VMWare Notes

VMware vSphere Training
Train Signal, Inc. David Davis, vExpert, VCP, CCIE
Video 1
Introduction to the VMware vSphere Training Course
By: David Davis, vExpert, VCP, CCIE

What is VMware vSphere?
The most advanced virtualization platform available The replacement for the VMware Virtual Infrastructure Suite Includes VMware ESX Server

What will we cover in this vSphere Training Course?
Instructor introduction and scenario overview VMware Certification VCP and VCDX Introduction to Virtualization Virtualization Product Compared VMware ESXi 4 Free Edition for the SMB Installing the vSphere Client Navigating vSphere and using the vSpere client Running ESX 4 inside Workstation Installing ESX 4 Installing ESXi 4

Installing vCenter 4 Configuring your new vCenter virtual infrastructure Creating and Modifying Guest virtual machines Installing and configuring VMware Tools Adding virtual machine hardware with Hot Plug Using vSphere host profiles Administering VMware ESX server security Intro to and Installing VMware Data Recovery Backup and Restore with Data Recovery Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology

Configuring vSphere Storage Creating a Free iSCSI SAN with OpenFiler vSphere Virtual Networking vNetwork Distributed Switch Understanding and using Tasks, Events, and Alarms Performance Optimization in vSphere Upgrading from ESX 3.x and VI to vSphere 4 Moving VMs with VMotion Moving virtual storage with SVMotion Load balancing with DRS

Implementing High Availability with VMware HA (VMHA) Super High Availability with VMware Fault Tolerance (FT) And many more videos are on the way!

Video 2
Meet your Instructor:

Meet your Instructor
15+ years in IT Used Virtualization in production vExpert, VCP, Linux+, CISSP, & CCIE Author of hundreds of virtualization articles Author of 6 Train Signal video training courses Speaker and Judge at Virtualization events

Why is VMware ESX so important to me, you, and the future of IT?
Flexibility & Power come with virtualization Prevent server proliferation Server consolidation Testing & Development Disaster Recovery High Availability Cost savings (ROI)

Video 3
Our Scenario with the Wired Brain Coffee Company

Our Scenario @ the Wired Brain Coffee Company
The Wired Brain Coffee Co. (WBC) is a chain of highly successful coffee houses. Their many locations are found in most US cities and they are spreading to other continents such as the EU and Asia. Tom Jenner III is the CIO at WBC. As a consultant from California, you have met Tom at their headquarters and primary data center, located in Bandon, Oregon.

Wired Brain Coffee has 3 data centers in the US to support the technology needs of their coffee houses and corporate HQ. With the economy tightening and the never ending need to maximize shareholder value, Tom at WBC is always looking for ways to make the most out of the IT staffs time and reduce costs.

You are here to: Help Tom justify why VMware vSphere is a good fit for their needs Design the VMware vSphere infrastructure Install VMware ESX, vCenter, and all the pieces of the vSphere Suite Fully Implement the vSphere into production and consolidate physical servers into virtual servers (P2V)


Video 4
VMware Certification Preparing for the VCP and VCDX

In this video
What are my VMware certification options? What does it take to get a VCP? What are the benefits to becoming a VCP? How do I upgrade my VCP to the latest version? How do I best prepare for the VCP? What is a VCDX and how do I achieve it? What is a vExpert?

What are my VMware Certification Options?
VMware Certified Professional (VCP) After that, you can work toward the VMware Certified Design Expert (VCDX)

What does it take to get a VCP?
VCP certification is based on VMware ESX & vSphere VCP 2, VCP3, and now VCP4 is current To obtain your VCP, you must attend an official VMware class (instructor or online) and pass the VCP exam. The VCP exam is taken a VUE testing center & is test VCP-310.

What does it take to get a VCP?
There is no self study option that allows you to obtain a VCP at this time. This course is designed to teach you how to use VMware ESX Server effectively in a production environment, in the real world

What are the benefits to becoming a VCP?
Demonstrate your VMware technical expertise to employers and customers Increase your potential for career advancement Use the VMware Certified Professional logo on your business card or website Free license for VMware Workstation for Windows or Linux

How do I upgrade my VCP certification?
VCP certifications were available in ESX 2, then ESX 3, now they are available in ESX 4 / vSphere 4. If you already have a VCP, you need to upgrade it. You must upgrade your VCP3 to a VCP4 by December 31, 2009 in order to avoid having to take a VMware training course.


How do I best prepare for the VCP?
Hands-on experience download and try for yourself Video training recreate the exercises in this course in your own lab Books VCP test simulation questions VMware Communities Classroom training

What does it take to get a VCDX?
VCDX VMware Certified Design Expert Pass VCP Pass Enterprise Admin Exam Pass Design Exam Present and defend a VMware Infrastructure Design

What is a vExpert?
vExpert VMware award given to individuals who have significantly contributed to the community of VMware users and helped spread the word about virtualization over the past year (an award good for one year).

What We Covered
What are my VMware certification options? What does it take to get a VCP? What are the benefits to becoming a VCP? How do I upgrade my VCP to the latest
version? How do I best prepare for the VCP? What is a VCDX and how do I achieve it? What is a vExpert?

Video 5-1
Introduction to Virtualization

In this video
What is Virtualization? What are the various types of virtualization? (Server, Storage, Network, Application, and Desktop) What form of virtualization is right for you? How can Server Virtualization help me?

What is Virtualization?
"Virtualization is a journey, not a project." Virtualization is an ambiguous term requiring clarification. Specifically, we are talking about Server Virtualization.

Server virtualization is where you use virtual machines to separate the hardware from the virtual operating systems, allowing you to run multiple operating systems on a single computer, all at the same time.
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For many IT Pros getting started with virtualization or using it on their desktop, virtualization is done with a general virtualization product like MS Virtual PC/Server or VMware Workstation/Server. But, in the datacenter, you are going to use a product like VMware ESX.

These two approaches to virtualization are:

Virtualization Management Layer Dedicated Virtualization

What is Virtualization? Virtualization Management Layer Approach (also called hosted)
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What is Virtualization? Dedicated Virtualization Approach

What are the various types of Virtualization?
Server Storage Network Application Desktop

(all umbrella terms that require clarification)

What is Server Virtualization?
Many physical servers are consolidated into fewer virtual servers Termed P2V consolidation Many IT and business benefits are gained from this consolidation Examples: VMware ESX, MS Hyper-V, or Citrix Xen
Graphic Thanks to VMware.com
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What is Storage Virtualization?
If you can virtualize your servers, why not virtualize your storage? Removes the physical mapping of storage and moves storage into logical objects. These logical (or virtual) objects are much more easily managed. Many benefits are achieved from the virtualization of storage lower cost of storage, ease of data migration, and less administrative burden

What is Network Virtualization?
Internal network virtualization provides network functionality in software. Example: VMware ESX & Microsoft HyperV virtual networks External network virtualization provides multiple network functions in one unit. Example: a Cisco switch with VLAN capabilities or integrated applications

What is Application Virtualization?
Virtualization of applications so that they are encapsulated and are able to run on another system without actually installing them This allows any app to run without conflicts, usually via streaming Examples: VMware ThinApp, XenApp, and MS Softgrid
Graphic Courtesy of VMware.com
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What is Desktop Virtualization?
Desktop Virtualization is also called VDI (virtual desktop infrastructure) Desktop Virtualization is the consolidation of desktop computers into virtualized server systems Examples:
VMware VDM / View Citrix / XenDesktop

What type of Virtualization is right for you?
Various types of virtualization are all related in some way Implementation of one type of virtualization may drive needs in other areas Type of virtualization needed depends on your companys business needs (devices, users, applications, geography, dynamics) Every company (or individual) could benefit from some form of virtualization

What makes virtualization so appealing?
Fewer servers & less infrastructure needed Ease administrative burden Less energy required = going green Speed response to business needs Increased availability of servers Easier disaster recovery Lower overall cost and + ROI
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How can Server Virtualization help me?
Production data centers

Consolidate servers (especially legacy applications) Consolidate desktops Make more efficient use of hardware (greener?) Enhance IT staff productivity Fewer points of admin Less hardware maintenance and fewer infrastructure requirements Faster server deployment React faster to business needs Faster Server replacement High Availability & Load-balancing

How can Server Virtualization help me?
Testing and Development

Point in Time Snapshots Network Isolation Appliance download
Disaster Recovery
Hardware Independence (application portability)
Also - see the VMware TCO Calculator

What We Covered
What is Virtualization? What are the various types of
virtualization? (Server, Storage, Network, Application, and Desktop) What form of virtualization is right for you? How can Server Virtualization help me?
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Video 5-2
Virtualization Products Compared

In this video
How do the various virtualization products compare?

VMware ESX/ESXi VMware Server Microsoft Hyper-V Microsoft Virtual Server Citrix XenServer

Virtualization products compared
VMware ESX 4 Server

Enterprise grade virtualization solution (directly on HW) Offers large suite of enterprise-grade features in the vSphere Suite (formerly known as the Virtual Infrastructure Suite) Most proven solution on the market (ESX 1.0 launched in 2001) Runs on only on 64-bit servers Memory over-commitment is a huge feature Comes in 3 flavors:
ESX Full ESXi ESXi Free
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VMware Server
Free Uses virtualization management layer approach causing greater overhead Runs on Windows or Linux Has a web interface for management (new in version 2) Runs x86 or x64 VMs

Microsoft Hyper-V
Enterprise grade virtualization solution (directly on HW) Offers centralized management with System Center Virtual Machine Manager (SCVMM) 64 bit hypervisor that runs on only on 64-bit servers Runs either x86 or x64 VMs Comes in either stand-alone (free) or in the various versions of Windows Server 2008 Windows 2008 R2 (currently in RC) offers Live Migration, hot add VM storage, and more

Microsoft Virtual Server 2005 R2 with SP1

Free Uses virtualization management layer approach causing greater overhead Runs on Windows Server 2003 Has a web interface for management and can integrate into SCVMM Can run more VMs when running on a x64 platform Runs only x86 VMs
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Citrix XenServer
Free Enterprise grade virtualization solution (directly on HW) 64 bit hypervisor that runs on only on 64-bit servers Runs either x86 or x64 VMs Offers a huge number of features: 8 virtual CPUs, centralized management, live motion, VM template library, centralized configuration management, patch management, hot swappable disks and NICs, and more Offers advanced features with Essentials (available for Xen or Hyper-V) such as lab management, dynamic provisioning, workflow, and HA

Graphic thanks to VMware, Inc

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What We Covered
How do the various virtualization
product offering stack up?

VMware ESX/ESXi VMware Server Microsoft Hyper-V Microsoft Virtual Server Citrix XenServer

Video 6
VMware ESXi 4 Free Edition for the SMB
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In this video
What does VMware ESXi Free Edition offer you? Why is ESXi Free ideal for the SMB? What hardware does ESXi Free run on? Where do I obtain ESXi Free and install it? VMware Free Edition FAQ When will I need to upgrade to the vSphere Suite and why?

What does VMware ESXi Free Edition offer you?
Use one server for more than one OS and application Save on hardware, power, and cooling costs Enable easier backup and restore Ease administrative burden

Why is ESXi Free ideal for the SMB?
Ease of upgrade to the most full featured virtualization platform today = vSphere Allows you to do more with less Save time and money Twice the consolidation ratio
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What hardware does ESXi Free run on?
ESXi 4 will run on most 64 bit hardware (see the VMware vSphere HCL) If you only have 32 bit hardware, consider ESXi 3.5

Where do I obtain ESXi Free and how do I install it?
VMware.com
VMware ESXi (free download)
Register to download Download Create installation media Install

VMware ESXi Free Edition FAQ
Is there support for ESXi Free? Can I import VMs from MS VS, VPC, and VMware Server? How are ESXi Free and ESXi different? Can I eval the full vSphere suite to compare?
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When will I need to upgrade to the vSphere Suite and why?
When you feel the need to have centralized management (3 servers or greater?) More features patch management, high availability, VMotion, and more


What We Covered
What does VMware ESXi Free Edition offer
you? Why is ESXi Free ideal for the SMB? What hardware does ESXi Free run on? Where do I obtain ESXi Free and install it? VMware Free Edition FAQ When will I need to upgrade to the vSphere Suite and why?
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Video 7
VMware vSphere 4 and ESX Essentials

In this video
vSphere Overview This just in! vSphere Offers All New Features Learning vEverything vCloud, vCompute, vNetwork, vStorage, and vMore Packaging, Versions, Components, and more No you cannot buy ESX New Licensing Changes in vSphere Upgrading from VI 3.x

vSphere Overview
A virtualization platform and associated suite of products Replaced Virtual Infrastructure (VI Suite) ESX is a part of vSphere
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This just in! vSphere Offers All New Features
New packaging, pricing, and licensing Data Recovery Fault Tolerance Hot Add Host Profiles vShield Zones

This just in! vSphere Offers All New Features
dvSwitch (enabling Cisco Nexus 1000v) Thin Provisioning > Performance


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Learning vEverything vCloud, vCompute, vNetwork, vStorage, and vMore
vCloud vSphere
Applications Availability, Security, and Stability Infrastructure vCompute, vStorage, and vNetwork
vCenter


vSphere Components
ESX and ESXi vCenter Server Agent vStorage VMFS vSMP vCenter Update Manager VMotion / SVMotion
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vSphere Components
HA / FT DRS and DPM vStorage Thin Provisioning Data Recovery vShield Zones Host Profiles vNetwork Distributed Switch

vSphere Components
Hot Add vStorage APIs (VCB) vApps

VMware vSphere-related products
vCenter vCenter Site Recovery Manager (SRM) vCenter Lab Manager Capacity Planner vCenter Lifecycle Manager vCenter Stage Manager
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VMware vSphere-related products
vCenter Server Heartbeat vCenter AppSpeed vCenter Converter vCenter Orchestrator

Packaging and Versions
ESXi Free Essentials & Essentials Plus Standard Advanced Enterprise Enterprise Plus

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No, you cannot buy ESX
Can I buy just VMware ESX Server? Its just called ESX Its part of vSphere

New Licensing Changes in vSphere
Centralized Licensing (or not) Buy vSphere per CPU socket (up to 6)
Adv & Enterprise Plus go up to 12 core
vCenter is still separate

Available in 3 editions standard, foundation, and essentials
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New Licensing Changes in vSphere
License keys are 25 characters instead of complex files No more license server built into vCenter Only License keys for each edition of vSphere no feature keys License keys has encoded CPU Qty

Upgrading from Virtual Infrastructure Suite / ESX 3.x
VI is no more You want to visit the VMware vSphere Upgrade Center & use Upgrade Advisor

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Upgrading from Virtual Infrastructure Suite / ESX 3.x
Licenses are sold in 1 CPU increments instead of 2 CPU increments

What We Covered
vSphere Overview This just in! vSphere Offers All New Features Learning vEverything vCloud, vCompute,
vNetwork, vStorage, and vMore Packaging, Versions, Components, and more No you cannot buy ESX New Licensing Changes in vSphere Upgrading from VI 3.x

Video 8-1
vSphere Management Options
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In this video
How do I manage this thing? Whats the password, man? Point your web browser to ESX & vCenter Command line junkies COS and SSH Hacking the ESXi Console to gain access I Love the vSphere Client!

How do I manage this thing?
3 Options for an Admin to manage vSphere:

CLI COS and SSH Web Access vCenter or ESX vSphere Client vCenter or ESX
RDP to vCenter Server Mobile options via 3rd party apps

Whats the Password, man?
vCenter domain admin ESXi root & blank ESX root + password configured during install You should configure your own passwords and only login with your user account
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Point your web browser to ESX and vCenter
IE or Firefox pointed to ESX or vCenter ESXi doesnt offer it Dubbed vSphere Web Access Limited functionality Usually used to install vSphere client and little else

Command line Junkies COS and SSH
Only ESX has the Console OS (COS) and supported SSH May be able to enable SSH in ESXi (maybe not) Supported options for ESXi CLI are Remote CLI (RCLI) and VIMA

Hacking the ESXi Console to gain access
Go to the ESXi console and press alt+F1 Type: unsupported (No prompt, typing blindly) Enter the root password
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I Love the vSphere Client!
99% of what we will use Does it all simple to advanced Easy to use Quick and Easy to install Always available for download Plugins extend the power

What We Covered
How do I manage this thing? Whats the password, man? Point your web browser to ESX & vCenter Command line junkies COS and SSH Hacking the ESXi Console to gain access I Love the vSphere Client!

Video 8-2
Installing the VMware vSphere Client
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In this video
Installation Requirements vSphere Client Includes Downloading the vSphere Client Installing the vSphere Client Connecting to ESX and vCenter with the vSphere client

vSphere Client Installation Requirements
CPU 1 CPU Processor 266MHz or faster Intel or AMD processor (500MHz recommended) Memory 200MB RAM Disk Storage 1GB free disk space for a complete installation and 400MB free on the drive that has your %temp% directory. Networking Gig-E Recommended

vSphere Client Includes
Microsoft .NET 2.0 Microsoft .NET 3.0 SP1 Microsoft Visual J# vSphere Client 4.0 vSphere Host Update Utility 4.0
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Downloading the vSphere client
Use your web browser Download from:

an ESX host vCenter Server
Or, off of the vCenter Installation media (ISO)

Installing the vSphere Client and logging in
VMware-viclient.exe Basic steps Language and License agreement Name and Company Choose to install the host update utility, or not Select your path

What We Covered
Installation Requirements vSphere Client Includes Downloading the vSphere Client Installing the vSphere Client
Connecting to ESX and vCenter with the
vSphere client
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Video 8-3
Navigating vSphere using the vSphere Client

In this video
vSphere Terminology (lingo) Using the vSphere Client Navigating the vSphere Client with Hotkeys Searching the Virtual Infrastructure Sorting and Filtering in the vSphere Client Exporting Data & Running Reports Performing VM Guest Remote Control

vSphere Terminology (lingo)
vCenter Server Data Center VM (virtual machines) Host / Guest Folder Datastore Cluster Networks (virtual networks)
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Using the vSphere Client
Only displays what you have licensed Different views when connected to vCenter vs ESX host Remembers last connection view Back functionality, like a web browser


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Navigating the vSphere Client with Hotkeys

Searching the Virtual Infrastructure
Google for your VI From the Home Screen OR any vSphere client window Search for VMs, hosts, datastores, networks, and folders Linked Mode is supported Simple and Advanced Searching

Sorting and Filtering in the vSphere Client
Sort Lists by clicking on column headings Filter a list by keyword You can also export a list in a variety of formats
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Exporting Data
List Export
HTML, HTML with CSS, XLS, CSV, or XML
OVF File, Events, Maps, and System Logs

Running Reports
Host Summary Host Performance

Running Reports
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Running Reports

Performing VM Guest Remote Control
Make sure you install the VMware Tools Console tab OR pop-up window Hot Keys
Ctrl-Alt = release mouse (no VMware Tools) Ctrl-Alt-Ins = Ctrl-Alt-Del Ctrl-Alt-Enter = to switch back and forth to full screen

Performing VM Guest Remote Control
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What We Covered
vSphere Terminology (lingo) Using the vSphere Client Navigating the vSphere Client with Hotkeys Searching the Virtual Infrastructure Sorting and Filtering in the vSphere Client Exporting Data & Running Reports Performing VM Guest Remote Control

Video 9
Running VMware ESX 4 in Workstation

In this video
Why would you want to run ESX in WS? What is required? How do you configure your Workstation VM that will run ESX? Putting it to the test
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Why would you want to do this?
Testing Development Learning Portability

What is required?
Intel VT or AMD-V 64-bit CPU Decent amount of RAM VMware Workstation (eval will do) VMware ESXi Free, ESXi, or full ESX Know-how of steps and custom VMX configuration changes

Do I have the right CPU?
64-bit CPU with Intel VT or AMD-V is required Run CPU-Z from CPUID.com to find out your CPU spec Google your CPU spec to see what it features Dont believe the VMware CPU compatibility tool
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How do you configure your Workstation VM that will run ESX?
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 64-bit 1 virtual CPU, 2GB of RAM, SCSI Disk Use Intel-VT / AMD-V Execution Mode
Disable 3D Graphics Remove unneeded hardware Edit VMX with
monitor_control.restrict_backdoor=true

Putting it to the test
Lets try it out!

Special Thanks and Resources
XtraVirt.com for their VI in a box whitepaper VMware Communities And other resources
(see my reference links)
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What We Covered
Why would you want to run ESX in WS? What is required? How do you configure your
Workstation VM that will run ESX?

Putting it to the test

Video 10-1
Installing VMware ESX 4

In this video
Why is hardware compatibility so important? How to Check Hardware Compatibility Official Hardware Requirements Downloading ESX 4 Installing VMware ESX 4, step by step Installation Tips and Tricks
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Why is Hardware Compatibility so important?
ESX runs directly on your hardware ESX talks directly to your devices like the video card, SATA/SCSI controller, and NIC ESX is your operating system ESX may run poorly or, more often, just wont work New name-brand servers will work Can even run ESX inside Workstation to test

How to Check Hardware Compatibility
#1 place you need to go is: www.vmware.com/go/hcl VMware Search the Compatibility Guide (previously the HCL) Just because it isnt on the list doesnt mean that it wont run Keep VMotion & FT requirements in mind Separate HCLs for SAN, IO, Guest OS, & more

Official Hardware Requirements (from VMware ESX 4 Getting Started Guide)
CPU VMware ESX 4.0 will only install and run on servers with 64-bit x86 CPUs. Known 64-bit processors:
All AMD Opterons support 64 bit. All Intel Xeon 3000/3200, 3100/3300, 5100/5300, 5200/5400, 7100/7300, and 7200/7400 support 64 bit. All Intel Nehalem support 64 bit.
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Official Hardware Requirements
RAM 2GB RAM minimum Network Adapters One or more network adapters. Supported network adapters include:
Broadcom NetXtreme 570x gigabit controllers Intel PRO 1000 adapters

Storage SCSI Adapter Fibre Channel Adapter Internal RAID Controller Hardware iSCSI
Serial attached SCSI (SAS) SATA Check the HCL!

Downloading VMware ESX 4
ESXi is free ESX / vSphere available with 60 day eval

www.vmware.com/tryvmware
Or, with registered license, just download the ISO

www.vmware.com/download
798MB DVD ISO
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Installing VMware ESX 4, step by step
1. Burn ISO to DVD and put in drive 2. Mount ISO using virtual CD with many server management cards 3. Boot DVD 4. Answer installation questions & monitor file copy 5. Verify successful reboot 6. Connect with vSphere client and/or add to vCenter

Installation Tips and Tricks
Burn it to a DVD, not CD & need DVD reader Make sure VT is enabled in server BIOS Can install custom drivers, if needed Can enter a host-based license with ESX 4 Make sure you test your network settings If using SAN, carefully select the LUN to prevent data loss Have NTP server info ready- pool.ntp.org

View VMware ESX 4.0 Installation Best Practices which recommends:

Root, swap, and optional partitions are stored in esxconsole-<UUID>.vmdk set a minimum size of 8GB for this virtual disk Create a separate partition for /var/log to prevent logs from filling up root partition
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What We Covered
Why is hardware compatibility so
important?
How to Check Hardware Compatibility Official Hardware Requirements Downloading ESX 4 Installing VMware ESX 4, step by step Installation Tips and Tricks

Video 10-2
Installing VMware ESXi version 4

In this video
Why is hardware compatibility important? How to Check Hardware Compatibility Official Hardware Requirements ESXi is the real deal Comparing the three types of ESXi Downloading and Installing ESXi 4 5 Steps to configuring your new ESXi Server
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Why is Hardware Compatibility so important?
ESXi runs directly on your hardware ESXi talks directly to your devices like the video card, SATA/SCSI controller, and NIC ESXi is your operating system New name-brand servers will work Can even run ESXi inside Workstation to test

How to Check Hardware Compatibility
#1 place you need to go is: www.vmware.com/go/hcl VMware Search the Compatibility Guide (previously the HCL) Just because it isnt on the list doesnt mean that it wont run Keep VMotion & FT requirements in mind Separate HCLs for SAN, IO, Guest OS, & more

Official Hardware Requirements (from VMware ESXi 4 Installable Setup Guide)
CPU VMware ESX 4.0 will only install and run on servers with 64-bit x86 CPUs. Known 64-bit processors:
All AMD Opterons support 64 bit. All Intel Xeon 3000/3200, 3100/3300, 5100/5300, 5200/5400, 7100/7300, and 7200/7400 support 64 bit. All Intel Nehalem support 64 bit.
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RAM 2GB RAM minimum Network Adapters One or more 1Gb+ Ethernet controllers (see the HCL) Recommend a dedicated NIC for virtual machines

Storage SCSI Adapter, Fibre Channel Adapter, Internal RAID Controller, Serial attached SCSI (SAS), or
SATA Installing ESXi on a FC SAN is experimental Installing on SAN such as NAS or iSCSI is not supported
Check the HCL!
Cannot use SATA CDROM without IDE emulation

ESXi Installation Notes
Dont forget that ESXi has no service console, only the direct console However, you can access the unsupported service console Make sure that 3rd party apps support ESXi
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ESXi is the real deal
The commercial versions of ESXi are:

Has a direct console instead of a full console (when compared to ESX) Potentially better than using ESX Take up fewer resources on the host Require less patching than ESX Potentially, more secure Allow for all the advanced vSphere features Install and Boot faster Highly recommended!

The Difference between ESXi free, ESXi Installable, and ESXi Embedded
ESXi is available in 3 versions

Free unlimited use but has limitations Installable commercial version of ESXi that you download and install on your own server fully supports all advanced vSphere features that you have licensed
Embedded - ESX image preinstalled as firmware in the factory or burned onto an external USB key

Downloading VMware ESXi version 4
(not covering ESXi free in this video) ESXi Installable / vSphere available with 60 day eval at www.vmware.com/tryvmware Or, with registered license, just download the ISO from www.vmware.com/download 348MB CD ISO (compared to 798MB DVD for ESX)
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Installing VMware ESXi version 4, step by step
1. Burn ISO to CD and put in drive 2. Optional: mount ISO using virtual CD with many server management cards 3. Boot CD 4. Answer installation questions with Enter, F11, Enter, F11, reboot, and you are ready to use ESXi 4 5. Server will reboot after file copy 6. Connect with vSphere client !

ESXi image and installer is called the VMvisor Make sure VT is enabled in server BIOS May need to press ESC or change boot order to boot installation CD Even on a slow computer, installs and is ready to use in 5-10 min. Always installs in 60 day eval mode

5 steps to configuring your new ESXi Server
1. Set root password 2. Configure IP address, SM, DG, DNS servers, hostname, and domain 3. Add to your DNS server 4. Add to vCenter by DNS name 5. Optionally- configure lockdown mode and connect to SAN
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What We Covered
Why is hardware compatibility important? How to Check Hardware Compatibility Official Hardware Requirements ESXi is the real deal Comparing the three types of ESXi Downloading and Installing ESXi 4 5 Steps to configuring your new ESXi
Server

Video 11-1
Installing VMware vCenter 4

In this video
vCenter 101 what you need to know Whats new in vCenter 4 ? Installation Requirements & Prerequisites vCenter Server Components & Add-ons Required Ports for vCenter How to download vCenter 4 Advantages to installing vCenter in a VM Installing vCenter 4, step by step
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vCenter 101 what you need to know
Centralized control and visibility for multiple ESX/ESXi hosts Contains centralized licenses Necessary for most advanced features of vSphere


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Whats New in vCenter 4?
New UI Searching New hardware monitoring New storage maps and reports Improved alerts and notifications Improved performance graphs Host profiles Improved energy efficiency

vCenter Orchestrator Improved patch management vCenter server heartbeat option Integrated P2V converter Improved guided consolidation Now manages up to 300 hosts and 3,000 VMs (and 1000 hosts and 10,000 VMs with linked mode)

New APIs to integrate with products like systems management tools Improved distributed resource scheduler Automatic restart of failed VMs with VMHA Improved permissions and access control Integration with Windows AD Custom roles and permissions Session management
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Installation Requirements and Prerequisites
2 CPU 2Ghz Intel or AMD x86 3GB RAM 2GB free on disk SQL or Oracle DB OR- you can install SQL Express during the install (may require more resources) 1Gb NIC

Windows XP Pro SP2 (SP2 required) Windows Server 2003, SP1 and SP2 32bit and 64bit all editions Windows Server 2003, R2 and SP2 32bit and 64bit all editions Windows Server 2008 32bit all editions Windows Server 2008 64bit Standard and Enterprise editions

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You can install vCenter in an ESX VM For physical server install, you must have a physical DVD of vCenter Do not reinstall vCenter if you really want to do an upgrade Ensure that your vCenter server is a member of the domain and you are logged in as administrator Correct time and date (recommend NTP)

Computer name cannot be more than 15 characters vCenter server should not be AD DC Account you are installing under should have Member of administrator group Act as part of Operating System Log on as a service

Must have a static IP address Server must be in DNS with matching name and you must be able to resolve it from all ESX hosts NTFS formatted disk Know if you will use standalone or linked mode You can run the installers from a network drive but not install it on a network drive
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Database is required for vCenter and Update Manager

Database Options
Install on an existing SQL Server or Oracle DB Install SQL Express on the local vCenter server
For larger deployments, a separate DB is recommended for vCenter and Update Manager Each vCenter server must have its own DB

Database continued
For an existing DB, check to ensure that your version is supported and that it has the necessary patches installed For existing DB, you will need to create a 32-bit DSN prior to vCenter server installation If you use SQL Express local option, standard DB maintenance must be performed

vCenter Server Components & Add-ons
Required
vCenter Server .NET 3.0 SP1 Framework vCenter Orchestrator
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Optional and on vCenter DVD

SQL Server Express 2005 vSphere Client vCenter Converter Enterprise vCenter Guided Consolidation vCenter Update Manager

Sold Separately
VMotion, SVMotion, DRS, DPM, VMHA, and FT Site Recovery Manager (SRM) Chargeback Lab Manager vCenter Server Heartbeat AppSpeed Data Recovery Capacity IQ (late 2009) Config Control (late 2009)

Required Ports for vCenter
HTTPS Web = 443 HTTP Web = 80 Heartbeat for ESX hosts = 902 UDP vSpere Client VM console = 902/903 LDAP for directory services = 389 SSL for directory services = 636 VMware vCenter Web = 8080 VMware vCenter Mgmt Web = 8443
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How and where to download vCenter 4
60 day evaluation at
www.vmware.com/tryvmware
Or, with registered license, just download the ISO from www.vmware.com/download Available as an ISO or ZIP file 1.7GB ISO should be named VMware-VIMSetup-en-4.0.0-140822.ISO

Advantages to installing vCenter in a VM
No physical machine required Can use VMotion to move it from one ESX host to another for maintenance High Availability is provided if you put it in a VMHA cluster Can use snapshots before upgrades, etc. Can back it up with same method as other VMs ESX hosts are not 100% dependant on vCenter

Installing vCenter 4, step by step
1. 2. 3. 4.
Burn ISO to DVD or mount image Choose to install vCenter Agree to license Enter user info and optionally enter license 5. Choose your database type 6. Choose DB account
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Installing vCenter 4, step by step
7. Choose installation folder 8. Choose if vCenter will be in linked mode 9. Accept port numbers 10.Install vCenter 11. Click Finish and you are done! 12.Go back and install any optional components

What We Covered
vCenter 101 what you need to know Whats new in vCenter 4 ? Installation Requirements & Prerequisites vCenter Server Components & Add-ons Required Ports for vCenter How to download vCenter 4 Advantages to installing vCenter in a VM Installing vCenter 4, step by step

Video 11-2
vCenter 4 - Configuring your new Virtual Infrastructure
61

In this video
Planning the virtual infrastructure Adding datacenters, folders, and hosts Configuring vSphere licensing Removing Getting Started tabs Configuring the ESX server clock and NTP vCenter Server Settings & Plugins Reviewing system logs, vCenter sessions, & service status Monitoring ESX host health hardware status

Planning the Virtual Infrastructure
Proper naming and organization of the virtual infrastructure is critical This structure will be used to delegate permissions to users and groups Develop a standard naming convention for ESX hosts and guest VMs Organize by physical site, company division, purpose of infrastructure, or other system that makes sense in your organization

Planning the Virtual Infrastructure
vCenter inventory can contain Folder or datacenter
Folder can contain Folder or datacenter
Datacenter can contain Folder Cluster Host Virtual Machine
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What We Covered
Planning the virtual infrastructure Adding datacenters, folders, and hosts Configuring vSphere licensing Removing Getting Started tabs Configuring the ESX server clock and NTP vCenter Server Settings & Plugins Reviewing system logs, vCenter sessions, &
service status Monitoring ESX host health hardware status

Video 11-3
Creating and Modifying Virtual Guest Machines
63

In this video
Changing BIOS settings Creating ISO Images of CD/DVD Install media Transferring ISO files to your ESX server Create a new virtual machine Install a guest OS in the Virtual Machine Downloading VMs from Virtual Appliance Marketplace

Changing BIOS settings in a Guest VM
Telling the BIOS to boot a guest OS Install CD/DVD can be tricky To enter the Phoenix BIOS press F2 before the guest OS begins booting To boot an a CD/DVD, press ESC for the boot menu In the BIOS you can set the boot order (CD then HD)

Creating ISO Images of CD/DVD Install media
Important to have an ISO library of commonly used OS and App CD/DVD media Benefits:
No media to worry about No physical access to servers No slow network transfers or mounts
Store this on your SAN so that all ESX hosts can access it
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Creating ISO Images of CD/DVD Install media
You can create an ISO with most CD/DVD authoring applications. For a quick and easy ISO authoring app, I recommend:
LC ISO Creator http://www.lucersoft.com/freeware.php FREE ISO Recorder (XP and Vista/7 versions) http://isorecorder.alexfeinman.com/W7.htm

Transferring ISO files to your ESX Server
Options to mount ISOs Move to server vSphere Client Mount
Recommend to store ISOs on SAN in shared storage so you have single instance Options to transfer ISO files to ESX Server Datastore Browser Upload Secure Copy Protocol (SCP) Samba Client Share

Transferring ISO files to your ESX Server
In ESX 3.x the SMB client was loaded automatically In vSphere, if you want to connect an ESX host to a SMB share, you must load the samba-client manually from the RPMs on the ESX install CD Once loaded, you can connect to an SMB share withmount -t smbfs -o username=<username>/<domain>,password=<password> //<server name or IP>/<share name> /mnt/<mountpoint>
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Creating a new Virtual Machine and install the OS
To create a new VM, you will need:

Name of VM OS of VM (typical or custom) Hardware Specs of VM Path to Guest OS Installation CD/DVD What datastore you want to store it in and how large of a VMDK you want to create What datacenter/folder/cluster/host you want the VM located in

Creating a new VM is easy but keep in mind the consequences of doing so:
Cost of software license Management overhead Documentation Training of junior administrators and support staff Backups must be performed 3rd party software licenses based on # of servers

vSphere 4 Supports 100+ Guest OSs vSphere Supports more Guest OSs than any other product See VMwares Guest OS Install Guide Search Guest Compatibility Guide
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Steps to installing your new Guest VM

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Create New Virtual Machine (Ctrl-N) Answer questions for the wizard Point to ISO file Power on new VM and boot Guest OS Go through normal guest OS installation process

What We Covered
Changing BIOS settings Creating ISO Images of CD/DVD Install
media
Transferring ISO files to your ESX server Create a new virtual machine Install a guest OS in the Virtual Machine Downloading VMs from Virtual Appliance
Marketplace

Video 11-4
Installing and Configuring VMware Tools
67

In this video
Why you should use the VMware Tools Installing VMware Tools in Linux Installing VMware Tools in Windows Configuring the VMware Tools How to determine if the VMware Tools are out of date How to update the VMware Tools automatically on VM boot

Why you should use the VMware Tools
VMware Tools are a set of drivers installed in each VM Guest OS VMwares documentation says Installing
VMware Tools in the guest operating system is vital. Although the guest operating system can run without VMware Tools, you lose important functionality and convenience.

To the novice, the VMware Tools just appear as a simple application The VMware Tools service / daemon is Windows = VMwareService.exe Linux & Solaris = vmware-guestd
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VMware Tools:
Provides time sync between host and guest Windows controls grabbing/releasing mouse Contains the following drivers: SVGA vmxnet network driver for some guest OSs BusLogic SCSI for some guests memory control driver for efficient memory allocation between VMs Sync driver to quiesce IO for backup VMware Mouse Driver

VMware Tools:
VMware Tools Control panel to modify settings, shrink virtual disks, and connect/disconnect virtual devices Scripts that can run when the power state of the VM changes if you configure them VMware User Process (Windows = VMwareUser.exe Linux / Solaris = vmware-user) enables copy & paste of text between guest and host VMware Tools installers are ISO images, installed when ESX or ESXi are installed Without VMware Tools the Guest shutdown and restart options in the vSphere client do not work

Installing the VMware Tools in Linux
USE A SUPPORTED LINUX GUEST OS You can use the RPM or TAR installer. RPM is preferred. If you use the TAR file, you will run vmware-install.pl Either way, when you are done, you need to run vmware-config-tools.pl located in /usr/bin. Tools are installed in /usr/lib/vmware-tools, configuration files are in /etc/vmware-tools, and executables are in /usr/bin Then to start the VMware Tools Toolbox, run vmware-toolbox &
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Installing the VMware Tools in Windows
Simple and easy Make sure you read the VMware Guest Install Guide for info on your specific Windows OS

What We Covered
Why you should use the VMware Tools Installing VMware Tools in Linux Installing VMware Tools in Windows Configuring the VMware Tools How to determine if the VMware Tools are
out of date
How to update the VMware Tools
automatically on VM boot

Video 11-5
Adding Virtual Machine Hardware with vSphere Hot Plug
70

In this video
Adding, modifying, and removing virtual hardware What are the requirements to use vSphere Hot Add / Hot Plug? Using Hot Add to add RAM to a VM Using Hot Plug to add CPU to a VM Adding a 2nd virtual disk to a running VM Expanding a virtual disk on a running VM

Adding, Modifying, and Removing Virtual Hardware
Typically, USB, Ethernet, and Hard drives are the only HW that can be added hot You cannot remove any hardware hot There are many virtual machine options that you should explore When a VM is powered off, you can add or remove virtual hardware. Keep in mind that your OS and apps also need to recognize it.

What are the requirements to use vSphere Hot Add / Hot Plug?
Hot Add is for RAM Hot Plug is for CPU Hot remove of RAM is not supported by vSphere Support for these hot features are highly dependant on your Guest OS not on vSphere
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Thanks to Jason Boche & blog.boche.net!

Which Guest OS supports HOT CPU PLUG without a reboot?

Windows 7 ENT & ULT 64-bit Win 2008 64 bit DATACENTER
Stay tuned for more guests (Windows and Linux) to support hot plug without reboot!

Note that Hot Add & Hot Plug are NOT turned on by default (must power off to enable) Note that Hot Add / Hot Plug are NOT compatible with VMware Fault Tolerance (FT)
72

What We Covered
Adding, modifying, and removing virtual
hardware
What are the requirements to use vSphere
Hot Add / Hot Plug? Using Hot Add to add RAM to a VM Using Hot Plug to add CPU to a VM Adding a 2nd virtual disk to a running VM Expanding a virtual disk on a running VM

Video 11-6
Using vSphere Host Profiles

In this video
Standardizing ESX Server configuration with vSphere Host Profiles 5 Steps to Using Host Profiles Creating & Editing Host Profiles Checking Compliance Applying Host Profiles to Servers and Clusters
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Standardizing ESX Server configuration with vSphere Host Profiles
The problems
Too many ESX servers with various configurations How do you change configurations on many ESX hosts at one time (mass changes)? How do you know if all your ESX servers are secure?

5 Steps to using Host Profiles
Lets Configure Host Profiles!
1. 2. 3. 4.
Configure a golden server Create a Host Profile based on that server Attach the profile to a host or cluster Check the host or clusters compliance to that profile 5. Apply the profile to the host or cluster (remediate)

What We Covered
Standardizing ESX Server configuration
with vSphere Host Profiles 5 Steps to Using Host Profiles Creating & Editing Host Profiles Checking Compliance Applying Host Profiles to Servers and Clusters
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Video 12
Administering VMware ESX Server Security

In this video
Basics of vSphere Security VMSafe & vShield Overview Default vSphere Security Roles Adding, Modifying, and removing ESX users and groups Using Windows AD Users and Groups to Secure vSphere Defining and applying roles & permissions Allowing root login via SSH Securing Guest Virtual machines

Basics of vSphere Security
ESX server has local Linux / SC accounts vCenter uses Windows Active Directory (AD) account Recommend using Windows AD users and groups to define permissions to VC objects All VI Client communications are encrypted VLANs can be used to segment service console traffic
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Users and Groups are assigned Roles Roles are assigned to objects in the VI Combining user/group with a role is what created a permission
By default only root (or equiv) can login to ESX and Win AD Admins (or equiv) on vCenter server can login to VI Client Not recommended to run vCenter on a DC

Permissions take effect immediately, no need to log out and back in Permissions are inherited in a hierarchical manor, just like alarms Remember the PoLP!

Architect your design properly from day 1 Design ideas for a for worldwide company:
Folders for Continents Datacenters for each city and ESX servers inside Could group servers by who will admin them (ie: helpdesk, developers, etc) Dont forget about clusters & naming convention
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VMsafe and vShield Overview
VMsafe is a set of APIs that 3rd party software vendors will use to integrate their security products with vSphere
Tons of partners already building security applications using VMsafe Use cases:
vSphere anti-virus software Control, monitor, and filter VI traffic with 3rd party security apps running as appliances

VMsafe API
Graphic thanks to VMware.com

VMsafe and vShield Overview
vShield is based on technology acquired from BlueLane vShield allows you to monitor and enforce (virtual firewall) traffic in the virtual infrastructure using stateful packet inspection (SPI) vShield Zones is included in vSphere versions- Advanced, Enterprise, and Enterprise Plus
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vShield Zones
Graphic thanks to VMware.com

Default vSphere Security Roles
No Access Read-Only Administrator VM Power User (sample) VM User (sample) Resource Pool Admin (sample) VCB User (sample) Datastore Consumer (sample) Network Consumer (sample)

Tasks to Perform.
Adding, Modifying, and removing ESX users and groups Using Windows AD Users and Groups to Secure vSphere Defining and applying roles & permissions, on different levels of the virtual infrastructure
78

Allowing root login via SSH
By default, the root user is not allowed to login to ESX using SSH or via SCP To bypass this, go to /etc/ssh and change the following entry in the sshd_config file from no to yes: PermitRootLogon = yes Once you are done modifying the file, run service sshd restart BUT - you really want to login as yourself, not root
Its not recommended to login as root!

Securing Guest Virtual Machines
Install AV Keep patches up to date (use Update Manager) Treat security of guest VM as you would any other mission critical server Limit login, especially administrator/root Limit software install Properly secure VI Client, Web, and SSH access Keep vSphere / ESX Service Console patches (again, Update Manager)

What We Covered
Basics of vSphere Security VMSafe & vShield Overview Default vSphere Security Roles Adding, Modifying, and removing ESX users and
groups
Using Windows AD Users and Groups to Secure
vSphere
Defining and applying roles & permissions Allowing root login via SSH Securing Guest Virtual machines
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Video 13-1
Introduction to and Installing VMware Data Recovery (VDR)

In this video
What is VMware Data Recovery (VDR)? Why do I need VDR? How do I get Data Recovery? What are the benefits & limitations of using VDR? How does VDR work? Installation of VMware Data Recovery

What is VMware Data Recovery (VDR)?
A new VMware virtualizationspecific backup & recovery application for ESX 4 / vSphere Backup and Restore ESX guest Virtual Machines
(lets take a look)
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Why do I need VDR?
It isnt efficient to backup VMs with traditional backup apps Functions needed:
Recognition of VI / vCenter Understand Adv. Virt. Features De-Duplication, Block-level Insight into VMDKs for file restore

How do I get Data Recovery?
Need ESX 4 / vSphere Included in vSphere Enterprise Plus, Advanced, and Essentials Plus Suites A la carte with vSphere Standard Edition

What are the Benefits of using VDR?
Appliance and Plugin (no phy) Works with ESX and ESXi Fully integrated with vCenter Works if VMs are on or off Uses Snapshots for anytime BU Supports VSS for Windows BU
81

What are the Benefits of using VDR?
Can backup entire VI with 1 click in inventory No agents and works on any OS Can exclude VMs and VMDKs Deduplication and Compression are automatic

What are the Limitations of VDR?
Backup Datastore limited to 500GB (of deduped data) 8 concurrent VMDK backups Recommended for 100 VMs or less File level restore is experimental

How does VDR work?
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How does VDR work?

Installing VMware Data Recovery?
Unzip the Appliance & the plugin Import the Appliance Install the Plugin & restart vSphere client Configure the VDR appliance to recognize your vCenter & VI
Lets install !

What We Covered
What is VMware Data Recovery (VDR)? Why do I need VDR? How do I get Data Recovery? What are the benefits & limitations of
using VDR?
How does VDR work? Installation of VMware Data Recovery
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Video 13-2
Backup and Restore with VMware Data Recovery (VDR)

In this video
Creating a Backup Destination Local and Network Creating a VDR Backup job, step by step Gotchas of VMware Data Recovery Checking Backup Job Status Recovering / Restoring an ESX Guest VM

Creating a Backup Destination Local and Network
Local Backup is best performance but data will be in VMDK Network Share is best option to get data out of VMFS
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Creating a VDR Backup Job step by step
Virtual Machines Destination Backup Window Retention Policy

The Gotchas of VMware Data Recovery
Ideal for SMB (< 100 VM) Have a few jobs as possible Run backups during the day, if possible All VMs should have VMware Tools Installed

Limited to 100 VM guests Limited to 2 backup destinations simultaneously Limited to 500GB of de-dup data in backup destination Limited to 8 VMDKs at once
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ESX host CPU must be < 80% Must have 5GB free space on datastore per VM All VMs should be HW version 7 to use block tracking Like VMs should go to same datastore

Checking Backup Job Status
The Reports tab is where its at Checkout:

Events Running Virtual Machines Warnings and Errors VDR Log File under Config Tab

Recovering / Restoring an ESX Guest VM
You can restore an individual VMDK You can restore a VM to a different name (no overwrite) You can restore with no network or power
86

What We Covered
Creating a Backup Destination Local
and Network
Creating a VDR Backup job, step by step The Gotchas of VMware Data Recovery Checking Backup Job Status Recovering / Restoring an ESX Guest VM

Video 14-1
Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology

In this video
Storage 101 virtual disks & VMFS Storage Area Networks (SAN) 101 Understanding FC & iSCSI Storage Why you need a SAN Storage Terms you must know What is in a Datastore? ESX Server Storage Options VMFS Specs and Maxs
87

Storage 101
vSphere provides host-level storage virtualization, which logically abstracts the physical storage layer from virtual machines. VMware FC Documentation VMs not aware VM use virtual disks VDs can be managed easier VMs use virtual SCSI controllers to see VD

Storage 101
Each VM, through the SCSI controller, can access VMFS datastore, NFS datastore, or raw disk (RDM). VMFS is the VMware File System, a specialized virtualization clustered FS providing distributed locking VMs VDs are stored in VMFS Datastores VMFS could be local, iSCSI, or FC

88

Storage 101
Centralized Storage is required for advanced features of vSphere like VMotion, VMHA, FT, and DRS Most of the time, that centralized storage is a SAN

Storage Area Networks 101
SAN could be iSCSI or Fibre Channel (FC) A FC SAN packages SCSI commands into FC frames Servers connect to the SAN using HBA HBA connect to FC switch FC switch connects to storage processor (SP)

Storage Area Networks 101
Zones configured in the FC switch define what HBA can connect to what SP and what LUN ESX/ESXi fully support SAN multipathing
89


Understanding iSCSI Storage
iSCSI (Internet SCSI) is sending SCSI disk commands and data over a TCP/IP network Why use it?
Low cost Use existing hardware - Ethernet NIC, switch, and OS features Supports almost all vSphere features

Downside performance? reliability? iSCSI Terms:

iSCSI hardware initiator - a special iSCSI NIC card iSCSI software initiator - use your own NIC card and OS iSCSI software iSCSI Target - the server running iSCSI
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iSCSI uses IQN (iSCSI qualified name) to identify iSCSI Targets & Initiators It is laid out in this format:
date in year-month format reversed domain a unique org assigned name (ie: hostname) For example: 2007-01.com.wiredbraincoffee:iscsi1


Why you need a Storage Area Network (SAN)
Justification for a SAN with vSphere:

Maintenance with zero downtime Load balancing with VMotion & SVMotion Storage consolidation and central management Disaster Recovery Simple Array migrations and storage upgrades Use of advanced features like HA, FT, DRS, and DPM
91

Storage Terms you must know
Datastore = a VMware file system / logical volume - can be NFS or VMFS and can be located on any supported storage - where your VMs are stored Disk partition = an area on a disk set aside for a datastore Extent = a disk area that can be added to a datastore

Fibre Channel (FC) = high speed storage technology with FC HBA, FC switch, FC SP, and disk Internet SCSI (iSCSI) = SCSI over TCPIP, server is initiator and storage is the target LUN (logical unit number) = an address used to identify a SCSI disk

Multipathing / Failover = allows you to use more than 1 path, offers failover & redundancy NAS (network attached storage) = networked disk storage, ESX uses NFS on NAS NFS (network file system) = a file sharing protocol used with ESX server (and Unix/Linux)
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Raw device mapping (RDM) = a special type of storage disk where ESX controls disk access Spanned Volume = a dynamic volume spread across number of extents Volume = a disk volume - a logical storage unit

What is in a Datastore?
Virtual disk Virtual memory VM configuration file ESX Server service console VMDK Log files Core Dumps Anything you add, like an ISO file

ESX Server Storage Options
Local Disk with VMFS Datastore SAN

iSCSI Software iSCSI Hardware Fibre Channel (FC) NFS
NAS Checkout the vSphere SAN & I/O HCL!
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VMFS Specs and Maxs
Optimized for storing VMs & high perf Cluster file system - multiple ESX Servers Not a lot of features when compared to NTFS or other VMFS version 3 is the latest VMFS You should have only one VMFS volume per LUN Max disk size for a VM is 2TB 512MB That is also the max size of a VMFS volume if you use an 8MB block Best practice is to format LUNs with 8MB Block size

What We Covered
Storage 101 virtual disks & VMFS Storage Area Networks (SAN) 101 Understanding FC & iSCSI Storage Why you need a SAN Storage Terms you must know What is in a Datastore? ESX Server Storage Options VMFS Specs and Maxs

Video 14-2
Configuring vSphere Storage
94

In this video
New! vSphere Datastore Inventory Datastore Tasks, Events, Alarms, Permissions, Maps, and Performance Viewing Datastore Extents, blocksize, and paths Thin Provisioning for fun and profit Configure an alarm to prevent overprovision Digging into Datastores Taking and Using vSphere Snapshots

Thin Provisioning for Fun and Profit
What is Thin Provisioning? Disk space is not allocated until used by the Guest OS Storage allocated in 1MB chunks Not entirely new but a GUI for it and full support for all storage is

Why use Thin Provisioning? Save you tons of $ on storage Save space on VMDK moves and, potentially, backups Not use space until you need it VMware claims 50% storage savings in their lab
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1. Fault Tolerance is NOT compatible with thin disks 2. Configure an alarm so you dont become over-subscribed 3. You can deflate a thick disk to a thin disk during a SVMotion 4. You can inflate a thin disk to a thick disk during SVMotion
Thin Provisioning Gotchas!

5. If you get over-subscribed you may have to increase your VMFS or migrate disks using SVMotion (or convert thick to thin disks)
Thin Provisioning Gotchas!
6. Yes, you can dynamically expand your VMFS ! 7. Disks do not automatically shrink

Taking and Using vSphere Snapshots
Frozen state in time of a VM You can Go To a snapshot back in the past or forward in the future Beware of the space used by snapshots
96

What We Covered
New! vSphere Datastore Inventory Datastore Tasks, Events, Alarms, Permissions,
Maps, and Performance

Viewing Datastore Extents, blocksize, and
paths
Thin Provisioning for fun and profit Configure an alarm to prevent overprovision Digging into Datastores Taking and Using vSphere Snapshots

Video 14-3
Creating a Free iSCSI SAN with OpenFiler

In this video
OpenFiler can open your eyes to a SAN Free SAN for all downloading OpenFiler Installing OpenFiler & configuring iSCSI Configuring iSCSI in vSphere 4 Connecting ESX to an iSCSI SAN
97

OpenFiler can open your eyes to a SAN
You need a SAN to perform advanced vSphere functions like VMotion, SVMotion, VMHA, FT, DRS, and DPM A SAN is the best way to manage storage Recommend a dedicated server Recommend OF for testing and devl

Free SAN for All Downloading OpenFiler
Available in 32 & 64 bit ISO installer or VMware Appliance Download it from www.openfiler.com

Installing OpenFiler
Configure a static IP address and DNS entry to it Connect to it at:

https://<hostname>:446
Default username & password are:

openfiler password
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Steps to Configure OpenFiler as an iSCSI SAN
If using in a VM, create a second VMDK before boot Configure NTP Create partition & volume Verify the IQN Create filesystem & select iSCSI Allow local network Enable iSCSI

Configuring iSCSI in vSphere 4
Add vMKernel network port Configure a static IP on the port Enable iSCSI on the port

Configuring iSCSI in vSphere 4
Configure the new storage adaptor for iSCSI

Enable it Use dynamic discovery and enter the IP of the openfiler server
If its the first connection to the iSCSI SAN, use Add Storage to configure a VMFS datastore on it
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What We Covered
OpenFiler can open your eyes to a
SAN Free SAN for all downloading OpenFiler Installing OpenFiler & configuring iSCSI Configuring iSCSI in vSphere 4 Connecting ESX to an iSCSI SAN

Video 15-1
vSphere Virtual Networking

In this video
vNetwork Overview New vNetwork Features in vSphere vNetwork Terms - vmnic, vswitch, vswif, & port group vNetwork Configuration Scenarios Private/Host-only, Single NIC, Multi-NIC Redundant & Load Balanced Using VLANs with vSphere
100

In this video
Viewing Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) stats Configuring vNetworks and vSwitches Adapter teaming, fault tolerance, and load balancing CLI Network Troubleshooting Commands Best Practices for vSphere Networking

vNetwork Overview
The past: physical network infrastructure

Physical ethernet card Physical switch Physical network cables
Moving to: Virtual Networks (vNetwork)

Virtual NICs, switches, and connectivity Think about itso much flexibility & power aka: Network Virtualization

New vNetwork Features in vSphere
New in vSphere:
NEW! Networking Inventory vSwitches can have 8-4088 ports Max of 512 port groups on a host Up to 10 virtual NICs per VM VMXNET3 third generation para-virt NIC IPv6 support for VMKernel and SC Ports NIC teaming, L2 Security, VLAN tagging, CDP, & outbound network traffic shaper
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New vNetwork Features in vSphere
New in vSphere:
vNetwork Distributed Virtual Switch (dvswitch or vDS)
Only in Enterprise Plus Private VLANs Network VMotion Allows you to use Cisco Nexus 1000-V Bi-Directional Traffic Shaping

vNetwork Terms - vmnic, vswitch, vswif, & port group
VMware NIC (vmnic) - physical NIC in the server not a virtual NIC Virtual Switch (vSwitch) Service Console virtual interface (vswif0) Port group names (VM Network, Service Console, and VMKernel) but you can create your own port group name is called a "Network Label vmnic in each ESX Server maps to a port group & each port group is inside a vSwitch

vNetwork Configuration Scenarios
Single NIC
Most common Default configuration
Private / Host Only

vSwitch not connected to a NIC Great for testing & development VM must be all on the same server (no dvswitch)
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vNetwork Configuration Scenarios
Multiple NICs
Load Balancing Spread Load of VMs across multiple NICs to increase performance Redundancy
Other security-related scenarios, such as through vShield Zones to create multiple virtual DMZs Distributed Virtual Switch (dvSwitch)
Watch the video

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Using VLANs with vSphere
VLANs create logical groupings of ports / devices rather than being forced into physical groupings VM Network, VMKernel, and Service Console ports all can have VLAN IDs configured To use VLANs
Enter a VLAN ID between 1-4094 Enter VLAN ID 4095 the port group can see VLAN traffic on any VLAN while leaving the VLAN tags intact
dvPorts offer many more VLAN options

Viewing Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) stats
Connect ESX server NICs to Cisco switches with CDP enabled and you will be able to view CDP stats in the vSphere Client Examples of what you can see are:
Cisco switch model Software version Timeouts
To have ESX make CDP info available to Cisco switch, just do (both = advertise & listen):
esxcfg-vswitch -B both <vSwitch>

Configuring vNetworks and vSwitches
Wired Brain Coffee needs the following:

Create new VM Network for Linux servers on ESX1, connected to a different physical NIC Move Linux servers to new VM Network ESX3 needs Network redundancy and load balancing Checkout network traffic shaping and security options
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CLI Network Troubleshooting Commands
esxcfg-vswif -l Provides a list of the service consoles current network interfaces. Check that vswif0 is present and that the current IP address and netmask are correct. esxcfg-vswitch -l Provides a list of the current virtual switch configurations. Check that the uplink adapter configured for the service console is connected to the appropriate physical network. exscfg-nics -l Provides a list of the current network adapters. Check that the uplink adapter configured for the service console is up and that the speed and duplex are both correct.

Service Console Command line Networking Tools
esxcfg-nics -s <speed> <nic> Changes the speed of a network adapter. esxcfg-nics -d <duplex> <nic> Changes the duplex of a network adapter. esxcfg-vswif -I <new ip address> vswifX Changes the service consoles IP address. esxcfg-vswif -n <new netmask> vswifX Changes the service consoles netmask. esxcfg-vswitch -U <old vmnic> <service console vswitch> Removes the uplink for the service console. esxcfg-vswitch -L <new vmnic> <service console vswitch> Changes the uplink for the service console.

Best Practices for vSphere Networking
Separate network types on to their own physical NIC for greater security and performance Example: keep the service console and VMKernel VMotion connection on their own physical NIC
This could be accomplished using VLANs if there are not enough physical NICs
Note that adding & removing NICs doesnt affect VMs connected to a vSwitch (unless there are zero) Implement vShield Zones for greatest security
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What We Covered
vNetwork Overview New vNetwork Features in vSphere vNetwork Terms - vmnic, vswitch, vswif, &
port group
vNetwork Configuration Scenarios -
Private/Host-only, Single NIC, Multi-NIC Redundant & Load Balanced Using VLANs with vSphere

What We Covered
Viewing Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) stats Configuring vNetworks and vSwitches Adapter teaming, fault tolerance, and load
balancing CLI Network Troubleshooting Commands Best Practices for vSphere Networking

Video 15-2
vNetwork Distributed Switch (vDS)
106

In this video
Introduction to the Distributed Switch (vDS) Comparing the vSphere standard switch to the distributed virtual switch Benefits of the distributed virtual switch Configuring vNetwork Distributed Switching
Adding a new dvSwitch Migrate VM guests and adaptors to vDS Review maps, advanced config, and alarms

Introduction to the vNetwork Distributed Switch (vDS)
New in vSphere Requires vSphere License of Enterprise Plus Provides a single virtual switch across all VMware ESX Servers And that provides consistent networking across all hosts that a VM might migrate to

vNetwork Distributed Switch (vDS) or dvSwitch is the virtual switch that VM guests connect to Like a standard switch, the vDS connects the VM guest and, if a physical adaptor (vmnic / uplink adaptor) is connected to the vDS, then the VMs can communicate to the outside network LAN or the Internet
107

The vDS also gives you the option to use third-party switches like the Cisco Nexus 1000-V (or Cisco N1KV) Each vDS can have one or more dvPort groups assigned to it dvPort groups group ports with the same configuration, have a unique label for their datacenter, and VMs connect to that label

Courtesy of VMware.com

108

(see comparison between all virtual switch offerings)

Benefits of the Distributed Virtual Switch
All VMs connected to same switch Create a switch once and apply it to all ESX servers in a cluster Consistent network configuration & stats as VMs are migrated using VMotion Increased capabilities security, traffic control, VLAN, & more Ability to add 3rd party switch Nexus 1000V

vDS Configuration Tasks.
Create a new dvSwitch Add Hosts and vmnics to dvSwitch Create a dvport group Migrate Legacy vSwitches and VM Networks to dvSwitch Migrate Virtual Adaptors (SC & VMKernel) to dvSwitch View dvSwitch mapping, adv conf, & alarms
109

What We Covered
Introduction to the Distributed Switch (vDS) Comparing the vSphere standard switch to
the distributed virtual switch Benefits of the distributed virtual switch Configuring vNetwork Distributed Switching
Adding a new dvSwitch Migrate VM guests and adaptors to vDS Review maps, advanced config, and alarms

Video 16
Understanding and Using Tasks, Events, and Alarms

In this video
Understanding Tasks & Events Configure SNMP and SMTP Email in vCenter Alerting you with vCenter Alarms
110

Understanding Tasks and Events
Tasks are initiated by you (or in some cases by system) Events record not only tasks but, more importantly events that occur on the system (alarm condition reached, datastore out of space, etc) Tasks and Events are available at just about every level of the VI and on every type of object

Understanding Tasks and Events
You can Filter & Sort Tasks and Events! You can export Events Checkout the Events Home You can create Scheduled Tasks

Configuring SNMP Traps in vCenter
Different types of SNMP in vSphere:

Outbound traps Inbound statistics gathering (ESX and ESXi have different SNMP capabilities related to SNMP statistic gathering)
Here, we are talking about sending outbound traps to a network mgmt station
111

Configuring SMTP Email in vCenter
Like SNMP, SMTP is used as an alarm trigger vCenter does the sending, not the ESX Server Very simple SMTP configuration in vCenter vCenter offers only the configuration of the SMTP server and username

Alerting with vCenter Alarms
Alarms can alert you or take action on one of hundreds of potential conditions in the VI You could receive a SNMP trap, SMTP Email, Start/Stop a VM, execute a script, & more New in vSphere are alarms based on Thin Provisioning and the vNetwork Distributed Switch (vDS)!

What We Covered
Understanding Tasks & Events Configure SNMP and SMTP
Email in vCenter Alerting you with vCenter Alarms
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Video 17
Performance Optimization in VMware vSphere

In this video
Whats new in vSphere 4 related to performance? Selecting the right hardware Performance best practices Why you should care about Ready Time vSphere performance management tools 3rd party performance management tools Just use a DRS cluster and stop worrying!

Whats new in vSphere 4 related to performance?
113

Whats new in vSphere 4 related to performance?

Selecting the right hardware
Make the right hardware choices from the start, based on your apps, to ensure ideal performance Consult the HCL HW should not just work but be tested and deemed compatible Make sure HW is compatible with DRS (VMotion CPU compatibility) Know your applications and arrange hardware and clusters accordingly Get as much RAM and as many CPU cores as you can

Performance Best Practices
Virtualization performance is more complex to understand and troubleshoot than physical server performance Virtualization Performance can be related to any of the following:
Availability Resource allocation CPU, RAM, Storage, Network on ESX servers or SAN VM application performance
114

Performance Best Practices
Mix high and low utilization systems (or use DRS) Load VMware Tools and keep them up to date (needed for memory ballooning) Consider the new ESX VMXNET3 vNIC driver Remove unnecessary guest OS devices Use RAID 1, 5, or 10 on LUNs that store VMs Use a a 3rd party app to track historical perf.

Why you should care about Ready Time
Ready Time = the amount of time a VM wants to run but has not be provided CPU resources on which to execute
Esxtop simple % where normal is between 0-5% VC 20,000 ms sample with 1,000ms is actually 5% ready time
Causes Overloaded hosts Excessive use of SMP

vSphere Performance Management Tools
vSphere 4 offers improved performance data in the vSphere client Performance Tab available at the Host, Guest VM,
Cluster, & Data Center level
Overview and Advanced Views Offers 1+ year data you control the level of detail kept Advanced view allows you to pop the window, save the graph or print the graph Make sure you checkout Chart Options
CLI Performance tool esxtop on ESX full and ESXi
115

VMmark CLI-based benchmarking tool (free) AppSpeed ensures performance for multi-tiered applications (add on) Capacity IQ perform what if analysis (add on and coming soon!)
Also checkout VMware VROOM! and the VMTN Performance Community

VMmark CLI-based benchmarking tool (free) AppSpeed ensures performance for multi-tiered applications (add on) Capacity IQ perform what if analysis (add on and coming soon!)
Also checkout VMware VROOM! and the VMTN Performance Community

3rd Party Performance Management Tools
Veeam Monitor Vizioncore vFoglight vKernel Capacity Analyzer Akorri BalancePoint
116

Use Distributed Resource Scheduler
DRS = Distributed Resource Scheduler Use DRS and let vSphere best optimize your performance load! Dont want to fool with performance too much? Just put all VMs and ESX servers in a DRS cluster and set it to fully automatic Checkout my video covering DRS! (available in Enterprise and Enterprise Plus only)

What We Covered
Whats new in vSphere 4 related to
performance? Selecting the right hardware Performance best practices Why you should care about Ready Time vSphere performance management tools 3rd party performance management tools Just use a DRS cluster and stop worrying!

Video 18
Upgrading from VMware ESX 3.x and Virtual Infrastructure to vSphere 4
117

In this video
vCenter Server Upgrade ESX Host Upgrade

vSphere Host Upgrade Utility vCenter Update Manager
Upgrade VMware Tools in each VM then virt hw Upgrade your licensing WiredBrainCoffee.com: Upgrading from ESX 3.x and VI to vSphere 4

Upgrade Prerequisites
Verify that ESX Servers will run vSphere 4 Verify that your licenses will upgrade to the level of vSphere that you require Plan, Plan, and Plan some more Review the 112 page upgrade document which scenario are you?

118



119

Upgrade Checklist for the Wired Brain Coffee Company
Recommendation: use the vSphere Migration Checklist vCenter Server Upgrade ESX Host Upgrade using the vSphere Host Upgrade Utility Upgrade VMware Tools in each VM then virtual hardware version Upgrade your licensing

What We Covered
vCenter Server Upgrade ESX Host Upgrade vSphere Host Upgrade Utility vCenter Update Manager Upgrade VMware Tools in each VM then virt hw Upgrade your licensing WiredBrainCoffee.com:
Upgrading from ESX 3.x and VI to vSphere 4

Video 19-1
Moving virtual machines with VMotion
120

In this video
Why you need VMotion VMotion Requirements Lets VMotion some VMs!

Why you need VMotion
Move RUNNING virtual machines off of one ESX server and on to another ESX server The VMs disk files stay where they are (on shared storage) Uses:
Balance the load on ESX Servers (DRS) Save power by shutting down ESX using DPM Perform patching and maintenance on an ESX server (Update Manager or HW maintenace)

VMotion Requirements
vSphere Advanced, Enterprise, or Ent. Plus Shared storage between ESX servers iSCSI, FC, or NFS VM Disk will be kept on that shared storage VM memory and config will be migrated VMkernel interface on both ESX servers with VMotion enabled Works with standard switches or dvswitches (vDS)
121

What We Covered
Why you need VMotion VMotion Requirements Lets VMotion some VMs!

Video 19-2
Moving virtual storage with SVMotion

In this video
What is SVMotion? SVMotion Requirements Thin Provisioning and SVMotion Step by Step, SVMotion your storage
122

What is SVMotion?
Move the storage of RUNNING virtual machines from one datastore to another datastore The running VM stays on the server that it is on and the memory for that VM never moves Uses:
Balance the datastore utilization Perform SAN maintenance or swap out Setup features like VMotion/DRS/DPM/VMHA with no downtime

SVMotion Requirements
vSphere Enterprise or Enterprise Plus ONLY Shared storage connected to ESX server - iSCSI, FC, or NFS
All storage needs to be accessible to the ESX server where the VM is running
This works: local to SAN or SAN to local
Doesnt work: local on ESX 1 to local on ESX 2

SVMotion Requirements
Moving a powered on VM with snapshots is NOT supported Note that to use the option to change both host and datastore, the VM must be powered off Moving a large VMDK can take a LONG TIME, depending on your network connection
123

Thin Provisioning and SVMotion
When you migrate storage you have the option to change from Thin to thick Thick to thin
Why would you want to change to a thick virtual disk to a thin virtual disk?
Answer: Fault Tolerance (FT)

What We Covered
What is SVMotion? SVMotion Requirements Thin Provisioning and SVMotion Step by Step, SVMotion your
storage

Video 19-3
Load Balancing with Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS)
124

In this video
Auto Load Balancing with DRS Requirements to use DRS Reserving Resources Lock and Load - Going Fully Automatic with DRS

Auto Load Balancing with DRS
The number of VMs grow The utilization of those VMs grows All this grows disproportionally It constantly expands and contracts throughout the day, week, or month Over time, how are you going to balancing this constantly fluctuating load?

DRS = Distributed Resource Scheduler (not dynamic) Understands the resources of your VI
CPU Memory Power Storage Network
125

Hosts and Clusters provide the resources The VMs consume the resources Goals of DRS Prevent one VM from monopolizing all resources Guarantee service levels Offer most efficient use of server hardware Make your life as a VMware admin easier

DRS is enabled on a cluster Automation levels are:

Manual suggestions Partially automated auto place on power on & suggestions Fully automated you set the migration threshold
You can create migration rules to keep VMs together or apart DRS can auto-place new VMs in the cluster

Requirements to use DRS
vSphere Enterprise or Enterprise Plus Shared storage between hosts All VMs in the cluster must be on that shared storage DRS will use VMotion so it needs to work between hosts (beware of CPU compatibility issues & if so, checkout Enhanced VMotion Compatibility / EVC) Checkout the DRS tab and Resource Allocation tab on the cluster as well as the cluster properties
126

Reserving Resources
4 different ways to reserve resources Physical resources of host or cluster Reserve a certain amount of memory for the VM Allocate a higher % of physical resources to this VM Set an upper bound of resources to this VM
Shares set the priority of CPU & RAM for a VM

Set as high, normal, and low with 4:2:1 ratio Or, you can set a custom weight

What We Covered
Auto Load Balancing with DRS Requirements to use DRS Reserving Resources Lock and Load - Going Fully
Automatic with DRS

Video 19-4
Implementing High Availability with VMware HA (VMHA)
127

In this video
Why do you need High Availability? (HA) VMHA saving the day Requirements for VMHA Configuring VMHA- step by step Best Practices for VMHA

Why do you need High Availability (HA)?
Quickly bring back up critical business applications in the event of an ESX server failure Decrease downtime and improve availability Examples of business critical applications:
Exchange / Email SQL Server /Database Corporate File Server & Intranet / Web

VMHA Saving the Day
Lets say that you have an ESX server hardware failure (say a bad CPU or even disconnected network cable) Or, you could have an ESX server software OS crash (unlikely) VMHA powers all VMs running on that server on other servers in the VMHA cluster and Apps are up in the time it takes guest OS to boot
128

VMHA Saving the Day
VMHA monitors not only ESX host failures but also Guest OS failures Uniform HA protection for all VM guests and all applications, no matter the OS or app Smart failover to best ESX host (requires DRS) Supports up to 32 ESX servers in a cluster Enhanced isolation response

VMHA Saving the Day
Heartbeats are default of 1 second with 15 seconds to assume an ESX host is dead Failed ESX server will reboot in maintenance mode Admission Control ensures that resources are available (could stop power on of a VM, migrate a VM or increasing CPU/RAM reservations

VMHA Saving the Day
Heartbeats are default of 1 second with 15 seconds to assume an ESX host is dead Failed ESX server will reboot in maintenance mode Admission Control ensures that resources are available (could stop power on of a VM, migrate a VM or increasing CPU/RAM reservations
129

Requirements for VMHA
Shared storage for VMs running in HA cluster Can use DRS with VMHA or just VMHA only vSphere Essentials Plus, Standard, Advanced, Enterprise, Enterprise Plus Create a VMHA enabled cluster

Configuring VMHA, step by step
Have all VMs on shared storage between ESX servers Create a cluster and enable VMHA Add ESX hosts to the cluster Optional Configuration:
Cluster rules Guest VM restart priorities Guest VM Monitoring of OS

Best Practices for VMHA
Keep an eye on Cluster Validity Recommend you disable host monitoring as you make changes to your network or dvSwitches All networks and VMs on HA clusters must have compatible networks By default network isolation IP is the default gateway but you can configure others Use network redundancy between ESX servers
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Best Practices for VMHA
Configure redundant network paths ESX secondary SC port ESXi secondary VMKernel port
Configure the restart priority for VMs based on your most critical applications Configure isolation response IP info Configure VM Monitoring in HA Cluster settings to have VMware monitor the guest OS Configure alarms to alert you on cluster changes

What We Covered
Why do you need High
Availability? (HA) VMHA saving the day Requirements for VMHA Configuring VMHA- step by step Best Practices for VMHA

Video 19-5
Super High Availability with VMware Fault Tolerance (FT)
131

In this video
Achieve Zero Downtime with Fault Tolerance (FT) Requirements of FT Constraints of FT Testing to see if you can use FT with VMware Site Survey Flip the switch and enable FT

Achieve Zero Downtime with Fault Tolerance (FT)
FT provides continuous availability for a VM (or, zero downtime) Takes VMHA to the next level Works for all applications and 99% of guests operating systems

Does this by creating a live shadow copy of the running VM then keeping them in lockstep using VMwares vLockstep If an ESX server fails, the shadow will take over and a new shadow will be created in the cluster on another ESX server
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Primary VM is called the Primary and the copied/lockstep VM is the secondary The virtual disk for the VM is on shared storage and never moves Continuous VMotion

Requirements of FT
CPUs on all FT ESX servers must match and be from a specific list of processors (see KB) Hardware virtualization enabled in the BIOS Hosts must be in a HA cluster Recommended minimum # of 1GB NICs = 3 ESX servers must be running same build VMs on shared SAN, accessible by servers vSphere Advanced, Enterprise, or Ent Plus

Constraints of FT
Single vCPU in each VM only (no SMP) Requires specific hardware Recommended minimum of 4 VMs running FT on an ESX server Line of site between ESX servers due to latency Only Thick disk is supported Snapshots are not allowed Some guests not supported and some guests require shutdown to enable
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Testing to see if you can use FT with VMware Site Survey
Checkout Eric Sloofs FT Checklist Site Survey saves time by automating this check Run Site Survey on your cluster to see if you can use FT


What We Covered
Achieve Zero Downtime with Fault
Tolerance (FT) Requirements of FT Constraints of FT Testing to see if you can use FT with VMware Site Survey Flip the switch and enable FT
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VMware vSphere Training

Train Signal, Inc. David Davis, vExpert, VCP, CCIE

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