Chapter: 15

Rectification of Namz
(Saj dah - e Sah' v)

Rules and Regulations Pertaining to

Namz of Momin
(A c o m p r e h e n s i v e g u i d e )

Chapter 15: Rectification of namz

uoor-e Aqdas performed five rakats namz in oh'r, on this some one queried that there is some excess in namz. He performed two sajdah after salm.

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Namz of Momin

Contents
1. Method of performing sajdah-e sah'v 2. Indications for sajdah-e sah'v 3. Contraindications of sajdah-e sah'v 3.1 Deliberate commission of errors in namz 3.2 Omission of far component of namz 3.3 Omission of vjibt not related with namz 3.4 Haphazard recitation of Qr'n Shareef 3.5 Errors of mqtadee in congregational namz 367-367 368-368 368-369 369 369 369 369 369

4. Sajdah-e sah'v in absence of any authentic

indication 5. Sajdah-e sah'v in errors of qirat 5.1 Erratic recitation of Qr'n Shareef 5.2 Errors in recitation of Soorah-e Ftiah 5.3 Errors in annexation of soorah 5.4 Errors in performance of sajdah-e tilvat 5.5 Errors in degree of loudness of qirat 5.6 Erroneous recitation of tashahhd in qiym 6. Sajdah-e sah'v because of change in system and/or sequence of arkn 6.1 In all sorts of namz 6.2 In vit'r namz 6.3 In Eidain namz

370-370 370-373 370 371 371 372 373 373 374-375 374 374 375 375 376-378 376 376 376 377 377 377 377 377 377 378 109

7. Sajdah-e sah'v in errors of tadeel-e arkn 8. Sajdah-e sah'v in errors of qadah 8.1 Recitation of drood in qadah-e ool of
four-rakats namz In far, vit'r and snnat-e makkadah namz In naf'l and snnat-e ghair makkadah namz 8.2 Proceeding for the next rakat after qadahe kheerah 8.3 Errors in recitation of tashahhd 8.4 Skipping qadah-e ool In naf'l namz In far, vit'r or snnat-e makkadah namz

Chapter 15: Rectification of namz By mqtadee 8.5 Skipping qadah-e kheerah By masbooq By imm
9. Sajdah-e sah'v in errors of rkoo and sajdah 378 378

379-380 380-381 380 381 382-383 382 382 383 383 383

10. Sajdah-e sah'v by masbooq mqtadee 10.1 Sajdah-e sah'v by masbooq 10.2 Masbooq need not follow imm in
making salm 11. Miscellaneous issues 11.1 Sajdah-e sah'v applicable for all sorts of namzes 11.2 Exemption from sajdah-e sah'v 11.3 Skip sajdah-e sah'v in namz-e Jmah or Eidain 11.4 Sajdah-e sah'v only once in a namz 11.5 Obligation of sajdah-e sah'v passes on to mqtadee

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Namz of Momin

A couplet of sajdah to be performed as compensatory means to rectify errors or missed obligations in namz is called Sajdah-e Sah'v. Many a times while performing namz we commit errors (mistakes), which render our namz incomplete and faulty. Once a mistake has been done, one cannot undo it in namz. However, there is a provision of performing compensatory sajdah that rectifies the namz. We will discuss sajdah-e sah'v under following heads: Method of performing sajdah-e sah'v
Indications for sajdah-e sah'v Contraindications of sajdah-e sah'v Sajdah-e sah'v in absence of any authentic indication Sajdah-e sah'v in errors of qirat Sajdah-e sah'v because of change in system and/or sequence of arkn Sajdah-e sah'v in errors of tadeel-e arkn Sajdah-e sah'v in errors of rkoo and sajdah Miscellaneous issues

Sajdah-e sah'v in errors of qadah

Sajdah-e sah'v by masbooq mqtadee

1.

Method of performing sajdah-e sah'v:

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Chapter 15: Rectification of namz 1.1 Issue: In qadah-e kheerah after reciting tashahhd make salm towards right side and thereafter immediately perform two sajdah and then again sit in qadah and recite tashahhd followed by drood and d-e moorah and finally conclude namz by making salm on both sides. (Bahr-e Shariat IV/49) Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v must be performed after one salm. Making second salm is forbidden. Sajdah-e sah'v will not remain in order if salm has been made both sides. If happened so, namz must be repeated. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Raddl-Mtr, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/638) Issue: Recitation of tashahhd is vjib in qadah after sajdah-e sah'v. In this qadah namz can be concluded after recitation of tashahhd only. However, it is always better to recite drood and d-e moorah. (lamgeeri, Bahr-e Shariat IV/50)

1.2

1.3

2. 2.1

Indications for sajdah-e sah'v:

Issue: Involuntary commission of following renders the performance of sajdah-e sah'v vjib: errors

Delay in performance of far component of any rk'n Premature performance of far component of any rk'n Omission of one or more vjib/vjibt Delay in performance of vjib/vjibt Deviation from the system of performance or change in sequence of performance of vjib/vjibt Performance of any rk'n more than the required number. For instance, performance of rkoo twice or sajdah thrice in a rakat. (Bahr-e Shariat IV/50) 2.2 Issue: If sajdah-e sah'v has not been performed even if it is indicated and vjib in that case namz will be rendered null and void and must be repeated. (Fatv RaaviyyahIII/646)

3.

Contraindications of sajdah-e sah'v:

Deliberate commission of errors in namz

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Namz of Momin
Omission of far component of namz Omission of vjibt not related with namz Haphazard recitation of Qr'n Shareef Errors of mqtadee in congregational namz

Aforementioned all errors are such that if committed in namz sajdah-e sah'v would not rectify and therefore namz has to be repeated) 3.1 Deliberate commission of errors in namz: Issue: Inadvertent or erroneous commission of errors mentioned in issue 2.1 can be rectified by sajdah-e sah'v. However, deliberate commission of these errors cannot be rectified by sajdah-e sah'v and if happened so, namz must be repeated from very beginning. (Drr-e Mkhtr) 3.2 Omission of far component of namz: Issue: If there is omission of any far component of namz either erroneously or deliberately in that case sajdah-e sah'v can never rectify such errors. By all means namz becomes null and void. It is to be repeated from very beginning. (Fatv Raaviyyah-III/646) 3.3 Omission of vjibt not related with namz: Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v is not applicable on missing of those vjib/vjibt, which are not regarded as vjibt-e namz (as enlisted in chapter 4). For instance, recitation of Qr'n Shareef in chronological order is vjib under the head qirat but not the namz itself. Suppose any one is reciting Qr'n Shareef haphazardly (i.e. without tarteeb) in that case he has missed the vjib component of qirat (not of namz) and hence in this given situation sajdah-e sah'v will not become vjib. (Raddl-Mtr, Bahr-e Shariat IV/49) 3.4 Haphazard recitation of Qr'n Shareef: Issue: There is no harm as well as no need to perform sajdah-e sah'v if Qr'n Shareef is being recited in haphazard manner (improper order or say without tarteeb) erroneously. Furthermore, one will be extremely sinful if deliberately recited Qr'n Shareef in haphazard way nevertheless the namz will remain in order and

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Chapter 15: Rectification of namz sajdah-e sah'v will not be required. However, it is arm (unlawful, forbidden) to recite Qr'n Shareef in reverse order and doer must repent abundantly. (Fatv Raaviyyah-III/88, 132, 438) 3.5 Errors of mqtadee in congregational namz: Issue: If an error is committed by mqtadee (while performing namz behind imm) inadvertently, in that case sajdah-e sah'v will not be rendered vjib on mqtadee. Moreover, the responsibility of repeating the namz does not lie on mqtadee. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Tabiyeenl aqiq I/195, Barr-Riq II/108, lam-geeri I/128, Bad-e--an-e I/175, Maneel-r I/238, Bahr-e Shariat IV/54, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/642) 4.

Sajdah-e sah'v in absence of any authentic indication:

Issue: Suppose, imm performs sajdah-e sah'v inadvertently even though it was not vjib on him. In this given situation, namz of both imm and all mqtadees will remain okay and valid except: Masbooq who have missed some rakats, Masbooq who have joined jamat after sajdah-e sah'v. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Raddl-Mtr, Fatv Qee Khn, Khaznatl-Mfteen, ahvee, Barl Mee, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/634)

5.

Sajdah-e sah'v in errors of qirat 1:

Erratic recitation of Qr'n Shareef Errors in recitation of soorah-e Ftiah
Errors in annexation of soorah Errors in degree of loudness of qirat

Errors in performance of sajdah-e tilvat Erroneous recitation of tashahhd in qiym 5.1

1

Erratic recitation of Qr'n Shareef:

Ibid, page 127-128

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Namz of Momin 5.1.1 Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v tends to be vjib if following errors are committed in first two rakats of far and all rakats of snnat, naf'l and vit'r: Forgot to recite any verse from Soorah-e Ftiah. Recited Soorah-e Ftiah twice. Forgot to annex a soorah to Soorah-e Ftiah. Recited another soorah prior to Soorah-e Ftiah.

(Drr-e Mkhtr, lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat IV/50, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/123, 134) 2 5.1.2 Issue: It is unlawful to recite Qr'n Shareef (verse Bismillh is also a part of Qr'n Shareef) in other than qiym position viz. rkoo, sajdah or qadah. Sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib if any verse of Qr'n Shareef is recited in rkoo, sajdah or qadah. (lamgeeri, Bahr-e Shariat IV/51, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/134) 3 5.2 Errors in recitation of Soorah-e Ftiah:

5.2.1 Issue: Suppose, one forgot to recite Soorah-e Ftiah and right away started recitation of another soorah. In this given situation: If recollects the error even after reciting a verse, he should immediately rectify it by commencing again from Soorah-e Ftiah and then annex another soorah. For this error sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib. If recollects in rkoo or qaumah (prior to sajdah since once sajdah of concerned rakat has been performed, sajdah-e sah'v cannot rectify the namz. It has to be repeated) even then he can rectify the error by immediately returning back to qiym position and recite Soorah-e Ftiah followed by annexation of a soorah. Here too sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib. (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat) 5.2.2 Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib if Soorah-e Ftiah has been recited more than once. (Bahr-e Shariat III/75) 5.3 Errors in annexation of soorah:

2 3

Ibid, Issues under head 3.8, page 120 Ibid, Issue 3.7.3, page 120 115

Chapter 15: Rectification of namz 5.3.1 Issue: It is vjib to commence another soorah immediately (without delay) after recitation of Soorah-e Ftiah. If someone delays the recitation of soorah (viz. thinking which soorah to recite) for the time taken to recite (Sub'nallh) thrice after recitation of Soorah-e Ftiah is over, then because of delay in qirat he has missed the vjib component of qirat rendering the sajdah-e sah'v to be vjib. (Tanveerl Abr, Ghnyah, Barl Mee, lam-geeri, Raddl-Mtr, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/279, 630) 5.3.2 Issue: If anyone bows for rkoo after reciting just Soorahe Ftiah (i.e. without annexing a soorah) in those rakats where a soorah was supposed to be annexed to Soorah-e Ftiah (these are first two rakats of far, all rakats of snnat, vit'ra and naf'l), then the verdict of Shariat is to return back to qiym and recite Soorah-e Ftiah again followed by annexation of a soorah. Thereafter bow for rkoo and finally make sajdah-e sah'v. It should be noted that in aforementioned situation one is returning back to qiym from rkoo and recites qirat. The rkoo (from which returned back to qiym) will turn to be insignificant and hence, after qirat one has to bow again for rkoo otherwise the namz will be rendered invalid. (Raddl-Mtr', Bahr-e Shariat IV/51) 5.3.3 Issue: If a soorah is recited as an annexation to Soorah-e Ftiah inadvertently or deliberately in third and / or fourth rakat of oh'r, a'r or ish' and third rakat of magh'rib, then there is no harm. Sajdah-e sah'v is not needed to rectify this error. Even if Soorah-e Ftiah is not recited altogether in the last rakats (third and / or fourth rakat, sajdah-e sah'v is not required.4 (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat IV/51, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/637) 5.4
4

Errors in performance of sajdah-e tilvat:

In far namz Soorah-e Ftiah is vjib in first two rakats only whereas in last two rakats it is not vjib.

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Namz of Momin Issue: It is vjib to perform sajdah-e tilvat immediately as soon as yat-e sajdah has been recited in namz. Sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib if: Forgot to perform sajdah-e tilvat Delayed performance of sajdah-e tilvat up to the extent of equal or more than the time taken to recite three verses. (lam-geeri, Drr-e Mkhtr, Raddl-Mtr, Ghnyah Shar'-e Mnyah, Bahr-e Shariat IV/51, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/653) Errors in degree of loudness of qirat:

5.5

5.5.1 Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib if imm has inadvertently recited qirat loudly (at least one verse for anafite sect those who follow Imm-e am Ab aneefah ) in sirree namz. Please note that entire namz will have to be repeated if qirat (one or more verse) is recited aloud deliberately in sirree namz. (Ghnyah, Tanveerl Abr, Barr-Riq, Hidyah, Inyah, Ttr Khniyah, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/93) 5.5.2 Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib if imm has recited even a verse silently in qirat of jahree namz (viz. both rakats of faj'r, first two rakats of maghrib and ish) where it is vjib to recite loudly. (Ghnyah, RaddlMtr, Drr-e Mkhtr, lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat IV/54) 5.5.3 Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib if mnfarid (one who offers namz alone) has recited qirat loudly in sirree namz. However, sajdah-e sah'v will not be rendered vjib if mnfarid has recited qirat silently in jahree namz. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Bahr-e Shariat IV/54) 5.6 Erroneous recitation of tashahhd in qiym:

5.6.1 Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib if tashahhd has been recited in qiym of first two rakats after Soorahe Ftiah. (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat IV/53)

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Chapter 15: Rectification of namz 5.6.2 Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v will not be rendered vjib if tashahhd has been recited in qiym of first two rakats prior to Soorah-e Ftiah. (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat IV/53) 5.6.3 Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v will not be rendered vjib if tashahhd has been recited in qiym of last two rakats either prior or after Soorah-e Ftiah. (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat IV/53) 6.

Sajdah-e sah'v because of change in system and/or sequence of arkn:

System and/or sequence error in all sorts of namz System and/or sequence error in vit'r namz System and/or sequence error in Eidain namz

6.1

System and/or sequence error in all sorts of namz: Issue: System and/or sequence are vjib in performance of those deeds (rk'n) where system and sequence is predetermined. Sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib if anyone performs any deed disorderly. For example: One is supposed to bow for rkoo after qirat. Suppose anyone bows for rkoo without reciting qirat then he has missed the vjib to maintain the sequence: He must return to qiym, recite qirat and thereafter bow again for rkoo and at the end of namz perform sajdah-e sah'v. Namz will be rendered null and void if he performs sajdah without returning to qiym and qirat in this given case. This is because he has missed the far component of namz of reciting qirat. Namz will be rendered null and void even though he has returned for qiym and recited qirat but performed sajdah without bowing for rkoo. This is because the first rkoo which was performed

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Namz of Momin erroneously turns to be insignificant after qirat and hence rkoo must be performed again. (Raddl-Mtr, Bahr-e Shariat IV/51) 6.2 System and/or sequence error in vit'r namz:

6.2.1 Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib on forgetting takbeer-e qnoot in vit'r namz. (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat IV/53) 6.2.2 Issue: In vit'r namz if someone absentmindedly bows for rkoo without reciting d-e qnoot then it is absolutely unlawful to return back to qiym from rkoo. In this regard the verdict of Shariat is to conclude namz and at the end perform sajdah-e sah'v. Suppose imm bows for rkoo forgetting recitation of d-e qnoot then mqtadee must follow imm and bow for rkoo. In this case if prompted (luqmah is made) then it will be for an unlawful act (asking to return back to qiym position to recite d-e qnoot is unlawful). And, therefore saying takbeer (lqmah) to remind imm by a mqtadee will render his (mqtadees) namz null and void. It is not permissible to return back from rkoo leaving its performance just to recite d-e qnoot. Returning back to qiym from rkoo position for d-e qnoot is a sin. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Raddl-Mtr, Fatv RaaviyyahIII/645, 648) 6.3 System and/or sequence error in Eidain namz:

6.3.1 Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v will not be rendered vjib if imm has forgotten to say takbeer to bow for rkoo in first rakat of Eidain namz. However, sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib if imm has forgotten to say takbeer to bow for rkoo in second rakat of Eidain namz. (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat IV/53)

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Chapter 15: Rectification of namz 6.3.2 Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib if imm has committed following errors in Eidain namz: Forgot to say all extra six takbeer Forgot to say few from extra six takbeer Said more than six takbeer Said six takbeer but at other than the predetermined place. (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat IV/53) 7.

Sajdah-e sah'v in errors of tadeel-e arkn:

Issue: On forgetting tadeel-e arkn e.g. qaumah or jalsah sajdah-e sah'v is must. (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat IV/50)

8.

Sajdah-e sah'v in errors of qadah:

Reciting drood in qadah-e ool of four-rakats namz Proceeding for the next rakat after qadah-e kheerah Errors in recitation of tashahhd Skipping qadah-e ool Skipping qadah-e kheerah

8.1

Reciting drood in qadah-e ool of four-rakats namz: In far, vit'r and snnat-e makkadah namz In naf'l and snnat-e ghair makkadah namz

8.1.1

In far, vit'r and snnat-e makkadah namz: Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib if erroneously drood shareef has been recited even up to (Allhmma alli al Mammadin) or (Allhmma alli al Sayyedin) in qadah-e ool of far, vit'r or snnat-e makkadah. However, namz will have to be repeated if anybody does it deliberately. Reason: After qadah-e ool the next rk'n is qiym of third rakat which is a far component of namz. The recitation of drood (a snnat component of qadah) delays the accomplishment of far and therefore the sajdah-e sah'v has been rendered vjib. On this bases, if

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Namz of Momin someone merely remains seated silently (i.e. without reciting anything) for the time taken to recite (Allhmma alli al Mammadin) or (Allhmma alli al Sayyedin) after tashahhd even then sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib on him. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Raddl-Mtr, Bahr-e Shariat IV/53, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/636)
.

8.1.2

In naf'l and snnat-e ghair makkadah namz: Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v will not be rendered vjib if recited drood shareef and d-e moorah after tashahhd in qadah-e ool, rather it is masnoon. (Drr-e Mkhtr, lam-geeri, Fatv Qee Khn, Fatv RaaviyyahIII/469)

8.2

Proceeding for the next rakat after qadah-e kheerah: Issue: Suppose, in qadah kheerah someone recites only tashahhd under false belief of being in qadah-e ool and stands up for the next rakat. If he recollects prior to sajdah of that rakat then immediately he should come back to qadah and perform sajdah-e sah'v quickly without reciting tashahhd. After performing sajdah-e sah'v recite tashahhd, drood and d-e moorah and then conclude the namz. (Drr-e Mkhtr, RaddlMtr, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/633)

8.3

Errors in recitation of tashahhd:

8.3.1 Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib if tashahhd has been recited more than once in qadah-e ool. (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat IV/53) 8.3.2 Issue: It is vjib to recite entire tashahhd in each qadah. Even if a single word has been missed, one has missed the vjib and sajdah-e sah'v has to be performed to rectify the error irrespective of namz, which may be either naf'l or far. (lam-geeri, Drr-e Mkhtr, Bahr-e Shariat IV/53)

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Chapter 15: Rectification of namz 8.3.3 Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib if Soorah-e Ftiah has been recited instead of tashahhd. (lamgeeri, Bahr-e Shariat IV/53, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/134, Al-Malfoo-III/43) 8.4 Skipping qadah-e ool: Skipping qadah-e ool in naf'l namz Skipping qadah-e ool in far, vit'r or snnat-e makkadah
namz Skipping qadah-e ool by mqtadee

8.4.1 In naf'l namz: Issue: Suppose, someone is performing four-rakats namz with the niyyat (intention) of naf'l and after sajdah of second rakat stands up erect for third rakat forgetting qadah-e ool. In this given case, though he has stood up erect, if he recollects prior to sajdah of third rakat then he must return back to qadah and at the end of namz rectify the error by making sajdah-e sah'v 5. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Bahr-e Shariat IV/52) 8.4.2 In far, vit'r or snnat-e makkadah namz: Issue: Suppose, one has erroneously stood up erect for third rakat qiym skipping qadah-e ool in far, vit'r or snnat-e makkadah namz, then he should not return back to qadah and after accomplishing the namz rectify it by making sajdah-e sah'v. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Ghnyah, Bahr-e Shariat IV/53, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/634) 8.4.3 By mqtadee: Issue: If mqtadee skipping qadah-e ool stands up for third rakat then it becomes essential to return back to qadah and follow and imitate imm in order to save oneself from the charge of disobeying imm. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Bahr-e Shariat IV/51)

Qadah-e kheerah is a far component of namz whereas qadahe ool is vjib component. For naf'l namz each qadah is qadah-e kheerah and hence both qadah in four-rakats naf'l namz become far.

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Namz of Momin Note: This mqtadee need not make sajdah-e sah'v in order to rectify his error and he should conclude namz by making salm along with imm. 8.5 Skipping qadah-e kheerah: By masbooq By imm 8.5.1 Skipping qadah-e kheerah by masbooq: Issue: Suppose in far namz someone has forgotten qadah-e kheerah and stood up for next rakat, then: Till he has not performed sajdah of that rakat he should return back to qadah and at the end rectify the error by making sajdah-e sah'v. Once sajdah of that rakat has been performed and head is lifted, the namz (of that rakat) will be converted into naf'l (from far). And, therefore yet an additional rakat should be performed in all namzes except maghrib to make the even number of rakats. Discussion on this issue: Suppose in far namz of oh'r one forgets to sit in qadah-e kheerah and stands up for fifth rakat and even performs sajdah of this fifth rakat. At this moment (after making out the error) he should perform one more rakat (sixth rakat). This fifth and sixth rakat will be considered as naf'l namz. At the end of sixth rakat make sajdah-e sah'v to rectify the namz. Suppose in far namz of maghrib one forgets to sit in qadah-e kheerah and stands up for fourth rakat and even performs sajdah of this fourth rakat. At this moment (after making out the error) instead of adding one more rakat, namz should be concluded at the end of fourth rakat with sajdah-e sah'v. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Raddl-Mtr, Bahr-e Shariat IV/52) 8.5.2 Skipping qadah-e kheerah by imm: Issue: If imm stands up erect after reciting tashahhd in qadah-e kheerah then mqtadee should not follow him.

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Chapter 15: Rectification of namz Mqtadee should wait so that if imm returns back to qadah, they can follow him and conclude namz along with imm. If imm does not return back and after qiym, qirat and rkoo prostrate for sajdah of that additional rakat, then mqtadee should conclude their namz by making salm. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Raddl-Mtr, Bahr-e Shariat IV/52) 9.

Sajdah-e sah'v in errors of rkoo and sajdah:

9.1 Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib on performance of:

.

Rkoo instead of sajdah Sajdah instead of rkoo. (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat IV/53) 9.2 Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib if rkoo has been performed twice in a rakat. Reason: Only one rkoo is vjib in a rakat and this vjib is missed on making two rkoo. (Bahr-e Shariat III/75) 9.3 Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib if sajdah has been performed thrice in a rakat. (Fatv RaaviyyahIII/646) 9.4 Issue: Namz will remain in order and there will be no need of making sajdah-e sah'v in following errors: Said (Sb'hn Rabbiyal Al) instead of (Sb'hn Rabbiyal Aeem) in rkoo. Said (Sb'hn Rabbiyal Aeem) instead of (Sb'hn Rabbiyal Al) in sajdah. Said (Allh-Akbar) instead of (Samiallh-leman amidah) whilst returning from rkoo. (Fatv Raaviyyah-III/647) 10.

Sajdah-e sah'v by masbooq mqtadee:

Sajdah-e sah'v by masbooq Masbooq need not following imm in making salm

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10.1

Sajdah-e sah'v by masbooq: Issue: Masbooq is himself responsible for his errors committed while performing missed rakats. Therefore he has to make sajdah-e sah'v at the end even though he has performed sajdah-e sah'v along with imm (for errors encountered by imm). Explanation: Suppose a masbooq performs sajdah-e sah'v along with imm and thereafter stands up to complete his missed rakats. While performing missed rakats if he meets with an error, he has to make sajdah-e sah'v at the end of namz to rectify the error committed on his account. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Bahr-e Shariat IV/54)

10.2

Masbooq need not follow imm in making salm:

10.2.1 Issue: Making salm is forbidden for masbooq mqtadee until missed rakats are accomplished. For instance: Situation 1: Imm is making salm for sajdah-e sah'v. Masbooq will not follow imm in making salm. He will remain unmoved but will follow while performing sajdahe sah'v. Situation 2: Imm is making salm to conclude namz after sajdah-e sah'v. Here too, masbooq will not follow imm in making salm. He will remain unmoved till imm makes one (first) salm. The moment first salm is over masbooq will stands up to accomplish missed rakats. 10.2.2 Issue: Namz will be rendered null & void if masbooq deliberately follows imm in making salm for: Sajdah-e sah'v Concluding namz after sajdah-e sah'v. Reason:

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Chapter 15: Rectification of namz Because of this deliberate act (unlawful) of making salm there is interruption in the continuity of namz and hence namz will be rendered invalid. 10.2.3 Issue: Namz will remain in order and masbooq mqtadee need not perform sajdah-e sah'v again if he has instantaneously followed imm (erroneously) in making salm either for sajdah-e sah'v or to conclude namz after sajdah-e sah'v. Reason: As masbooq mqtadee has followed imm instantaneously in making salm (which is of course by mistake), he is not responsible for his own errors. He was still a mqtadee and as we know, sajdah-e sah'v is not vjib on mqtadee even for errors committed by him. 10.2.4 Issue: Namz will remain in order but masbooq mqtadee has to make sajdah-e sah'v again if he follows imm with some delay (followed after imm has already completed first salm). Reason: This is because masbooq has followed with some delay (after imm has already completed first salm). With first namz imms namz is over and masbooq has become mnfarid. As we know, mnfarid is responsible himself for all errors committed by him and hence sajdah-e sah'v will be rendered vjib on this masbooq. 10.2.5 Wrap up of the issue 10.2: Masbooq can not follow imm in making salm for sajdah-e sah'v. However, he must follow imm in performing sajdah-e sah'v. (Reference and concept from: Khaznatl Mfteen, ilyah Shar'-e Mnyah, shiyah avee Alal Mrqeeyl Fal, Barr-Riq, Fatv RaaviyyahIII/634)

11.

Miscellaneous issues:
Sajdah-e sah'v applicable for all sorts of namzes

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Exemption from sajdah-e sah'v Sajdah-e sah'v only once in a namz

Skip sajdah-e sah'v in namz-e Jmah or Eidain Obligation of sajdah-e sah'v passes on to mqtadee 11.1 Sajdah-e sah'v applicable for all sorts of namzes: Issue: Same rule applies for both naf'l and far namz as far as sajdah-e sah'v is concerned. The statement is meant to understand that sajdah-e sah'v is rendered vjib on omission of any vjib/vjibt in naf'l namz also. (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat IV/50) 11.2 Exemption from sajdah-e sah'v: Issue: Sajdah-e sah'v is exempted in the situations where time is under constrain. To take an example, suppose in namz-e faj'r sajdah-e sah'v has been rendered vjib due to some involuntary errors or missed obligations. Performer of this namz will perform sajdahe sah'v after one salm. But sun rises on the very moment he has made the first salm. Now any sort of ibdat is forbidden immediately after sunrise and hence in this given situation sajdah-e sah'v will be exempted. (Raddl-Mtr, Bahr-e Shariat IV/49) 11.3 Skip sajdah-e sah'v in namz-e Jmah or Eidain: Issue: It is superlative not to do sajdah-e sah'v in namz-e Jmah or Eidain. In these namzes usually there is huge crowd. On performance of sajdah-e sah'v there is a possibility of public hue and cry and hence to avoid such situations religious scholars have permitted to skip sajdah-e sah'v. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Raddl-Mtr, Bahr-e Shariat IV/53, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/689) 11.4 Sajdah-e sah'v only once in a namz: Issue: It is sufficient to perform sajdah-e sah'v only once even though more than one vjibt have been missed. (Raddl-Mtr, Bahr-e Shariat IV/50) 11.5 Obligation of sajdah-e sah'v passes on to mqtadee:
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Chapter 15: Rectification of namz Issue: On commission of errors by imm obligation of sajdah-e sah'v passes to mqtadee too, even though that mqtadee has joined the jamat after the commission of errors. Explanation: Suppose, in qadah ool imm erroneously recites drood after tashahhd which renders sajdah-e sah'v vjib. Now, a latecomer joins the jamat in third rakat (i.e. after commission of error). Performance of sajdah-e sah'v becomes vjib both on imm as well as that latecomer mqtadee. Laggard mqtadee will have to perform sajdah-e sah'v along with imm and thereafter will accomplish missed part of namz after imm concludes namz by one (first) salm. (Raddl-Mtr, Bahr-e Shariat IV/54)

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(Qr'n Shareef, Soorah 4- An-Nis, verse 110) And, whenever someone does something evil, or wrongs himself, then begs forgiveness of Allh , He will find that Allh Tal is All forgiving, All Compassionate.

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