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Concept of Planning
Nature
Importance
Steps
Types of Planning
Concept of Planning
Concept of Planning
Terry-
Planning is the selection and relation of facts and making and using of
assumptions regarding the future in the visualization and formulation
of proposed activities believed necessary to achieve the desired
objectives.
Mcfarland-
Planning may be broadly defined as a concept of executive action that
embodies the skills of anticipating, influencing, and controlling the
nature and direction of change
Features & Nature of Planning
Features of Planning
At all levels of management as all levels are involved with future course
A Rational Approach:
For defining where one stands, where one wants to go in the future and how
to reach there.
The concept denotes the choice of appropriate means of achieving objectives
Desired Status
Status
Gap
Planning Required
Current
Status
T1 T2
Nature of Planning
Takes inputs from the environment, processes these and exports outputs to
environment
the approach indicates the identification of gap between current status and
the desired status a
Decides the action the bridge the gap ,
Actions are influenced by a variety of environment factors – PESTEL
Dept Plans
Sectional Plans
Principles of Planning
Principles of Planning
To focus
Attention on Provides direction to achieve
objectives
To increase
orgn Achievement of objectives within given resource
effectiveness
Facilitates
Plans servers as criteria for evaluation of alternatives and choose
decision
the best one.
making
Importance of planning If you fail to plan, you plan to fail!
What kind of
organization
Structure
Which helps to Know
Necessary What kind of
for people are
Plans
required
Which affects the kind
of direction
How effectively
to lead people
In order to assure
By furnishing
success of plans
standards of
control
Process of Planning
Importance of planning If you fail to plan, you plan to fail!
Planning Process
Establishing Choice of
Formulating Evaluation of
Sequence of alternative
support plans alternatives
activities plans
Perception of Opportunities
¾ Understands SWOT
¾ Organizational & Department Objectives are set considering the internal and
external environment
¾ Diversification
¾ Overall analysis of all the alternative objectives needs to be done in order to drop
non feasible alternatives
¾The best plan in terms of contribution to the business objectives in the light of
the resources and constraints is chosen
¾The planner needs to select more than one plan in event of changes. Such
plans are contingence plans
Formulating of Supporting Plans
¾Recruitment plans
¾Training plans
Establishing sequences of activities
¾ Based on the plans the responsibility of implementation and its control is decided
• Psychological
3 Internal Inflexibilities
• Policy & Procedure
• Capital investment
Rajeshwari Patil
Thank you