Study Guide Life Science Semester 1 Suggested study materials: Science notebook Textbook Standards Tested 1a.

Know cells function similarly in all living organisms. 1b. Know the characteristics that distinguish plant cells from animal cells, including chloroplasts and cell walls. 1d. Know that mitochondria liberate energy for work that cells do and that chloroplasts capture sunlight energy for photosynthesis. 1e. Know cells divide to increase their numbers through a process of mitosis, which results in two daughter cells with identical sets of chromosomes. 2.b Know sexual reproduction produces offspring that inherit half their genes from each parent. 2.c Know an inherited trait can be determined by one or more genes. 2.d Know plant and animal cells contain many thousands of different genes and typically have two copies of every gene. The two copies (or alleles) of the gene may or may not be identical, and one may be dominant in determining the phenotype while the other is recessive. 2.e Know DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material of living organisms and is located in the chromosomes of each cell. 5.a Know plants and animals have levels of organization for structure and function, including cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and the whole organism. 6.d Know how simple lenses are used in a magnifying glass, the eye, a camera, a telescope, and a microscope. 7.c Communicate the logical connection among hypotheses, science concepts, tests conducted, data collected, and conclusions drawn from the scientific evidence. 7.d Construct scale models, maps, and appropriately labeled diagrams to communicate scientific knowledge (e.g., motion of Earth's plates and cell structure). The function of mitochondria and Chapter 1 chloroplasts in plant and animal cells. Page 34 Key concepts you must know Characteristics of living things. How does an image appear in a microscope? Differentiate plant and animal cells.

cells, but respiration occurs in plant and animal cells. Compare active and passive transport.

Vocabulary you must know Cell theory Cell membrane Cytoplasm Prokaryotic cell Eukaryotic cell Organelle Nucleus Cell wall Chloroplast Mitochondria

Chapter 2 Page 66 Key concepts you must know Know the results of photosynthesis. Know the results of cellular respiration. Know photosynthesis occurs only in plant Chapter 3 Page 94 Key concepts you must know What phase does a cell spend most of its life in? Identify phases of mitosis visually *page 83 Identify structure of a chromosome *page 83 How are daughter cells like the parent cells?

Vocabulary you must know Carbohydrates Lipids Protein Nucleic acid Glucose Photosynthesis Chlorophyll Cellular respiration Fermentation Diffusion Passive transport Osmosis Active transpor

Chapter 4 Page 134 Key concepts you must know

Vocabulary you must know DNA Chromosome Cell cycle Interphase Mitosis Metaphase Cytokinesis Asexual reprodction Know how alleles relate to genes. Explain what it means to have dominant or recessive alleles. Know how to calculate the Punnett squares

show possible outcomes of heredity. Explain the results of meiosis. Explain how DNA and RNA make proteins

Vocabulary you must know

Sexual reproduction Gene Heredity Allele Phenotype Dominant Recessive Punnett square Probability Gamete Sperm Fertilization Meiosus Replication RNA