Date 100807

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PDS Tut. & Lab.: III (CS 11001/19001): Section 9 Dept. of CS&Engg., IIT Kharagpur 1
Tutorial & Laboratory

Programming & Data Structure: CS11001/19001

Section - 9/C
DO NOT POWER ON THE MACHINE
Department of Computer Science and Engineering

I.I.T. Kharagpur
Autumn Semester: 2007 - 2008 (10.08.2007)
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Download
Download the file date100807.ps from

Programming & Data Structures ... of
http://www.facweb.iitkgp.ernet.in/∼goutam
View the file using the command kghostview & or

ggv &
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File Name Convention
• The file name will be CmmAA.c, where ‘C’

is for the section 9, ‘mm’ is the machine
number and ‘AA’ is the assignment number
e.g. C0904.c is the C program file from
section 9, machine number ‘09’, for the 4th
assignment.
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Submission File
• Copy C0904.c to C0904.prn :

$ cp C0904.c C0904.prn
• Let there be five (5) sets of test input.
Collect five sets of output in a file by
executing ./a.out five times in the following
way.
$ ./a.out >> C0904.out
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Submission File (cont.)
• Append the output file to the print file:

$ cat C0904.out >> C0904.prn
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Submission File
• You may see the content of C0904.prn by:

$ cat C0904.prn | less
• If you are satisfied, submit C0904.prn by ftp.
• If you are not satisfied, remove both
C0904.out and C0904.prn,
$ rm C0904.out C0904.prn
Fix the error and repeat the process.
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No need to create .prn if the .c file is asked.
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Submission by ftp
$ ftp 10.3.19.55
Connected to 10.3.19.55 (10.3.19.55).
220 pclabII102 FTP server (Version wu-2.6.2-5)
ready.
Name (10.3.19.55:.....): pds09
Password: *******
230 User pds07 logged in.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
> cd assignment04
250 CWD command successful.
ftp> put C0904.prn (or C0904.c · · ·)
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Submission by ftp
ftp> put C0904.prn

local: C0904.prn remote: C0904.prn
227 Entering Passive Mode (...............)
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection
for bat.
226 Transfer complete.
26 bytes sent in ......... secs (....... Kbytes/sec)
ftp> bye
............
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Assignment I
Write a C program that reads the coefficients of a pair of

simultaneous equations and finds out whether there is an
unique solution or there are infinitely many solutions or
there is no solution. In case of an unique solution, print
the coordinates of the point of intersection.
a1 x + b 1 y = c 1 , (1)
a2 x + b 2 y = c 2 (2)
Assume that the type of each coefficient is double. Use
format specification %lf in scanf() and %f in printf().
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Input data
Test your program on the following sets of input data.
Equation 1 Equation 2
a1 b1 c1 a2 b2 c2
3.0 4.0 7.0 1.0 −2.0 4.0
4.5 9.1 11.0 9.0 18.2 17.0
4.5 2.75 10.0 9.0 5.50 20.0
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Assignment I: Send the .c file by ftp
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Return value of scanf()
The function scanf() returns the number of

data it has read successfully. It returns EOF if
the end-of-file is encountered while reading
data. The end-of-file for the stdin (the
keyboard) is Ctrl-D.
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Return value of scanf()
#include <stdio.h>
int main(){ // scanf.c
int m, n, p, retV ;
retV = scanf("%d", &n) ;

printf("retV: %d\n", retV) ;
retV = scanf("%d%d", &n, &m) ;
retV = scanf("%d%d%d", &n, &m, &p) ;
return 0 ;
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}
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scanf() to Terminate Loop
#include <stdio.h>
int main(){ // scanf1.c
double n ;
while(scanf("%lf", &n) != EOF)

printf("\tn: %f\n", n);
return 0 ;
}
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Assignment II
Write a C program that reads a sequence of

floating-point numbers from the keyboard (file
stdin) and computes the arithmetic mean,
geometric mean, harmonic mean and standard
deviation of the data. The number of data is
not known a priori and you count them while
reading. [You are not allowed to use any array]
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Arithmetic Mean
The arithmetic mean (Am ) of a set of data

{d1 , d2 , · · · , dn } is
1X n
Am = di .
n i=1
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Geometric Mean
The geometric mean (Gm ) of a set of data

{d1 , d2 , · · · , dn } is
v
u n
Y
Gm = di .
u
n
t
i=1
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Harmonic Mean
The harmonic mean (Hm ) of a set of data

{d1 , d2 , · · · , dn } is
n
Hm = Pn 1 .
i=1 di
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Standard Deviation
The standard deviation (σ) of a set of data

{d1 , d2 , · · · , dn } is
v
n
u1 X
u
σ = t (d i − A m )2
n i=1
v
u1 X
u n
= t (d2i − 2di Am + A2m )
n i=1
v  
u1 X n n
u
d2i − 2Am di + nA2m 
X
=
u 
t
n i=1 i=1
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What to Compute
1. The number of data - use a variable

initialized to zero, and increment it after
each read.
2. The sum of the data - initialization is same
as (1), accumulate the sum in the variable,
the variable type is different.
3. The product of the data - similar to (1), but
the initialization is different; accumulate the
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product.
4. The sum of the reciprocal and the sum of
the square of the data - similar to case (2).
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Input data Set
Input Am Gm Hm σ
{1} 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0
{100, 200} 150.0 141.42 133.33 50.0
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10} 5.5 4.53 3.414 2.87
{1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.5, 6.5} 4.0 3.58 3.141 1.707
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Assignment III
Write a C program that reads the x-y coordinates of

three distinct points A(x1 , y1 ), B(x2 , y2 ) and C(x3 , y3 ) in
order. The program prints the following output.
1. whether the third point C is on the line joining A and
B; if not whether it belongs to the upper half-space
(left half-space in case the line is parallel to the
y-axis) or the lower half-space (right half-space) and
2. if one moves from the first point (A) to the second
point (B), whether he will have to turn left or to
right to reach the third point (C) without crossing
the line of AB.
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Y
C
B
left
right
C C
O X
left half−space A
right half−space
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Y
C
right half−space
left half−space
A
C C
O X
left
right
B
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Y
C
B
C left
right C
O X
lower half−space
upper half−space
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Y
C
A
C lower half−space
O X
right
B left
upper half−space
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Y
C
C
B
right
upper half−space
O X
left
lower half−space A
C
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Y
C
C
A
lower half−space
left
O X
right upper half−space
C B
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Input data
Test your program on the following sets of input data.
A(x1 , y1 ) B(x2 , y2 ) C(x3 , y3 )

(1, 2) (1, −3) (1, 4)
(1, 2) (1, −3) (−1, 4)
(1, 2) (1, −3) (3, 4)
(1, −3) (1, 2) (−1, 4)
(1, −3) (1, 2) (3, 4)
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Input data
A(x1 , y1 ) B(x2 , y2 ) C(x3 , y3 )

(0, 2) (1, 0) (2, −2)
(0, 2) (1, 0) (2, −1)
(0, 2) (1, 0) (−1, −1)
(1, 0) (0, 2) (2, −1)
(1, 0) (0, 2) (−1, −1)
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Input data
A(x1 , y1 ) B(x2 , y2 ) C(x3 , y3 )

(0, −2) (1, 0) (2, 2)
(0, −2) (1, 0) (2, 3)
(0, −2) (1, 0) (2, −1)
(1, 0) (0, −2) (2, 3)
(1, 0) (0, −2) (2, −1)
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Practice Problem I : Quadratic Equation
Write a C program to find the roots of the

quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0. The input
date are a, b and c (any one, two or all three of
them may√ be zero). Take special care when the
value of b2 − 4ac is equal to zero or −ve.
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Cases of Quadratic Equation
Following are the different cases depending on

data.
1. a = b = 0 : not an equation.
2. a = 0 : not a quadratic equation.
3. b2 − 4ac = 0 : quadratic equation - equal roots.
4. b2 − 4ac > 0 : quadratic equation - unequal
roots.
5. b2 − 4ac < 0 : quadratic equation - complex
roots (real and imaginary parts are to be
computed separately).
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Sample Input Data
a b c
0 0 1.0
0 −2.0 −8.0
4.0 12.0 9.0
2.5 4.0 1.6
1.0 −2.0 −15.0
1.25 4.0 4.0
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Tutorial & Laboratory

DO NOT POWER ON THE MACHINE

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Download the file date100807.ps from

View the file using the command kghostview & or

File Name Convention

• The file name will be CmmAA.c, where ‘C’

• Copy C0904.c to C0904.prn :

Submission File (cont.)

• Append the output file to the print file:

• You may see the content of C0904.prn by:

ftp> put C0904.prn

Write a C program that reads the coefficients of a pair of

Test your program on the following sets of input data.

Return value of scanf()

The function scanf() returns the number of

Return value of scanf()

retV = scanf("%d", &n) ;

scanf() to Terminate Loop

while(scanf("%lf", &n) != EOF)

Write a C program that reads a sequence of

The arithmetic mean (Am ) of a set of data

The geometric mean (Gm ) of a set of data

The harmonic mean (Hm ) of a set of data

The standard deviation (σ) of a set of data

1. The number of data - use a variable

Input data Set

Write a C program that reads the x-y coordinates of

Test your program on the following sets of input data.

A(x1 , y1 ) B(x2 , y2 ) C(x3 , y3 )

A(x1 , y1 ) B(x2 , y2 ) C(x3 , y3 )

A(x1 , y1 ) B(x2 , y2 ) C(x3 , y3 )

Practice Problem I : Quadratic Equation

Write a C program to find the roots of the

Cases of Quadratic Equation

Following are the different cases depending on

Sample Input Data

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