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A DISCUSSION AbOUT THE CHAllENGES, IMpACTS AND OppORTUNITIES FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY
AbSTRACT
The purpose of this document is to provide an introduction to the ISO 50001:2011 Energy Management System (EnMS) certification requirements. This document is not intended to be a full explanation of the certification standards and related requirements or of its implementation. Rather, it aims to promote understanding of the standard and to enable organisations to establish the systems and processes necessary to improve energy performance.
CONTENTS
I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY II. GlObAl ENERGY MANAGEMENT III. ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS STANDARDS IV. GlObAl SOlUTIONS FOR ENERGY MANAGEMENT 1 2 4 7
V. ISO 50001:2011 AND OTHER INTERNATIONAl ENERGY MANAGEMENT STANDARDS 10 VI. CASE STUDY VII. CONClUSION 11 13
I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Energy efficiency is the most promising means to reduce greenhouse gases in the short term, said Yvo de Boer, Former Executive Secretary of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Thomas L. Friedman, the foreign affairs columnist for The New York Times and a three-time Pulitzer Prize winner in his no. 1 bestseller Hot, Flat, and Crowded stated We cannot continue the business as usual path. We need a green revolution and we need to focus
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on ET - Energy Technology -, based on renewable energy production and energy efficiency. This is the beginning of new era - the Energy Climate Era. Energy conservation technology and facilities/ equipment are only part of the approach to improve energy efficiency. Systematic management and the behaviour approach have become the core efforts to improve energy efficiency today. The purpose of ISO 50001:2011, the EnMS standards discussed in this paper, is to enable organisations to establish the
systems and processes necessary to improve energy performance. They are based on the continual improvement and Plan-Do-Check-Act approaches utilised in the ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 management systems standards to provide compatibility and integration opportunities. Implementing these Standards should lead to reductions in energy cost, greenhouse gas emissions and minimise the negative impact on the environment.
A MAJOR OppORTUNITY
Energy efficiency is the most promising means to reduce greenhouse gases in the short term, said Yvo de Boer, Former Executive Secretary of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Thomas L. Friedman also stated in his book We cannot continue the business as usual path. We need a green revolution and we need to focus on ET - Energy Technology -, based on renewable energy production and energy efficiency. This is the beginning of new era - the Energy Climate Era. Increased energy efficiency will become the most important momentum of the future. Low-cost options for reducing actual consumption many of which are already available offer the greatest potential for cutting CO2 emissions over the period to 2050. Energy conservation technology and facilities/equipment are only part of the approach to improve energy efficiency. Most energy efficiency in industry is achieved through changes in how energy is managed in a facility, rather than through installation of new technologies. Systematic management and the behaviour approach have
become the core efforts to improve energy efficiency today. An energy management standard provides a method for integrating energy efficiency into existing industrial or commercial management systems for continuous improvement. The key question for energy management practitioners is how to provide the best case for successful energy management within their organisation, achieve the desired buy-in at top management level, and implement a successful management system. The purpose of an energy management standard is to provide an organisational framework for industrial facilities to integrate energy efficiency into their management practices, including fine-tuning production processes and improving the energy efficiency of industrial systems. Energy management seeks to apply to energy use the same culture of continual improvement that has been successfully used by industrial firms to improve quality and safety practices. An energy management standard is needed to influence how energy is managed in an industrial facility, thus realising immediate energy
use reduction through changes in operational practices, as well as creating a favourable environment for adoption of more capital-intensive energy-efficiency measures and technologies.1 Efficient energy management requires the identification of where energy is used, where it is wasted and where any energy saving measures will have most effect. The key feature of a successful EnMS is that it is owned and fully integrated as an embedded management process within an organisation, energy management implications are considered at all stages of the development process of new projects, and that these implications are part of any change control process. A change in the organisational culture is needed in order to realise industrial energy efficiency potential. An EnMS standard can provide a supportive organisational framework necessary to move beyond an energy saving project approach to an energy efficiency approach that routinely and methodically seeks out opportunities to increase energy efficiency, no matter how large or small.
1 McKane, et al. Thinking Globally: How ISO 50001 Energy Management can make industrial energy efficiency standard practice. Available at: http://industrial-energy.lbl.gov/drupal.files/industrial-energy/ISO%2050001-Energy%20Management.pdf
General ISO 50001:2011 requirements include: A strong commitment to continual improvement of energy efficiency. Appointment of a qualified person for energy management. Development of an energy management plan by the organisation. Without a plan in place, opportunities for improvement may be known but may not be promoted or implemented because energy management is not part of the organisational culture and the normal planning process. Assessing the major energy uses in the organisation to develop a baseline of energy use and set targets for improvement. Selection of energy performance indicators and objectives helps to shape the development and implementation of an action plan. Staff and those who work on behalf of the organisation who need to be aware of energy use and performance objectives need training in both skills and day-to-day practices to improve energy performance. The results should be regularly evaluated and communicated to all personnel, recognising high achievement.
Clause 4 of the Standard is further broken down into 7 sub-clauses. Details of these sub-clauses are as follows: 4.1 General Requirements The organisation shall: Establish, document, implement and maintain and improve an EnMS in accordance with the requirements of this International Standard; Define and document the scope and the boundaries of its EnMS; and Determine how it will meet the requirements of this international standard in order to achieve continual improvement of its energy performance and of its EnMS. 4.2 Management Responsibility Top management shall demonstrate its commitment and support the EnMS and to continually improve its effectiveness by: Defining, establishing, implementing, and maintaining an energy policy; Appointing a management representative and approving the formation of an energy management team; Providing the resources needed to establish, implement, maintain and improve the EnMS and resulting energy performance; Identifying the scope and boundaries to be addressed by the EnMS; Communicating the importance of energy management to those in the organisation; Ensuring that energy objectives and targets are established; Ensuring that EnPIs are appropriate to the organisation; Considering energy performance in long-term planning; Ensuring that results are measured and reported at determined intervals; and Conducting management reviews.
4.3 Energy Policy Top management shall define the energy policy and ensure that it: Is appropriate to the nature and scale of the organisations energy use and consumption; Includes a commitment to continual improvement in energy performance; Includes a commitment to ensure the availability of information and of necessary resources to achieve objectives and targets; Includes a commitment to comply with applicable legal requirements and with other requirements to which the organisation subscribes which relate to its energy use, consumption, and efficiency; Provides the framework for setting and reviewing energy objectives and targets; Supports the purchase of energy efficient products and services and design for energy performance improvement; Is documented and communicated at all levels within the organisation; and Is regularly reviewed, and updated as necessary. 4.4 Energy Planning Energy planning shall: Be consistent with the energy policy and lead to activities that continually improve energy performance; Involve a review of the organisations activities which can affect energy performance; Develop, record, and maintain an energy review. The methodology and criteria used to develop the energy review shall be documented. To develop the energy review, the organisation shall: Analyse energy use and consumption based on measurement and other data;
Based on the analysis of energy use and consumption, identify the areas of significant energy use; and Identify, prioritise and record opportunities for improving energy performance. Establish an energy baseline(s) using the information in the initial energy review; Identify Energy performance indicators (EnPIs) appropriate for monitoring and measuring its energy performance; and Establish, implement and maintain documented energy objectives and targets. The objectives and targets shall be consistent with the energy policy. Targets shall be consistent with the objectives. 4.5 Implementation and Operation The organisation shall: Use the action plans and other outputs resulting from the planning processs for implementation and operation;
Ensure any person(s) working for, or on its behalf related to significant energy uses are competent on the basis of appropriate education, training, skills and experience; Communicate internally with regard to its energy performance and EnMS, as appropriate for the size of the organisation; Establish, implement and maintain procedure(s) to approve documents for adequacy prior to issue; Identify and plan those operations and maintenance activities which are related to its significant energy uses and that are consistent with its energy policy, objectives, targets and action plans; Consider energy performance improvement opportunities and operational control in the design of new, modified and renovated facilities, equipment, systems and processes; and Inform suppliers that procurement is partly evaluated on the basis of energy performance.
4.6 Checking The organisation shall: Ensure that the key characteristics of its operations that determine energy performance are monitored, measured and analysed at planned intervals; Define and periodically review its measurement needs; Ensure that the equipment used in monitoring and measuring of key characteristics provides data which is accurate and repeatable; Investigate and respond to significant deviations in energy performance; Conduct internal audits at planned intervals; and Address actual and potential nonconformity(ies) by making corrections, and by taking corrective action and preventive action. 4.7 Management Review Top management shall review the organisations EnMS to ensure its continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness at planned intervals.
MANAGEMENT plAN Policy/goals/targets (4.3, 4.4.6) Resources (4.2.1) DO Training (4.5.2) Communication (4.5.3) Documentation (4.5.4) Operational Control (4.5.5) CHECK Internal audit (4.6.3) Corrective/preventive action (4.6.4) ACT Management review (4.7) plAN
TECHNICAl
Energy Review (4.4.3) Energy baseline (4.4.4) Energy Performance Indicators (4.4.5)
ACT
plAN
CHECK
DO
CHECK Monitoring (4.6.1) Measurement (4.6.1) Verifying action plans results (4.4.6) ACT Energy performance and EnPIs review (4.7.1)
3 Carbon Trust 2011 press releases Only 7% of the public believe company claims of action on climate change 21 March 2011. Available at: http://www.carbontrust.co.uk/news/news/press-centre/2011/Pages/company-climate-change.aspx
In summary, ISO 50001:2011 EnMS Standards provide the following benefits: Strategic planning that requires measurement, management, and documentation for continuous improvement for energy efficiency; Addressing policies and procedures based on all aspects of energy purchase and use; Demonstrating continuous improvement in energy efficiency; Creating an Energy Manual, a living document that evolves over time as additional energy saving projects and policies are undertaken and documented; Identifying key performance indicators, unique to the company, that are tracked to measure progress; Assisting organisations in making better use of their existing energyconsuming assets; Offering guidance on benchmarking, measuring, documenting, and reporting energy performance improvements and their projected impact on reductions in greenhouse gas emissions; Creating transparency and facilitating communication on the management of energy resources; Promoting energy management best practices and reinforcing good energy management behaviours; Assisting facilities in evaluating and prioritising the implementation of new energy efficient technologies;
Providing a framework for promoting energy efficiency throughout the supply chain; and Facilitating energy management improvements in the context of greenhouse gas emission reduction projects.
Step D This is Stage 2 of the initial audit process. The audit includes interviews with you and your colleagues and the examination of records. Observation of your working practices determines how compliant your actual processes are with the standard and with your own documentation system. At the end of this stage, you are presented with the findings of the audit classified as either major or minor non-conformances along with other observations and opportunities for improvement. Once you have addressed the non-conformities, a technical review of the audit will then be conducted by an authorised Certification Manager to confirm the issuance of a certificate; Step E Surveillance visits will be scheduled at either six or twelve month intervals depending on the contract. During the visits, there are reviews of the implementation of the action plan addressing the past non-conformities and examinations of certain mandatory and other selected parts of the system in line with an audit plan that you are provided with before each visit; and Step F Shortly before the third anniversary of the initial certification, a routine visit will be extended to enable a re-certification audit. Surveillance visits will then continue, as before, on a 3-year cycle.
* Please note that stand-alone pre-audits (gap analysis), can be carried out independently of any certification activity.
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Theme
Energy Policy
Differences
ISO 50001:2011 requires a commitment to the purchase of energy efficient products and services and design for energy performance improvement. BS EN 16001:2009 only requires the consideration of energy consumption when buying energy consuming equipment.
Energy characterisation
ISO 50001:2011 considers energy performance, including energy efficiency, energy use and consumption in the EnMS scope. BS EN 16001:2009 only concerns energy efficiency. There are no mandatory procedures in BS EN 16001:2009. For ISO 50001:2011, the EnMS must contain procedures related to: Control of documents Internal communication
Documentation
ISO 50001:2011 states that energy performance improvement opportunities should be considered in the design, modification and renovation of significant energy consuming facilities, equipment, systems and processes. BS EN 16001:2009 considers energy consumption for the design, change or restoration of all assets, including buildings.
Metering systems
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VI. CASE STUDY WHY AND HOW AUO OpTRONICS CHOSE ISO 50001:2011
AU Optronics Corporation (AUO) 8.5G TFT-LCD, located in Taiwan, owns the worlds first manufacturer facilities to obtain the ISO 50001:2011 Energy Management Standard certification just following the publication of the ISO 50001:2011 standard for energy management by International Organization for Standardization (ISO) on June 15. AUOs energy saving performance is also certified. It is our great honour that AUOs G8.5 fab in Central Taiwan Science Park has obtained the IS version of ISO 50001:2011 certification. This is another international acknowledgement following AUOs winning of the worlds first LEED Platinum Certification from USGBC this May, said Shr-Kai Lin, AUOs VP of Global Manufacturing. AUOs success in being the first manufacturer in the world to have gained ISO 50001:2011 certification shows that the companys persistent efforts in energy-saving green practices have been globally acknowledged. Energy management system certification has been gaining considerable attention from countries around the world. ISO 50001:2011 will become the next global highlight following ISO 9001:2008, the quality management system, and ISO 14001:2004, the environmental management system. Getting the cerification will become a prerequisite of a companys international competitiveness. AUO will continue to pool in more resources for green production and innovation, paving the way for even greener and more sustainable management. AUO has introduced ISO 50001:2011, the international standard on energy management, to front-end TFT and back-end module facilities. Their goal is to achieve 25% energy savings in 2015, with 2010 as the base year. The focus of the ISO 50001:2011 certification is on production energy management. Other opportunities relate to improving their energy performance through management procedures. With this management system implemented, 10% energy conservation was achieved for AUOs G8.5 fab in Central Taiwan Science Park in 2011. More than 30 energy performance indicators (EnIPs) were set for plants and divisions to monitor energy performance on a month by monthly basis. An estimated 55 million kWh of electricity will be saved, and 35 thousand tonnes of carbon emissions reduced, the equivalent effect of the afforestation of New York Central Park nine times over. The projected energy saving objective was twice as high as the groups annual objective. Without full support from top management, the company couldnt identify energy saving opportunities from production and production rate is normally the highest concern in any manufacturing plant. In the future, AUO plans to expand the ISO 50001:2011 energy management system to each of its production facilities. By means of energy source management, energy performance will also be taken into account in procurement to enhance value chain energy management. Meanwhile, AUO will continue to practice energy saving and carbon reduction to dedicate itself to green innovations for increased competitiveness while creating infinite green business opportunities.
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VII. CONClUSION
Both ISO 50001:2011 and BS EN 16001:2009 combine the benefits of a business management tool linking energy management and business processes with the ability to meet growing global customer requirements for reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Certification can provide generic assistance to an organisation for establishing, implementing or improving an EnMS. Global application of an energy management standard contributes to more efficient use of available energy sources, enhanced competitiveness, and a positive impact on climate change. Certifying your EnMS will help your organisation develop and improve performance.
AbOUT SGS
SGS is the worlds leading inspection, verification, testing and certification company. Recognised as the global benchmark for quality and integrity, we employ over 64,000 people and operate a network of more than 1,250 offices and laboratories around the world. We are constantly looking beyond customers and societys expectations in order to deliver market leading services wherever they are needed. Partnering with SGS opens the door to better performing processes, increasingly skilful talent, consistent and compliant supply chains and more sustainable customer relationships delivering profitable competitive advantage. Work with the global leader and take your commitment to the next level. We have a history of undertaking and successfully executing large-scale, complex international projects. With a presence in every single region around the globe, our people speak the language and understand the culture of the local market and operate globally in a consistent, reliable and effective manner. We are the global leader in ISO 14001 and climate change certification and the most widely accredited certification body. We have a history of undertaking and successfully executing large-scale, complex international projects. With a presence in every single region around the globe, our people speak the language and understand the culture of the local market and operate globally in a consistent, reliable and effective manner. We are the global leader in ISO 14001 and climate change certification and the most widely accredited certification body.
Eric G.T. Huang has 22 years environmental engineering and management experience in audit, consulting, engineering and operation, and specialising in energy and climate change. He is now responsible for the technical development of SGSs Energy Management Systems certification services, including ISO 50001:2011 and BS EN 16001:2009. Eric holds a Masters degree in Civil and Environmental Engineer from Rutgers University, US.
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