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OBJECTVE

To measure compressive modulus of elasticity and yield strength.
To observe the difference between compressive failure and tensile failure.

NTRODUCTON

A compression test is a method for determining the behavior of materials under a
compressive load. Compression tests are conducted by loading the test specimen
between two plates, and then applying a force to the specimen by moving the
crossheads together. During the test, the specimen is compressed, and deformation
versus the applied load is recorded. The compression test is used to determine elastic
limit, proportional limit, yield point, yield strength, and (for some materials) compressive
strength.
An axial compression testing is useful procedure for measuring the plastic flow
behavior and ductile fracture limits of materials. Axial compression testing is also useful
for measurement of elastic and compressive fracture properties of brittle or low ductility
materials.

APPARATUS

O 3 different lengths of aluminum rods.
O Calipers.
O Universal Testing Machine.






PROCEDURE

1. Prepare all 3 types of test specimens and the ends of this specimen must be smooth
and flat.
2. Take and record the reading of the diameter and the length of the specimens.
3. Switch ON the Universal Testing Machine and activate the NSTRON program.
Warm up the machine to normal operating temperature to avoid errors that might
arise from transient condition.
4. The jaws of the test machine must be change to accommodate for compression test.
The specimen need to place at the center of the bottom plate. Lower the upper plate
close to the specimen.
5. Ensure that there is no gap between the specimen and the upper plate.
6. Set the machine's working unit to S. unit. Enter the necessary information about the
specimens such as the compressive range about half of the original length, the
speed and the stop criteria.
. The load and the extension need to reset to zero and start the experiment and wait
for the machine to prompt the user for future action.
8. Save all the necessary information to the diskette.
9. Return all the tools to their proper places and make sure the machine is TURN OFF
before leave the laboratory.










RESULT



y 23382x + 8882
8 0882
0
30
100
130
200
230
300
330
400
430
300
0 30 100 130 200
Comp Stress vs Comp Stra|n Graph #1
Comp SLress vs Comp SLraln
Craph #1
Llnear (Comp SLress vs Comp
SLraln Craph #1)



DSCUSSON

There are two major tests that can be done to material that can be used in
production. There are tensile test and compression test. From the direct meaning, we
0
3100948
4026786
4634069
3447799
6286836
7219297
y 38192x + 13769
8 08733
0
100
200
300
400
300
600
700
800
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Comp Stress vs Comp Stra|n Graph #2
Comp SLress vs Comp SLraln
Craph #2
Llnear (Comp SLress vs
Comp SLraln Craph #2)
0
3028333
3833471
4476039
3130834
3860078
6743663
y 11366x + 12637
8 08969
0
100
200
300
400
300
600
700
800
0 10 20 30 40 30 60
Comp Stress vs Comp Stra|n Graph #3
Comp SLress vs Comp SLraln
#2 Craph
Llnear (Comp SLress vs Comp
SLraln #2 Craph)
know that tensile test is done by expand the material, while compression test id=s done
by compress the material. n this compression test, we can determine the behavior of
materials under crushing loads. Compression test are generally conducted on standard
specimens but may be conducted on any specimen of known cross-sectional area and
the diameter of specimen. n this test, the specimen is compressed to failure in a
relatively short time at a constant rate. The force (load) on the specimen being tested is
measured by the load cell while the strain is obtained from the extensometer attached to
the specimen and the data is collected in a computer control software package.
Compression test can be done on various shape of specimen. The most common
specimen used for compression testing is a right circular cylinder with flat ends. Other
shapes may be used. However, they require special fixtures to avoid buckling.
n this experiment, there are several precautions that should be considered:
O The specimen should be placed at the center of the bottom plate and make sure
there is no gap between the specimen and the upper plate to make sure the
specimen not bent.
O The machines, its controls, its speeds, the action of the weighing mechanism, and
the value of the graduations on the load indicator should be familiarizing before
operating the machine.

RECOMMENDATON

Change the old computer to the new one because we need to a diskette to save all
the data.
Provide the gloves to avoid from any injuries.
Place the specimens properly to the place.

CONCLUSON

After finish this experiment, all of the objectives had been archived successfully
without any errors. When a load is applied to a material, it will experience a
compression. The axial compression test can use for measurement of elastic and
compressive fracture properties of brittle or low ductility materials. Then, we can
calculate the compressive of stress and strain and plotted the diagram. From that, we
can know the elastic limit, proportional limit, yield point, yield strength and compressive
strength.

REFERENCES

1. Manufacturing Engineering Lab 1 (MME 2121).
2. Kalpakjian, S. & Schmid, S.R. (2006). Manufacturing Engineering and
Technology. 6
th
Edition, Prentice Hall nternational.