;L tu mtu;fs; Kaw;rp nra;Jk;> mijg; Nghd;w xd;iw mtu;fshy;
nfhz;L tu ,aytpy;iy. Fu;Md; K`k;kJ(]y;) mtu;fsplkpUe;J te;jpUf;ff;
$Lk; vd;gJk; jtwhdjhFk;. Vnddpy; mtUk; muGr%fj;jpd; cWg;gpdu;jhd;.
mtUila mwpthw;wy; vt;tsTjhd; cr;rj;jpy; ,Ue;jhYk;> mtu; khdpl ,dj;ijr;
rhu;e;jtuhfTk;> muG rKjhaj;jpd; cWg;gpduhfTk; ,Uf;fpwhu;. muG kf;fs; Fu;Md;
trdj;ijg; Nghd;w xd;iw nfhz;L tu ,ayhjtu;fshf ,Ue;j fhuzj;jpdhy;>
,e;j $w;W K`k;kJ(]y;)mtHfSf;Fk; nghUe;jf;$baJjhd;>Vnddpy; mtUk;
mr;rKjhaj;jpd; mq;fj;jpdHjhd;.MfNt>mtUk; FHMid nfhz;Lte;jpUf;f
KbahJ.NkYk;>K`k;kJ(]y;)mtu;fSila Ngr;rhd ]`P`jP];fSk;> Kj;jthj;jpu;
`jP];fSk; ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,itfspd; ek;gfj;jd;ik re;Njfj;Jf;F mg;ghw;gl;lJ.
,e;j `jP];fspy; ve;j xd;iwAk; Fu;Md; trdk; xd;NwhL xg;gpl;Lg;
ghu;g;NghNkahdhy;> mitfSf;fpilapYs;s eilapy; (Style) ve;j xw;WikiaAk; fhz
KbahJ. K`k;kJ(]y;)mtu;fs; ,iwtdhy; mUsg;gl;l (,iw) trdq;fisAk;>
`jP];fisAk; xNu Neuj;jpy; $Wthu;> vdpDk; mit ,uz;bw;Fk; ,ilapy; cs;s
eilapy; ngUk; NtWghL ,Ue;Jte;jJ. vtNuDk; xUkdpjH mtUila Ngr;ir
NtWgLj;jp fhl;l Kw;gLk;rkaj;jpy;> mJ eilapy; xNu khjpupNa ,Uf;Fk;>
Vndd;why; mJ mtupy;(]y;) xU gFjpahf,Uf;fpwJ. `jP];fSf;Fk;>Fu;Md;
trdq;fSf;Fk; mjd; eilapy; ve;jtpj xw;WikiaAk; ,y;yhj fhuzj;jpdhy;>
Fu;Md; epr;rakhf K`k;kJ(]y;) mtu;fSila Ngr;rhf ,Uf;f KbahJ. NkYk;
muG rKjhaj;ijr; rhu;e;j> muG nkhopay; GyikAs;s ve;j kdpjUk; Fu;Mid
K`k;kJ(]y;) mtu;fspd; Ngr;R vd;Nwh my;yJ mtuJ (]y;) Ngr;ir xj;J
,Uf;fpwJ vd;Nwh Fw;wk; rhl;ltpy;iy. [g;u; vd;w fpU];jt ,isQdplkpUe;J
K`k;kJ(]y;) mtu;fs; mijf; fw;Wf; nfhz;L te;jhu; vd;w xNu Fw;wr;rhl;il
kl;Lk; muG kf;fs; $wp te;jhu;fs;. mtu;fSila Fw;wr;rhl;il my;yh`;(RG)
kWj;Jf; $Wfpd;whd;.
ﻦ
ٌ ﻲ ُﻣﺒِﻴ
ﻋ َﺮ ِﺑ ﱞ
َ ن
ٌ ﻲ َو َهﺬَا ﻟِﺴَﺎ
ﺠ ِﻤ ﱞ
َﻋ
ْ ن ِإَﻟ ْﻴ ِﻪ َأ
َ ﺤﺪُو
ِ ن اﱠﻟﺬِي ُﻳ ْﻠ
ُ ﺸ ٌﺮ ِﻟﺴَﺎ
َ ن ِإ ﱠﻧﻤَﺎ ُﻳ َﻌﻠﱢ ُﻤ ُﻪ َﺑ
َ َوَﻟ َﻘ ْﺪ َﻧ ْﻌَﻠ ُﻢ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﻳﻘُﻮﻟُﻮ
mtUf;F fw;Wf; nfhLg;gnjy;yhk; xU kdpju;jhd; vd;W mtu;fs; $WtijAk;
epr;rakhf ehk; mwpNthk;. vtNuhL ,izj;Jf; $Wfpwhu;fNsh mtUila nkhop
mugp my;yhj nkhopahFk;. Mdhy; ,t;NtjNkh kpf njspthd mugp nkhopapy;
cs;sjhFk;. (TmqFu;Md; 16:103)
jpUkiw Fu;Md; muG kf;fspd; Ngr;rhfTk; ,y;iy> K`k;kJ(]y;)
mtu;fSila Ngr;rhfTk; ,y;iy vd;W njspthf ep&gpf;fg;gl;L tpl;lfhuzj;jpdhy;>
epr;rakhf mJ my;yh`;(RG)tpd; Ngr;rhf kl;LNk ,Uf;f KbAk;. NkYk; FH;Md;
mijf;nfhz;Lte;j K`k;kJ(]y;)mtHfspd; mw;GjkhfTk; ,Uf;fpd;wJ.
K`k;kJ(]y;)mtu;fSf;F Fu;Md; mUsg;gl;bUg;gjhYk;> mJ my;yh`;(RG)tpd;
thu;j;ijahfTk;> ,iwrl;lq;fshfTk; ,Ug;gjhYk;> my;yh`;(RG)tpd;
J}ju;fisAk;> jPu;f;f juprpfisAk; jtpu NtW vtUk; my;yh`;(RG)tpd; \upahit
nfhz;L tu KbahJ vd;w fhuzj;jhYk;> ,e;j mwpthu;e;j Mjhuq;fspd;
mbg;gilapy; K`k;kJ(]y;) mtu;fs; my;yh`;(RG)tpd; J}juhfTk; (Razool-
Messenger) jPu;f;fjuprpahfTk; (Prophet - Nabee) ,Uf;fpwhu; vd;gJ ,q;F njspthf
ep&gdk; MfpwJ.
(,e;j Mjhuk;) my;yh`;(RG) kPJk;> K`k;kJ(]y;) mtu;fs; nfhz;L te;j
nra;jp (Message) kPJk;> jpUkiw Fu;Md; my;yh`;(RG)tpd; thu;j;ij (Speech of Allah)
vd;gjd; kPJk;> <khd; nfhs;tjw;F (kdpju;fSf;F) mwpthu;e;j MjhukhfTk;
,itfSf;Fhpa ep&gdkhfTk; ,Uf;fpd;wd.
Mifahy;> my;yh`;(RG)tpd; kPJs;s <khd; mwpthu;e;j topapd;%yk; Vw;;gl
Ntz;Lk;> NkYk; me;j <khd; mwpthu;e;j topapy; kl;LNk ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
,t;thwhf> ek; rpe;jidf;F mg;ghw;gl;litfs; kPJk;> my;yh`;(RG) mwptpj;Jf;
nfhLj;jitfs; kPJk; ehk; <khd; nfhs;tJ ,e;j mbg;gilapd; kPJjhd;
mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jdbg;gilapy;> ehk; my;yh`;(RG) kPJk;> mtDila(RG)
nja;tPf gz;G$Wfs; kPJk; <khd; nfhs;fpNwhk;. mtd;(RG) ekf;F mwptpj;Jf;
nfhLj;jitfis ehk; fz;bg;ghf ek;g Ntz;Lk;. mit ekJ mwpthw;wYf;F
cl;gl;litahf ,Ue;jhYk; my;yJ ekJ mwpthw;wYf;F mg;ghw;gl;litahf
,Ue;jhYk; rupNa. Vnddpy; mtw;iw my;yh`;(RG) ekf;F mwptpj;Js;shd;.
capu;j;njOk; ehs; (Day of Resurrection - Ba’ath) Rtdk; (Paradise - Jannah) eufk; (Hell - Naar)
Nfs;tp fzf;F (Rekoning- Hissab) jz;lid (Purnishment - Adhaab) kyf;Ffs; (Angels -
Malaaikah) [pd;fs; (Jinns) i\j;jhd;fs; (Shayaateen) Mfpatw;wpd; kPJk; jpUkiw Fu;Md;
kw;Wk; Kj;jthj;jpu; `jP]; Mfpa ,uz;Lk; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s midj;jpd; kPJk; ehk;
<khd; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j <khd;> mwptpg;G kw;Wk; nrtpAWjy; (narration and hearing)
%ykhf te;jhYk; mJ mwpTg;g+u;tkhdJjhd;> Vnddpy; mitfspd; %yq;fs;(origion)
mwptpdhy; ep&gpf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd. MfNt K];ypk;fspd; mfPjh
gFj;jwptpd;mbg;gilapy; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; my;yJ gFj;jwpT uPjpapy; ep&gpf;fg;gl;l
Mjhu%yq;;fspd; mbg;gilapy; ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;. MfNt> mwpthu;e;j mbg;gilapy;
gFj;jwpT uPjpahf ep&gpf;fg;gl;l tp\aq;fs; my;yJ epr;rakhfTk;
ek;gfj;jd;ikAlDk; $ba Fu;Md; kw;Wk; Kj;jthj;jpu; `jP]; Mfpatw;wpd; %yk;
ep&gpf;fg;gl;l tp\aq;fs; Mfpait kPJ kl;Lk;jhd; K];ypk;fs; <khd; nfhs;s
Ntz;Lk;. mwpthu;e;j uPjpapy; ep&gpf;fg;gl;lit kw;Wk; Fu;Md;> Kj;jthj;jpu; `jP];
Mfpatw;why;; ep&gpf;fg;gl;l tp\aq;fs; ,tw;iwj; jtpu kw;wtw;wpd; kPJ ek;gpf;if
nfhs;tjpypUe;J K];ypk;fs; jil nra;ag;gl;bUf;fpwhu;fs;. Vnddpy; kpfkpf
cWjpahd Kiwapyd;wp mfPjh mikf;fg;gl khl;lhJ.
MfNt> ,e;j cyf tho;f;iff;F Ke;jpatdhf my;yh`;(RG) ,Uf;fpd;whd;
vd;gjpYk;> cyf tho;f;iff;F gpd;G epahaj;jPu;g;G ehs; cs;sJ vd;gjpYk; ehk;
<khd; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j cyf tho;f;iff;Fk; mjw;F Kd;G cs;sjw;Fk;
,ilapYs;s njhlu;igAk;> ,e;j cyfj;jpYs;s gilg;gpdq;fSf;F ,ilapYs;s
njhlu;igAk; cs;slf;fpaJjhd; my;yh`;(RG)tpd; fl;lisfs; (Commands of Allah) .
,e;j cyf tho;f;ifapy; xUtu; nra;Ak; nraYf;Fk; kWik ehSf;Fk; ,ilapYs;s
njhlu;G Nfs;tp fzf;fhf ,Ug;gjhy;;> ,e;j cyf tho;f;iff;Fk;> mjw;F Kd;gpd;
cs;sepiyfSf;;Fk; epr;rakhf xU njhlu;G ,Ue;jhf Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; ,e;j
njhlu;G kdpjDila cyf tho;f;ifia fl;Lg;gLj;jf; $bajhfTk;
,Ue;Jnfhz;bUf;fpwJ. NtW tifapy; $Wtnjd;why;> ,e;j cyf tho;f;ifapy;
kdpjd; my;yh`;(RG)tpd; nrayhf;fmikg;gpd; (System) gbjhd; ,aq;f Ntz;Lk;>
NkYk;> epahaj;jPu;g;G ehsd;W my;yh`;(RG) kdpju;fspd; nray;fSf;F Nfs;tp
fzf;F Nfl;ghd; vd;gijAk; ek;g Ntz;Lk;.
,e;j tpupthd tpthjj;jpd; thapyhf kdpjd;> tho;T> gpugQ;rk; Mfpait gw;wpAk;>
,e;j cyf tho;f;iff;F Kd;G vd;dcs;sJ? ,e;j cyf tho;f;iff;F gpd;G
vd;dcs;sJ? tho;f;ifapd; Kd;gpd; epiyfSld; tho;f;ifapd; njhlu;G vd;d?
vd;gijg; gw;wpAk; xU gpufhrkhd rpe;jid (Enlightened Thought) epWtg;gl;Ltpl;lJ.
,t;thwhf> ,];yhkpa mfPjhtpd; (Islamic Aqeedah) %yk; kdpjtho;f;ifapd;kpfg;ngupa
gpur;rpidf;F KOikahd jPu;T vl;lg;gl;Ltpl;lJ.
,e;j jPu;it vl;btpl;l epiyapy;> ,g;NghJ kdpjd; mtd; tho;f;ifiag; gw;wpa
rpe;jidapd;ghy; ftdk;nrYj;jp> mijg; gw;wpa cWjpahd kw;Wk; Mf;fg;g+u;tkhd
fUj;jpid cUthf;f,aYk;. mtDila tho;f;ifapy; kWkyu;r;rpia nfhz;L
tuf;$ba rpj;jhe;jj;jpd; mbj;jskhf (Foundation of Ideology) ,e;j jPu;T tpsq;FfpwJ.
,e;j rpj;jhe;jj;jpypUe;J gpwf;Fk; fyhr;rhuj;jpw;Fk;(haDhara),JNt mbj;jskhf
tpsq;FfpwJ> ,d;Dk; midj;J nrayhf;fmikg;GfSf;Fk;;(systems)> ,];yhkpa Ml;rp
mikg;Gf;Fk; (rulingsystem) ,Jjhd; mbj;jskhf ,Uf;fpwJ. ,t;thwhf> rpe;jid
kw;Wk; topKiw (Fikrah and Tareeqah) Mfpatw;iw cs;slf;fpa ,];yhkpa mfPjhtpd;
mbj;jsj;jpd; kPJjhd; ,];yhkpa khu;f;fk; epu;khdpf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ.
ﻞ
ُ ﻦ َﻗ ْﺒ
ْ ل ِﻣ
َ ب اﱠﻟﺬِي َأ ْﻧ َﺰ
ِ ﻋﻠَﻰ َرﺳُﻮِﻟ ِﻪ وَا ْﻟ ِﻜﺘَﺎ َ ل َ ب اﱠﻟﺬِي َﻧ ﱠﺰ ِ ﻦ َﺁ َﻣﻨُﻮا َﺁ ِﻣﻨُﻮا ﺑِﺎﻟﱠﻠ ِﻪ َو َرﺳُﻮِﻟ ِﻪ وَا ْﻟ ِﻜﺘَﺎ
َ ﻳَﺎ أَ ﱡﻳﻬَﺎ اﱠﻟﺬِﻳ
ﺿﻠَﺎﻟًﺎ َﺑﻌِﻴﺪًا
َ ﻞ ﺿﱠ َ ﺧ ِﺮ َﻓ َﻘ ْﺪ
ِ ﺳِﻠ ِﻪ وَا ْﻟ َﻴ ْﻮ ِم ا ْﻟَﺂ
ُ ﻦ َﻳ ْﻜ ُﻔ ْﺮ ﺑِﺎﻟﱠﻠ ِﻪ َو َﻣﻠَﺎ ِﺋ َﻜ ِﺘ ِﻪ َو ُآ ُﺘ ِﺒ ِﻪ َو ُر
ْ َو َﻣ
ek;gpf;if nfhz;NlhNu> ePq;fs; my;yh`;itAk; mtDila J}jiuAk; mtd;
jd;Dila J}ju; kPJ ,wf;fp itj;j ,t;Ntjj;ijAk; Kd;du; mtd; ,wf;fp itj;j
Ntjq;fisAk; <khd; nfhs;Sq;fs;. ,d;Dk; vtu; my;yh`;itAk; mtDila
thdtu;fisAk; mtDila Ntjq;fisAk; mtDila J}ju;fisAk; ,Wjp ehisAk;
epuhfupf;fpd;whNuh epr;rakhf mtu; kpf J}ukhd topNfl;by; topnfl;Ltpl;lhu;.
(TmqFu;Md; 4:136)
ﺐ
ﺐ َو َﺗ ﱠ
ٍ ﺖ َﻳﺪَا َأﺑِﻲ َﻟ َﻬ
ْ َﺗ ﱠﺒ
mG+y`gpd; ,Ufuq;fSk; ehrkiltjhf. (Tmq my; k]j; 111:1)
ن
َ ﻦ َﻗِﻠﻴﻠًﺎ ﻣَﺎ َﺗ َﺬ ﱠآﺮُو
ٍ ل آَﺎ ِه
ِ ﻋ ٍﺮ َﻗﻠِﻴﻠًﺎ ﻣَﺎ ُﺗ ْﺆﻣِﻨُﻮنَ َوﻟَﺎ ِﺑ َﻘ ْﻮ
ِ ل ﺷَﺎ
ِ َوﻣَﺎ ُه َﻮ ِﺑ َﻘ ْﻮ
epr;rakhf ,J fz;zpakpf;f xU J}jupd; thu;j;ijahFk;. ,J ftpQhpd;
thu;j;ijay;y. ePq;fs; nrhw;gkhfNt tp];thrk; nfhs;fpwPu;fs;.
(Tmq my;`hf;f: 69:40,41)
ن
َ ﺴﺮُو
ِﺨْ ن َوِإذَا آَﺎﻟُﻮ ُه ْﻢ َأ ْو َو َزﻧُﻮ ُه ْﻢ ُﻳ
َ ﺴ َﺘ ْﻮﻓُﻮ
ْ س َﻳ
ِ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ
َ ﻦ ِإذَا ا ْآﺘَﺎﻟُﻮا
َ ﻞ ﻟِ ْﻠ ُﻤﻄَ ﱢﻔﻔِﻴﻦَ اﱠﻟﺬِﻳ
ٌ وَ ْﻳ
(mstpYk;> epWitapYk;) Nkhrb nra;gtu;fSf;F NfLjhd;. mtu;fs;
kdpju;fsplkpUe;J thq;Fk; NghJ KO msit thq;fpf; nfhs;fpwhu;fs;. Mdhy;
kdpju;fSf;F nfhLf;Fk; NghJ msitapYk;> epWitapYk; (Fiwgj;jd;%yk;)
e\;lk; Vw;gLj;Jfpwhu;fs;.
(Tmq my;Kj/g;gp/gpd;: 83:1>3)
ﻚ ا ْﻟ َﻔ ْﻮ ُز ا ْﻟﻜَﺒِﻴ ُﺮ
َ ﺤ ِﺘﻬَﺎ ا ْﻟَﺄ ْﻧﻬَﺎ ُر َذِﻟ
ْ ﻦ َﺗ
ْ ﺠﺮِي ِﻣ
ْ ت َﺗ
ٌ ت َﻟ ُﻬ ْﻢ ﺟَﻨﱠﺎ
ِ ﻋ ِﻤﻠُﻮا اﻟﺼﱠﺎِﻟﺤَﺎ
َ ﻦ َﺁ َﻣﻨُﻮا َو
َ ن اﱠﻟﺬِﻳ
ِإ ﱠ
tp];thrk; nfhz;L ew;fUkk; nra;gtu;fSf;F Rtdk; cz;L. mtw;wpd; fPo; MWfs;
Xbf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;. mJjhd; kfj;jhd ntw;wpahFk;. (Tmq my;GU[;:85:11)
kjpdhtpy; ,iwj;J}ju;(]y;) mtu;fs; gpd;tUk; trdq;fis Xjpf;fhl;bdhu;fs;:
ﺼﻠَﺎ َة َوَﺁﺗُﻮا اﻟ ﱠﺰآَﺎ َة
َوَأﻗِﻴﻤُﻮا اﻟ ﱠ
njhOifia epiy epWj;Jq;fs;. ]fhj;ij nfhLj;J thUq;fs;. (Tmq my;gfuh
2:43)
ﻞ اﻟﱠﻠ ِﻪ
ِ ﺳﺒِﻴ
َ ﺴ ُﻜ ْﻢ ﻓِﻲ
ِ ﺧﻔَﺎﻓًﺎ َو ِﺛﻘَﺎﻟًﺎ وَﺟَﺎهِﺪُوا ِﺑَﺄ ْﻣﻮَاِﻟ ُﻜ ْﻢ َوَأ ْﻧ ُﻔ
ِ ا ْﻧﻔِﺮُوا
fdj;jtu;fshfNth> ,Nyrhdtu;fshfNth Gwg;gLq;fs;. cq;fs; nry;tq;fisf;
nfhz;Lk; capu;fisf; nfhz;Lk; my;yh`;tpd; ghijapy; NghuhLq;fs;.
(Tmq mj;jt;gh 9:41)
NkYk; ,iwj;J}ju;(]y;) mtu;fs; gpd;tUk; trdq;fis Xjpdhu;fs;:
ﻰ ﻓَﺎ ْآ ُﺘﺒُﻮ ُﻩﺴﻤ
َ ﻞ ُﻣ
ٍﺟ
َ ﻦ ِإﻟَﻰ َأ
ٍ ﻦ َﺁ َﻣﻨُﻮا ِإذَا َﺗﺪَا َﻳ ْﻨ ُﺘ ْﻢ ِﺑ َﺪ ْﻳ
َ ﻳَﺎ أَ ﱡﻳﻬَﺎ اﱠﻟﺬِﻳ
tp];thrk; nfhz;ltu;fNs! cq;fSf;fpilapy; Fwpg;gpl;l jtizf;F fld;
nfhLf;Fk; rkaj;jpy; mij vOj;J %yk; gjpT nra;J nfhs;Sq;fs;.
(Tmq my; gfuh 2:282)
ﻏ ِﻨﻴَﺎ ِء ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﻜ ْﻢ
ْ ﻦ ا ْﻟَﺄ
َ ن دُوَﻟ ًﺔ َﺑ ْﻴ
َ ﻲ ﻟَﺎ َﻳﻜُﻮ
ْ َآ
cq;fs; kj;jpapYs;s nry;te;ju;fSf;F ,ilapy; kl;Lk; nry;tk; Rw;wpf;
nfhz;bUf;fhjpUf;Fk; nghUl;L.......(Tmq my;`\u; 59:7)
ن
َ ﺠ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ ُه ُﻢ ا ْﻟﻔَﺎ ِﺋﺰُو
َ ب ا ْﻟ
ُ ﺻﺤَﺎ
ْ ﺠ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ َأ
َ ب ا ْﻟ
ُ ﺻﺤَﺎ
ْ ب اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ِر َوَأ
ُ ﺻﺤَﺎ
ْ ﺴﺘَﻮِي َأ
ْ َﻟَﺎ ﻳ
eufj;jpd; Njhoikiaf; nfhz;ltu;fSk; Rtdj;jpd; Njhoikia
nfhz;ltu;fSk; rkkhdtu;fs; my;y. Rtdj;jpd; Njhoikia ngw;Wf;
nfhz;ltu;fNs ntw;wpahsu;fs;. (Tmq my;`\;u 59:20)
,jdbg;gilapy;> ,];yhkpa miog;Gg;gzp vd;gJ> kf;fs; jq;fs; md;whl
tho;tpay; tptfhuq;fis jPu;j;Jf; nfhs;Sk; nghUl;L> ,];yhj;jpd; nrayhf;f
mikg;ig (System of Islam - Nidam al Islam) mtu;fsplk; vLj;Jr; nry;tjhFk;. ,J
Vnddpy;> ,];yhkpa miog;Gg; gzpapd; ntw;wpapd; ,ufrpak; vd;dntd;why;> kpf
njspthfTk; KSikahdtpjj;jpYk; kdpjidg;gw;wp mJ NgRfpwJ>NkYk;> kdpjd;
vd;w me;j];j;jpy; mtdplk; KSikahd jPtpukhw;wj;ij nfhz;LtUfpwJ.
Fiwaw;w tifapYk;> epiwthfTk;> KOikahfTk; gzpahw;w Ntz;Lk; vd;w
ce;Jjiy jq;fsplj;jpy; Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;shj tiuapy;> miog;Gg; gzpahsu;fs;
jPtpukhd Kiwapy; gzpahw;wp jq;fs; nghWg;Gfis epiwNtw;WtJ vd;gJ rhj;jpak;
,y;yhj tp\akhFk;. epue;jukhf rj;jpaj;ij NjLgtu;fshf mtu;fs; ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk;. ve;j me;epa rpe;jidapypUe;Jk; jq;fis gupRj;jg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sk;
tpjkhf njhlu;e;J rj;jpaj;ij NjLgtu;fshf mtu;fs; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
mtu;fsplj;jpy; njhw;wpf; nfhs;s tha;g;Gs;s me;epa rpe;jidfspypUe;Jk;> mtw;wpw;F
neUf;fkhf cs;stw;wpypUe;Jk; mtu;fs; jq;fis J}ukhf;fpf; nfhs;sNtz;Lk;.
,j;jifa eltbf;if> jhq;fs; Rke;J nry;Yk; rpe;jidia gupRj;jkhfTk;
njspthfTk; itj;Jf; nfhs;s cjtpLk;. rpe;jidapy; gupRj;jk; (Purity in Thought)
mjpy; njspT (Clarity in Thought) Mfpa ,uz;L kl;Lk;jhd; ,];yhj;jpd; ntw;wpf;Fk;
njhlu;e;J me;j ntw;wpia epiygLj;Jtjw;Fk; cj;jputhjk; mspf;ff;$bajhFk;.
my;yh`;(RG)tplkpUe;J te;j fl;lisahf vz;zp ,e;j flikia miog;Gg;
gzpahsu;fs; epiwNtw;w Ntz;Lk;. my;yh`;(RG)tpd; ctg;ig vjpu;ghu;j;jtu;fshf
kfpo;r;rpAlDk;> kpFe;j cw;rhfj;JlDk; ,e;j gzpapid mtu;fs; Nkw;nfhs;s
Ntz;Lk;. kf;fsplkpUe;J fpilf;Fk; ghuhl;ilNah my;yJ NtW ve;j cyf
yhgq;fisNah epr;rakhf mtu;fs; Njlf;$lhJ. my;yh`;(RG)tpd; ctg;ig
ngWtjw;F Kaw;rpg;gijj; jtpu NtW vijAk; mtu;fs; Vw;Wf; nfhs;sf;$lhJ.
,];yhkpa ehfuPfk;
Islamic Civilisation - Al HaDaarah Al Islamiyyah
ehfuPfk; (HaDaarah) vd;gjw;Fk; nghUspay; Kd;Ndw;wk; (Madaniyyah) vd;gjw;Fk;
ngupa NtWghL cz;L. ehfuPfk; vd;gJ tho;f;ifiag; gw;wpa midj;J
rpe;jidfisAk; cs;slf;fpajhFk;. Mdhy;> nghUspay; Kd;Ndw;wk; vd;gJ
tho;tpay; eltbf;iffspy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; Gyd; czu;Tf;F cl;gl;l (Sensed
Objects) nghUl;fspd; njhFg;G MFk;. tho;f;ifiag; gw;wpa fz;Nzhl;lj;jpd;
mbg;gilapy; cUthd Fwpg;gpl;l rpe;jidjhd; ehfuPfk; vd;gJ> Mdhy; nghUspay;
Kd;Ndw;wk; vd;gJ Fwpg;gpl;ljhfNth my;yJ nghJthdjhfNth ,Uf;fyhk;.
MfNt> cUtr;rpiyfs; Nghd;w ehfuPfj;jpd; gilg;GG; nghUl;fs;
Fwpg;ghditfs;>mNjNtisapy;> mwptpayhYk;>(Science) mjd; Kd;Ndw;wj;jhYk;>
njhopw;rhiyfshYk;> mjd; gupzhk tsu;r;rpapdhYk; cw;gj;jpahFk; nghUspay;
gilg;Gfs; nghJthditfs;> NkYk; mit Fwpg;gpl;l rKjhaj;jpw;Nfh my;yJ
ehl;Lf;Nfh jdpg;gl;L nrhe;jkhditfs; my;y. mitfs; njhopw;rhiyfs;>
mwptpay;> Mfpatw;iwg; Nghd;W nghJthditfs; (universal)
ehfuPfj;jpw;Fk; nghUspay; Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;Fk; ,ilapYs;s NtWghl;bid
epr;rakhf ehk; vg;nghOJk; ftdpf;f Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; ehfuPfj;jpd; tpisthf
Vw;gLk; nghUspay; Kd;Ndw;w mk;rq;fSf;Fk;> mwptpay; kw;Wk; njhopw;rhiyfshy;
cUthFk; nghUspay; Kd;Ndw;w mk;rq;fSf;Fk; ,ilapYs;s NtWghl;bidAk;
epr;rakhf ehk; ftdpf;f Ntz;Lk;. nghUspay; Kd;Ndw;wj;ij Ma;T nra;Ak;NghJ
mjd; tbtq;fSf;F(Forms) ,ilapYs;s NtWghl;bid mwpe;jpl ,J mtrpakhfpwJ.
NkYk;> ehfuPfj;jpw;Fk; kjdpahtpw;Fk;(nghUspy; Kd;Ndw;wk;) ,ilapYs;s
NtWghLfs; njspthf Gupe;J nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;. mwptpay; %ykhfTk;
njhopw;rhiy %ykhfTk; tpise;j Nkw;fj;jpa nghUspay; Kd;Ndw;wj;ij ngw;Wf;
nfhs;tjpy; ve;jtpj kWg;Gk; fhl;lf;$lhJ. vdpDk;> epr;rakhf vf;fhuzj;ijf;
nfhz;Lk; Nkw;fj;jpa ehfuPfj;jpd; tpisthf cUthd nghUspay; Kd;Ndw;wj;ij
Vw;Wf;nfhs;sNt $lhJ> Vnddpy;> Nkw;fj;jpa ehfuPfj;ij Vw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;F
ekf;F mDkjpapy;iy. ,jw;F fhuzk;> me;j ehfuPfk; epWtg;gl;bUf;Fk;
mbj;jsj;jpd; Kjy; gbapypUe;Jk;> tho;f;ifiag; gw;wpa mjd;
fz;Nzhl;lj;jpypUe;Jk;> kdpju;fspd; kfpo;r;rp gw;wpa mu;j;jj;ij mJ
tpsq;fpnfhz;ltpjj;jpypUe;Jk;> mbg;gilapNyNa mJ ,];yhj;NjhL Kuz;gl;L
epw;fpwJ.
kjj;ij tho;tpaypypUe;J gpupf;Fk; nfhs;ifapypUe;J Nkw;fj;jpa ehfuPfk;
fl;likf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. NkYk;> tho;tpay; tptfhuq;fspy; kjk; Mjpf;fk;
nrYj;Jtij mJ kWf;fpwJ. vdNt> murpaypypUe;J kjj;ij mJ gpupj;J
itj;jpUf;fpwJ. tho;f;ifapypUe;J kjj;ij gpupj;J> tho;tpay; tptfhuq;fspy; mjd;
gq;fspg;ig kWg;gtu;fSf;F ,e;j gpuptpid ,ay;ghd xd;whf ,Uf;ff;$Lk;. ,e;j
mbj;jsj;jpy;jhd; tho;tpaYk;> tho;tpaypd; nrayhf;fmikg;GfSk; (System of life)
epu;khdpf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd. ,e;j ehfuPfk; kdpjdpd; KO tho;f;ifiaAk;
cyfgad;fis kl;Lk; Njb mile;J nfhs;Sk; nray;ghl;Lj; jskhf fUJfpwJ.
vdNt> tho;f;ifapd; nray;ghLfSf;F mjd; msTNfhy; cyfMjhakhf
,Uf;fpwJ. Mifahy; tho;tpay; nrayhf;f mikg;GfSk; (System of life-
Nidam)mjd;ehfuPfKk; cyfMjhak; vd;w mbj;jsj;jpy;
epu;khdpf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd.mjd; nrayhf;f mikg;GfspYk; ehfuPfj;jpYk;
cyfgad;fs;jhd; Kf;fpakhd rpe;jidahfTk; (Thoughts) ntspg;gilahd mk;rkhfTk;
jpfo;fpd;wd. ,J Vnddpy;> tho;f;ifia cyfgad;fs; mbg;gilapy;jhd; mJ
tpsf;FfpwJ. mtu;fSila ghu;itapy; kfpo;r;rp vd;gJ mjpfgl;rkhd
Gyd;,d;gj;ij kdpjd; mile;Jnfhs;tJk;> mjw;F VJthf tho;iftrjpfis
ngw;Wf;nfhs;tJk;jhd;. ,jdbg;gilapy;> cyfgad;fis mWtil nra;a Ntz;Lk;
vd;w Mirapd; kPJ Nkw;fj;jpa ehfuPfk; fl;likf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. cyfgad;fisj;
jtpu NtWve;j xd;Wf;Fk; mq;fPfhuNkh my;yJ guprPyidNah nfhLg;gjw;F
Kfhe;jpuNk ,y;yhj tpjj;jpy;> mjd; tho;tpay; nrayhf;f mikg;Gfspd; msTNfhy;
mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Md;kPf tptfhuk; jdpkdpj mstpy; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;Ltpl;lJ.
r%f fl;likg;gpy; mjw;F ve;j jiyaPLk; fpilahJ. fpU];jt Njt
Myaj;jpw;Fs;Sk; mjd; kjFUkhu;fspd; iffSf;Fs;Sk; Md;kPf tptfhuq;fs;
Klf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd. ,jd;Kbthf> Nkw;fj;jpa ehfuPfj;jpy; ve;jtpjkhd
xOf;f khz;GfNsh my;yJ Md;kPf kw;Wk; kdpj Neagz;GfNsh fpilahJ. khwhf>
nghUspay;thj mbg;gil kl;LNk ,Uf;fpwJ. ,jd;fhuzkhf> kdpjNea
eltbf;iffs; murplkpUe;J gpupf;fg;gl;L> nrQ;rpYitrq;fk;(Redcross)>
kjg;gpur;rhuf;FOf;fs;(Missionaries) Nghd;w r%f mikg;Gfsplj;jpy; jQ;rk;
GFe;Jtpl;ld. nghUspay;thj mbg;gilapYs;s cyfgad;fs; ePq;fshf kw;w
midj;J khz;GfSk; tho;f;ifapypUe;J ePf;fg;gl;Ltpl;ld. ,t;thwhf> Nkw;fj;jpa
ehfuPfk; tho;tpaiyg;gw;wp ,j;jifa rpe;jidfisf; nfhz;ljhf ,Uf;fpwJ.
,];yhkpa ehfuPfj;ijg; nghUj;jtiu> mJ Nkw;fj;jpa ehfuPfk;
fl;likf;fg;gl;Ls;s mbg;gilf;F Kw;wpYk; Kuz;gl;l mbj;jsj;jpy;
fl;likf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjd; tho;tpay; fz;Nzhl;lKk;> kfpo;r;rp gw;wp mJ
nfhz;bUf;Fk; mu;j;jKk; Nkw;fj;jpa ehfuPfj;jpypUe;J Kw;wpYk; NtWgl;lJ.
my;yh`;(RG)tpd; kPJs;s ek;gpf;ifapd; mbg;gilapYk; mtd;(RG)> gpugQ;rk;> tho;T>
kdpjd; Mfpatw;wpw;F xU nrayhf;f mikg;ig (Nidam- System) mikj;jpUf;fpd;whd;
vd;w ek;gpf;if kPJk; ,];yhkpa ehfuPfk; epWtg;gl;Ls;sJ. mtd;(RG)> kdpj
Fyj;jpd; xNu khHf;fkhd ,];yhj;Jld; K`k;kJ(]y;) mtu;fis mDg;gp
,Uf;fpwhd;. ,jw;F nghUs; vd;dntd;why;> my;yh`;(RG) kPJk;> mtDila
kyf;Ffs; kPJk;> mtDilaNtjj;jpd; kPJk;> mtDila J}ju;fs; kPJk;> kWikehs;
kw;Wk; my;fjhty;fj;u; Mfpatw;wpd; kPJk; cs;s ek;gpf;ifia cs;slf;fpa
,];yhkpa mfPjhtpd; kPJjhd; ,];yhkpa ehfuPfk; epWtg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;gjhFk;.
MfNt> mfPjhjhd; ehfuPfj;jpd; mbj;jskhf ,Uf;fpwJ. ,jd;Kbthf> Md;kPf
mbg;gilkPJjhd; mjd;ehfuPfk; fl;likf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
,];yhkpa ehfuPfj;jpy; tho;f;ifKiw vd;gJ ,];yhkpa mfPjhtpypUe;J gpwf;Fk;
,];yhkpa jj;Jtj;ij mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lJ. mfPjhtpd; kPJjhd; tho;f;if
kw;Wk; mjd; nray;ghLfs; Mfpa ,uz;Lk; epu;khdpf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd. Md;khitAk;
(Spirit) ,aw;nghUl;fisAk; (Matter) xd;W fyf;ff;$bajhf ,e;j jj;Jtk; ,Uf;fpwJ.
mjhtJ m`;fhk; \upahtpdhy; kdpjdpd; nray;ghLfs; topelj;jg;gLk;
topKiwjhd; tho;f;ifapd; mbg;gilahf tpsq;FfpwJ. mNjNtisapy;> kdpjdpd;
nray;ghLfs; nghUspay;(Materialistic)mbg;gilapy; ,Uf;Fk; epiyapy;> mtd;
nray;ghLfis `uhk; `yhy; mbg;gilapy; Nkw;nfhs;Sk;NghJ> my;yh`;(RG)Tld;
mtDf;F ,Uf;Fk; cwit czHe;J nfhs;tJjhd; Md;kh (Spirit - RUH)
vdg;gLfpwJ. ,jd; nghUs; vd;dntdpy;> Md;khitAk; ,aw;nghUl;fisAk; xd;W
fyf;Fk; nray; Vw;gl;Ltpl;lJ vd;gjhFk;. ,jd;gb> my;yh`;(RG)tpd; Vty;
tpyf;fy; fl;lisfs; K];ypk;fspd; nray;ghLfis xOq;FgLj;JfpwJ.
my;yh`;(RG)tpd; Vty; tpyf;fy; fl;lisfSf;F ,zf;fkhf jd; nray;ghLfis
Nkw;nfhs;Sk; xU K];ypKila ,Wjp yl;rpak;> my;yh`;(RG)tpd; ctg;ig
va;JtNj my;yhky; cyfgad;fshf ,Uf;fKbahJ. vdpDk;> nray;ghLfis
Nkw;nfhs;Sk;NghJ cldbahf Njlg;gLtJ nghUspay; gadhf ,Uf;Fk;> mJ
nray;ghLfSf;F Vw;g khWgLk;. njhopy;JiwapNyh my;yJ tpahghuj;jpNyh
<Lgl;bUf;Fk; xUtupd; vz;zk; yhgk; <l;l Ntz;Lk; vd;w nghUspay; mbg;gilapy;
,Uf;fyhk;. MfNt mtUila tpahghuk; nghUspay; gad; (Meterialistic) rhu;e;j
nray;ghlhf ,Uf;fyhk;. my;yh`;(RG)tpd; ctg;ig va;jpLk; nghUl;L>
mtDila(RG) Vty; tpyf;fy; fl;lisfis gpd;gw;Wtjpd; %ykhf> mtDld;(RG)
mtUf;Fs;s cwit czu;e;J nfhs;Sk; tpjkhf mtu; mjpy; ,af;fg;gLfpwhu;. mNj
Ntisapy;> me;j nray;ghl;il Nkw;nfhs;tjd; %yk; mtu; mile;J nfhs;s
vz;zpa yhgk; nghUspay; gadhf ,Uf;fpwJ.
njhOif> ]fhj;> Nehd;G> `[; ahj;jpiu Nghd;w Md;kPfk; rhu;e;j gadhfTk;
mJ ,Uf;fyhk;> cz;ikia filgpbj;J Neu;ikahf ,Uj;jy;> ed;wp czu;it
ntspg;gLj;Jjy; Nghd;w xOf;f khz;Gfs; rhu;e;j gadhfTk; ,Uf;fyhk;> ePupy;
%o;f ,Uf;Fk; xUtiu fhg;ghw;Wjy; my;yJ ViofSf;F cjTjy; Nghd;w kdpj
Neak; rhu;e;j gadhfTk; ,Uf;fyhk;. kdpjd; jd; nray;ghl;il Nkw;nfhs;Sk;NghJ
,e;j gad;fis ftdj;jpy; nfhz;L mitfis mila vz;Zfpwhd;. vdpDk;>
kdpjdpd; nray;ghLfSf;F gpd;dzpapypUe;J mtid ,af;Fk; Mw;wy; ,e;j
gad;fshf ,y;iy> NkYk; mtd; Nehf;fkhf nfhz;l ,Wjp ,yl;rpakhfTk; mit
,y;iy. mitfs; nray;ghl;bd; gyd;fshf ,Uf;fpd;wd> NkYk; nray;ghl;bd;
jd;ikf;F Vw;g mit khWgLfpd;wd.
kfpo;r;rp vd;gJ my;yh`;(RG)tpd; ctg;ig va;JtNjad;wp> kdpjd; jd;
Njitfis G+u;j;jp nra;J nfhs;tjpy; ,y;iy. xUtd; jd;Dila tho;it
ghJfhj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhf cly;rhu;e;j NjitfisAk; (Organic Needs) cs;shu;e;j
czu;Tfspd; tpUg;gq;fisAk; (Instinctual Desire) epiwT nra;J nfhs;tJ mtrpakhd
tpjpKiwahf ,Uf;fpwJ. Mdhy;> ,itfis epiwT nra;J nfhs;tJ kl;Lk;
kfpo;r;rpf;F cj;jputhjk; mspf;fhJ. ,q;F njhFj;Jf; $w tpUk;Gk; RUf;fkhd
fUj;J ahnjdpy;: tho;tpay; gw;wpa ,];yhj;jpd; fz;Nzhl;lk; ,Jjhd;> ,e;j
fz;Nzhl;lk;jhd; ,];yhkpa ehfuPfj;jpd; mbg;gil. xt;nthU mk;rj;jpYk;
Nkw;fj;jpa ehfuPfk; ,];yhkpa ehfuPfj;jpypUe;J Kuz;gLfpwJ vd;gJ njspthd
tp\ak;. ,];yhkpa ehfuPfj;jpd; tpisthf cUthFk; nghUspay; Kd;Ndw;wj;jpd;
mbg;gilapYs;s Fwpg;gpl;l nghUl;fs; ,];yhj;jpw;F kl;Lk; gpuj;jpNahfkhf cupait.
Nkw;fj;jpa ehfuPfj;jpd; tpisthf cUthFk; nghUspay; Kd;Ndw;w mbg;gilapYs;s
nghUl;fNshL mit Kuz;gLtjhf ,Uf;fpd;wd. cjhuzkhf xU epow;glk;
(Photograph) vd;gJ nghUspay; Kd;Ndw;wj;jpd; tpisthf cUthd nghUshFk;
(Madaniyya Objects). xU ngz;zpd; cly; moif ntspg;gLj;Jk; epu;thd epow;glj;ij
Nkw;fj;jpa ehfuPfk; xU fiy mk;rkhf fUJfpwJ. me;j epow;glk; Nkw;fj;jpa
ehfuPfj;jpd; tpisthf cUthfpa nghUspay; Kd;Ndw;wj;jpd; Fwpg;gpl;l nghUshf
,Uf;fpwJ. NkYk; mJ ngz;fisg; nghUj;j tho;f;if fz;Nzhl;lkhfTk;
,Uf;fpwJ. MfNt Nkw;fj;jpa r%fj;ijr; rhu;e;j xU kdpjd; mij fiy mk;rkhf
fUJfpwhd;. mjpy; ngUik ghuhl;Lfpwhd;. vdpDk;> ,e;j nghUs; ,];yhkpa
ehfuPfj;jpw;Fk;> vitfis ngz;fspd; fTutk; vd;W fUjp mtw;iw ghJfhf;f
Ntz;Lk; vd;W ,];yhk; fUJfpwNjh mj;jifa rpe;jidfSf;Fk; Kuz;gLtjhf
,Uf;fpwJ. ,jd;Kbthf> ,j;jifa epow;glq;fs; jil nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;W
,];yhk; fl;lisapLfpwJ> Vnddpy; mit ghypay; Ntl;ifia J}z;lf;$bajhf
,Uf;fpd;wd. ,jd; tpisthf r%fj;jpd; xOf;f khz;Gfs; jsu;e;J Nghtjw;F
,it cldb fhuzq;fshfTk; ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,JNghyNt> tPL vd;gJ kw;nwhU
nghUspay; Kd;Ndw;wk; rhu;e;j nghUshf ,Uf;fpwJ. xU K];ypk; jdf;F tPL fl;l
vz;Zk; NghJ ntspapy; ,Ug;gtu;fSf;F tPl;bdpy; ,Uf;Fk; ngz;fs; njupahj
tifapy; tPl;bd; mikg;G ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gjpy; mtu; ftdk; nrYj;Jthu;.
,jdbg;gilapy; mtH tPl;ilr; Rw;wp kjpy; Rtu; vOg;Gfpwhu;. Mdhy; Nkw;fj;jpau;fs;
,jpy; ftdk; nrYj;Jtjpy;iy. Nkw;fj;jpa ehfuPfj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; cUthd
nghUspay; Kd;Ndw;wk; rhu;e;j midj;J nghUl;fSf;Fk; ,J nghUe;Jk;.
cjhuzkhf cUt rpiyfis $wyhk;. ,J NghyNt epuhfupg;gtu;fspd;
gpuj;jpNahfkhd Milfis mzptJ K];ypk;fSf;F jil nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.
Vnddpy; mitfs; tho;f;ifiag; gw;wpa xU Fwpg;gpl;l fz;Nzhl;lj;ijg;
ngw;wpUf;fpd;wd. vdpDk; ,ju Milfis mzptjw;F jilapy;iy. cjhuzkhf>
Njitf;fhf mzpAk; Milfs; kw;Wk; mo$l;Lk; Milfs;. ,itfspy; F/g;u;
mk;rq;fs; ,y;iynadpy; mtw;iw mzpayhk;> mitfs; nghJthd nghUl;fshFk;>
mtw;iw cgNahfpg;gjw;F K];ypk;fSf;F mDkjp cz;L.
mwptpay; kw;Wk; njhopw;rhiyfs; Mfpaitfs; %ykhf cUthf;fg;gl;l
gupNrhjidf;$l cgfuzq;fs;> kUj;Jtj;Jiw kw;Wk; njhopw;Jiw fUtpfs;> tPl;L
cgNahf nghUl;fs; Mfpa nghUspay; Kd;Ndw;wk; rhu;e;j nghUl;fspy;
nghJthditfshFk;. ehfuPfj;jpd; tpisthf cUthfhjJk;> mjNdhL njhlu;G
,y;yhjJkhd ,j;jifa nghUl;fis cgNahfpg;gjw;F K];ypk;fSf;F mDkjp
cz;L.
,d;iwa cyif Mjpf;fk; nrYj;jpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; Nkw;fj;jpa ehfuPfj;ij
NkNyhl;lkhf ghu;itapl;lhNy> kdpjdpd; kdmikjpf;F mjdhy; cj;jputhjk;
mspf;f KbahJ vd;gJ njspthf tpsq;Fk;. ,jw;F khw;wkhf> kdpj r%fj;jpy;
Mokhf ,lk;ngw;Ws;s Jd;gj;jpw;Fk; Jauj;jpw;Fk; mJNt fhuzkhfTk; ,Uf;fpwJ.
tho;tpaypypUe;J khu;f;fj;ijg; gpupg;gij mbg;gilahf Vw;Ws;s ,e;j ehfuPfk;>
kdpjdpd; ,aw;if jd;ikf;F Kuz;gLfpwJ. MfNt r%fj;jpy; Md;kPf
tp\aq;fSf;F mJ Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLg;gjpy;iy. tho;f;ifia cyfyhgq;fspd;
njhFg;ghf mJ fUJfpwJ> cyfyhgq;fis miltJjhd; kdpju;fSf;fpilapYs;s
cwtpd; mbg;gilahf mJ fUJfpwJ. vdNt> Xahj Jd;gj;ijAk;
kdg;Nghuhl;lq;fisAk; mJ cUthf;Ffpd;wJ. tho;tpd; mbg;gilahf
cyfyhgq;fs; fUjg;gLk;tiu mjw;fhd Nghuhl;lKk; ,ay;ghf $LjyhfNt
,Uf;Fk;> NkYk; kdpju;fs; kj;jpapy; cwit epiygLj;Jk; Mw;wy;fs; kPJ ek;gpf;if
itg;gJk; ,ay;ghdNj. vdNt ,e;j ehfuPfj;ij gpd;gw;Wfpwtu;fSf;F
fhydpahjpf;f rpe;jid Vw;gLtJ ,ay;ghd tp\akhFk;. Vnddpy; tho;f;ifapd;
mbg;gilahf cyfgad;fs; kl;LNk ,lk;ngw;wpUf;fpd;wd. mq;F ve;j tifahd
xOf;f khz;GfSf;Fk; ,lk; fpilahJ. Mifahy;> Md;kPf khz;Gfs;
cjhrPdg;gLj;jg;gl;l mNj topay;> ve;j tifahd xOf;f khz;GfSk; me;j
r%fj;jpy; kq;fpg;NghtJ ,aw;ifahd epfo;Tjhd;. vdNt Nghl;b> Nghuhl;lk;>
Mf;fpukpg;G> fhydpahjpf;fk; Mfpatw;wpd; kPJ tho;T epWtg;gl;Ls;sJ. kf;fsplk;
Md;kPf neUf;fb Vw;gl;ljpd; fhuzkhf Xahj kdg;Nghuhl;lk; Vw;gl;Ltpl;lJ.
,jdhy; cyfk; KOtjpYk; gutyhf jPik tpise;jpUg;gJ Nkw;fj;jpa ehfuPfk;
Vw;gLj;jpapUf;fpd;w jPa tpisTfshf ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,jdhy; kdpj r%fk; fLk;
NfhgKw;W ,jd;kPJ Fw;wk; rhl;Lk; tifapy; epiyik ,Uf;fpwJ. cyfpy; ,e;j
ehfuPfk; Mjpf;fk; nrYj;jpf; nfhz;bUg;gjd; fhuzkhf mopit nfhz;LtUk; gy
tpisTfis Nehf;fp kdpj r%fk; nrd;W nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. Kbthf kdpj tu;f;fk;
nray;gLjtw;F ,d;W kpfg;ngupa Mgj;J Vw;gl;bUf;fpwJ.
fp.gp. Vohk; E}w;whz;bypUe;J fp.gp. gjpndl;lhk; E}w;whz;L tiu cyfpy;
Mjpf;fk; ngw;wpUe;j ,];yhkpa ehfuPfj;ij Ma;T nra;Ak; gl;rj;jpy;> mJ fhydp
Mjpf;f nfhs;ifia xUNghJk; nfhz;ljhf ,Uf;ftpy;iy. cz;ikapy;
,];yhj;jpd; nfhs;iff;F fhydp Mjpf;fk; me;epakhdJ. Vnddpy;> K];ypk;fSf;Fk;
kw;wtu;fSf;Fk; ,ilapy; ve;jtpj NtWghl;ilAk; ,];yhk; fhl;Ltjpy;iy. vdNt>
mjd; neba Ml;rpfhyk; KOtJk;> jq;fis mjdplk; xg;gilj;Jf; nfhz;l kf;fs;
midtUf;Fk; ePjj;ij ngw;Wj; je;jpUf;fpwJ. ,J Vnddpy;> Md;kPf mbg;gil
kPJ fl;likf;fg;gl;Ls;s ehfuPfkhf mJ ,Uf;fpwJ vd;gJjhd;. nghUspay;>
Md;kPfk;> xOf;f khz;Gfs; kw;Wk; kdpj Neak; Mfpa midj;J kjpg;gPLfisAk; mJ
epiwT nra;fpwJ. tho;tpaypy; mfPjhtpw;F cr;rfl;lkhd Kf;fpaj;Jtk;
mspf;fg;gLfpwJ. my;yh`;(RG)tpd; Vty; tpyf;fy; fl;lisfspdhy; tho;f;if
fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ vd;gJ njspthf tpsf;fg;gLfpwJ. kfpo;r;rp vd;gJ Kw;wpYk;
my;yh`;(RG)tpd; ctg;ig mile;J nfhs;tJjhd; vd ,];yhk; fUJfpwJ.
fle;j fhyq;fs; Nghy kWKiwAk; ,];yhkpa ehfuPfk; Mjpf;fk; nrYj;Jk;
gl;rj;jpy;> ,d;W cyfk; vjpu;nfhz;Ls;s neUf;fbfSf;F jPu;T toq;Fk; vd;gjw;F
cj;jputhjk; cz;L> NkYk; kdpj tu;f;fk; KOikf;Fk; mJ ed;ikia ngw;Wj;
jUk; vd;gjpy; Iakpy;iy.
`{Fk; \upah
Hukm Shar’ai
tpjp (Article):1
,];yhkpa mfPjhjhd; ,];yhkpa murpd; mbj;jsk;. murpd;
mikg;GfspYk;(Govt.structure)> murpd; nray;ghl;ilj; jl;bf; Nfl;Fk; KiwfspYk;
(Accountability) my;yJ muNrhL njhlu;Gila ve;j tp\aj;jpYk; ,];yhj;jpd; mfPjhit
Mjhukhf nfhs;shj vJTk; ,Ug;gjw;F mDkjpapy;iy. NkYk; murhizfSf;Fk;>
murpay; rhrdj;jpw;Fk; mfPjhjhd; Mjhu%ykhf(Source),Uf;Fk;. murpay; rhrdk;
kw;Wk; murhiz ,itfNshL njhlu;Gila ve;j xd;Wk; ,];yhkpa mfPjhtpypUe;J
gpwf;fhjgl;rj;jpy;> mJ ,Ug;gjw;F mDkjpapy;iy.
tpjp 2:
jhUy;,];yhk;(,];yhkpagpuNjrk;-Dar-al-Islam)vd;gJ kdpjtho;tpaypy; ,];yhj;jpd;
rl;lq;fis KSikahf eilKiwg;gLj;Jk; xU mikg;ghFk;. mjd; ghJfhg;ig
K];ypk;fs; epiyepWj;Jfpwhu;fs;. jhUy;F/g;H(Dar-al-Kufr-epuhfupg;Gg;gpuNjrk;)vd;gJ
F/g;u; rl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;Jk; xU mikg;ghFk;> mjd; ghJfhg;ig
epuhfupg;gtu;fs; (Kuffar) epiy epWj;Jfpwhu;fs;.
tpjp 3:
,iwrl;lkhd m`;fhk; \upahit Vw;Wmkyhf;fk;(Adoption)nra;tjw;F fyP/gh
mjpfhuk; ngw;wtuhthu;. mit murpay; rhrdkhfTk;> murhizfshfTk; kf;fsplk;
eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLk;. fyP/gh xU `{Fk; \upahit Vw;W mky;gLj;jptpl;lhy;
gpwF me;j rl;lk; kl;Lk;jhd; ,iwrl;lkhf ,Uf;Fk;. mij kf;fs; Vw;Wf;nfhz;L
eilKiwg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. xt;nthU FbkfDk; ntspg;gilahfTk; kiwKfkhfTk;
me;j rl;lj;jpw;F fPo;gba Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 4:
[p`hj;> ]fhj; Mfpait njhlu;Gilatw;wpy; my;yhJ NtW ve;j ,ghjj;fspYk;
fyP/gh ,iwrl;lq;fis Vw;Wmkyhf;fk;(Adoption) nra;akhl;lhu;. NkYk; ,];yhkpa
mfPjhtpw;F njhlu;Gila ve;j rpe;jidfisAk; mtu; Vw;Wmkyhf;fk; nra;akhl;lhu;.
tpjp 5:
,];yhkpa murpd; midj;J Fbkf;fSk; ,iwtdpd; cupikfisAk;>
flikfisAk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;F cupik ngw;wtu;fs;.
tpjp 6:
kjk;> ,dk;> epwk; my;yJ NtW ve;j tp\aq;fspYk; ve;j NtWghLkpd;wp
midj;J Fbkf;fSk; rkkhf elj;jg;gLthu;fs;. Ml;rpmikg;G> ePjp epu;thfk;
my;yJ kf;fs; eyg;gzp Mfpa midj;J tp\aq;fspYk; Fbkf;fsplk; Ntw;Wik
ghuhl;LtjpypUe;J muR jLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
tpjp 7:
FbAupik ngw;w midj;J Fbkf;fs; kPJk; ,iwrl;lk;(Ahkam Shari’ah)
eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLk;. mtu;fs; K];ypk;fshf ,Ue;jhYk;> ,y;yhtpl;lhYk; rupNa.
fPo;fz;l Kiwapy; ,J epiwNtw;wg;gLk;>
K];ypk;fs; midtu;kPJk; tpjptpyf;fpd;wp KOikahf ,iwrl;lk; (Ahkam Shari’ah)
(i)
eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLk;.
K];ypk;
(ii) my;yhjtu;fs; jq;fs; nrhe;j ek;gpf;iffisAk;> tzf;f
topghLfisAk; gpd;gw;wpf; nfhs;syhk;.
,];yhj;jpypUe;J ntspNawpatu;fs; (Murtad) mtu;fs; jhq;fshf ntspNawp
(iii)
,Uf;Fk;gl;rj;jpy; ,];yhj;jpd; rl;lq;fspd;gb jz;bf;fg;gLthu;fs;. mtu;fs; K];ypk;
my;yhjtu;fshf gpwe;jpUe;jhy;> mjhtJ> mtu;fs; ,];yhj;ij tpl;L
ntspNawpatu;fspd; kfdhf ,Ue;jhy;> mtu;fs; K];ypk; my;yhjtu;fshf
fUjg;gLthu;fs;> ,izitg;gtu;fshfNth my;yJ Ntjf;fhuu;fshfNth mtu;fspd;
me;j];jpd; mbg;gilapy; elj;jg;gLthu;fs;.
czT kw;Wk; cil tp\aj;jpy; K];ypk; my;yhjtu;fs; m`;fhk; \upahtpd;
(iv)
tuk;GfSf;F cl;gl;L mtu;fspd; kjek;gpf;ifapd; mbg;gilapy;
mDkjpf;fg;gLthu;fs;.
(v) K];ypk; my;yhjtu;fs; tp\aj;jpy; jpUkzk; kw;Wk; tpthfuj;J tptfhuq;fs;
mtu;fspd; kjj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; jPu;khdpf;fg;gLk;. Mdhy; K];ypk;fSf;Fk;> K];ypk;
my;yhjtu;fSf;Fk; ,ilapy; ,Ue;jhy; m`;fhk; \upahtpd;gb jPu;khdpf;fg;gLk;.
kw;w vy;yh \upah tp\aq;fSk;> nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;> jz;lid> (ePjpkd;w)
(vi)
rhl;rpak;> Ml;rpmikg;G> nghUshjhuk; Mfpatw;wpd; rl;lq;fs; midj;Jkf;fs; kPJk;
xNu khjpupahf eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLk;. ,jpy; cld;gbf;if nra;Js;stu;fs;>
ghJfhg;G ngw;wFbfs;> MfpNahHkPJ ,];yhj;jpd; Fbkf;fs; kPJ rl;lq;fs;
eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLtJ NghyNt eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLk;. muRKiw gpujpepjpfSk;>
muRKiw J}ju;fSk; muRKiw (Diplomatic) ghJfhg;ig ngw;Wf; nfhs;thu;fs;.
tpjp 8:
,];yhj;jpd; nkhop mugpahFk;. NkYk; mJNt murpd; KOKjy; nkhopahFk;.
tpjp 9:
,];yhkpa rl;lj;ij ahg;gjw;F jdpkdpjd; Nkw;nfhs;Sk; fLk; Kaw;rpahd
,[;jp`hj;(Ijtihad)vd;gJ gu;Js;fp/ghahthFk;($l;Lf;flik-Fardkifayah). xt;nthU
K];ypKf;Fk;> mtu; jFe;j jpwd; ngw;wtuha; ,Ug;gpd;> ,[;jp`hj; Nkw;nfhs;Sk;
cupik cz;L.
tpjp 10:
xt;nthU K];ypKf;Fk; ,];yj;jpy; nghWg;Gfs; cz;L. vdNt kjFU my;yJ
kjNghjfu; vd;w xUtu; ,];yhj;jpy; fpilahJ. K];ypk;fsplj;jpy; kj GNuhfpjj;jpd;
milahsk; VJk; njd;gl;lhy; mij muR jil nra;Ak;.
tpjp 11:
murpd; gpujhd nray;ghL ,];yhkpa miog;Gg;gzpia(Da’wah) gpur;rhuj;jpd;
thapyhf Nkw;nfhs;tjhFk;.
tpjp 12:
m`;fhk; \upahthd ,iwrl;lq;fSf;F xNu Mjhu %ykhf fUjg;gLgit:
Fu;Md;> Rd;dh> ,[;khm];]`hgh kw;Wk; fpah];(xg;GNehf;Fjy;-Analogy)
MfpaitahFk;. ,e;j Mjhuq;fisj; jtpu;j;J NtW vJTk; rl;lk; ahg;gjw;F
vLj;Jf; nfhs;sg;gl khl;lhJ.
tpjp 13:
xt;nthU egUk; mtu; kPJs;s Fw;wk; ep&gpf;fg;glhjtiuapy; Fw;wkw;wtuhfNt
fUjg;gLthu;. ePjpkd;w jPu;g;G ,y;yhky; ve;j egUk; jz;bf;fg;gl khl;lhu;.
(Innocent)
rpj;jputij mwNt jLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. vtu; kPJk; rpj;jputijia Nkw;nfhs;gtu;
jz;bf;fg;gLthu;.
tpjp 14:
midj;J kdpj nray;ghLfSk; mbg;gilapNyNa ,iwrl;lq;fshy; (Ahkam Shari’ah)
fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLk;. mjd; rl;lk; mwpag;glhj epiyapy; ve;j nray;ghLk;
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl khl;lhJ. jil nra;ag;gl;l Mjhuk; vJTk; ,y;yhjtiu xt;nthU
nghUSk; mDkjpf;fg;gl;lJjhd;> mjhtJ `yhy;jhd;.
tpjp 15:
jilnra;ag;gl;l(haram) tp\aj;ij Nehf;fp ,l;Lr;nry;Yk; ve;j rhjdKk;(means)
jil nra;ag;gl;lJjhd;> vdpDk;> ,j;jifa tp\aq;fs;> ntWk; A+fj;jpd;
mbg;gilapYs;s mr;rj;jpdhy; kl;Lk; Vw;gl;lhy;> mJ jilnra;ag;gl khl;lhJ.
tpjp 16:
murpd; Ml;rp mikg;G (Ruling System) Xu; mLf;F Ml;rp mikg;ghf ,Uf;Fk;.
$l;lhl;rp (Federalsystem) Kiwahf ,Uf;fhJ.
tpjp 17:
Ml;rpapd; mjpfhuk; ikag;gLj;jg;gl;bUf;Fk; (Centralised). epu;thf mjpfhuk;
gutyhf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; (Decentralised).
tpjp 18:
murpd; Ml;rp mjpfhuk; ehd;F eguplk; epiy nfhz;bUf;Fk;;: mtu;fs; KiwNa:
fyP/gh> fyP/ghtpd; Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsu; (Moaawin tafweed-Delicated Assistant)
khfhzMSdu;(Wali)khtl;lMl;rpahsH kw;Wk; khefuhl;rpj;jiytu;(Mkpy;- A’mil)
MfpNahuhthu;. kw;w murpd; mYtyu;fs; midtUk; gzpahsu;fNs jtpu
Ml;rpahsu;fs; my;yu;.
tpjp 19:
fPo;fz;l mbg;gil jFjpapy;yhj vtUk; Ml;rp mjpfhuj;ij Nkw;nfhs;tjw;Nfh
my;yJ Ml;rp mjpfhuj; jd;ikNahL $ba vj;jifa eltbf;iffisAk;
Nkw;nfhs;tjw;Nfh mDkjpf;fg;gl khl;lhu;. Ml;rp nghWg;Gf;F tUgtu; Rje;jpukhd
MzhfTk; taJ te;jtuhfTk; (Mature) Gj;jpRthjPdk; cs;stuhfTk; (Sane)
ek;gpf;iff;F cupatuhfTk; (a’dl) jpwd; gilj;jtuhfTk; K];ypkhfTk;
(Competent)
,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 20:
Ml;rpahsu;fis> mtu;fSila nray;ghLfs; Fwpj;J jl;bf;Nfl;gJ (Accountability)
K];ypk;fspd; cupikahFk;> NkYk;> mJ mtu;fs; kPJs;s $l;Lf;
flikahfTk;(Fardkifayah),Uf;fpwJ. K];ypky;yhjtu;fs; kPJ ,];yhkpa rl;lq;fis
jtwhf gpuNahfg;gLj;jpdhNyh> my;yJ Ml;rpahsu;fs; mtu;fs; kPJ mePjk;
Gupe;jhNyh> mit Fwpj;J gfpuq;fkhf Gfhu; nra;tjw;F mtu;fSf;F cupik cz;L.
tpjp 21:
Ml;rpahsu;fis jl;bf; Nfl;gjw;fhfTk;> Ml;rp nghWg;Gf;F tUtjw;fhfTk;
murpay; fl;rpfis epWtpf; nfhs;tjw;F midj;J K];ypk;fSf;Fk; cupikAz;L.
,ij ck;khtpypUe;J mtu;fs; mikj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,];yhkpa mfPjhtpd;
mbg;gilapYk;> mtu;fs; Vw;Wf;nfhz;l rl;lq;fs; m`;fhk; \upahthf ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk; vd;w epge;jidapd; mbg;gilapYk; ,e;j cupik toq;fg;gLfpwJ.
,j;jifa murpay; fl;rpfis epWTtjw;F murpd; mq;fPfhuk; vJTk; Njitapy;iy.
,];yhj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; epWtg;glhj fl;rpfs; jil nra;ag;gLk;.
tpjp 22:
ehd;F tpjpKiwfspd;(Principles)mbg;gilapy; Ml;rp mikg;G epWtg;gl;bUf;fpwJ>
mitfs;:
1) ,iwahz;ik (Siyadah - Sovereignty) m`;fhk; \upahtpw;FupaJ. mJ kf;fSf;F
cupajy;y.
2) mjpfhuk; (Authority) K];ypk; ck;khtpw;FupaJ.
3) fyP/ghit Ml;rp nghWg;Gf;F epakzk; nra;tJ midj;J K];ypk;fs; kPJs;s
flikahFk;.
4) fyP/ghTf;F kl;Lk;jhd; ,iwrl;lq;fshd m`;fhk; \upahit
Vw;Wmkyhf;fk;(Adoption)nra;Ak; mjpfhuk; ,Uf;fpwJ. vdNt murpay; rhrdj;ijAk;
murhizfisAk; mtu; nfhz;LtUthu;.
tpjp 23:
murpd; nrayhf;f mikg;G (State Systems) vl;L mLf;Ffshf mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
1) fyP/gh
2) Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsu; (Mua’win at tafweeD - Delecated Assistant)
6) ePjpgjpfs; (MaDaalim)
fyP/gh - Khaleefah
tpjp 24:
fyP/gh vd;gtu; ,iwrl;lq;fis (Ahkam Shari’ah) nray;gLj;Jtjw;fhf K];ypk;
ck;khtpdhy; mjpfhuj;jpw;F epakdk; nra;ag;gLgtuhthu;.
tpjp 25:
fpyh/gj;(Khilafah)vd;gJ NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;L gpwF Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gLk; xU
xg;ge;jkhFk;. xU Fwpg;gpl;l egH kl;Lk; mij Vw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;Nfh my;yJ
xUFwpg;gpl;l egiukl;Lk; NjHe;njLg;gjw;Nfh vtUk; fl;lisaplg;gltpy;iy.
tpjp 26:
Gj;jp RthjPdKs;s xt;nthU MZf;Fk;; ngz;Zf;Fk; fyP/ghit Nju;e;njLf;Fk;
Nju;jypy; fye;J nfhs;tjw;Fk;> igmj; nfhLg;gjw;Fk; cupikAz;L. K];ypk;
my;yhjtu;fSf;F ,t;tp\aj;jpy; ve;j cupikAk; ,y;iy.
tpjp 27:
igmj;; nfhLf;f Ntz;batu; rl;l uPjpahf mij epiwNtw;wp fyP/ghtpw;Fupa
xg;ge;jk; xU Fwpg;gpl;l egu; kPJ KbT nra;ag;gl;Ltpl;lhy;> gpwF vQ;rpAs;s
kf;fspd; igmj; vd;gJ fPo;gba Ntz;ba igmj;jhNd jtpu xg;ge;jj;Jf;Fupa
igmj; my;y. ,jd;Kbthf> fPo;gba kWg;gtu;fSk; vjpu;j;J fyfk; nra;gtu;fSk;
fl;lhakhf igmj; nra;a Ntz;baJ flikahFk;.
tpjp 28:
K];ypk;fs; epakdk; nra;ahky; xUtUk; fyP/ghthf Mf KbahJ.
xg;ge;jj;Jf;Fupa ,];yhkpa tpjpapd;gb rl;luPjpahd Kiwapy; my;yhJ xUtUk;
fyP/ghtpd; mjpfhuj;ij ifg;gw;w ,ayhJ.
tpjp 29:
fyP/ghTf;F xg;ge;j igmj; nfhLf;f xU ehL tpUk;Gk; gl;rj;jpy;> mjw;F Ra
epu;da mjpfhuk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j tpjp K];ypk;fisg; nghWj;jNj jtpu F/g;H
muRf;F nghUe;jhJ. me;ehl;bYs;s K];ypk;fspd; cs;ehl;L kw;Wk; ntspehl;L
ghJfhg;G Mfpait ,];yhj;jpd; ghJfhtypy; ,Uf;f Ntz;LNk jtpu F/g;ghu;fspd;
ghJfhtypy; my;y.
fPo;gbAk; igmj;ij nghUj;jtiu mJ ,j;jifa epge;jidfs; VJkpd;wp ve;j
ehl;blKk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gLk;.
tpjp 30:
fyP/ghTf;F igmj; nfhLf;f Ntz;batu;fs; Nju;T epge;jidia
epiwNtw;whtpl;lhYk;> xg;ge;j epge;jidia epiwNtw;w Ntz;Lk;. Vnddpy; xg;ge;j
epge;jidjhd; Kf;fpakhdJ.
tpjp 31:
fpyh/gj; xg;ge;jk; epiwNtw;wg;gl;L fyP/ghthf Nju;T nra;ag;gLtUf;F VO
epge;jidfs; cz;L. mit: mtu; MzhfTk;> K];ypkhfTk;>Rje;jpukhdtuhfTk;>
taJ te;jtuhfTk;> Gj;jp RthjPdKs;stuhfTk;> ek;gpf;iff;FupatuhfTk;(a’dl)>
jpwd; cs;stuhfTk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gJjhd;.
tpjp 32:
kuzj;jpd; fhuj;jpdhNyh my;yJ gjtpia uh[pdhkh nra;jjpd; fhuzj;jpdhNyh
my;yJ gjtp ePf;fk; nra;ag;gLtjpd; fhuzj;jpdhNyh> fyP/gh gjtp fhypahf
,Uf;Fk;gl;rj;jpy;> fhypahd Njjpapd; ,uT cl;gl %d;W ehl;fSf;Fs; Gjpa
fyP/ghtpd; epakdk; KbT nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 33:
fPo;fz;l Kiwapd;gb fyP/gh epakpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
i) Nghl;bapLk; Ntl;ghsu; gl;baiy k[;yp]; ck;khtpd; K];ypk; cWg;gpdu;fs; jahu;
nra;thu;fs;. Ntl;ghsu;fs; ngau;fs; mLj;j fl;lkhf mwptpg;G nra;ag;gLk;. mtu;fspy;
xUtiu K];ypk;fs; Nju;T nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
Nju;jypd; KbT mwptpf;fg;gl;L ngUk;ghd;ik MjuT ngw;w egUila ngau;
(ii)
K];ypk;fSf;F mwptpf;fg;gLk;.
ngUk;ghd;ik MjuT ngw;w egUf;F> Fu;MidAk; Rd;dhitAk; mtu; gpd;gw;w
(iii)
Ntz;Lk; vd;w epge;jidAld;> Jupjkhf K];ypk;fs; igmj; nra;J fyP/ghthf
Vw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
(iv) igmj; nra;J Kbe;j gpd;du;> fyP/ghthf Nju;e;njLf;fg;gl;ltupd; ngaNuhL
mtu; fyP/gh gjtpia tfpg;gjw;F Njitahd midj;J xg;ge;j epge;jidfSf;Fk;
jFjp ngw;wpUf;fpwhu; vd;w mwptpg;NghL> mtUila epakdj;ijg; gw;wpa nra;jp KO
ck;khitAk; milAk; tz;zk; kf;fSf;F mwptpg;G nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 34:
fyP/ghit epakpf;Fk; mjpfhuk; ck;khitr; rhu;e;jJ> Mdhy; rl;lg;G+u;tkhd
xg;ge;jigmj;ij mtu; ngw;W tpl;lgpwF> mtiu gjtp ePf;fk; nra;Ak; cupik
ck;khTf;F fpilahJ.
tpjp 35:
fyP/ghjhd; muR> murpd; nray;ghLfspy; midj;J mjpfhuq;fisAk; mtu;
ngw;Ws;shu;> fPo;fz;l mjpfhuq;fis mtu; ngw;Ws;shu;.
(i) jhd; Vw;Wmkyhf;fk; nra;j m`;fhk; \upahit fyP/gh clNd rl;lkhf
nfhz;L tUthu;. mjd;gbNa mitfs; murhizfshf cUthfptpLk;. mtw;wpw;F
kf;fs; fPo;gba Ntz;Lk;> mtw;iw kf;fs; kPwf;$lhJ.
murpd; cs;ehl;L kw;Wk; ntspehl;Lf; nfhs;iffSf;F fyP/ghNt nghWg;ghsu;
(ii)
Mthu;. mtu; ,uhZtj;jpd; jiyikiaAk; Vw;Ws;shu;. NkYk; Aj;j mwptpg;G
nra;aTk;> Nghu; epWj;jj;ij mwptpf;fTk;> jw;fhypf Nghu; epWj;jk; nra;aTk;>
cld;gbf;iffis Vw;gLj;jTk; mtu; mjpfhuk; ngw;wpUf;fpwhu;.
(iii) ntspehl;L
J}Jtu;fis Vw;Wf; nfhs;sTk; epuhfupf;fTk; fyP/ghTf;F mjpfhuk;
,Uf;fpwJ. NkYk; K];ypk; muR J}ju;fis epakpf;fTk; ePf;fTk; mtUf;F mjpfhuk;
,Uf;fpwJ.
(iv) cjtpahsu;fisAk;> MSdu;fisAk;; epakdk; nra;tjwFk;> gjtp ePf;fk;
nra;tjw;Fk;; fyP/gh mjpfhuk; ngw;Ws;shH. cjtpahsu;fSk;> MSdu;fSk;
fyP/ghtpw;Fk; k[;yp]; my; ck;khtpw;Fk; nghWg;ghdtu;fs;.
(v) jiyik ePjpgjpiaAk;> muRj; Jiwapd; ,af;Fdu;fisAk;> MAjg;gil
jiytiuAk;> ,uhZt mjpfhupfisAk;(Militery Generals) fyP/ghjhd; epakdk;
nra;fpwhu;> kw;Wk; gjtp ePf;fk; nra;fpwhu;. ,tu;fs; midtUk; fyP/ghtpw;Fk; k[;yp];
my;ck;khtpw;Fk; nghWg;ghdtu;fs;.
murpd; tuT nryT jpl;lj;ij (Budget) cUthf;Fk; m`;fhk; \upahit
(vi)
fyP/ghNt Vw;Wmkyhf;fk; nra;fpwhu;. mjd; gpupTfisAk;> xt;nthU JiwfSf;Fk;
cupa epjpiaAk;> mit tUthNahL njhlu;G cilajhf ,Ue;jhYk; my;yJ
nrytpdj;NjhL njhlu;Gilajhf ,Ue;jhYk;> fyP/ghNt KbT nra;fpwhu;.
tpjp 36:
rl;lVw;Gmkyhf;fq;fspy;(Adoption of divinerule)m`;fhk;\upahtpdhy; fyP/gh
fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLfpwhu;. ,iw ntspg;ghl;bd; (t`P - Revealation) Mjhuq;fspypUe;J
cWjpahd Kiwapy; nfhz;L tug;glhj rl;lq;fis Vw;W mkyhf;fk; nra;tjpypUe;J
mtu; jLf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwhu;. mtu; Vw;Wmkyhf;fk; nra;Ak; rl;lq;fisg; nghUj;Jk;>
rl;lk; ahg;gjw;F Nju;T nra;Ak; topKiwfisg; nghUj;Jk;> fyP/gh> m`;fhk;
\upahtpdhy; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLfpwhu;. ,jdbg;gilapy;> mtu;
Vw;Wf;nfhz;ltopKiwf;F(Method)khw;wkhd topKiwapypUe;J ngwg;gl;l rl;lq;fis
Vw;Wmky;gLj;JtjpypUe;J mtu; jLf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwhu;. mtu; Vw;Wmky;gLj;jpa
rl;lq;fNshL Kuz;gLk; ve;j fl;lisfisAk; mtu; eilKiwg;gLjf;$lhJ.
tpjp 37:
Fbkf;fs; tptfhuq;fis jk; nrhe;j ,[;jp`hjpd;gb ifahs;tjw;F fyP/ghtpw;F
KO cupikAz;L. MfNt muR tptfhuq;fis elj;jpr; nry;tjw;Fk;> Fbkf;fspd;
tptfhuq;fis elj;jpr; nry;tjw;Fk;> mtUf;F Njitg;gLk; mDkjpf;fg;gl;l
tp\aq;fs;(Mubah-Kgh`;)vijAk; Vw;Wmky;gLj;Jtjw;F mtUf;F cupikAz;L.
vdpDk; kf;fs; eyd; vd;w ngaupy; m`;fhk; \upahtpw;F ,zf;fkpy;yhjij
Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F mtUf;F mDkjpapy;iy. Cjhuzkhf> czTg; nghUl;fs;
gw;whf;Fiw vd;w fhuzj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; ve;j FLk;gj;ijAk; xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l
Foe;ijfis ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjpypUe;J mtu; jLf;f ,ayhJ> my;yJ tpiythrp
njhlu;ghd rl;lk; jtwhf gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;w fhuzj;jhy; tpiythrpia mtu;
epu;dak; nra;a KbahJ> my;yJ nghJkf;fs; eyDf;fhf tptfhuq;fis
xOq;FgLj;Jtjw;fhf \upahtpw;F Kuz;gLfpd;wtpjj;jpy; xUfh/gpiuNah my;yJ xU
ngz;izNah epakpf;f KbahJ> my;yJ \upahtpw;F Kuz;gLk; ve;j fhupaj;ijAk;
mtu; Nkw;nfhs;s KbahJ. fyP/gh ve;j `yhyhd nghUl;fisAk; jLf;ff;$lhJ>
ve;j `uhkhd nghUl;fisAk; mDkjpf;ff;$lhJ.
tpjp 38:
fyP/ghtpd; gjtp fhyj;jpw;F tuk;G fpilahJ. (gzpahw;w ,ayhj fhuzj;jhy;)
gjtpapypUe;J mtu; ntspNaw;wg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;w epiy tuhjtiu> rl;lq;fis
eilKiwg;gLj;Jjypy; \upahtpw;F mtu; fPo;gbe;J ele;J nfhs;Sk;tiu> murpd;
tptfhuq;fis Nkyhz;ik nra;Ak; jpwd; mtUf;F ,Uf;Fk;tiu> mtu; njhlu;e;J
fyP/gh gjtpapy; ,Ue;J nfhz;bUg;ghu;.
tpjp 39:
%d;W tp\aq;fspy; fyP/ghtpd; epiy Kuz;gLfpwJ. mjd; fhuzkhf mtu;
gjtpapypUe;J ntspNaw;wg;gLfpwhu;. mitahtd:
(i) ,];yhj;jpypUe;J ntspNawptpLtJ (Murtad) > kdepiyg;ghjpf;fg;gLtJ (Insane) >
ghtkhd fhupaq;fNsh my;yJ mJ Nghd;witfNsh mtuplkpUe;J ntspg;gLtJ
Mfpait.,t;tp\aq;fs; mtUila fpyh/gj; xg;ge;jj;jpw;F jFjp Vw;gLj;Jk;
epge;jidfis fhyhtjp Mf;fptpLk;. Vnddpy;> fpyh/gj; xg;ge;jj;jpw;Fk; mjd;
njhlu;r;rpf;Fk; ,it epge;jidfshf ,Uf;fpd;wd.
(ii) rpy fhuzq;fspd; mbg;gilapy; fyP/gh gjtpapd; nghWg;ig Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F
,ayhj epiy mtUf;F Vw;gLjy;:
fyP/ghtpd; epiy fPo;gLj;jg;gl;L> mjd; fhuzkhf \upahtpd; mbg;gilapy;
mtUila nrhe;j mgpg;guhaj;jpd;gb K];ypk;fspd; tptfhuq;fis jPu;j;J itg;gjw;F
mtuhy; ,ayhj epiy Vw;gLtJ. VNjDk; xU rf;jpahy; fyP/ghtpd; epiy
fPo;gLj;jg;gl;L \upahtpd; mbg;gilapy; jk; nrhe;j mgpg;uhaj;jpd;gb Fbkf;fspd;
tptfhuq;fis Nkyhz;ik nra;a,ayhJ vd;wepiy Vw;gl;lhy;> murpd;
nray;ghLfis Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F rl;luPjpahd Mw;wiy mtu; ngwtpy;iy vd;W
fUjg;gLthu;. vdNt me;epiyapy; mtupd; fyP/gh vd;w me;j];J KbTf;F
te;JtpLk;. ,e;j #oy; ,uz;L re;ju;g;gq;fspy; Vw;gLk;. Kjyhtjhf> xd;W my;yJ
xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l fyP/ghtpd; gupthuj;ijr; rhu;e;jtu;fs; (fyP/ghTld; ,Ug;gtu;fs;)
muR tptfhuq;fis Nkyhz;ik nra;tjpy; Mjpf;fk; nrYj;jpf; nfhz;bUg;gJ.
,tu;fsJ Mjpf;fj;jpypUe;J fyP/gh jd;id tpLtpj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;F tha;g;G
,Uf;Fk;gl;rj;jpy; xU Fwpg;gpl;l fhyj;jpw;F mtu; vr;rupf;if nra;ag;gLthu;. ,jd;
gpwFk; ,tu;fspd; Mjpf;fj;jpypUe;J jd;id mtu; tpLtpj;Jf; nfhs;stpy;iynadpy;
mtu; gjtp ePf;fk; nra;ag;glNtz;Lk;. ,uz;lhtjhf> fyP/ghit kpiff;ff;$ba
vjpupahy; mtu; gpbf;fg;gl;L tpl;lhy;> mtu; cz;ikahf gpbf;fg;gl;lhYk; my;yJ
mtu;fsJ Mjpf;fj;jpd; fPo; ,Ue;jhYk; rupNa> me;epiyapy; #oy; Ma;T nra;ag;gl
Ntz;Lk;. fyP/ghit tpLtpf;Fk; tha;g;G ,Ue;jhy;> mtUf;F mtfhrk; nfhLf;fg;gl
Ntz;Lk;. mtiu tpLtpg;gjw;F tha;g;G ,y;iy vd;w epiy ,Ue;jhy;> mtu; gjtp
ePf;fk; nra;ag;glNtz;Lk;. Muk;gj;jpNyNa mtiu tpLtpg;gjw;F tha;g;Ng ,y;iy
vd;w epiy ,Ue;jhy; cldbahf mtu; gjtp ePf;fk; nra;ag;glNtz;Lk;.
tpjp 40:
fyP/ghtpd; #oy; mtiu gjtp ePf;fk; nra;tjw;F Mjhukhf ,Uf;fpwjh my;yJ
,y;iyah vd;gij KbT nra;Ak; nghWg;G> mePjp rl;lq;fspd; ePjpkd;wj;jpw;F(Court
of unjust Act) cupa jdpr;rpwg;G cupikahFk;. fyP/ghit fz;ldk; nra;tjw;Nfh
my;yJ gjtp ePf;fk; nra;tjw;Nfh mjw;F kl;Lk;jhd; mjpfhuk; ,Uf;fpwJ.
Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsu; - Delecated Assistant -Mua’win ut tafweeD
tpjp 41:
Ml;rp nghWg;ig epiwNtw;Wk;gzpapy; cjtpLk;nghUl;L> Ml;rpj;Jiwf;F xU
cjtpahsiu> mjpfhuKs;s jd;Dila gpujpepjpahf> fyP/gh epakdk;
nra;Jnfhs;fpwhu;. ,tu; jd; nrhe;j fz;Nzhl;lj;jpd;gbAk; ,[;jp`hj; gbAk;
tptfhuq;fis Nkyhz;ik nra;Ak; mjpfhuk; ngw;w fyP/ghtpd; gpujpepjpahf
,Uf;fpwhu;.
tpjp 42:
fyP/ghtpw;F cupa mNj mtrpakhd jFjpfis Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsUk;
ngw;wpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. mit: mtu; MzhfTk;> Rje;jpukhdtuhfTk;> taJ
te;jtuhfTk;> K];ypkhfTk;> Gj;jpRthjPdKs;stuhfTk;> ePjp
nrYj;jf;$batuhfTk;> vjd; nghUl;L epakpf;fg;gl;lhNuh me;j nghWg;ig jpwk;gl
ifahsf;$batuhfTk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 43:
Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsupd; epakdk; vd;gJ> fyP/ghtpd; mjpfhuk; ngw;w
gpujpepjpapd; flik kw;Wk; nghJthd nghWg;G Mfpa ,uz;L nghWg;GfisAk; mtu;
kPJ Rkj;jf;$bajhFk;. MfNt cjtpahsu;fspd; epakdj;jpd; NghJ fyP/gh
gpd;tUk; mwptpg;ig mwpf;ifapl Ntz;Lk;.
ehd; vdJ mjpfhuk; ngw;w gpujpepjpahf (Deputy) jq;fis epakdk; nra;fpNwd;
vd;W mwpf;if ntspapl Ntz;Lk;.
my;yJ>
mjpfhuk; ngw;w gpujpepjpj;Jtk; kw;Wk; nghJthd nghWg;G Mfpa ,uz;ilAk;
,izf;Fk; tpjkhd mwpf;ifia fyP/gh thrpf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j Kiwapy;
Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsu; epakpf;fg;gltpy;iynadpy;> mtu; Ml;rpj;Jiw
cjtpahsuhfNth my;yJ mjpfhuk; ngw;w fyP/ghtpd; gpujpepjpahfNth ,Uf;f
KbahJ.
tpjp 44:
fyP/ghtpd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fk;> Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsupd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fk;
,ilapYs;s NtWghl;il epiyg;gLj;Jk; tpjkhf Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsupd;
nray;ghL ,Uf;Fk; tpjj;jpy;> mtu; Nkyhz;ik nra;Ak; tptfhuq;fisAk;>
mtUila re;jpg;G tpguq;fisAk;> mtu; eilKiwg;gLj;Jk; mjpfhug;G+u;tkhd
nray;fisAk; fyP/ghtplk; mtu; njuptpf;f Ntz;Lk;. MfNt> Ml;rpj;Jiw
cjtpahsH jd;nray;ghLfisAk;> vz;zq;fisAk;> Ma;TfisAk; fyP/ghtplk;
njuptpj;j gpd;du; fyP/gh mij jLf;fhtpby;>mtw;iw epiwNtw;w Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 45:
Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsupd; nray;ghLfisAk; mtupd; ,aw;if gz;GfisAk;
fyP/gh gupNrhjpj;J tuNtz;Lk;. mtupd; nray;ghLfspy; vit cWjpahdit vd;W
mwpe;J nfhs;tjw;Fk;> jtwhditfis xOq;FgLj;Jtjw;Fk; ,J cjtpLk;.
Vnddpy;> jd;Dila nrhe;j ,[;jp`hj; mbg;gilapy; ck;khtpd; tptfhuq;fis
Nkyhz;ik nra;Ak; nghWg;G fyP/ghtplk; xg;gilf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ.
tpjp 46:
xUKiw fyP/ghtpd; rk;kjj;NjhL Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsu; xU tp\aj;ij
Nkyhz;ik nra;J tpl;lhy;> gpwF fyP/gh cld;gl;l mNj mbg;gilapy; ve;jtpj
khWjYk; nra;ahJ mij epiwNtw;Wtjw;F Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsUf;F mjpfhuk;
cz;L. xUNtis fyP/gh me;j tp\aj;jpy; jdJ fUj;ij kWguprPyid nra;J
Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsu; nray;gLj;jpajw;F kWg;G njuptpj;jhy; fPo;fz;l mZFKiw
Nkw;f;nfhs;sg;gLk;;:
Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsu; nray;gLj;jpa tp\aj;jpy; fyP/gh kWg;G
njuptpf;Fk;gl;rj;jpy;> mJ rl;lk; rk;ge;jg;gl;l tp\akhf ,Ue;J> cWjpahd
Kiwapy; eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl;bUe;jhy; my;yJ epjp tp\akhf ,Ue;J> mJ
Kiwahd tpjj;jpy; nryT nra;ag;gl;bUe;jhy;> gpwF Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsH
nray;gLj;jpaJ nry;YgbahFk;> ,J Vnddpy;> cz;ikahf ,J fyP/ghtpd;
mgpg;uhak;jhd;. mtu; eilKiwg;gLj;jpa rl;lj;ijNah my;yJ nrytspj;j
epjpiaNah mtu; kWrPuikg;G nra;a KbahJ. vdpDk;> Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsu;
nray;gLj;jpait MSdu; epakdk;> ,uhZtj;jpd; MAjg;gyj;ijf; $l;LtJ Nghd;w
NtWtpjkhd tp\akhf ,Ue;jhy;> gpwF Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsupd; Kbit
kWf;fTk; mij kPwp KbntLf;fTk; fyP/ghTf;F cupik cz;L. ,J Vnddpy;>
,j;jifa tp\aq;fspy; jd;Dila Kbit kWrPuikg;G nra;tjw;F fyP/ghtpw;F
mjpfhuk; cz;L. MfNt Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsu; tp\aj;jpYk; ,J nghUe;Jk;.
tpjp 47:
Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsUf;F nghJthd mjpfhu gpujpepjpj;Jtk; cz;L. MfNt
mtu; xU Fwpg;gpl;l Jiwf;F kl;LNkh my;yJ xU Fwpg;gpl;l nraYf;F kl;LNkh
xJf;fg;gl khl;lhu;. mtu; nghJthf epu;thf mikg;ig fz;fhzpj;J tUthu;.
Mdhy; epu;thf tp\aq;fis Nkw;nfhs;skhl;lhu;.
tpjp 48:
epu;thfj;Jiw cjtpahsu; xUtiu fyP/gh epakdk; nra;fpwhu;. mtUila
nray;ghL epu;thfj;Jiwia kl;Lk; rhu;e;jjhFk;>Ml;rpj;Jiwia my;y. murpd;
cs;ehl;L kw;Wk; ntspehl;L tptfhuq;fspy; fyP/ghtpd; topfhl;Ljy;gb nray;gl
Ntz;baJ mtuJ flikahFk;. NkYk;> ,e;j JiwfspypUe;J ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sk;
jfty;fis fyP/ghtplk; vLj;Jf; nry;y Ntz;Lk;.epu;thfj;Jiw mYtyfk;
fyP/ghtpw;Fk; kw;wtu;fSf;Fk; ,ilapy; Clfkhf (Medium) nray;gLk;> mjhtJ>
fyP/ghtpd; fl;lisfis mtu; rhu;ghf nray;gLj;Jk;> NkYk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sk;
jfty;fis fyP/ghtplk; xg;gilj;JtpLk;.
tpjp 49:
epu;thfj;Jiw cjtpahsu; epr;rakhf K];ypkhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;;. Vnddpy; mtu;
fyP/ghtpd; gupthuj;jpy; xUtuhf ,Uf;fpwhu;.
tpjp 50:
Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsiug; NghyNt epu;thfj;Jiw cjtpahsUk; vg;NghJk;
fyP/ghTld; Neub njhlu;G itj;jpUg;gtuhf ,Ug;ghu;. epu;thfj;Jiw cjtpahsu;
fyP/ghtpw;F cjtpahsuhf fUjg;gLfpwhu;. Mdhy; mJ epu;thfj;Jiwf;F kl;Lk;jhd;
Ml;rpj;Jiwf;F my;y.
[p`hJ jiytu; - Amir of Jihad
tpjp 51:
[p`hJ jiytUila mYtyfk; ehd;F Jiwfis cs;slf;fpaJ. mit:
ntspehl;L tptfhuk;> ,uhZtk;> cs;ehl;L ghJfhg;G> njhopw;rhiy Mfpait.
,e;j Jiwfspd; Nkw;ghu;itahsuhfTk;> ,af;FduhfTk; [p`hJ jiytu;
tpsq;Ffpwhu;.
tpjp 52:
ntspehLfSld; muRf;F ,Uf;Fk; cwTfNshL njhlu;Gila ntspehl;L
tptfhuq;fs; vJthf ,Ue;jhYk; mJ ntsptptfhuj;Jiwapd; topfhl;Ljypd;gb
nray;gLj;jg;gLk;.
tpjp 53:
,uhZtk;> fhty;Jiw> ,uhZt fUtpfs;> fbdNtiy> Nghu;j;jsthlq;fs;
mDg;Gjy; Mfpa ,uhZtg;gil tptfhuq;fNshL njhlu;Gilatw;iw ,uhZtj;Jiw
Nkw;ghu;itapLk;.,uhZt fy;tpmikg;G> ,uhZtjpl;lk; Nghd;witfis
fl;Lg;gLj;Jjy;>kw;Wk; ,];yhkpa fyhr;rhuj;jpw;F Njit vd;W fUjg;gLk;
eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;Sjy;> ,uhZtj;jpd; fyhr;rhuj;ij NgZjy;>
Nghu;j;njLj;jy; kw;Wk; mjw;Fupa jahupg;ig Nkw;nfhs;Sjy;> Mfpa gzpfisAk;
,uhZtj;Jiw ftdpj;Jf; nfhs;Sk;.
tpjp 54:
ehl;bd; ghJfhg;NghL njhlu;Gila midj;J tptfhuq;fisAk; cs;ehl;L
ghJfhg;Gj;Jiw Nkw;ghu;itapLk;. ,uhZt gilapd; %ykhf ,j;Jiw ehl;bd;
ghJfhg;G gzpia epiyg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;Sk;. NkYk;
ghJfhg;G rhjdkhf fhty;Jiw gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.
tpjp 55:
murpd;njhopy;Jiw(Dept.of industories) njhopw;rhiyNahL njhlu;Gila
tptfhuq;fis ftdpj;Jf; nfhs;Sk;. Nkhl;lhu;ve;jpuk;> Nkhl;lhu; thfd cw;gj;jp
Nghd;w fduf njhopw;rhiyfs;> cNyhf Rj;jpfupg;G njhopy;> kpd;dZj;Jiw>
njhopw;rhiy> ,uhZtj; JiwNahL njhlu;Gila jdpahu; kw;Wk; muR
njhopw;$lq;fs; MfpaitfSk; ,jpy; mlq;Fk;. midj;J njhopw;$lq;fSk; mit
ve;j tifahf ,Ue;jhYk; ,uhZt nfhs;ifapd; mbg;gilapy;jhd; mikf;fg;gLk;.
tpjp 56:
vy;yh K];ypk;fs; kPJk; [p`hJ fl;lha flikahFk; (Fard). vdNt ,uhZt
gapw;rp fl;lhakhdJ. MfNt gjpide;J taJ my;yJ mjw;F Nkw;gl;l taJila
xt;nthUMZk;> [p`hjpy; gq;Nfw;gjw;;F jahuhf ,Uf;Fk; nghUl;L ,uhZt
gapw;rpf;F nry;y Ntz;baJ flikahFk;. vdpDk; ,uhZtj;jpy; fl;lhak; Nru;tJ
gu;Js;fp/ghahthFk;(Fardul kifayah)
tpjp 57:
,uhZtk; ,uz;lhf gpupf;fg;gLk;. nghJ,uhZtk; (RegularArmy): ,jpy;
gzpahw;Wgtu;fs; muR Copau;fshf fUjg;gl;L> muR tuT nryT jpl;lj;jpypUe;J
Cjpak; ngWthu;fs;. jdp ,uhZtk; (ReserveArmy): ,jpy; Nghu;j;jpwd; nfhz;l
midj;J K];ypk;fSk; mlq;Fthu;fs;.
tpjp 58:
,uhZt gilfs; midj;Jk; xNu gilahFk;. mJjhd; ,uhZtk; vdg;gLfpwJ>
,jpypUe;J Fwpg;gpl;l gpupTfs; Nju;T nra;ag;gl;L> Fwpg;gpl;l Kiwapy;
xOq;FgLj;jg;gl;L> Fwpg;gpl;l fyhr;rhuj; jd;ikfs; mitfsplk; cUthf;fg;gLk;>
,Jjhd; Nghyp]; (Shurtah) vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
tpjp 59:
nghJ kf;fspd; epiyia rPuhf;fp ghJfhg;gjw;F Nghyp]{f;F mq;fPfhuk;
nfhLf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. NkYk; cs;ehl;L ghJfhg;ig Nkw;ghu;itapLjy;> epu;thf
gzpfis Nkw;nfhs;Sjy; Mfpa gzpfSk; Nghyp]pd; nghWg;gpy; ,Uf;Fk;.
tpjp 60:
,uhZtj;jpw;F nfhbAk; thrfk; nghwpf;fg;gl;l NjhuzKk; (Banner) cz;L. jhd;
Nju;T nra;jtiu ,uhZt jiytuhf epakpj;J mtuplk; nfhbia fyP/gh
xg;gilg;ghu;. gilaikg;G jiytu; (Brigadier) thrfk; nghwpf;fg;gl;l Njhuzj;ij
ifapy; ngw;wpUg;ghu;.
tpjp 61:
fyP/ghNt ,uhZtj;jpd; jiytuhthu;. gilj;jsgjp (Commander in Chief)> gil
mikg;G jiytu;(Brigadier) xt;nthU gilg;gpuptpd; jsgjp (Divisional Commander)
MfpNahiu fyP/gh epakdk; nra;thu;. kw;w ,uhZt nghWg;Gf;F cupatu;fis
gilaikg;G jiytUk; gilg;gpupT jsgjpAk; epakdk; nra;thu;fs;. ,uhZtj;jpy;
nghJg;gzp Nkw;nfhs;Sk; egu;fis> mtu;fspd; ,uhZt fyhr;rhuj;jpw;F Vw;wthW>
,uhZt nghJg;gzpj; jiytu; epakdk; nra;thu;.
tpjp 62:
,uhZtk; xNu ,uhZtkhf ,Ue;jhYk; mJ Fwpg;gpl;l gy Kfhk;fspy; epiy
nfhz;bUf;Fk;. ,e;j Kfhk;fspy; rpy gpupTfs; gy;NtW khfhzq;fspy; (Provinces
Wilayah) Nghu; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;j jsq;fspy; epiynfhz;bUf;Fk;. NkYk; rpy
gpupTfs; elkhLk; Nghu;gilahf(MobileArmy) epue;jukhf ,Uf;Fk;> Njitg;gLk;NghJ
ehl;bd; ve;j %iyf;Fk; ,J efu;e;J nry;Yk;. gy;NtW FOf;fshf> ,e;j
gilg;gpupT> Kfhk;fspy; xOq;Fg;gLj;jg;gl;bUf;Fk;. xt;nthU FOf;fSf;Fk; xU
vz; mjd; ngauhf nfhLf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;. cjhuzk; Kjy; ,uhZtk; %d;whk;
,uhZtk;> my;yJ rpy khfhzq;fspd; ngaNuh my;yJ khtl;lj;jpd; ngaNuh
,e;jFOf;fSf;F ngauhf nfhLf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;.
tpjp 63:
,uhZt tPuu;fSf;F cau;e;jgl;r msT ,uhZt fy;tp nfhLf;f Ntz;baJ kpf
mtrpakhFk;. NkYk; tPuu;fspd; mwpTj;jpwid ,ad;w msT cau;j;j Ntz;Lk;>
xt;nthU ,uhZt tPuUf;Fk; ,];yhkpa fyhr;rhuj;ij Cl;l Ntz;Lk;>
,];yhj;ijg; gw;wpa nghJthd tpopg;Gzu;it ngWtjw;F mJ cjtpLk;.
tpjp 64:
xt;nthU Kfhk;fspYk; NghJkhd vz;zpf;ifapy; nghJg;gzp mYtyu;fs; ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk;. mtu;fs; kpf cau;e;j msT ,uhZt mwpTj;jpwDk;> Nghu;j;jpl;lq;fis
tFg;gjpYk;> Nghu; eltbf;iffSf;F topfhl;LtjpYk; kpFe;j mDgtk;
nfhz;ltu;fshf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. nkhj;jj;jpy; ,uhZt nghJg;gzp mYtyu;fis
mjpf vz;zpf;ifapy; ,uhZtk; ngw;wpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 65:
,];yhkpa ,uhZtk; mjd; fbdkhd gzpia epiwNtw;w Ntz;Lnkdpy;> mjw;F
Njitg;gLk; MAj gyj;ijAk;> czT Nghd;w mj;jpahtrpa nghUl;fisAk;>
cgfu;zq;fisAk; nfhLg;gJ kpf mtrpakhFk;.
ePjpj;Jiw -Judiciary - Qadaa
tpjp 66:
ePjpgjpj;Jtk; vd;gJ nghWg;Ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sk; tpjj;jpy; jPu;g;Gfis
toq;FtjhFk;. mJ kf;fspd; gpur;ridfis jPu;j;J itf;fpwJ> rKjhaj;jpd;
cupikf;F Fe;jfk; tpistpg;gtw;iw mJ jLj;JtpLfpwJ. NkYk;> fyP/gh kw;Wk;
Ml;rpj;Jiw mikg;Gfspy; ,Ug;gtu;fs; MfpatHSf;Fk;> kf;fSf;Fk; ,ilapy;
Vw;gLk; gy;NtW ru;r;irfis mJ ePf;fptpLfpwJ.
tpjp 67:
fyP/gh jiyik ePjpgjpia epakdk; nra;thu;. epu;thfj;Jiwapd;
xOq;FKiwfSf;F cl;gl;L> jiyik ePjpgjp> kw;w ePjpgjpfis epakdk; nra;jy;>
xOq;FgLj;Jjy;> gjtp ePf;fk; nrajy; Mfpa gzpfis Nkw;nfhs;thu;. jiyik
ePjpgjp taJ te;jtuhfTk;> MzhfTk;> K];ypkhfTk;> Gj;jpRthjPdk;
cs;stuhfTk;> ePjp nrYj;JgtuhfTk;> rl;l ty;YduhfTk; (Jurist) ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
vQ;rpAs;s ePjpkd;w gzpahsu;fs; midtUk; ePjpkd;w epu;thfJiw ,af;Fdu;
mYtyfj;jpd;(Administrative Directorate of Court Affairs)mjpfhuj;Jf;Fs; ,Ug;ghu;fs;.
tpjp 68:
%d;W tpjkhd ePjpgjpfs; ,Uf;fpwhu;fs;.
(i) nfhLf;fy; thq;fy; tptfhuq;fspYk;> jz;lidfspYk; kf;fSf;fpilapYs;s
ru;r;irfis jPu;j;J itf;Fk; ePjpgjpfs;.
(ii) K`;j]pg; (Muhtasib) vdg;gLk; ePjpgjpfs; r%f cupikfis kPWgtu;fs;
tptfhuq;fspy; jPu;g;G toq;Fthu;fs;.
mePjp rl;l ePjpkd;w ePjpgjpahd k`;fkhJy; kjhspk; (judge for theCourt of unjust Act
(iii)
- Mahkamatul MaDaalim)muR mYtyu;fSf;Fk; kf;fSf;Fk; ,ilapYs;s gpur;rpidfis
jPu;j;J itg;ghu;fs;.
tpjp 69:
midj;J ePjpgjpfSf;Fk; fPo;fz;l jFjpfs; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;:
mtu;fs; K];ypkhfTk;> taJ te;jtuhfTk;> Rje;jpukhdtuhfTk;> Gj;jpRthjPdk;
cs;stuhfTk;> ePjp nrYj;jf;$batuhfTk;> rl;l ty;YduhfTk;> tptfhuq;fSf;F
njhlHGila rl;lq;fis vt;thW ifahs;tJ vd;gij mwpe;jtuhfTk; ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk;. k`;fkhJy; kjhspk; vd;w mePjprl;l ePjpkd;w ePjpgjpfs; Nkyjpfkhf
MzhfTk;> K[;j`pjhfTk;(Mujtahid) ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 70:
Kjy; tif ePjpgjpfSk; K`;j]pg; ePjpgjpfSk; ehL KOtJk; Vw;gLk;
gpur;rpidfSf;F jPu;g;G toq;Ftjw;F nghJthf epakdk; nra;ag;glyhk;> my;yJ
xUtu; khw;wp xUtiu Fwpg;gpl;l gFjpfSf;F Fwpg;gpl;l tof;Ffspy; jPu;g;G
toq;Ftjw;fhf epakdk; nra;ag;glyhk;. ,jw;F khwhf> k`;fkhJy; kjhspk; vd;w
ePjpgjp> midj;J gpur;rpidfSf;Fk; jPu;g;G toq;Fk; nghUl;L nghJ epakdk;
nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,lj;ijg; nghUj;jtiu ehL KOtjpYKs;s midj;J
,lq;fSf;Fk; my;yJ xU Fwpg;gpl;l ,lj;Jf;Fk; mtu; epakdk; nra;ag;glyhk;.
tpjp 71:
ePjpkd;wk;> jPu;g;G toq;Ftjw;F mjpfhuk; ngw;w xNu xU ePjpgjpia kl;Lk;
nfhz;ljhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. vdpDk; xd;W my;yJ xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l ePjpgjpfs;
mtNuhL cldpUe;J nray;gLtjw;F mDkjpf;fg;gLk;. mtUf;F MNyhrid
toq;Ftjw;Fk; cjtp nra;tjw;Fk; kl;LNk mtu;fs; ,Ug;ghu;fs;. mtu;fSf;F jPu;g;G
toq;Fk; mjpfhuk; ,y;iy. NkYk; jPu;g;G toq;Fk; mjpfhuKs;s ePjpgjpia ,tu;fspd;
mgpg;uhak; ve;j tpjj;jpYk; fl;Lg;gLj;jhJ.
tpjp 72:
ePjpkd;w ehl;fs; my;yhj Neuq;fspy;> ePjpgjpfs; jPu;g;G toq;fkhl;lhHfs;.
mJNghyNt ePjpkd;w ehl;fs; my;yhj Neuq;fspy;> rhl;rpaq;fSk; rj;jpa
gpukhzq;fSk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl khl;lhJ.
tpjp 73:
tof;Ffspd; tiffSf;F Vw;wJNghy ePjpkd;wq;fspd; mjpfhuj;ij khw;WtJ
mDkjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. vdNt rpy ePjpgjpfs; Fwpg;gpl;l mjpfhuq;fSld; Fwpg;gpl;l
tof;FfSf;F epakpf;fg;gLthu;fs;. kw;w ePjpgjpfSf;F ,ju tof;Ffspy; jPu;g;G
toq;f mjpfhuk; toq;fg;gLk;.
tpjp 74:
jPu;g;ig vjpu;j;J kWtof;F(Appeal) elj;Jk; ePjpkd;wk; vJTk; fpilahJ.
Vnddpy; midj;J ePjpkd;wq;fspd; jPu;g;GfSk; xNu me;j];j;jpy; ,Uf;fpd;wd.
MfNt ,];yhk; my;yhjtw;wpd; mbg;gilapNyh> my;yJ Fu;Md;> Rd;dh Mfpatw;wpd;
jpl;ltl;lkhd Mjhu%yq;fSf;F Kuz;ghlhfNth> my;yJ ,[;kh m];]`hghtpw;F
Kuz;ghlhfNth> my;yJ cz;ik epiyfSf;F khw;wkhfNth> tof;F
jPu;khdpf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ vd;W fUjpdhy; jtpu kWtprhuiz fpilahJ. xUKiw
jPu;g;G toq;fg;gl;lTld; mJ nray;ghl;bw;F te;JtpLk;> mij kw;w ePjpgjpfspd;
jPu;g;G uj;J nra;ahJ.
tpjp 75
K`;j]pg; ePjpgjp midj;J tof;FfisAk; tprhuiz nra;thu;. jdp egupd;
tof;fhf ,y;yhJ nghJ kf;fspd; cupik rk;ge;jg;gl;ljhf ,Ug;gpd;> mJ
Fw;wtpay; tof;fhf ,Uf;fhJ> mjpy; jz;lid epiwNtw;WjYk; (Hudud) ,lk;
ngwhJ.
tpjp 76:
K`;j]pg; ePjpgjpf;F cupik kPwy; tof;Ffspy; jPu;g;G toq;Ftjw;F mjpfhuk;
cz;L. ,e;j cupik kPwy; gw;wpa cz;ik epiyapd; jfty;fis mtu; ngw;Wf;
nfhz;lTld;> mtu; ve;j ,lj;jpy; ,Ue;j NghjpYk;> ePjpkd;w tprhuiz eltbf;if
vJTk; Nkw;nfhs;shky; jPu;g;G toq;fp tpLthu;. K`;j]pg; ePjpgjpapd; jPu;g;Gfs;
cldbahf epiwNtw;wg;gLtjw;Fk;> mtUila Mizia nray;gLj;Jtjw;Fk;
fhty;Jiwiarhu;e;jtHfs; (Policeman) gyH jahuhf ,Ug;ghu;fs;.
tpjp 77:
K`;j]pg; ePjpgjpf;F Njitahd Jiz ePjpgjpfis mtNu epakdk; nra;J
nfhs;tjw;F mtUf;F mjpfhuk; cz;L. ,j;jifa ePjpgjpfSf;F K`;j]pg;
ePjpgjpf;Fupa mNj jFjpfs; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;> NkYk;> mNj mjpfhuj;ijg;
ngw;wtu;fshf ,Ug;ghu;fs;. mtu;fs; gzpahw;w Ntz;ba ,lj;ijAk;> mtu;fs;
Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;ba tof;FfisAk; K`;j]pg; ePjpgjpNa KbT nra;thu;.
tpjp 78:
fyP/gh> MSdu;fs;> muR MYtyu;fs;> MfpNahuhy; xUtu; kPJ gpuNahfk;
nra;ag;gLk; mePjp rl;lq;fs; midj;ijAk; ePf;Fk; tpjkhf k`;fkhj; ePjpgjp epakdk;
nra;ag;gLfpwhu;. ghjpf;fg;gl;l egu; Fbkfdhf ,Ue;j NghjpYk; my;yJ murpd;
mjpfhuj;jpy; tho;gtuhf ,Ue;j NghjpYk; rupNa.
tpjp 79:
k`;fkhJy; kjhspk; vd;w mePjp rl;l ePjpgjpia fyP/ghNth my;yJ jiyik
ePjpgjpNah epakdk; nra;ayhk;. ,e;j ePjpgjpfspd; nray;ghLfis jl;bf; Nfl;gJ>
xOq;FgLj;JtJ> gjtp ePf;fk; nra;tJ Mfpa gzpfis fyP/gh Nkw;nfhs;thu;>
my;yJ fyP/gh mjpfhuk; nfhLj;jhy; ,tw;iw jiyik ePjpgjpNah my;yJ
k`;fkhJy; ePjpgjpNah Nkw;nfhs;thu;. vdpDk; fyP/ghtpw;F vjpuhfNth my;yJ
Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsUf;F vjpuhfNth my;yJ jiyik ePjpgjpf;F vjpuhfNth
cs;s mePjp rl;l tof;Ffis tprhuiz nra;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; fhyj;jpy; mtiu
gjtp ePf;fk; nra;tjw;F vtUf;Fk; mDkjpapy;iy.
tpjp 80:
k`;fkhj; ePjpgjp epakdj;ijg; nghUj;jtiu> mjd; vz;zpf;iff;F ve;j tuk;Gk;
fpilahJ. mePjp rl;lq;fis G+z;NlhL ePf;Ftjw;F vt;tsT ePjpgjpfs; Njit
vd;W fUJfpwhNuh mj;jid ePjpgjpfis fyP/gh epakdk; nra;J nfhs;syhk;.
ePjpkd;w eltbf;ifapd;NghJ xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l ePjpgjpfs; ePjpkd;wj;jpy; ,lk;
ngWtjw;F mDkjpf;fg;gl;bUe;jhYk;> jPu;g;G toq;Fk; mjpfhuk; xUtUf;F kl;Lk;jhd;
,Uf;Fk;. kw;w ePjpgjpfs; mtUf;F MNyhridAk; cjtpAk; toq;Fthu;fs;. vdpDk;
mtu;fSila MNyhrid> jPu;g;G toq;Fk; mjpfhuk; ngw;w ePjpgjpia fl;Lg;gLj;jhJ.
tpjp 81:
k`;fkhJy; kjhsppk; fyP/ghitNah> MSdiuNah> muR mYtyu;fisNah
my;yJ NtW ve;j Ml;rpahsiuNah gjtp ePf;fk; nra;tjw;F mjpfhuk; ngw;wtuhthH.
tpjp 82:
muR mYtyu;fs; kPjhd mePjp Fw;wr;rhl;L tof;F> m`;fhk; \upahtpypUe;J
fyP/gh tpyfpr; nry;Yjy; gw;wpa tof;F>murpay;rhrdj;jpy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s
rl;lk;,aw;Wtjw;Fupa Mjhu%yj;jpd; tpahf;ahdk; (Interpretation of Shari’ah evidence)
njhlHghdtof;F>\upahtpd; tuk;GfSf;F cl;gl;L fyP/gh Vw;Wmky;gLj;jpa
murhiz>,iwrl;lq;fs;(Ahkamshari’ah) njhlHghd tof;F> tuptpjpg;G rk;ge;jkhd
tof;F Mfpa tof;Ffis tprhupg;gjw;F k`;fkhj; ePjpgjpf;F mjpfhuk; ,Uf;fpwJ.
tpjp 83:
mePjprl;lk; njhlu;ghd ePjpkd;wj;jp d; eltbf;iffs;> ePjpkd;w mku;T>
gpujpthjpapd; Ntz;LNfhs;> thjpapd; tUif Mfpatw;why; ghjpg;Gf;F cl;glhJ.
thjpapd; gq;fspg;G ,y;yhkNyNa mePjp rl;lk; njhlu;ghd tof;Ffis elj;Jtjw;F
ePjpkd;wj;jpw;F mjpfhuk; cz;L.
tpjp 84:
thjpNah gpujpthjpNah xt;nthUtUf;Fk; jdf;fhf thjhlf;$ba xU MizNah
my;yJ ngz;izNah> K];ypikNah my;yJ K];ypk; my;yhjtiuNah epakdk;
nra;J nfhs;tjw;F cupikAz;L. ,e;j tp\aj;jpy; mjpfhug;G+u;t tof;fhspf;Fk;
mtUf;fhf thjhlf;$batUf;Fk; NtWghL ,y;iy. tof;fhspAk;(Mandator)
mtUf;fhf thjhLgtUk;(Proxy)Vw;Wf;nfhz;l epge;jidapd; mbg;gilapy;>
tof;fhspaplkpUe;J Cjpak; ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sk; tifapy; jhd; epakdk; nra;ag;gl
Ntz;Lk; vd;W NfhUtjw;F thjhLgtUf;F cupikAz;L.
tpjp 85:
fyP/gh> MSdu;> muR mYtyu;> K`;j]pg; ePjpgjp> k`;fkhj; ePjpgjp Nghd;w
gjtpapy; ,Ug;gtu;fs; my;yJ ghJfhg;gpy; ,Ug;gtu; (Custodian) kw;Wk; ghJfhg;gsu;
(Guardian) Nghd;w Fwpg;gpl;l nghWg;igg; ngw;wpUg;gtu;> ,tu;fs; midtUf;Fk; thjp
vd;wKiwapNyh my;yJ gpujpthjp vd;wKiwapNyh jdf;fhf tof;Ffspy;
thjhlf;$ba xUtiu mtUila mjpfhu tuk;Gf;F cl;gl;L epakdk; nra;J
nfhs;tjw;F mDkjp cz;L>Mdhy;> NtW ve;j fhuzj;jpw;Fk; ,J nghUe;jhJ.
khfhz MSdu;fs; - The Governors of Provinces-Wulah
tpjp 86:
,];yhkpa muR Ml;rp nra;Ak; gpuNjrk; khfhzk; (Wilayat - Province) vd;wiof;fg;gLk;
gFjpfshf gpupf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;. xt;nthU khfhzKk; khtl;lk; (Ima’lat) vd;w
gFjpfshf gpupf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;. khfhzj;ij Ml;rp nra;gtu; MSdu; my;yJ mkPu;
(Wali or Amir) vd;Wk;> khtl;lj;ij Ml;rp nra;gtu; Mkpy; (A’mil) vd;Wk;
miof;fg;gLfpwhufs;;.
tpjp 87:
MSdu;fSk;> Mkpy;fSk; fyP/ghtpdhy; epakpf;fg;gLfpwhu;fs;. mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;lhy;>
MSdu; Mkpiy epakpj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. fyP/ghtpw;Fupa mNj jFjpfs;
MSdu;fSf;Fk; Mkpy;fSf;Fk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. mjhtJ mtu; K];ypkhfTk;>
MzhfTk;> Rje;jpukhdtuhfTk;> taJ te;jtuhfTk;> Gj;jpRthjPdk;
cs;stuhfTk;> ePjp nrYj;jf;$batuhfTk;> nghWg;Gfis Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F jpwd;
ngw;wtuhfTk; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. ,iwar;rKk; kdcWjpAKs;s kdpju;fspypUe;J
,tu;fs; Nju;T nra;ag;gLfpwhu;fs;.
tpjp 88:
fyP/ghtpd; rhu;ghf khfhzj;jpYs;s muRj;Jiwfspd; nray;ghl;il
Nkw;ghu;itaplTk;> Ml;rp nra;aTk; MSdu;fSf;F mjpfhuk; ,Uf;fpwJ. fpyh/gh
murpy; fyP/ghtpd; Ml;rpj;Jiw cjtpahsUf;Fupa mNj mjpfhuk; jj;jkJ
khfhzj;jpy; MSdu;fSf;F ,Uf;fpwJ. ePjpj;Jiw> epjpj;Jiw> ,uhZtj;Jiw
MfpaJiwfs; ePq;fyhf> khfhzj;jpYs;s midj;JJiwfspd; tptfhuq;fisf;
fl;Lg;gLj;jTk;> midj;J kf;fSf;Fk; fl;lisaplTk; MSdUf;F mjpfhuk; cz;L.
fhty;Jiwapd; nray;ghl;ilf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; mjpfhuk; MSdUf;F cz;L> Mdhy;
fhty;Jiwia epu;tfpf;Fk; mjpfhuk; MSdUf;F fpilahJ.
tpjp 89:
jd;Dila mjpfhu tuk;Gf;Fs; ,Uf;Fk; nray;ghLfisg; gw;wp fyP/ghTf;F
jfty; njuptpf;Fk; flik MSdUf;F ,y;iy. Mdhy; xU Gjpa gpur;rpid
Njhd;wpdhy; fyP/ghTf;F mij njuptpj;J> fyP/ghtpd; topfhl;Ljy; tUk;tiu mtu;
jhkjpf;f Ntz;Lk;> gpwF fyP/ghtpd; cj;juTg;gb nray;glNtz;Lk;. jhkjpg;gjpd;
fhuzkhf gpur;rpid jPtpukilAk; vd;w epiy ,Uf;Fkhdhy;> MSdu; Kjypy;
gpur;rpidia jPu;f;f nray;ghLfis Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;> gpwF Kd;$l;bNa
fyP/ghTf;F jfty; njuptpf;f ,ayhjjpd; fhuzj;ijj; njuptpf;f Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 90:
xt;nthU khfhzj;jpw;Fk; mjd; kf;fshy; Nju;e;njLf;fg;gl;l khfhzrig
MSdupd; jiyikapy; ,Uf;Fk;. epu;thfj;Jiw tptfhuq;fspy; mgpg;uhak;
njuptpg;gjpy; gq;nfLj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;F khfhzrigf;F mjpfhuk; ,Uf;fpwJ. Mdhy;
Ml;rpj;Jiwapy; my;y. ,e;j mgpg;uhak; MSdiu ve;j tpjj;jpYk; fl;Lg;gLj;jhJ.
tpjp 91:
MSdupd; gjtpf;fhyk; Fwpg;gpl;l khfhzj;jpy; ePz;ljhf ,Uf;ff;$lhJ. mtu;
khfhzj;jpy; nry;thf;F ngUk; NghJk;> kf;fs; mtu; kPJ ftu;r;rp nfhs;Sk;NghJk;
mtH gjtpapypUe;J tpLtpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 92:
MSdupd; epakdk; vd;gJ ed;F mwpag;gl;l gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gLk;
nghJthd nghWg;ghFk;. ,jd; Kbthf> MSdu;fs; xU khfhzj;jpypUe;J
kw;nwhUkhfhzjpw;F khw;wg;gl khl;lhu;fs;. Kjypy; mtu;fs; gjtpapypUe;J
tpLtpf;fg;gLthu;fs;> gpd;G kw;nwhU khfhzj;jpy; kW epakdk; nra;ag;gLthu;fs;.
tpjp 93:
fyP/gh KbT nra;Ak;gl;rj;jpy; MSdu;fs; gjtpapypUe;J tpLtpf;fg;glyhk;.
k[;yp]; my;ck;kh MSdiug; gw;wp mjpUg;jpia njuptpf;Fk; gl;rj;jpYk;>mJ
Kiwahdjhf ,Ue;jhYk; ,y;yhtpl;lhYk; rupNa> my;yJ khfhzj;jpd;
ngUk;ghd;ik kf;fs; MSdu; kPJ rq;flk; milAk;jUzq;fspYk;> fyP/gh jhd;
MSdiu gjtp ePf;fk; nra;tJ gw;wp KbT nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 94:
MSdu;fs; tp\aj;jpy; fyP/gh fLikahd fl;Lg;ghl;il nfhz;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
njhlu;e;J mtu;fs; nray;ghl;il mwpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mtHfis
fz;fhzpg;gjw;fhf gpujpepjpia mDg;gp tprhuiz Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
MSdu;fspd; $l;lj;ij mt;tg;NghJ $l;l Ntz;Lk; my;yJ mtu;fspy; xU
rpyiuf; $l;b mtu;fs; Ml;rp nra;Ak; kf;fSila Gfhu;fis Nfl;L mwpa Ntz;Lk;.
muRj;Jiwfs;-The State Departments
tpjp 95:
murhq;f tptfhuq;fis Nkyhz;ik nra;tJ> kf;fSila eyid NgZtJ
Mfpa gzpfs; epu;thfk;> ,af;Fdufk;> muRj;Jiwfs; Mfpatw;wpd; nghWg;gpy;
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wd.
tpjp 96:
epu;thfk;(Administration)>,af;Fdufk;(Directorate)>muRj;Jiwfs;;(StateDepartments)Mfpa
tw;wpd; nfhs;iffs;> Ml;rpmikg;gpd; ,af;fj;jpwd;> fbd gzpfis epiwNtw;Wk;
Ntfk;> epu;thfnghWg;gpy; ,Ug;gtu;fspd; Mw;wy;> Mfpatw;wpd; kPJ
fl;likf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd.
tpjp 97:
ehl;bd; ve;jxU FbkfDk; mtu; MNzh my;yJ ngz;Nzh K];ypNkh my;yJ
K];ypk; my;yhjtNuh> mtu; nghUj;jkhd Mw;wy; cilatuhf ,Uf;Fk;gl;rj;jpy;>
epu;thfk;> ,af;Fdufk;> muRj;Jiwfs; Mfpatw;wpd; jiyik nghWg;Gf;Nfh my;yJ
mYtyu; (Officer) nghWg;Gf;Nfh epakpf;fg;glyhk;.
tpjp 98:
xt;nthU epu;thfj;jpw;Fk; xU nghJ NkyhsUk;> xt;nthU muRj;Jiwf;Fk; rpwg;G
,af;FdUk; nghWg;ghf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,af;Fdu;fs; midtUk; jj;jkJ
epu;thfk;> ,af;Fdufk;> muRj;Jiwfs; Mfpatw;wpd; nghJ NkyhsUf;F fPo;nghWg;G
tfpf;ff;$batHfs;.nghJ,lq;fspy; rl;lk;xOq;if guhkupg;gij nghUj;jtiu
fyP/ghTf;Fk; MSudUf;Fk; MkpYf;Fk; ,tu;fs; nghWg;ghdtu;fs;.
tpjp 99:
epu;thfk;> ,af;Fdufk;> muRj;Jiwfs; Mfpatw;wpd; Nkyhsu;fSk; ,af;Fdu;fSk;
epu;thf xOq;FKiw njhlu;ghd fhuzq;fSf;fhf kl;LNk gjtp ePf;fk; nra;ag;gl
KbAk;. mtu;fis Xuplj;jpypUe;J kw;nwhU ,lj;Jf;F khWjy; nra;aTk; jw;fhypf
gzp ePf;fk; nra;aTk; mDkjp cz;L. xt;nthU epu;thfk;>
,af;Fdufk;>muRj;Jiwfs; Mfpatw;wpd; nghJNkyhsHfs;> gjtp ePf;fk;> ,lkhw;wk;>
jw;fhypf gzpePf;fk;> xOq;FKiw eltbf;if Mfpa eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;s
mjpfhuk; nfhz;ltu;fs;.
tpjp 100:
,af;Fdu;fs;> Nkyhsu;fs; ePq;fyhf kw;w gzpahsu;fis epakpg;gJ> ,lkhw;wk;
nra;tJ> jw;fhypf gzpePf;fk; nra;tJ> tprhuiz nra;tJ> xOq;FKiw
eltbf;iffSf;F cl;gLj;JtJ my;yJ gjtp ePf;fk; nra;tJ Mfpa gzpfis
epu;thfk;> ,af;Fdufk;> muRj;Jiwfs; Mfpatw;wpd; nghJ Nkyhsu;fs;
epiwNtw;Wthu;fs;.
tpjp 101:
kf;fs; MNyhrid kd;wj;ijr; rhu;e;j cWg;gpdu;fs;> K];ypk; gpujpepjpfs; vd;w
tifapy; fyP/gh MNyhrid Nfl;Fk; nghOJ jq;fs; fUj;Jf;fisf;
$Wthu;fs;.kf;fs;kd;wj;jpy; cWg;gpdu;fshf K];ypk; my;yhjtu;fs; ,Ug;gjw;F
mDkjpAz;L. mePjp rl;lq;fis Ml;rpahsu;fs; nray;gLj;Jk; jUzj;jpYk;>
,];yhkpa rl;lq;fis jtwhf eilKiwg;gLj;Jk; jUzj;jpYk;> K];ypk;
my;yhjtHfs; mtu;fspd; Gfhu;fis kf;fs; MNyhrid kd;wj;jpy; $wyhk;.
tpjp 102:
kf;fs; MNyhrid kd;wj;jpd; cWg;gpdu;fis nghJkf;fs; Nju;e;njLg;ghu;fs;.
tpjp 103:
ehl;bd; midj;J Fbkf;fSf;Fk; kf;fs; MNyhrid kd;wj;jpy; cWg;gpduhFk;
cupik cz;L. mtu;fs; taJ te;jtuhfTk;> Gj;jp RthjPdKs;stuhfTk; ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk;. ,J K];ypk;fSf;Fk;> K];ypk; my;yhjtu;fSf;Fk; nghUe;Jk;. vdpDk;
K];ypk; my;yhj cWg;gpdu;fs; mePjp rl;lq;fis nray;gLj;Jk; Ml;rpahsu;fs;
kPJk;> ,];yhkpa rl;lq;fis jtwhf eilKiwg;gLj;Jk; Ml;rpahsH kPJk;>
jq;fsJ Gfhu;fis kd;wj;jpy; njuptpg;gNjhL mtu;fs; cupik Kbe;JtpLk;.
tpjp 104:
MNyhrid Nfl;gJ (Shurah) fye;jhNyhrid nra;tJ (Mashurah) vd;git
KOikahd Kiwapy; fUj;Jf;fis NjLtjhFk;. ,e;j fUj;Jf;fs; rl;lk;
,aw;Wjy;> tpsf;fciumspj;jy;> cz;ikfis Muha;e;Jmwpjy; Mfpa tp\aq;fspy;
muRf;F ve;j fl;Lg;gLj;JjiyAk; Vw;gLj;jhJ. vdpDk; El;gkhd Ma;Tf;Nfh
my;yJ Muha;r;rpf;Nfh cupatp\aq;fshf ,y;yhj rpy eilKiw tp\aq;fspYk;>
eilKiw nray;ghLfspYk; MNyhrid Nfl;Fk; jUzq;fspy; me;j fUj;Jf;fs;
fyP/ghit fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;.
tpjp 105:
midj;J kf;fSk; (K];ypk; kw;Wk; K];ypk; my;yhjtu;) jq;fsJ fUj;Jf;fis
kd;wj;jpy; njuptpf;fyhk;. Mdhy; MNyhrid (Shurah) $Wk; cupik K];ypk;fSf;F
kl;Lk;jhd; cupaJ.
tpjp 106:
fyP/gh fUj;Jf;fis Nfl;Fk;NghJ njuptpf;fg;gLk; MNyhridfspy;
fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; MNyhridf;F(binding shurah)cl;gl;l tp\aq;fs; ngUk;ghd;ik
mbg;gilapy; KbT nra;ag;gLk;. me;j fUj;Jf;fs; rupahditahf ,Ue;jhYk;
,y;yhtpl;lhYk; rupNa. kw;w vy;yh MNyhridfspYk; rupahd fUj;J kl;LNk
Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gLk;. mjw;F ngUk;ghd;ik MjuT ,Ue;jhYk; my;yJ
,y;yhtpl;lhYk; rupNa.
tpjp 107:
kf;fs; MNyhrid kd;wj;Jf;F Ie;J tpj flikfs; cz;L. mitahtd:
(i) fyP/gh mjdplk; MNyhrid Nfl;f Ntz;Lk;> my;yJ fyP/ghTf;F eilKiw
tp\aq;fspYk;> eilKiw nray;ghLfspYk; MNyhrid $w Ntz;Lk;. Ml;rpj;Jiw
tptfhuq;fs;> fy;tpg;gzp> Rfhjhuk;> nghUshjhuk;> tptrhak; kw;Wk; mijr; rhu;e;j
tp\aq;fs; Mfpatw;wpy; El;gkhd Ma;Tk;> Muha;r;rpAk; Njitg;glhJ. MfNt
,tw;wpy; MNyhridapy; $wg;gLk; fUj;Jf;fs; fyP/ghit fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;.
vdpDk; El;gkhd Ma;Tk; Muha;r;rpAk; Njitg;gLk; tp\aq;fspYk;> njhopy;El;gk;>
epjp epu;thfk;> ,uhZtk; kw;Wk; ntspAwTf; nfhs;if Mfpa tp\aq;fspYk;> kf;fs;
MNyhrid kd;w cWg;gpdu;fis MNyhrid Nfl;L fUj;Jf;fis ngw;Wf;
nfhs;tjw;F fyP/ghTf;F cupik cz;L vd;w NghjpYk; me;j fUj;Jf;fs;
fyP/ghit fl;Lg;gLj;jhJ.
muR nray;gLj;jpa tp\aq;fisg; jl;bf; Nfl;gjw;F kf;fs; kd;w
(ii)
cWg;gpdu;fSf;F cupikAz;L. mit cs;ehl;L kw;Wk; ntspehl;L
tptfhuq;fshdhYk; my;yJ epjpj;Jiw> ,uhZtj;Jiw Nghd;wtw;wpd;
tptfhuq;fshdhYk; rupNa. kf;fs; MNyhrid kd;w ngUk;ghd;ik cWg;gpdu;fspd;
fUj;jhf ,Uf;Fk; jUzq;fspy; mJ fyP/ghit fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;>
ngUk;ghd;ikapy;yhjNghJ fl;Lg;gLj;jhJ.
khtl;lMl;rpahsH my;yJ khefuhl;rpj; jiytu; (Mkpy;- Amil) MSdu; (Wali),
fyP/ghtpd; cjtpahsu; MfpatHfisg; gw;wp mjpUg;jpia ntspg;gLj;Jtjw;F kf;fs;
MNyhrid kd;w cWg;gpdu;fSf;F cupikAz;L. NkYk; ,e;j tp\aj;jpy;
cWg;gpdu;fspd; fUj;J fyP/ghitf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;. vdNt mtu; mjpUg;jpf;F
Mshd Ml;rpahsu;fis gjtpapypUe;J fl;lhak; tpLtpj;J tpl Ntz;Lk;.
fyP/gh Vw;Wmkyhf;fk;(Adoption) nra;a vz;zpAs;s rl;lq;fs;> murpay; rhrdk;>
(iv)
murhizfs; Mfpatw;iwg; gw;wp kf;fs; MNyhrid kd;wj;jplk; Fwpg;gplyhk;. kf;fs;
MNyhrid kd;w K];ypk; cWg;gpdu;fSf;F mij tpthjpf;fTk; mit gw;wpa
fUj;Jf;fis $wTk; cupikAz;L. Mdhy; ,e;j fUj;Jf;fs; fyP/ghitf;
fl;Lg;gLj;jhJ.
(v) fyP/gh gjtpf;F Nghl;bapLk; Ntl;ghsu;fspd; ngau;fis kf;fs; MNyhrid
kd;wk; gl;baypl Ntz;Lk;. ve;j Ntl;ghsiuAk; Nghl;bapypUe;J tpyf;f KbahJ.
,e;j tp\aj;jpy; kf;fs; MNyhrid kd;wj;jpd; KbT midtiuAk;
fl;Lg;gLj;jf;$baJ. gl;baypLjypy; fye;J nfhs;tjw;F K];ypk; cWg;gpdu;fSf;F
kl;Lk; cupikAz;L.
r%f mikg;G - Social Systems
tpjp 108:
r%f tho;tpy; ngz;zpd; gpujhd gq;fspg;G mts; jhahfTk;> kidtpahfTk;
flikahw;WtJjhd;. mts; r%fj;jpd; fTukhf ,Uf;fpwhs;> vdNt mts;
ghJfhf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 109:
mbg;gilapNyNa MZk;> ngz;Zk; xUtuplkpUe;J kw;nwhUtu; gpupj;J
itf;fg;gl;bUg;ghu;fs;. \upah mDkjpj;j Njitapd; nghUl;Nl jtpu mtu;fs;
re;jpj;Jf; nfhs;sf;$lhJ. tzpfk;> Gdpj ahj;jpiu (`[;) Nghd;w \upah
mDkjpj;j Njitapd; mbg;gilapy; kl;Lk;jhd; re;jpg;G mDkjpf;fg;gLk;.
tpjp 110:
\upah Mjhuj;jpd; mbg;gilapy;> ,UghyUf;Fk; ,Uf;fpd;w jdpj;jd;ikahd
tp\aq;fisj; jtpu;j;J> MZf;Fk; ngz;Zf;Fk; flikapYk; cupikapYk; rkj;Jtk;
cz;L. MfNt tzpfk;> tptrhak;> njhopw;rhiy Mfpatw;wpy; gzpfspy; <LgLtJ>
xg;ge;jq;fspy; gq;F nfhs;tJ> nfhLf;fy; thq;fypy; <LgLtJ> midj;J tpjkhd
nrhj;Jf;fisAk; mile;J nfhs;tJ> Rakhf jd;dplKs;s gzj;ij KjyPL
nra;tJ my;yJ kw;wtu;fs; %ykhf mij nra;tJ> kw;Wk; tho;tpd; midj;J
tifahd tptfhuq;fisAk; ifahz;L nfhs;tJ Mfpa tp\aq;fspy; ngz;Zf;F
cupik cz;L.
tpjp 111:
Nju;jy; eltbf;iffspy; gq;nfLj;Jf; nfhz;L fyP/ghit Nju;e;njLf;fTk;
mtUf;F igmj; nfhLf;fTk;> kf;fs; MNyhrid kd;wj;jpy; cWg;gpduhf ,Uf;fTk;
ngz;Zf;F cupikAz;L. Ml;rpj;Jiw my;yhj muR gjtpfspy; mYtyuhf
,Ug;gjw;Fk; ngz;Zf;F cupikAz;L.
tpjp 112:
Ml;rpahsu; nghWg;Gf;F ngz;fs; mDkjpf;fg;gl khl;lhu;fs;. MfNt fyP/gh>
fyP/gh cjtpahsu;> MSdu;> Mkpy; Mfpa gjtpfis ngz;fs; tfpf;f ,ayhJ.
Ml;rpj;Jiw eltbf;iffs; vijAk; Nkw;nfhs;s KbahJ. jiyik ePjpgjp>
k`;fkhj; ePjpgjp> [p`hJ jiytu; Mfpa gjtpfis tfpg;gjw;Fk; ngz;fSf;F
mDkjpapy;iy.
tpjp 113:
ngz;fs; nghJ tho;f;ifapYk; jdpg;gl;l tho;f;ifapYk; ,Uf;fpd;whu;fs;.
mtu;fspd; nghJ tho;f;ifapy; kw;w ngz;fSlDk;> jpUkzk; nra;tjw;F jil
nra;ag;gl;l Mz;fSlDk; (k`;ukhdtu;fs;) tho;e;Jnfhs;tjw;F mtu;fSf;F
mDkjpAz;L. me;epa Mz;fis(jpUkzk; nra;tjw;F MFkhd Mz;fs;)
re;jpf;Fk;NghJ `p[hg; mzpe;fpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. mjhtJ Kfk; iffs; (kzpf;fl;L
kl;Lk;) jtpu kw;w clypd; ghfq;fs; kiwf;fg;gl;l epiyapy;> mtu;fs; Milfs;
mtu;fSila moif ntspg;gLj;jhjthW ,Uf;Fk; epiyapy;> me;epa Mz;fis
mtu;fs; re;jpf;fyhk;. jdpg;gl;l tho;f;ifapy; ngz;fNshLk; k`ukhd Mz;fNshL
kl;Lk;jhd; ngz;fs; thoKbAk;. me;epa Mz;fNshL tho;tjw;F mDkjp ,y;iy.
,e;j ,uz;L epiyfspYk; ngz;fs; \upah rl;lq;fSf;F Vw;g jq;fis
fl;Lg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 114:
jpUkzk; nra;Jnfhs;s MFkhd ve;j Mz;fSlDk; jdpg;gl;l Kiwapy;
tho;tjw;F ngz;fs; jil nra;ag;gl;Ls;sdu;. moif ntspg;gilahff;
fhz;gpg;gjw;Fk;> me;epa Mz;fs; Kd;dpiyapy; cly; moif fhz;gpg;gjw;Fk;
mtu;fs; jilnra;ag;gl;Ls;sdu;.
tpjp 115:
xOf;f rPyq;fSf;F gq;fk; Vw;gLj;Jk; tpjkhf Mz;fSk; ngz;fSk; ve;j
nray;ghl;bYk; <Lglf;$lhJ. my;yJ r%fj;jpd; khd;gpw;F Nrjk; Vw;gLj;Jk;
tifapYk; ele;J nfhs;sf $lhJ.
tpjp 116:
jpUkz tho;f;ifjhd; kd mikjp Vw;gLj;Jtjw;Fk;> JizAld; tho;tjw;Fk;
Vw;wjhFk;. kidtpia nghWj;J fztdpd; nghWg;G mtis ghJfhg;gJjhNdjtpu
Mjpf;fk; nra;tjy;y. kidtp fztDf;F fl;Lg;gl;L elf;f flikg;gl;lts;.
mtSila tho;f;if Njitfis Kiwahf epiwNtw;w fztd; flikg;gl;ltd;.
tpjp 117:
jpUkzkhd jk;gjpfs; FLk;g flikfis epiwNtw;Wtjpy; xUtUf;nfhUtu;
KOikahf cjtp nra;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. tPl;Lf;F ntspapYs;s ,ay;ghd
gzpfis rPupa Kiwapy; fztd; Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mNj Ntisapy; tPl;Lf;Fs;
,Uf;Fk; ,ay;ghd gzpfis kidtp rPupa Kiwapy; Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. tPl;Lg;
gzpfis Nkw;nfhs;Sk; NghJ kidtpf;F rpukk; Vw;gl;lhy; fztd; cjtp nra;a
Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 118:
Foe;ijfis ghJfhg;gJ jhapd; flikahfTk;> cupikahfTk; ,Uf;fpd;wd.
mts; K];ypkhf ,Ue;jhYk; ,y;yhtpl;lhYk; rupNa. Foe;ijf;F jhapd; ftdpg;G
Njitg;gLk; tiuapy; jha; mjid ftdpj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. Mz; Foe;ijNah>
ngz; Foe;ijNah> mjw;F jhapd; ftdpg;G Njitapy;iy vd;wepiy tUk;NghJ
ngw;Nwhu;fspy; jhq;fs; tpUk;Gk; egNuhL mtu;fs; Nru;e;J tho;e;J nfhs;syhk;.
ngw;Nwhu;fspy; xUtu; kl;LNk K];ypkhf ,Uf;Fk; gl;rj;jpy; K];ypk; ngw;NwhUld;
tho;tijj; jtpu Foe;ijf;F NtW topapy;iy.
nghUshjhu mikg;G - Economic System
tpjp 119:
kdpjdpd; Njitfs; epiwT nra;ag;gLtJ gw;wp NgRk; NghJ> r%fk; vt;thW
,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w fz;Nzhl;lk;jhd; nghUshjhu Nkyhz;ik (Economical
managements) vdg;gLfpwJ. MfNt r%fk; vt;thW ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gJjhd;
Njitfis epiwT nra;J nfhs;tjpd; mbg;gilahf vLj;Jf;nfhs;sg;gLfpwJ.
tpjp 120:
ehl;bd; Fbkf;fs; midtUf;Fk; epjpiaAk; nghUshjhu gyd;fisAk; my;yJ
eyg;gzpfspd; gad;fisAk; vt;thW tpdpNahfk; nra;tJ vd;gJk;> ,e;j epjpiaAk;
gyd;fisAk;> eyg;gzpapd; gad;fisAk; kf;fs; Kad;W jf;fitj;Jf; nfhs;Sk;
tifapy; mtu;fSf;F cjtpLtJk;jhd; mbg;gil nghUshjhu gpur;ridahf
,Uf;fpwJ.
tpjp 121:
xt;nthU jdp egUf;Fk; mtuJ mbg;gil Njitfis muR KOikahf epiwT
nra;a Ntz;Lk;. jdJ nropg;ghd Mlk;gu tho;f;ifia cau;e;j gl;r msTf;F
epiwT nra;J nfhs;tjw;F mtUf;F cj;jputhjk; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 122:
my;yh`;(RG) kl;Lk;jhd; midj;J nghUl;fSf;Fk; v[khdd;> mtd; kdpj
,dj;ij mitfSf;F thuprhf;fpapUf;fpd;whd;. ,e;j nghJthd nghWg;gpd;
fhuzkhf> kdpjtu;f;fk; nrhj;Jf;fis mile;Jnfhs;Sk; cupikiag; ngw;Ws;sJ.
nrhj;Jf;fis mile;Jnfhs;s jdpkdpjDf;F my;yh`;(RG) tpd; mDkjp
,Ug;gjd; Kbthf> cs;sgbNa mtd; mtw;iwg; ngw;Ws;shd;.
tpjp 123:
nrhj;Jf;fs; %d;W tifg;gLk; mitahtd: jdpahu; nrhj;Jf;fs;> nghJ
nrhj;Jf;fs;> muR nrhj;Jf;fs; MfpaitahFk;.
tpjp 124:
jdpahu; nrhj;J vd;gJ xU ,iwrl;lkhFk;> mJ me;j nrhj;ijf; nfhz;Nl
jPu;khdpf;fg;gLfpwJ my;yJ mjdplkpUe;J ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sk; gad;fis itj;J
jPu;khdpf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,e;j nrhj;Jf;fis ngw;wpUg;gjd; tpisthf mij ngw;Ws;s
egu; mtw;wplkpUe;J gad;fis ngw;Wf; nfhs;fpwhu; my;yJ mjdhy; rpy
mD$yq;fis mile;J nfhs;fpwhu;.
tpjp 125:
nghJ nrhj;J vd;gJ> nrhj;Jf;fspypUe;J gad;fisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjpy;
rKjhak; gq;Nfw;gJ Fwpj;j \upahtpd; mDkjpahFk;.
tpjp 126:
muR nrhj;J vd;gJ> mtw;wpd; nrytpdq;fs; fyP/ghtpd; mgpg;uhag;gb mtuJ
,[;jp`hj; mbg;gilapy; kl;Lk; jPu;khdpf;fg;gLfpd;w midj;J nrhj;Jf;fisAk;
cs;slf;fpajhFk;. cjhuzk; tupapd; %ykhff; fpilf;Fk; gzk;> epytup> [p];ah
Nghd;witahFk;.
tpjp 127:
vspjpy; gzkhf;fg;gl$ba nrhj;Jf;fs; (Liquid Assets) kw;Wk; epiyahd
nrhj;Jf;fs; (Fixed Assets) Mfpatw;iwf; nfhz;l jdpahu; nrhj;Jf;fs; fPo;fz;l
my;yh`;(RG)tpd; tifKiwapy; (Divine Means - Asbab) fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.
(a) ciog;G %yk; mile;Jnfhs;tJ.
(b) kuG topapy; mile;Jnfhs;tJ (Inharitance)
(c) tho;f;ifj; Njitf;fhf nrhj;Jf;fis mile;J nfhs;tJ.
(d) muR epjpapypUe;J Fbkfd; ed;nfhilahf mile;Jnfhs;tJ.
(e) Kaw;rp ,y;yhkNyh my;yJ tpiynfhLj;J thq;fhkNyh xU jdpkdpju;
mile;Jnfhs;tJ(md;gspg;G).
tpjp 128:
nrhj;Jf;fis nrytspg;gjhf ,Ue;jhYk; my;yJ Nrh;j;J itj;Jf;nfhs;tjhf
,Ue;jhYk;> mJ rl;lk; ,aw;Wgtuhd (Legislator – khitab asshaari’)my;yh`;(RG)tpd;
mDkjpapdhy; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.
tpjp 129:
tpisr;rypy; tupnfhLf;Fk; epyk; (Al Ushariah) vd;gjpy;> mugpa jPgfw;gj;jpw;Fs;
,Uf;Fk; epyKk;> epyj;ij ngw;wpUf;Fk; epiyapy; ,];yhj;ij jOtptpl;ltu;fSf;F
(mjhtJ ,];yhkpa muR [p`hJ Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F Kd;) nrhe;jkhd epyKk;
mlq;Fk;. tuptpjpg;G epyk;(Al kharajiah)vd;gJ mugpa jPgfw;gk; ePq;fyhf [p`hJ
%ykhf mjhtJ Aj;jk; my;yJ mikjp xg;ge;jk; %ykhf jpwe;J tplg;gl;l
midj;J epyq;fshFk;. tpisr;rypy; tupnfhLf;Fk; epyk; mjd; gad;fNshL Nru;e;J
jdpegUf;F nrhe;jkhdJ. tuptpjpf;Fk; epyk; muRf;F nrhe;jkhdJ. mjd; gaid
jdpegu; mile;J nfhs;fpwhu;. \upah xg;ge;jj;jpd; %ykhf tpisr;rypy;
tupnfhLf;Fk; epyj;ijAk; (Al Ushariah) tuptpjpg;G epyj;jpd; (Al Kharajiah) gaidAk;
guptu;j;jid nra;J nfhs;tjw;F midtUf;Fk; cupikAz;L. ,itfisAk;
,tw;iwNghy; cs;s kw;w nrhj;Jf;fisAk; guk;giu topapy; xUtu; mile;J
nfhs;syhk;.
tpjp 130:
epyj;jpw;F Gj;Japu; Cl;Ltjpd; %ykhf jupR epyq;fis (fallowland-Muwat) xUtH
mile;J nfhs;syhk;. mjhtJ ePu; ghrd trjp nra;J nfhs;tJ my;yJ Ntyp
mikj;J ghJfhg;gJ Mfpa topfspy; mtw;iw mile;J nfhs;syhk;. tptrha
epyq;fis> guk;giutopapy; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tJ> tpiy nfhLj;J thq;FtJ> my;yJ
murpdhy; ed;nfhilahf ngw;Wf;nfhs;tJ> Mfpa \upahtpd; topKiwg;gbjhd;
mile;J nfhs;s KbAk;.
tpjp 131:
ve;j tif epykhf ,Ue;jhYk; tptrha Fj;jif tpLtJ jLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. kuk;
elg;gl;Ls;s ,lq;fspy; kyu;g;gapu; nra;tJ mDkjpf;fg;gl;lJ. kw;w epyq;fspy;
kyu;g;gapu; nra;tJ jLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
tpjp 132:
epyj;jpd; cupikahsH xt;nthUtUk; jd;Dila epyj;ijg; gad;gLj;Jtjw;F
flikg;gl;Ls;sdu;. ,jw;F cjtpLk; nghUl;L> Njit cs;stu;fSf;F muR
fUT+yfj;jpypUe;J fld; toq;fg;gLk;. vtNuDk; jd;Dila epyj;ij %d;W
tUlq;fSf;FNky; juprhf tpl;L itj;jpUe;jhy; (cgNahfg;gLj;jhky; ,Ue;jhy;)
mtuplkpUe;J me;j epyk; vLf;fg;gl;L kw;wtu;fSf;F toq;fg;gLk;.
tpjp 133:
nghJ nrhj;Jf;fs; fPo;fz;l ,dq;fspy; (Catogories) mlq;Fk;. mitahtd:
(i) efu G+q;fh Nghd;w nghJkf;fs; cgNahfj;jpw;FupaJ.
(ii) vz;iz tay; Nghd;w kpFe;j fdpkts Mjhuq;fs; cilait.
(iii) MWfs; Nghd;w mjd; ,ay;ghy; jdpegu; nrhe;jkhf;fp nfhs;s tpyf;F ngw;w
,aw;nghUl;fs; (Nature things)
tpjp 134:
njhopw;$lq;fs; mjd; jd;ikapd; fhuzkhf jdpahu; nrhj;jhf Mf;fg;gl;Ls;sd>
vdpDk; mjDs; cw;gj;jpahFk; nghUl;fisg; nghUj;jtiu rl;l tpjpKiwfSf;F
cl;gl;L ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. cw;gj;jpahFk; nghUl;fs; jdpahu; nrhj;J tifia
Nru;e;jJ vd;why; me;j njhopw;$lk; jdpahu; nrhj;J vd;W fUjg;gLk;. mjpy;
cw;gj;jpahFk; nghUs; ,Uk;Gj;jhJ (Iron Ore) Nghd;w nghJkf;fs; nrhj;J tifiar;
rhu;e;jJ vd;why; me;j njhopw;$lk; nghJ nrhj;jhf fUjg;gLk;.
tpjp 135:
jdpahu; nrhj;Jf;fis nghJ nrhj;jhf khw;Wtjw;F muRf;F mjpfhuk; ,y;iy.
Vnddpy; nghJ nrhj;J vd;gij mjd; jd;ikapid itj;J epu;zak;
nra;ag;gLfpwNj jtpu murpd; fz;Nzhl;lj;ij itj;J my;y.
tpjp 136:
midtUf;Fk; nghJ nrhj;ij mDgtpf;Fk; cupikAz;L. jdpkdpju; vtUk;
nghJ nrhj;Jf;fis VfNghfkhf mile;J nfhs;sNth my;yJ gad;gLj;jNth
mDkjpg;gjw;F muRf;F mjpfhuk; fpilahJ.
tpjp 137:
Fbkf;fs; rpyupd; eyDf;fhf jupR epyq;fspd; xU gFjpiaNah my;yJ nghJ
nrhj;ijNah ghJfhj;J itg;gjw;F muRf;F mjpfhuk; cz;L.
tpjp 138:
]fhj; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ltpl;l NghjpYk; gzj;ij Nrkpg;G vd;w ngaupy; Klf;fp
itg;gJ jLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
tpjp 139:
\upah Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s Kiwapy; nrhj;Jf;fs; kPJ K];ypk;fsplj;jpy; ]fhj;
t#ypf;fg;gLfpwJ. mjhtJ nuhf;fk;> tzpf nghUl;fs;> fhy;eilfs;> jhdpaq;fs;
Mfpait kPJ ]fhj; t#ypf;fg;gLfpwJ. \upah Fwpg;gplhj ve;j nghUSf;Fk; ]fhj;
t#ypf;fg;gl khl;lhJ. xt;nthU nrhj;jpd; cupikahsuplkpUe;Jk; ]fhj;
vLf;fg;gLfpwJ. mtu; rl;l uPjpahf nghWg;Ngw;ff; $batuhf (Mukallaf) ,Ue;jhYk;
(taJ te;jtuhfTk;> Gj;jp RthjPdk; cilatuhfTk; ,Ug;gJ) my;yJ mt;thW
,y;yhtpl;lhYk;(taJf;FtuhjtuhfTk; Gj;jpRthjPdk; ,y;yhjtuhfTk; ,Ug;gJ)
]fhj; t#ypf;fg;gLk;. ]fhj; nghUl;fs; fUT+yfj;jpd; (Bayt ul ma’l) jdpf;fzf;fpy;
itf;fg;gl;L rq;iff;Fupa Fu;Mdpy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s vl;L gpuptpdu;fspy;
cs;stu;fSf;F kl;Lk; tpdpNahfpf;fg;gLk;.
tpjp 140:
[p];ah vdg;gLk; jdpegu; tup K];ypk; my;yhjtu;fsplk; (Dimmis) t#ypf;fg;gLfpwJ.
taJ te;j Mz; tup nrYj;Jtjw;F nghUshjhu uPjpapy; jpwd; ngw;wpUe;jhy; kl;LNk
,J t#ypf;fg;gLk;. ngz;fsplKk; Foe;ijfsplKk; ,e;j tup t#ypf;fg;gl
khl;lhJ.
tpjp 141:
tpisr;ry; jpwDf;F jf;fthW tpis epyq;fspd; tup (Kharaj) t#ypf;fg;gLfpwJ.
vdpDk; [p`hJ %ykhf ngw;w epyq;fSf;F (Ushar) mjd; cz;ikahd tpisr;ry;
mbg;gilapy; ]fhj; t#ypf;fg;gLk;.
tpjp 142:
fUT+yfj;jpd; nrytpdq;fis re;jpg;gjw;fhf \upah mDkjpj;jtw;wpy; kl;Lk;
K];ypk;fsplkpUe;J tup t#ypf;fg;gLfpwJ. jdp egupd; Njitf;F kpQ;rp cgupahf
,Ug;gtw;wpd; kPJ kl;LNk tup tpjpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;w epge;jidNahLjhd; tup
t#ypf;fg;gLfpwJ. muR nrytpdq;fis re;jpg;gjw;F Njitahd msT tup
tpjpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
tpjp 143:
K];ypk;fs; Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;ba nray;ghLfs; Fwpj;j \upahtpd; fl;lisg;gb>
nray;gLj;jNtz;ba gzpfSf;F Njitahd gzk; fUT+yfj;jpd; ,Ug;gpy;
,y;yhjNghJ> ck;khtplkpUe;J tup t#y; nra;J nfhs;tjw;F muRf;F mjpfhuk;
cz;L. K];ypk;fs; Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd;W \upah fl;lisaplhj
fhupaq;fSf;fhf kf;fsplk; tuptpjpg;G nra;tjw;F muRf;F mDkjpapy;iy. MfNt ePjp
kd;wj;jpw;fhfNth my;yJ muRj;JiwfSf;fhfNth>epu;thf nrytpdq;fSf;fhfNth
my;yJ ve;j eyj;jpl;lj;jpw;fhfNth fl;lzk; t#ypg;gjw;F muRf;F mDkjpapy;iy.
tpjp 144:
murpd; tuTnryT jpl;lj;ij Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F> m`;fhk; \upahtpdhy;
jPu;khdpf;fg;gl;l epue;ju epjp Mjhuk; ,Uf;fpwJ. tuTnryT jpl;lk; (Budget) gy
gFjpfshf gpupf;fg;gLk;. xt;nthU gFjpf;Fk; xJf;fg;gLk; epjpAk;> vj;jifa
gzpfSf;F mit nrytplg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;gJk; fyP/ghtpd; fz;Nzhl;lj;jpd;gbAk;
mtuJ ,[;jp`hj; mbg;gilapYk; jPu;khdpf;fg;gLk;.
tpjp 145:
fUT+yfj;jpd; tUkhdj;jpw;F epue;ju epjp Mjhuq;fshtd:
Aj;j fdPkj; nghUl;fs; (Faya) [p];ah(Jizyah)> fu[; (epytup - Kharaj)> Gijaypy;
Ie;jpy; xU ghfk; (Rikaz),]fhj;(Zakah) MfpaitahFk;. Njit ,Uf;fpwNjh
,y;iyNah njhlu;e;j ,e;j epjpfs; midj;Jk; t#ypf;fg;gLk;.
tpjp 146:
murpd; nrytpdq;fis re;jpg;gjw;F fUT+yfj;jpd; epue;ju tUtha; Mjhuk;
thapyhf fpilf;Fk; tUtha; Nghjtpy;iynadpy; fUT+yf flikfSf;F Njitahd
tUtha;f;F tuptpjpg;G nra;tjw;F muRf;F mDkjpAz;L.
fUT+yfj;jpd; flikfs; gpd;tUkhW:
twpatu;fSf;F cjtpLjy;> Njit cs;stu;fSf;F mtu;fsJ Njitia
(i)
epiwT nra;jy;> topg;Nghf;fu;fSf;F cjtpLjy;> [p`hJ flikia epiwNtw;Wjy;.
Ml;rpahsu;fSf;Fk;> muR Copau;fSf;Fk; Cjpak; mspj;jy;> Nghu; tPuu;fSf;F
(ii)
Njitahd czT nghUl;fis toq;Fjy;.
eyg;gzpfis Nkw;nfhs;Sjy;> FbePu; trjp nra;jy;> rhiyfs; mikj;jy;>
(iii)
,iwapy;yq;fs; mikj;jy;> fy;tpf;$lq;fs; kw;Wk; kUj;Jt kidfs; epWTjy;
Nghd;w fUT+yfj;jpw;F flikahdtw;iwAk; nghJ kf;fs;
cgNahfj;jpw;FupitfisAk; Nkw;nfhs;Sjy;.
,aw;if rPuopT> gQ;rk;> nts;s mghak;> G+fk;gk; Mfpa mtru gzpfis
(iv)
Nkw;nfhs;Sjy;.
tpjp 147:
nghJ nrhj;J kw;Wk; muR nrhj;Jf;fspypUe;J fpilf;Fk; tUtha;> thuprpd;wp
kuzkilgtu;fspd; nrhj;J> ,];yhj;jpypUe;J ntspNawpatu;fspd; (Murtad) nrhj;J>
ehl;bd; vy;iyf; Nfhl;by; tpjpf;fg;gLk; Rq;ftup Mfpatw;wpypUe;J fpilf;Fk;
tUtha; ,it midj;Jk; fUT+yf Mtzj;jpy; gjpT nra;ag;gLk;.
tpjp 148:
fUT+yfj;jpd; nrytpdq;fs; fPo;fz;l MW gpuptpdUf;F kj;jpapy; tpdpNahfk;
nra;ag;gLfpwJ.
(i) ]fhj; gzj;ij ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;F cupik ngw;w vl;L gpuptpdUf;F
tpdpNahfpf;fg;gLk;> ]fhj; fzf;fpy; gzk; ,y;yhjgl;rj;jpy; gzk; tpdpNahfpf;fg;gl
khl;lhJ.
(ii) twpatu;fs;> NjitAs;stu;fs;> topg;Nghf;fu;fs;> fldhspfs;> [p`hJ
flikapy; <LgLgtu;fs; MfpNahu;fSf;F epjpAjtp mspg;gjw;F Njitahd epjp
gw;whf;Fiwahf ,Uf;Fk; rkaj;jpy; epue;ju tUtha; Mjhuj;jpypUe;J epjpAjtp
mspf;fg;gLk;.epjp gw;whf;Fiwahf ,Uf;Fk;NghJ fldhspfs; ngWk; epjpAjtp epWj;jp
itf;fg;gLk;. twpatu;fs;> NjitAs;stu;fs;> Aj;j nrytpdq;fs;> [p`hJ
Nkw;nfhs;Sjy; Mfpatw;wpw;fhf t#ypf;fg;gl;l tupg;gzj;jpypUe;J
Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;ltu;fSf;F epr;rakhf epjpAjtp mspf;fg;gLk;. mtu;fs; Coy;
tptfhuq;fspy; <Lgl;LtplhjpUf;Fk; tifapy; Njitg;gl;lhy; ,e;j fhupaq;fSf;fhf
muR fld; %yk; epjpAjtp nra;Ak;.
(iii) Ml;rpahsu;fs;> Nghu; tPuu;fs; Nghd;w flikahw;Wgtu;fSf;Fk;> muR Copau;fs;
Nghd;w gzpahsHfSf;Fk; fUT+yfk; epr;rakhf epjpAjtp nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
,tHfSf;Fj; Njitg;gLk; epjp gw;whf;Fiwahf ,Uf;Fk;gl;rj;jpy; mtw;wpd;
nrytpdq;fis re;jpg;gjw;fhf cldbahf tuptpjpg;G Nkw;nfhz;L epjp t#y;
nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; Coy; tptfhuq;fSf;F tha;g;G ,Uf;Fk; vd;W muR
mQ;Rk;gl;rj;jpy;> muR %yk; flDjtp clNd toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
(iv) rhiyfs;> ,iwapy;yq;fs;> kUj;Jt kidfs;> fy;tpf;$lq;fs; Mfpatw;iw
mikf;Fk; Kf;fpa gzpfSf;Fk;> nghJkf;fs; cgNahf nghUl;fSf;Fk; epjpAjtp
mspf;f Ntz;Lk;.
(v) mj;jpahtrpakw;w gzpfSf;Fk;> nghJkf;fs; gad;gLj;Jk; nghUl;fSf;Fk;
fUT+yfk; epjpaspf;Fk;. Mdhy; epjp gw;whf;Fiw ,Uf;Fk; rkaq;fspy; mitfspd;
epjpAjtp jw;fhypfkhf epWj;jp itf;fg;gLk;.
nts;s mghak;> G+fk;gk; Nghd;w ,aw;if rPuopTfSf;F fUT+yfk; epr;rakhf
(vi)
epjpAjtp mspf;f Ntz;Lk;. epjp gw;whf;Fiw ,Ug;gpd; muR cldbahf
nghJkf;fsplkpUe;J fld; ngw;W Njitia epiwNtw;w Ntz;Lk;. gpwF
tupt#ypypUe;J me;j fld;fis gl;Lthlh nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 149:
FbAupik ngw;w midj;J Fbkf;fSf;Fk; muR Ntiy tha;g;G Vw;gLj;jpf;
nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 150:
jdpahu; epWtd Copau;fSf;Fk;> nrhe;jkhf njhopy; Nkw;nfhs;gtu;fSf;Fk;
muR Copau;fSf;F ,Ug;gijg; Nghd;w mNj flikAk; cupikAk; ,Uf;fpd;wd.
gzpapd; jd;ik vt;thW ,Ue;j NghjpYk;> Cjpaj;jpw;fhf ciof;Fk; xt;nthUtUk;
Copau; vd;Nw fUjg;gLthu;fs;. njhopy; mjpgu;fSf;Fk; njhopyhsu;fSf;Fk; Cjpa
msTfs; Fwpj;J ru;r;ir Vw;gl;lhy;> re;ij nghUshjhu epiyfSf;F (Market Rate)
Vw;g Cjpak; epu;dapf;fg;gLk;. kw;w tp\q;fspy; ,UrhuhUf;Fk; fUj;J NtWghL
,Uf;Fk;gl;rj;jpy; \upah rl;lq;fspd; mbg;gilapy; njhopy; xg;ge;jk; Vw;gLj;jg;gLk;.
tpjp 151:
Copau;fspd; eyd; mbg;gilapy; my;yJ gzpapd; jd;ik mbg;gilapy; Cjpak;
epu;dak; nra;ag;gLNkjtpu Copau;fspd; mwpTj;jpwd;>my;yJ jFjp mbg;gilapy;
my;y. tUlhe;jpu Cjpa cau;T vJTk; toq;fg;glkhl;lhJ> mjw;F gjpyhf
mtu;fs; nra;Ak; gzpapd; jd;ik mbg;gilapy; mtu;fSf;F jFjpahd Cjpak;
toq;fg;gLk;.
tpjp 152:
jk;trk; gzk; ,y;yhkYk;> ve;j njhopYk; nra;tjw;F tha;g;G ,y;yhkYk;> jkJ
nghUshjhu Njitfis epiwT nra;Ak; cwtpdu;fs; vtUk; ,y;yhkYk;
,Ug;gtu;fspd; tho;f;if Njitia epiwT nra;jtw;F muR cj;jputhjk; mspf;f
Ntz;Lk;. FbapUg;Gfis mikg;gjw;Fk;> CdKw;wtu;fisAk;> jpwdw;wtu;fisAk;
ghJfhg;gjw;Fk; muNr nghWg;Ngw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 153:
nry;tk; midj;J kf;fsplKk; Rw;wp tUtjw;F muR cupa Kaw;rpfs; Nkw;nfhs;s
Ntz;Lk;. r%fj;jpy; xU rpyuplk; kl;Lk; nry;tk; Rw;wpf; nfhz;bUg;gij muR jil
nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 154:
xt;nthU FbkfDk; jd;Dila nropg;ghd Mlk;gu tho;it epiwT nra;J
nfhs;tjw;F muR fLk;gzpahw;wNtz;Lk;. NkYk; jq;fsplKs;s nghUshjhuj;ijf;
nfhz;L jukhd tho;f;if juj;ij ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;F fPo;fz;l tifapy; muR
gzpahw;w Ntz;Lk;.
(i) fUT+yfj;jpypUe;Jk;> Nghu; fdPkj;jpypUe;Jk; vspjpy; gzkhf;ff;$ba
nrhj;Jf;fisAk;> epue;ju nrhj;Jf;fisAk; midj;J Fbkf;fSf;Fk; muR toq;fpl
Ntz;Lk;.
(ii) epykw;wtu;fSf;Fk;> Nghjpa epyk; ,y;yhjtu;fSf;Fk; murpd; tpisr;ry;
epyq;fspypUe;J ed;nfhilahf muR toq;f Ntz;Lk;. epyj;ijg; ngw;wpUe;Jk; mij
cgNahfpf;fhky; ,Ug;gtu;fSf;F epyk; toq;ff;$lhJ. epyj;ij gad;gLj;Jtjw;F
trjp ,y;yhjtu;fSf;F epjpAjtp nra;J> mtu;fs; epyj;ij gad;gLj;Jk;gb nra;a
Ntz;Lk;.
flid milg;gjw;F topapy;yhky; f\;lg;gLgtu;fSf;F ]fhj;jpypUe;Jk; Nghu;
(iii)
fdPkj;jpypUe;Jk; epjpAjtp mspf;f Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 155:
tptrhaf; nfhs;ifapd; mtrpaj;jpw;Nfw;g tptrha eltbf;iffisAk;> tptrha
cw;gj;jp nghUl;fisAk; muR Nkw;ghu;itapl Ntz;Lk;. ,jd;%yk; epyj;jpd;
jpwDf;Nfw;g cw;gj;jpia cau;e;jgl;rkhf vl;l KbAk;.
tpjp 156:
njhopw;rhiyapd; midj;J tptfhuq;fisAk; muR Nkw;ghu;itapl Ntz;Lk;. nghJ
nrhj;jhf ,Uf;Fk; njhopw;rhiyfis muNr Neubahf ifapy; vLj;Jf;
nfhs;sNtz;Lk;.
tpjp 157:
tzpfk; nra;gtupd; FbAupik mbg;gilapy; ntspehl;L tzpfj;jpw;fhd (mDkjp)
tptfhuq;fs; epu;dapf;fg;gLNk jtpu nghUl;fspd; gpwg;G %yj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; my;y.
tzpfUf;Nfh my;yJ tzpf nghUl;fSf;Nfh jdpg;gl;l mDkjp toq;fg;gl;lhy;
xopa> muNrhL Aj;jk; Nkw;nfhz;bUf;Fk; ehLfspYs;s tzpfu;fSf;F ehl;by;
tzpfk; Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F mDkjp fpilahJ. cld;gbf;if nra;Js;s ehl;bd;
tzpfu;fisg; nghUj;jtiu> cld;gbf;if mk;rq;fspd; mbg;gilapy; mZFKiw
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;. ,uhZt uPjpahfNth my;yJ njhopy;El;g uPjpahfNth my;yJ
nghUshjhu uPjpahfNth vjpupfs; gad;ngWtjw;F tha;g;Gs;s nghUl;fis Vw;Wkjp
nra;tjw;F ehl;bd; Fbkfdhf ,Uf;Fk; ve;j tzpfUf;Fk; mDkjpapy;iy. vdpDk;
jq;fSf;F nrhe;jkhd ve;j nghUisAk; ,wf;Fkjp nra;J nfhs;tjw;F
jilapy;iy. Mdhy; ek;kplKk; ekJ kf;fsplKk; cz;ikahd Aj;jj;ij
Nkw;nfhz;bUf;Fk; ehLfSf;F (cjhuzk; ,];Nuy;) ,e;j tpjp nghUe;jhJ.
tzpfk; my;yJ NtW ve;j tptfhukhf ,Ue;jhYk; ,j;jifa ehLfSf;F cupa
tpjp vd;dntd;why;> cz;ikahf Aj;jk; Nkw;nfhz;Ls;s vjpup ehLfSf;F
nghUe;jf;$ba mNj tpjpjhd;.
tpjp 158:
ehl;bd; FbAupik ngw;w ve;j jdp egUf;Fk;> tho;f;if tptfhuq;fNshL
njhlu;Gila Muha;r;rpfis Nkw;nfhs;sTk;> Nrhjidf;$lq;fis mikj;Jf;
nfhs;sTk; cupikAz;L. jd; gq;fspg;ghf muRk; ,j;jifa Nrhjidf; $lq;fis
epWt Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 159:
muRf;Nfh my;yJ kf;fSf;Nfh> jPq;F tpistpf;Fk; nghUl;fis cw;gj;jp nra;Ak;
Nrhjidf; $lq;fis jdp egu;fs; ngw;wpUg;gjw;F jil nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.
tpjp 160:
midtUf;Fk; ,ytrkhf muR Rfhjhu Nritfis toq;fNtz;Lk;. Mdhy; ,J
jdpahu; kUj;Jt kidfs; ,aq;Ftjw;Fk;> kUe;Jfs; tpw;gid nra;ag;gLtjw;Fk;
jilahf ,Uf;fhJ.
tpjp 161:
me;epa KjyPl;ilAk; gzj;ijAk; ehl;by; gad;gLj;JtJ jLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
me;epa ehl;ltu;fSf;F thf;Fupik toq;fg;gLtJk; jil nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.
tpjp 162:
muR jdJ nrhe;j ehzaj;ij ntspapLfpwJ. mJ midj;J me;epa
ehzaq;fspypUe;Jk; Rje;jpukhf ,aq;ff;$baJ.
tpjp 163:
ehzaj;ij mr;rbj;jhYk; ,y;yhtpl;lhYk; muR ehzak; jq;fk; kw;Wk; nts;sp
Mfpatw;wpdhy; kl;Lk; mr;rbf;fg;gLk; tifapy; mr;rbg;G fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLk;. NtW
ve;j tif ehzaq;fisAk; muR ntspaplyhk;> Mdhy; ntspaplg;gl;l ehzaj;jpd;
kjpg;Gf;F rkkhd jq;fKk; nts;spAk; fUT+yf ,Ug;gpy; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ
epge;jidahFk;. MfNt> muR jd; ngaupy; gpj;jis kw;Wk; ntz;fyk; Mfpa
cNyhfq;fspNyh my;yJ fhfpjj;jpNyh ehzaj;ij (Currency) ntspaplyhk;. Mdhy;
jq;fk; kw;Wk; nts;spapd; ifapUg;G mjw;F rkkhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 164:
nrhe;j ehl;L ehzaj;ij khw;wpf; nfhs;tJ NghyNt me;epa ehl;L ehzaj;ij
nrhe;j ehl;L ehzaj;Jld; nryhtzp (Exchange) nra;J nfhs;tjw;F mDkjpAz;L.
ntt;NtW ehl;L ehzaq;fshf ,Uf;Fk;gl;rj;jpy;> nryhtzp kjpg;G NtWgLtJ
mDkjpf;fg;gLk;. vdpDk; ve;jtpj jhkjKk; Vw;glhky; nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;
NeubahfTk; iff;F if khw;wpf; nfhs;Sk; tpjj;jpYk; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
,uz;L ehzaq;fSk; ntt;Ntwhditfshf ,Uf;Fk; gl;rj;jpy; nryhtzp kjpg;G
NtWgLtJk;> Vw;w ,wf;fk; Vw;gLtJk; ,ay;ghdNj> ,jw;F ve;jtpj fl;Lg;ghLk;
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl khl;lhJ. ehl;bw;F cs;NsNah my;yJ ntspapNyh midj;J
Fbkf;fSk; jq;fSf;F Njitahd ehzaq;fis> mJ ve;j ehl;L ehzakhf
,Ue;jhYk;> thq;fpf; nfhs;syhk;. ve;jtpj Kd; mDkjpAk;> rk;gpujhaKk; ,y;yhJ
mtu;fs; jq;fSf;F Njitahd ehzaq;fis nfhs;Kjy; nra;J nfhs;syhk;.
fy;tpf; nfhs;if - Educational Policy
tpjp 165:
,];yhkpa mfPjhjhd; fy;tpf;nfhs;if fl;likf;fg;gl;Ls;s mbg;gilapd;
mbj;jskhFk;.
tpjp 166:
rpe;jidapYk;> elj;ijapYk; ,];yhkpa jdpj;Jt jd;ikia (Islamic Personality-As
shakhshiah Islamiah) cUthf;FtJjhd; fy;tp fw;gpj;jypd; Nehf;fkhFk;. MfNt
ghlj;jpl;lj;jpy; ,lk;ngw;wpUf;Fk; midj;J gapw;Wg;ghlq;fSk; ,e;j
mbg;gilapy;jhd; Nju;T nra;ag;gLfpd;wd.
tpjp 167:
,];yhkpa jdpj;Jtjd;ikia(As shakhshiah Islamiah) kf;fsplk; cUthf;FtJk;>
tho;tpaNyhL njhlu;Gila tptfhuq;fisg;gw;wpa mwpit toq;FtJk;jhd; fy;tpapd;
Fwpf;NfhshFk;. ,e;j Fwpf;Nfhis vl;Ltjw;F Vw;whw;Nghy; fw;gpj;jy;Kiw
cUthf;fg;gLk;> ,jw;F khw;wkhd Kiwfs; jil nra;ag;gLk;.
tpjp 168:
fzpjk; Nghd;w Muha;e;J mwpfpd;w mwptpaYf;Fk; (Empherical Science) fyhr;rhu
mwptpaYf;Fk; ,ilapYs;s NtWghLfs; njspthf tiuaWf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
Muha;r;rp mwptpaYk; mjNdhL njhlu;GilaitfSk; Njitapd; mbg;gilapy;
gapw;Wtpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ve;jepiyapYk; mtw;wpd; fw;gpj;jypy; fl;Lg;ghL
,Uf;ff;$lhJ. fyhr;rhu mwptpaiyg; nghUj;jtiu ,];yhkpa rpe;jidfSf;Fk;
rl;lq;fSf;Fk; Kuz;glhj Fwpg;gpl;l nfhs;ifapd; mbg;gilapy;> Muk;ggs;spfspYk;>
eLepiy fy;tpf; $lq;fspYk; gapw;Wtpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. cau;epiyf; fy;tpapy;> kw;w
mwptpay; gapw;Wtpf;fg;gLtJNghyNt fyhr;rhu mwptpaYk; gapw;Wtpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
mitfs; Nkw;$wg;gl;l fy;tp nfhs;ifapypUe;Jk; fy;tpapd; Nehf;fj;jpypUe;Jk;
tpyfpr; nry;yhky; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 169:
fy;tpapd; midj;J epiyfspYk; ,];yhkpa fyhr;rhuk; gapw;Wtpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kUj;Jtf; fy;tpapYk;> nghwpapay; fy;tpapYk;> ,aw;gpay; fy;tpapYk; xOq;FKiw
,Ug;gJNghy;> cau;epiy fy;tpapy; gy;NtW ,];yhkpa xOf;fkhz;Gfs;
Nghjpf;fg;gLtjw;F jFe;j Vw;ghLfs; nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 170:
fiyAk; ifj;njhopYk;> tzpftpay;> fly;gadtpay;>tptrhak; Nghd;w mwptpaNyhL
njhlu;Gilajhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j tp\aq;fspy; epge;jidfSk;
fl;Lg;ghLfSk; ,y;yhky; mitfs; gapw;Wtpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. vdpDk; rpy
re;jHg;gq;fspy;> fiy ifj;njhopy; Mfpatw;wpy;> tiufiy(Arts), rpw;gf;fiy (Sculpture)
Nghd;w njhopw;fiyfs; fyhr;rhuj;Jld; ,izf;fg;gl;L> tho;tpaiyg; gw;wpa
fz;Nzhl;lj;ij Mjpf;fk; nrYj;jf;$bajhf ,Uf;Fk;. tho;tpaiyg; gw;wpa ,e;j
fz;Nzhl;lk; ,];yhkpa tho;f;if fz;Nzhl;lj;Jld; Kuz;gLk; gl;rj;jpy; ,e;j
fiyAk; ifj;njhopYk; Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl khl;lhJ.
tpjp 171:
murpd; ghlj;jpl;lk; xd;Wjhd; mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;lJ. mijay;yhky; NtW xU
ghlj;jpl;lj;ijg; gapw;Wtpg;gjw;F mDkjpapy;iy. ,];yhj;jpw;F me;epaky;yhj jdpahu;
fy;tpf;$lq;fs; murpd; ghlj;jpl;lj;ij Vw;Wf;nfhs;Sk; tiu mDkjpf;fg;gLk;.
mitfs; murpd; fy;tpf; nfhs;ifia epiyepWj;j Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; muR epu;dapj;j
fy;tpapd; Fwpf;Nfhis epiwNtw;Wtjhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. khztu;fshf ,Ue;jhYk;
my;yJ Mrpupau;fshf ,Ue;jhYk;> ,j;jifa fy;tpf;$lq;fspy; gapw;Wtpj;jypd;
NghJ> Mz;fSk; ngz;fSk; xd;W Nru;e;J ,Ug;gjw;F mDkjpf;fg;glkhl;lhJ.
NkYk; mitfs; Fwpg;gpl;l kjj;ijNah> kj;`igNah> ,dj;ijNah my;yJ
epiwj;ijNah Kf;fpaj;Jtg; gLj;jf;$lhJ.
tpjp 172:
Mzhf ,Ue;jhYk; my;yJ ngz;zhf ,Ue;jhYk; mtu;fs; midtUf;Fk; fy;tp
fw;gpf;f Ntz;baJ murpd; flikahFk;. ,f;fy;tpapy; tho;tpaypd; gpujhd
tp\aq;fSf;F mtrpakhd mwpT mtu;fSf;F Gfl;lg;gl Ntz;Lk;. Muk;g fy;tpf;
$lq;fspYk;> eLepiy fy;tpf;$lq;fspYk;> ,J fl;lhakhfTk; ,ytrkhfTk;
epiwNtw;wg;gl Ntz;Lk;. xt;nthUtUk; cau;epiyf; fy;tpia ,ytrkhf mile;J
nfhs;Sk; tha;gpid ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;F muR jdJ KOj;jpwidAk; gad;gLj;jp
nrayhw;w Ntz;Lk;.
tpjp 173:
,];yhkpa rl;lq;fs; (Fiqh) Fu;Md; kw;Wk; `jP];> j/g;]Pu;> rpe;jid> kUj;Jtk;>
nghwpapay;> Ntjpapay;> Gjpa fz;Lgpbg;G (Invention) fz;Lgpbg;G (Discoveries) Mfpa
Jiwfspy; Muha;r;rpia Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F trjpahf gs;spfspYk;
gy;fiyf;fofq;fspYk; mjpfkhf gbg;gfq;fisAk; (Libraries) gupNrhjidf;
$lq;fisAk; (Laboratories) epWtp> kf;fs; mwpit tsu;j;Jf; nfhs;tjw;F toptif
nra;jply; Ntz;Lk;. mjpfkhd vz;zpf;ifapy; K[;j`PjPd;fSk;> kfj;jhd
tpQ;QhdpfSk;> Gjpatw;iwf; fz;Lgpbg;gtu;fSk; cUthFtjw;F ,r;nray;ghLfis
Nkw;nfhs;Sjy; mtrpakhFk;.
tpjp 174:
mr;rpLk;cupik(Copyright) Nghd;w fy;tp Nehf;fj;jpw;fhf vOj;Jf; fiyia jtwhf
gad;gLj;JtJ ve;j epiyapYk; fz;bg;ghf jil nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. xUKiw xU
E}y; mr;rplg;gl;L ntspaplg;gl;Ltpl;lhy; mjd; Mrpupau; Kjw;nfhz;L xUtUf;Fk;
mr;rpLtjw;Nfh ntspapLtjw;Nfh cupik fpilahJ. vdpDk; E}y; mr;rplg;glhkYk;
ntspaplg;glhkYk; ,Ue;jhy;> me;epiyapy; mJ rpe;jidahf kl;LNk ,Uf;Fk;.
me;epiyapy; mjd; cupikahsu; gzk; ngw;Wf;nfhz;L jk; rpe;jidia kw;wtuplk;
khw;wpf; nfhLg;gjw;F cupikAz;L. ,Nj tifapy; mtw;iw gapw;Wtpg;gjw;Fk; mtu;
gzk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;.
ntspehl;L tptfhuk; - Foreign Affairs
tpjp 175:
murpay; vd;gJ cs;ehl;bYk; ntspehl;bYk; kf;fspd; tptfhuq;fis ftdpj;Jf;
nfhs;tjhFk;. muR ,ij eilKiwapy; nray;gLj;JfpwJ. kf;fs; mjd;
nray;ghLfis jl;bf; Nfl;fpwhu;fs;.
tpjp 176:
me;epa muNrhL cwT itj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;F jdp egUf;Nfh murpay;
fl;rpfSf;Nfh> xU FOTf;Nfh my;yJ xU mikg;Gf;Nfh Kw;wpYk; mDkjp
fpilahJ. me;epa muNrhL cwT itj;Jf; nfhs;tJ vd;gJ muNrhL kl;Lk;
fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. Vnddpy;> kf;fspd; tptfhuq;fis ftdpj;Jf;
nfhs;tjw;fhf nrayhw;Wk; cupik KOikahf muRf;F kl;Lk;jhd; ,Uf;fpwJ.
,e;j tptfhuj;jpy; kf;fs; muir jl;bf;Nfl;f kl;LNk cupik
toq;fg;gl;bUf;fpwhu;fs;.
tpjp 177:
Fwpf;Nfhis miltjw;F jtwhd topKiwia Nkw;nfhs;tij epahag;gLj;j
KbahJ (End donot justify the means). Vnddpy; topKiw vd;gJ rpe;jidapd; gpupf;f
Kbahj gFjpahFk;. MfNt flikahdijAk; (Wa’jib) mDkjpf;fg;gl;lijAk; (Mubah)
jLf;fg;gl;l nray;fs; %yk; mila KbahJ. murpay; tifKiw(Political means)
murpay; topKiwf;F (Political Method) Kuz;glf;$lhJ.
tpjp 178:
ntsptptfhuf; nfhs;ifapy; jpwd; kpf;f murpay;jpl;lk; Njitg;gLfpwJ. jpwd;kpf;f
jpl;lj;jpd; Mw;wy;kpf;f tpisT> Nehf;fq;fis (khw;whu; mwpahJ) kiwj;J itj;J>
nray;ghLfhis kl;LNk ntspg;gLj;Jtijg; nghUj;J ,Uf;fpwJ.
tpjp 179:
rpw;rpy kpfKf;fpa murpay; topKiwfs; kw;w muRfspd; Fw;wq;fis
ntspg;gLj;Jtjhf ,Uf;fpd;wd. jtwhd murpaypd; Mgj;ij ,J vLj;Jf;
fhl;LtjhfTk;> jPq;Fkpf;f murpay; rjpjpl;lq;fis mk;gyg;gLj;JtjhfTk;>
jtwhdghijapy; kdpjHfis ,l;Lr;nry;Yk; jiytHfSf;F mopit
Njbj;jUtjhfTk; ,Uf;fpd;wd.
tpjp 180:
jdp kdpju;fs;> nghJkf;fs; kw;Wk; muR Mfpatw;wpd; tptfhuq;fis
Nkw;nfhs;Sk;NghJ>,];yhkpa rpe;jidapd; kfj;Jtk; ntspg;gLtJ kpf Kf;fpakhf
murpay; topKiwfspy; xd;whf ,Uf;fpwJ.
tpjp 181:
ck;khtpd; murpay; gpuNtrj;jpd; fhuzk; ,];yhkhfTk;> kfhgyk; nfhz;l
,];yhkpa murhfTk;> mjd; tpjpKiwfis eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjpy; Vw;gLk;
Kd;Ndw;wkhfTk;> kdpj rKjhaj;jpw;F mjd; miog;Gg;gzpapd; njhlu;r;rpahfTk;
,Uf;fpwJ.
tpjp 182:
,];yhkpa miog;Gg;gzpia Nkw;nfhs;Sjy; vd;w ika Fwpf;Nfhisr; Rw;wpNa
ntspehl;L tptfhu nfhs;if Roy;fpd;wJ. mjd; kPJjhd; kw;w ehLfNshL cs;s
murpd; cwT epu;khdpf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ.
tpjp 183:
ehd;F tp\aq;fspd; kPJ me;epa ehLfNshL cs;s murpd; cwT
epu;khdpf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. mitahtd:
1) ,d;iwa ,];yhkpa cyfj;jpYs;s ehLfs; midj;Jk; xNu muir
rhu;e;jitahf fUjg;gLfpd;wd. MfNt> mitfs; ntspehl;L tptfhuf;nfhs;ifapd;
tiuaiwf;F cl;gLj;jg;gl khl;lhJ. ,e;j ehLfSf;fpilapy; cs;s cwTfs;
ntsp tptfhu nfhs;ifapd; tl;lj;Jf;Fs; ,Ug;gjhf fUj KbahJ. ,e;j ehLfs;
midj;ijAk; xd;wpizg;gjw;Fupa Kaw;rpfs; Kiwahf epiwNtw;wg;gLk;.
2) nghUshjhuk;> tzpfk;> el;G> fyhr;rhuk; Mfpa tp\aq;fspy; ekJ
muRfSld; xg;ge;jk; nra;Js;s ehLfs; me;j xg;ge;jj;jpd; mbg;gilapy;
elj;jg;gLk;. xg;ge;jk; ,Uf;fpd;w ehl;L kf;fs; flTr;rPl;L (Passport) ,y;yhky;
milahs ml;ilNahL ekJ ehl;Lf;Fs; gazk; Nkw;nfhs;syhk; vd;W xg;ge;j
epge;jid ,Uf;Fkhdhy;> mt;thNw ekJ kf;fSk; mNj tpjj;jpy; elj;jg;gl
Ntz;Lk;. ,j;jifa ehLfSld; ,Uf;Fk; nghUshjhu kw;Wk; tzpf cwTfs;
Fwpg;gpl;l nghUl;fNshLk; Fwpg;gpl;l xg;ge;j epge;jidfNshLk; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl
Ntz;Lk; vd;gij ftdj;jpy; nfhs;sNtz;Lk;. mNj rkaj;jpy; me;j ehLfs;
,jdhy; gyk; ngw;Wtplf;$lhJ vd;gijAk; fUj;jpy; nfhs;sNtz;Lk;.
3) ehk; xg;ge;jk; nra;J nfhs;shj ehLfs; cz;ikapy; VNjr;rjpfhu
muRfshFk;. gpupl;ld;> mnkupf;fh> gpuhd;]; kw;Wk; u\;ah Nghd;w ehLfs;>
Mw;wy;kpf;f Nghu;f;Fzk; nfhz;l ehLfshf fUjg;gLfpd;wd. ,itfSf;F vjpuhf
midj;J Kd; vr;rupf;iffSk; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; ,itfSld;
,uh[hq;f cwT (Diplomatic Relation) Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;stJ kpfg;ngupa jtwhFk;.
mitfspd; kf;fspy; xt;nthU egUk;> xt;nthU Kiw gazk; nra;Ak; NghJk;>
flTr;rPl;Lld; (Passport)$ba Kiwahd tprhTld; tuNtz;Lk; vd;w epge;jidAld;
,];yhkpa gpuNjrj;jpw;Fs; EioaNtz;Lk;. mit cz;ikapy; Nghu; Fzk; nfhz;l
ehlhf ek;kplj;jpy; ele;J nfhs;shj tiuapy; ,ij mDkjpf;fyhk;.
4. ,];Nuy; Nghd;w cz;ikahd Nghu;f;Fzk; nfhz;l ehLfisg;
nghUj;jtiuapy;> Aj;jfhy mbg;gilapy; mitfSld; fLikahd Nghf;if
filgpbj;J tuNtz;Lk;. mitfSld; cz;ikahf Aj;jk; ele;J nfhz;bUg;gJ
Nghd;W mitfs; elj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;> Nghu; epWj;j xg;ge;jk; ,Ue;jhYk;
,y;iynad;whYk; rupNa> mitfspd; midj;J kf;fSk; ekJ ehl;Lf;Fs; Eioa
mDkjpf;ff;$lhJ.
tpjp 184:
,itfSld; ve;jtpjkhd ,uhZt cld;gbf;if my;yJ ,uhZt xg;ge;jk;
Mfpatw;iw ve;jtifapYk; nra;J nfhs;tjw;F KOikahf jil nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.
,jpy; murpay; xg;ge;jk;> ,uhZt jsq;fs; kw;Wk; tpz;ntsp jsq;fs; Mfpatw;iw
Fj;jiff;F tpLk; cld;gbf;if Mfpait mlq;Fk;. el;G KiwapYs;s mz;il
ehLfSld; nghUshjhuk;> tzpfk;> epjp> fyhr;rhuk;> Nghu; epWj;jk; Mfpatw;wpy;
xg;ge;jk; nra;J nfhs;tJ mDkjpf;fg;gl;lJ.
tpjp 185:
,];yhj;ijj; jtpu NtW mbg;gilapYs;s ,];yhk; my;yhj rl;lq;fis
eilKiwg;gLj;Jfpd;w mikg;Gfis cUthf;Ftjw;F muR Kw;wpYk;
jilnra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. ru;tNjr mikg;ghd If;fpa ehLfs; rig (United Nations)
ePjpf;fhd ru;tNjr ePjpkd;wk; (International Court of Justice), ru;tNjr epjp epWtdk;
(International Monetory Fund) kw;Wk; cyf tq;fp (World Bank) MfpaitfSk;> muG yPf; (Arab
League) Nghd;w gpuNjr mikg;GfSk; ,jpy; mlq;Fk;.
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