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WRESO rllEREFORE MANY OF TIIEN BUVD_vv" ._ ,AcT.w-

EDITED

BY

OYRUS

E.

BROOKS.

cc

The Wages of Sin is Death; but the gift of God is Eternal Life through Jesus Christ our Lord."

No. 7. Vol. V.
TABLE OF CONTENTS. PAGE.

APRI L, 1882.
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The End Near ... Preaching the Gospel to the Dead The Creation of Man and its Lessons The Second Death and how to Escape it Conditional Immortality. Part VI. Thoughts in Verse-Give up; The memory of the just is blessed; Thy saints shall bless Thee Question Column-Is Do believers.die? The Resurrection Part IV .... man mortal?

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CYRUS E. BROOKS. MALVERN

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91

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warnings

Word, and to the fulfi\ment phenomena prophetic doubt? should peace," surprise, should that the its Romish the world there

92
and the Life.

join with but that

92
93 94 94

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prophetic

students-for

however widely

86
such may differ on minor points, they are

THE
dominion

BIBLE

STANDARD.
above the base rapidly-declining ascending passage, of the pyramid, until we descend a we reach the This

and territory, period), by a rapid presence

and were to last for 1260 the end of which was to decay of authority destruction commenced of Christ. and at

agreed on this major-that CHRISTIS NIGH AT HAND. Many whilst either , actually fix on A.D. 1885 as the (the Gospel) none case, exceed A.D. 1923. as the year coming: Look

years (year-day be set forth or age, will the manifested of the" woman"

passage which

rises from

it.

latest probable
Not, observe, in Christ

power, followed by their complete (the Papacy)

first portion measures

985 inches (British) giving,

limit of this

dispensation in which

The period the Bishop of from the new

on the scale of an inch to a year, 985 years, or the

606, when, by the edict of Phocas, the "river" (July (Islam) 16) of A.D. 622, which the

A,D. period of time from the dispersion at Babel to Moses the Law-giver. Following the ascending passage to its point of j unction gallery," inches, we get a further or the period At the from with the " grand of 1,542 we have measurement

come, hut as being the furthest probable i,e. that we may look of any year between to remove judgments His upon

Rome became the head of Christendom; moon calendar

that of

delay of Christ's this and then.

saints,

for our Lord at any portion as preparatory

Mohammedan

Moses to our Lord-

for Him to those

has been dated.

Add 1260 to 606, the

1,542 years.

point of junction

ended A.D. a space 33! inches in length, or the period of our Lord's life from Bethlehem to Calvary-33 ApOSTATECHRISTENDOM, hich will culminate in 1866; add 1260 to 622, that of Islam ended w His death and burial (in luna?' years) A.D. 1844. (We are using solar years and six months. the crisis of His PUIlLICAPPEARANCEr PERSONAL o according to ac- is shown in a shaft, leading from this space to a PRESENCEto rule the guilty nations" with a rod of and lunar years respectively, chamber below the foundations of the pyramidiron," and to "dash them in pieces [as far as knowledged authorities.) impenitent] like a potter's vessel." The present condition of these powers is a as if to indicate His sojourn in Hades,-this period of the Papacy (in solar years) (2) The close of the CHRONOLOGICAL DATES furnished These received the in by Daniel and John, for the instruclatter days." actually (year-day periods) having striking proof of the accuracy old Roman authority human of these earth, figures. successand Now shaft was originally from its mouth, tinuing "grand "king's length this gallery" chamber," covered with a stone, which force Conthe of of the total the glorious along The Papacy of the 13th century western. half of the fully claiming unmake kings she is stripped Divine ruled the whole to make events. has since been rolled back, by some mighty as if to indicate measurement "ante-room" fact of His resurrection latter to the from the dead.

tion of the Lord's people in these" dates their fulfilment, and Western part of

and order

as far as they apply to And this, in both hemispheres the age opinion called of of the

of her temporal

dominion-which

" the times of the Gentiles." Eastern that Roman Earth. closing

ceased in 1870, the very year of her daring impiety in proclaiming Papal Infallibility,-whilst her spiritual Islam thunders fall unheeded on the ear. power Europe. its head, of one one of of the 16th century sick man" was a terrible of Turkey,

we find a recorded

1,882 inches-giving This is truly A.D.1882. (6) The foretold

1,882 years as the entire dispensation. we are now in seeing

Thus we are now well advanced

of the Gospel or Christian significant,

"the
Chris-

latter days."
(3) The almost tians, notwithstanding differences,-though by vastly different of toil and trouble, universal the their multiplied conclusion sectarian is reached history its

which threatened Now it is the" Great another, should other. the Sultan;reigning lest, Since

to overrun and master simply by the

corruption

of doctrine or

to-

grace of the

gether with the wealth

and wordliness

Powers, because of their by the division enriched be unduly

jealousy

APOS'UCYOF THE CHURCH

routes-that the world's

after 6,000 years secular begin:

of Turkey,

to the

loss of the

(1 Tim. iv. 1, 2; 2 1'im. iii. 1-5; iv, 3, 4; 2 Pet. iii. 3,4; Jude 18, 19; Rev. iii.14-18.) This has its
glaringly trine eternal the we worship, painful fulfilment in our day. mariolatry, natural an eternal earth; As docsainthave-purgatory, papal infallibility, sin and suffering, of the of God upon

would close, and its sacred history GOLDENAGE, Millennium, ii. 2, 3, with both to such

1828 Turkey has been stripped in Europe, territory African of Tripoli, the

her fairest

provinces

has lost a good in Asia, and, has practically dependencies, from

or SAIlIlATH REST (compare OF 2 Pet. Iii, 7, 8)_ as were looking This faith

Gen. portion of her Armenian

has Lord with the exception lost which the whole once fringed of her

immortality, devil-with and the practical

indeed been the common property before, and after this period; thoughtful idolaters. Taking chief 4130 years the Christian of (thousands) Hebrew from chronology, Clinton, the Fall personeoutside

of the Church, for their

denial

Personal

Advent and

Mediterranean

Kingdom truth taught

yea, also, of many Church, heathen by its

the professing

Syria to the Atlantic Ocean. (5) Turning to the banks of the Nile, we have another eloquent sign in the GREATPYRAMID.

denial (by silence that

or d warfishness

) of the grand already. whilst its that the

of the Resurrection, (practically) is glaring.

of which it is largely it is past is amazing, Paul teaches

and there are traces of it even amongst

The wealth of the Church of Prof. Piazzi the worldliness final 3,4.) manifestation -

as stated

From Smyth, Lord,

the

laborious

researches

expounder,

it gives to the

a period of Incarnation, Add to this days

it is difficult recorded

to avoid the witness

conclusion unto only in

of Antichrist, of the Church

as a person, (2 Thess, ii.

that we have these "last

here a veritable in stone, Bounding

follows the apostacy (7) Daniel supplies

from the first to the second Adam. dispensation, showing 6012 years, the

and revealed

and we have a total six secular

days."

the Nile on the

us with an index finger" in

to have already expired. HISTORICANTICHRIST

one hand, and the Lybian desert on the other, stands this marvellous monument of skill and power. Its five millions tons of huge squared and rise to largest dot and the the stone cover thirteen acres of ground, structures which

THE INTENSE AC1'IVITY of the latter-days, and knowledge We accept that the the former "Many teaching part shall run to and fro, shall be increased" of this

(4) The decay of the in the Eastern ancient and Roman and Western Empire, The or Romish in were Both former, hemispheres seated of the at

(Dan. xii. 4.)

students refers to

of prophetic passage

a height oldest western ; therein, of

of 486 feet, it being the 38

respectively

facilities for locomotion, and the latter to facilities for acquiring and prophetic. ignorant

the two ancient capitals Rome. being symbolized the latter, symbolised woman." consent,

thereof-Constantinople or Turkish power, being general Roman

reach of the Nile valley, dating Omitting all other features subject, viz.: we call attention to one distinctly

back to bearof to

knowledge-both
He would

secular, religious, be a bold or else words as bringlink the

B,C. 2170.

of interest

in Rev. xvi. 12, by a "river" power (the Papacy), systems, of by almost the old

man who would deny that these fitness to our own day-such Railways within and steamships and islands together;

ing on our present the central Entering

the teaching leading

have a special never before. farthest

Rev. xvii, 3, 5, 15, 16, by a the measurements

inheritors

of the passages the"

room called

King's Chamber."

continents

at the north side. some little distance

ing St. Petersburg

three days of London,

THE
and Australia Then, telephone, or New Zealand can speak within six weeks. telegraph and and the to pole,

BIBLE

STANDARD.
of on of have made.to these words. travagance The latter the following the extort an apposite Their number, of some of them, writer merely meaning and

87
out of

country as fast as means and the permission the authorities national their scribed Relief allow; Fund has been organised that many

too, by the aid of pole

the

that in London an Interabout 50,000 was sub-

the "

ex-.

clearly show that gives what appears of the passage in

opposing parts of the equator are brought within thirty minutes distance of each other. ing, wonderful penny facilities In learnare offered, from the

behalf, to which

this passage is 'hard

to be understood.'

soon after its opening;

the migrating

Jews desire to settle in Palestine; of the

to him the probable meaning paraphrase: gospel preached

press to the Word of God; whilst it has such has been its speed. supplies an important sign,

that it has been chosen by the Committee are to be made for their reception; already a considerable land; that to acquire that Jews are now permitted land, and encouraged philanthropists our foremost

"For

this

end was spiritually sin its

been truly said, " discovery is out of breath with running,"

Fund as one of the places in which arrangements that there is in that by the Sultan to settle there; are favourJewish population

to you when and, having

dead, that, believing it, ye should and follow holiness; in your external reputation, object, the result has been thatye circumstances,

abandon gained

(8) Our Saviour

(~[ark xiii. 10) in the latter-day,

UNIVERSAL TEACHING THE GOSPEL. OF "And among this Gospel must this first be published authorities realized, of all nations." Trustworthy

are persecuted your body, your

your outward condition, by men; but

able to the re-nationalization in Palestine, that private

of the Jewish race

you are happy in your mind, in all your spiritual relations and circumstances, in God" (Expository Discourses, First Peter, Vol. ii., p. 466). The context, however, doesnot favour the idea that the apostle's to those who had been" at the time seem to us to reference was dead," but

declare that

has been at length

under a prince of Jewish blood, and enterprise is rapidly mapping out

with the single exception Corea, on the coast of China. been translated the world. a Corean into and being taught Even

of the peninsula

protected by one or more of the Great Powers; and the land for railways, for which Concessions are being sought. from the Sultan, it is difficult to avoid belief that the "set threshold In the time to favour Zion " has indeed come, and that we .are just upon the of the MiIlennial Age. foregoing remarks have we have been simply together recognised century, latter-day to be such

The Word having languages, staff girdling

several hundred

by a missionary of the

spiritually

Corea is now being attacked: New Testament and the first of preparation,

to believers of the gospel who were bodily dead he was writing. meaning Such is the view by John Panton in the given of the apostle's

translation

being in course and stealthily be little doubt

Corean tract and catechism therefore,

having been printed There can eight to be added to that Corea's

Ham, in his Generations Gathered and Gather-

sent into the country. will shortly

sought to bring phenomena-which -to

ing, p. 127: "The

gospel was preached

exhaustively

lifetime of those who are now dead; be judged -that common that made namely, To the pp. 69,70): slightest too rashly

and to them they must of men the that be be

ten millions of people

proved, during this present

for this cause, namely, that although is, although they must

the number of nations' having the Word of God and its teachers in their midst, and thus a complete fulfilment realized. of the Saviour's words be

show that we have solid reason for believing are its lessons? to the Christian. Bride-the the Bridegroom Comfort is so near and en-

in the flesh after the manner lot of man, which they might, again in a

THE ENn ~EAR of the present dispensation. What because Warning engrossed couragement Joy and gladness His return Church. True

experience

is to die-yet notwithstanding, spiritual Christ the shall

they might live according to God in the spiritis, that .alive existence

(9) "Coming events cast their shadows before." JUdging by present-day signs we see the shadow of the glorious event of the RETURNOF THE JEWS TO PALESTINE, thrown give up: very clearly on our immediate way.

for His long waiting

for the mere professor, in the concerns

and for those

resurrection-when same effect writes

of this life, to the such with a curse. Let us each with faith, "Even true so,

ready to judge the quick and the dead." Rev. J. C.

practical exclusion of the next; warning of danger nigh, lest He, coming, smite "Surely renewed I come quickly." hearts, right

Isaiah says (xliii. 6.)

" I will say to the north, from the upon with

M'Causland, M.A. (On the Intermediate

"There built ground

State,

and to the south, keep not back: bring The recent of Germany, the outrages

is not in these words the that the 'dead'

lives, strong

my sons from far and my daughters ends of the earth." the Jewish Russia-but residents chiefly

for the notion which has been upon them, to in the inter-

love, and earnest come, Lord Jesus."

watching-say,

Austria, and

here spoken of were preached

Malvern.

Editor.

latter-together

mediate state. inditing

They were called ' dead' by the were so at the time of his to them. There is, at with

the anxious desire of the people, thus oppressed, to leave countries is no longer first word: phetic and partial writers, where their life and property supplying us with a of this conceded prophetic by profulfilment tha;t there safe, is surely

apostle, because they

PREACHING THE GOSPEL THE DEAD.

By W. LUNG.

TO

.this epistle, but they were alive when inconsistent

the gospel was preached

least, nothing in the language

it being so generally and Benjamin

will be a restoration to their own landand this to be followed has believed unto this is

of Judah

though, ~t first, in unbelief; Israel, after that, the waited for Him, the Lord: 9.) The former

"For this cause was the gospel preached to them that are dead, that they might be judged according to men in the rlesh, but live according to God in the spirit."-l Pet. Iv.B.

this position, while the supposing them to have been dead, when preached to, contradicts the uniform testimony of the Word respecting the disembodied state, and therefore cannot be maintained. There is no difficulty here proposed, of Scripture connected as it agrees with the explanation with the testimony assent.

by the union of the two nations of J udah

THIS

passage learned

has been declared

by the most to be

expositors Maclmight in that

to be very hard the New

salvation, saying, "Lo, this is our God: we have and He will save us: we have waited for Him, we will be

understood. darkest extremely "sense that" Doddridge,

says it is " one of the Testament;" to be "the tbat be confessed

which the other

passages

views oppose, and has thus The meaning

a fair claim on our were, according yet, accord-

it "must obscure;"

of the latter part of the against sin, subjected

glad and rejoice in His salvation" first-named the latter restoration Advent,

(Isaiah xxv.
precedes the Be of the

difficult;" is here

Bloomfield,

passage seems to be, that they to the penalty to death' the spirit,' 'judged'
I

Dr. Adam Clarke, different translations and Dr. John purpose to

denounced

follows as a result

there are as many

in the flesh,' but should

manifested

presence of the"

Son of man."

of this verse and comments upon it, as there are translators Brown, state that and commentaries;" "it attempts would serve little

ing to the provision

of God, in Christ, ' live in the believer is

it rememberedjthat the knownjmembers 3,000,000; that these

Russia alone contains half of the Jewish race, or some are steadily leaving that

i.e., in the spiritual body, just mento temporal death, while in the latter

tioned, in the former of which

the various

which interpreters

ro_,

<

88
he will be introduced to eternal life. In fact the natural life, of which they were deprived by death, is to be succeededby the spiritual life of the resurrection." The application of the passage suggested by Mr. M'Causlsnd, seems to me very probable; it agrees entirely with the whole scope of the context, and with the whole testimony of Scripture. Only I am more inclined to Dr. Brown's understanding of the phrase "judged according to men in the flesh," as being equal to " judged by men "-put to death by persecutors; and in like manner regard the phrase "live according to God in the spirit." as referring to the Divine agency by which they were to live again, though put to death. Just as the same apostle had said of his Lord: "Him ye have taken, and by wicked hands have crusified and slain, whom God hath raised up " (Acts ii. 23, 24). But the force of the apostle's argument is not materially affected, whether we understand him as referring to death by persecution, or death as the effectof God's judgment against sin, as the common lot of the descendants of Adam. By referring to the preceding context the reader will perceive that the condition of the dead, between the time of their death and resurrection, is not the subject of his discourse' he is rather seeking to strengthen the flock God, amid the sore persecutions they had to bear for their Lord's sake. He reminds them that suffering for well-doing was not peculiar to them; that the Christ Himself had suffered, even unto death; and therefore, as their Lord had suffered for them, they should be ready and willing to suffer for Him, no longer living according to the desires of the flesh, but according to the will of God. Viewed in this light, the language of verse 6 seems to amount to this: " Your sufferings are in no respect peculiar, for the gospel was also preached to, and received by, the disciples, who have already been subjected to death, who, although it was the will of God they should so suffer, yet that by submitting themselves to sufferings and death they should live again, according to the pleasure of God, when at the resurrection they are made alive by the spirit." Oomfort this, like the assuring words of our Lord: He who loseth his life for My sake shall keep it unto life eternal." Such, we think, is the most probable meaning of the apostle's words; but, as W. G. Moncrieff observes in his work, Spirit: "Let the full force of the text be what it may, it teaches nothing about disembodied spirits, for surely it would require a most merciless torturing of the words, 'live according to God in the spirit; , to make them express this: 'live according to God, as disembodied spirits, in the unseen world.'

,THE BIBLE

STANDARD.
Scriptures, by making them conform to his own fancy, or treating them as old-world lore, which the march of intellect has left behind I Notwithstanding our deep sense of the sincerity, ability, and learning of Dr. Farrar, and many others like-minded, we must oppose their dream of salvation in the unseen state, for the apostle of Christ assures us thet "Now is the accepted time, NOW IS THIIl DAY OF SALVATION." Edinburgh.

The translators seem to have "iewed the language in a similar way as we have done, seeing they have rendered the Greekverb in the past tense: "For this cause was the gospel preached also to them that are dead." According to the view taken by those who apply the words to a missionary effort in Hades, they would require to be: " For this cause is the gospel preached to them that are dead." Perhaps such a rendering may yet be argued for; but it would be in strange contrast to such statements as: "Whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do it with thy might; for there is no work, nor device, nor wisdom in the grave, ,whither thou goest.' "The night cometh when no man can work." A great deal of Scripture, indeed, would require to be rewritten before we could find any warrant there for the idea of the evangelizing of the dead. But, after all, the apostle is speaking of dead persons, while Dr. Farrar and his school are thinking of persons still alive! Those unsavad ones who are supposed to be the subjects of evangelization in the unseen state are not thought to be dead, but more sensibly alive than when in the body. It is not they, but their bodies-the house in which they lodged for a while-which has crumbled to dust. As men throw aside a worn-out garment, so they, it is supposed have left their bodies behind them, as so many old clothes, and iu the unseen world whither they have gone, have the gospel which they despised here, preached to them there with so much effect that all, or nearly all, sh~ll be saved by it! Why take a passage, which speaks of those who are dead, to sustain a theory regarding persons who are ALIVE? In the Scriptures there are no two greater opposites than death and life; and never do we find the Scriptures speaking of a person as dead, while he is understood to be alive, whether the reference be to natural or moral life. The persons of whom Peter speaks are evidently regarded by him as having been once alive, and now dead. It is not of bodies, as such, he is writing, but of persons; and the Scriptures uniformly speak of the person as dying-" Dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return." "Man returneth to his earth; in that day his thoughts perish." It is only by ignoriug the testimony of Scripture, and substituting for it the conceptions of men, that the p\easing fancy of reformation between death and resurrection can be held. Hence we find its advocates speaking with contempt of "an array of texts of Scripture," and denouncing adherence .to its natural and grammatical sense as "servile interpretation." The day is at hand when it shall be seenwho is the wiser-he who takes God's Word to mean what it says, and obeys it, or he who wrests the

THE CREATION. OF MAN AND ITS LESSONS.

By BURLINGTON B. WALE.

0;

THE creation of man is the fundamental fact of human history. His creation and fall are the chief factors in all the subsequent events of that history. To have a correct conception of those facts (and of his subsequent redemption) is essential to a right understanding of our personal character, constitution, and destiny. But, for a knowledge of these facts we are dependent upon the Bible as their record, and God as our informant. If revelation is silent, we are ignorant; but if God hath spoken, let the universe be convinced. Most men feel an interest in the family tree, and like, if possible, to trace back the genealogy to some remote and famous ancestor; and though to the vast majority of mankind there is a large number of missing links in the chain, yet we may all, without the shadow of a doubt, link ourselves on to the first man, and claim a common descent from Adam and Eve. Let us then, in contemplating his creation, consider the time of his appearance,the materials of whichhe was composed,the consultation which preceded his creation, and the image in which he was made. These are questions which no amount of geuius, of literary research, or scientific investigation, can solve; they are matters of fact, and must be ascertained, as all matters of fact are, by evidence and testimony. In relation to the time of Adam's creation, we remark that it was on the sixth day, and probably towards the close of the day, considering what God is said to have done on the sixth day, prior to the creation of Adam (Gen. i. 24, 25). Now, the period of Adam's creation has a double suggestiveness,retrospective and prospective, or historic and prophetic. Retrospective-for on the previous five days, the Creator had been preparing for man: He built and furnished the house before the tenant appeared upon the scene; He spread the feast before the guest was introduced; the theatre was decorated and illuminated before the, spectator was admitted; and when all things were ready, He created man, and made him the possessor and monarch of

THE
all. But the time of Adam's creation was prophetic; being created on the evening of the sixth day, he could only have begun his rule, his empire, on the seventh day; and if, as the Jews believed, centuries before Christ, the six days of creation were typical of the six thousand years of secular history, to be followed by the manifestation and rule of Messiah,in the seventh millenary of the world; then Adam's creation on the close of the sixth day, and the commencing of his rule on the seventh, would be prefigurative of the fact that at the close of the six thousand years of secular history, the second Adam-the Lord out of heaven-would begin His millennial reign. And the six thousand years expire with the present century. Secondly,let us look at the materials of which he was composed. " And the Lord God formed man out of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and man became a living soul." "Breathed" (nahphagh), to put air into motion; the" breath of life" (nish-math-ghah-yeem) is tlie atmospheric air, as inhaled in the way of respiration; "and man becamea living soul" (neh-phesh-ghah-yah) literally a living creature. Moses is the only inspired writer that uses the word, and he uses it altogether eleven times, and ten times out of this it is used of the brute creation, and translated "living creature;" only in the passage before us is it translated" living soul." We paraphrase the verse thus: And the Lord God formed man out of atoms, and blew into his nostrils the atmospheric air, and man became a living creature. Thirdly, let us consider the consultation which preceded, his creation: ~.And God said, Let us make man," &c. Now, to get rid of the idea of a plurality of persons in the Godhead, writers of the Socinian and Unitarian school have put two interpretations upon this sentence: (1) that the Creator is merely speaking after the manner of an Oriental Potentate in using " us " and "we." Bnt is not this thought both derogatory and unlikely as far as the Deity is concerned? Derogatory, to suppose God imitating man's pomposityof utterance; and unlikely, that the Creator should imitate an anticipated form of human expression, before man himself was created. But even if we were disposed to grant this explanation for the sake of argument, there is a sentence in chap. iii. 22, which effectuallydisposes of it: "And the Lord God said, Behold the man is become like one of us." Now,though a king may say "us" and "we," there is certainly no figure of speech which will allow a singleperson to say" one of us" when speaking only of himself. The second explanation offered is that in the sentence" Let us make man," the Creator is associating Himself with the angels, and consulting them in the contemplated action.

BIBLE

STANDARD.

89
capable of knowing and appreciating the works of God, as no other creature on earth can. (3) God displayed infinite skill in the works of His hands, and in the architecture of the universe. Man is endowed with talents to invent, fashion, subjugate, and mould nature's plastic forces to his will. (4) Man was made in the governmental image of God, and constituted by his Maker, the regal autocrat of earth. But alas, the vessel was marred in the hands of the potter, and creation itself has suffered as a consequence of man's fall,-" the' whole creation groaneth and travaileth in pain together until now." The trail of the serpent is over it all. But we, according to His promise, look for a new heavens, and a new earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness." And when that new heavens and earth are evoked beneath the fiat of the Almighty, He will once more form man out of the dust of the earth, and breathe into his nostrils the breath of everlasting life. Man, from his long sleep in the chambers of the grave, shall wake to look out upon the faultless gloriesof a world, over whose brightness sin flings no shadow,and amidst whose melodies sorrownever wakes a sigh. The Creator shall yet again look down with Divine complacencyupon the works of His hands, and pronounce it very good. Once more He shall cease from His works, and the children of that first resurrection, who cannot die any more, shall enter with Him upon the enjoyment of that Sabbath keeping which remains for the people of God, and go out from His presence no more for ever. Lincoln.

But in reply to this we quote the inspired question, " Who, being the Lord's counsellor, hath taught Him, and with whom took He counsel, and who instructed Him?" _Besides, is man made in the image of the angels? or would the Creator place Himself on a level with His creatures and His angels? Hath He not said, My glory will I not give to another? " The only alternative explanation is that which is confirmed by a thousand other passages of Scripture, that there is a plurality of persons in the Godhead; while the actual number must be gathered from other parts of revelation. Fourthly, let us consider the image in which man was created. It cannot be supposed that a physical likeness is intended, for that would be to anthropomorphise the Deity. To what then will ye liken God, or what likeness will ye compare unto Him? " But there are those who affirm that the creation of man in the divine image means that man was invested with an indestructible immortality, or everlasting life. But this is to invest man with one of the attributes of the Godhead-and that attribute a fundamental one, for it is the foundation of all the rest; omniscience, omnipotence, and omnipresence, are the accessories, so to speak, the manifestations of the Divine life, the vesture of Being,-and pre-suppose the eternal life of God, as their basis, and point of departure. If, therefore, to be created in the image of God, was to invest man with the fundamental attribute of Deity-everlasting life -why exclude the adjectival attributes which have eternal life as their basic idea? In investing man with the greater, why withhold from him the lesser? If to be created in the image of God implies the possession, on the part of man, of an indestructible immortality, or a life that must continue and run parallel with the life of God, why should it not equally imply his possession of the rest of the Divine attributesomniscience,omnipotence, and omnipresence? But you say, we do not see him possessed of these attributes. True, and neither do you see him possessed of the other-immortality. You think you do. "Ye think ye have eternal life," but the thought is based upon Satan's falsehood and Plato's philosophy. What then is implied in man being created in the image of God? In reply, we say:(1) That it implies his creation in the moral image of the Creator, in sinless purity and true holinesa ; this is implied in the promise to renewed man-that he should be "renewed in knowledgeand true holiness after the image of Him who created him." (2) God is the supreme intelligence, the source of all knowledgeand truth. Man created in His image is an intelligent and intellectual being,

THE

SECOND DEATH, AND HOW TO ESCAPE IT. By GEORGE P. MACKAY.

" He Ihat orercometh shall not be hurl of Ihe Seoond Death."-Bev. ii. 1l.

are the THESE the angel closing words ofinthe epistle to of the Church Smyrna." The Believers there were most devoted and sincere. Their virtues were well tested and exhibited by persecution. It has been noted that Smyrna" is the Greek word for" Myrrh," which is described as "a substance distilling in tears spontaneously, or by incisions, from a small thorny tree growing in Arahia, and especially in Abyssinia; these tears soon harden into a bitter aromatic gum, which was highly prized by the ancients, and used in incense and perfumes." But before the fragrance of myrrh could he fully perceived it had to be bruised in a mortar. It required pounding. So seems it to have been with the Christians at Smyrna. Through much tribulation" their excellencies were revealed. In passing, let us learn from this that afiliction and trial are not always marks of God's displeasure. We are apt to consider them as such.

90
But there is a brighter at it. "Whom side. It is well to look bearetli fruit, He pleasant operait may bear more first bishop of

THE BIBLE

STANDARD.
Gehenna, the lake of fire; into which the

the Lord loveth He chasteneth."

" To every man upon this earth Dea.th cometh, Boon or la.te."

"Every branch in Me that cleanseth it (by pruning,-no tion to the branch,-) fruit." The Smyrna, addressed, asked to aged and Polycarp, supposed that the to

As sure as death number be a number Two. it is not now inflicted.

One, so there is to dead

wicked shall be cast after the judgment. To be "hurt of the second death," then, is to be " punished with everlasting destruction; to be branch; vessel;" driveth burnt up, leaving "neither root " to be dashed in pieces" like a potter's to be "like away;" the chaff which the wind to lose all life and And in short, " nor

But note, please, it is to be; The unbelieving They must

(John xv. 2, New Version.) be "the angel" When his life good

have not yet died the second death. first be raised and judged. all are waiting for the great ( " After this the judgment.") shall be cast into the" IS THE SECOND DEATH."

In the first death Day of Assize. Then they whose "THIS

(minister or messenger,) to whom the letter was was martyred recant, "-" in A.D. 168. that on condition

consciousness,

to be blotted out of being, and to one had never been. of such an end and for

names are not found written in the Book of Life Lake of Fire."

become as though

we can see the rea~onableness

would be spared, he' made the following" confession: how then

" for the fearful and unbelieving, and abomin-

Fourscore and six years have I my King and as

served the Lord, and He has never wronged me : can I blaspheme produced hero. Saviour? " And Smyrna tha.t venerable all firmness. many as faithful Wave after wave of per(see verse 5), her That of

and fornicators, 11. THE NATURE OF THE SECOND DEATH. able, and murderers, Referring to Rev. xx. and xxi, some one may sorcerers, and idolaters, and all liars;" say,-" torment This is the second death, even the lake is wrapped up in this language. or place, But of the of fire; " and may suppose the theory of eternal all that these words can mean is that" of fire" shall be the means, second death; for further study. Now it has been called" dies," "Death in life," "A The death that never living death and a die But such definitions leaving the nature the lake existence which

God will simply be taking away from them the they have proved themselves unworthy to possess. Ill. THE ESCAPE FROM THE SECOND DEATH. Thank God, it is only "appointed unto men once to die." You need not die a second time But for salvation from the Had

secution came, but the Church there stood with As a reward candlestick has never been removed. the other Churches

of that death

unless you choose.

has had to be taken a~ay.

second death you must accept God's plan.

" Ephesus, the mart of all nations, the boast of Ionia, has long dwelt in darkness as though she had not been." Laodicea that is in ruins: the haunt of the vulture unknown. that alone which and the jackal. Sardis is

we an Elixir of Life, any medicine, any scheme to propose whereby you could escape from the first death, how eager you would be to know it. But the second death is more dreadful in itself " He that saith

dying life; " and its subj ects are said "to and to be always dying." are self- contradictory.
How can he be dying who never dies 1 Can a bird be flying that 1I.t:ver fliel1 Can a.brook be flowing that never ftotOl 1 Can a flower be growing that never grows 1 Can a glass be breaking that 1Mve1' brealcs 1 Ca.na tooth be aching that neVt1' aches 1

so completely overthrown Philadelphia, they formerly

its very site is greatly inferior to

Pergamos, and Thyaenjoyed. it can Smyrna boast of

and in its results. unto the Churches! "HE

Oh, listen then! "

hath an ear let him hear what the Spirit

tira exist yet, but in a state flourishes. To-day

THATOVERcoME'rH SHALLNOT BE HURT

OF THE SECOND DEATH." There is much in this world to be overcome. In the case of the Smyrna Christians, natural the worst foe might be Fear,-the you It two off fear of imprisonment a thoughtless, a halting and martyrdom. giddy lif!'. between the putting

150,000 inhabitants, Christian light. name, Ionia." "Smyrna,

great commerce, and much the Lovely, the Crown of

The real nature of the second death may be learned from ilJatt. x. 28, the language of which is very similar soul; to Rev. ii. 10, " Fear not them which kill the body, but are not able to kill the but rather fear Him who is able to destroy in the first death the body both soul and body in hell." Here we see that (or person) is killed, but the soul (or life) is not. The life is driven out, and lost, for the time being, to the person (see Matt. xvi, 25); but no one can prevent its return. beheld the" them, come and killed. The Seer of Patmos Two Witnesses"

It is still worthy of its ancient

In yours, it may be sheer Carelessness: may be leading may opinions. season. be Indecision:

Doubtless the epistle from which our text is taken would sustain and encourage the martyrs of Smyrna. -" suffer; How cheering would be the words, Fear none of those things which thou shalt behold the devil shall cast some of you and ye shall ten days: be thou faithful unto "He that second they lost

Or Procrastination:

confession of the Saviour to a more convenient It may be some evil habit: which ease rather than a secret You service; sin, perhaps, holds you prisoner.

into prison, that ye may be tried; have tribulation death,

may be desiring

and I will give thee a crown of life! " the promise, shall not be hurt death of the

(Rev. xi.) over"After three days

may be" ashamed of Jesus," fickle in disposition, or void of perseverance. prevents you travelling" But whatever it is that the way everlasting,"

And how appropriate overcometh deathl" Hurt were. of the That first

Their lives were taken from of life from God entered is very different. 1. It to

but not destroyed.

and a half the breath undoubtedly They could not be denied. . But the second death is destl'uction; in connection been driven perish, a demolition. soul is destroued, forth Body restored

it must be overcome, if you would secure yourself against the second death. By the solemnity of the first death, by resurrection, and throne, from it. the judgment Jesus of the great white "Flee from the alone can save you be placed implicitly in under His banner,we appeal to you 1

into them, and they stood upon their feet." a pulling down, a causing

their lives in it.

But here they have assurance (" Whosoever will lose hateth his life in

of a joyful resurrection, mortality

This word is never used (2.) The death, and fate. is, the life which had the shares first It is at last made to the same

his life for My sake shall find it,") and of Imbeyond, (" He that this world shall keep it unto life eternal.") Now, as to this" Second Death," let us con-

with the first death. That by

wrath to come!"

Let your trust

at resurrection.

Himl If you are His,-enlisted then"

sider,-1. The Fact of it; Il. The Nature of it; cease. 3. The Ill. The Escape from it. When the life is I. THE FACT: T HERE IS TO BE A SECOND ruptible, goes to DEATH. We all know, by sad experience, of a not perish; but, First. "None " It is appointed unto men once to die." to die, but all must. can keep alive his own soul." 4. This grave: and
OCCUj'S

take unto you the whole armour of God, "Fight

H

destroyed, the body, being corcorruption. in hell. The atoms may Not in Hades, rest." the as a body, it ceases to exist.

that ye may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil." the good fight of faith; lay hold on eternal life 1 "
To him that overcometh A crown of life shall be ; He with the King of glory Shall reign eternally."

No one, (if sane,) desires

" There the wicked cease from troubling; there the weary be at But in Lincoln.

THE
CONDITIONAL IMMORTALITY.
a moment

BIBLE

STANDARD.
most

91
It is Jehovah's pleasure, of His grace, To tnrn on thee once more His smiling face, And pour His richest blessings on thy raceLoved still. Men of the Jewish race-though long accursedLrJOk up" The knell of thy long slavery has rungLook up. Elohim's wrath is past, His spirit longs To lift thy curse, and break from thee the bonds That Gentile hate has forged, with ceaseless wrongsLook up. Historic nation, hear 1 Jehovah speaksH Give up!" None shall withhold when He, their Sovereign, "Give up 1 " willsThat sovereign word goes forth both "north" and" sonth " : "Keep not back," "Bring my sons from far," their wealth, "And my daughters from the ends of the earth""Give up! " Tribe of the wandering foot and weary eyeBelieve, That in His Advent F'irst, MESSIAH came!Believe. And that He comes the Second Time to Reign. Upon King David's throne to rule benign, Forgive thy sins, and make thy virtues shineBelieve. Edit01'. Maloern,

of such existence is a thought

PART VI.
By
SARAH MAGRUDER, VIRGINIA, U.S.A.

appaling to contemplate. The man who

In such a period, one to take from the

would seem to live an eternity! attempts terrific character of this scene must remember that he incurs 19. the curse recorded in Rev. xxii. away from the If any man sha}l take

A
Jew;

GREAT 'effort has been made on the one side to give .more than the obvious meaning in order to those greater whose than punishment other would the Heathen and hand,

to such words as destroy and punish, involve in future benevolence it and on the

words of the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part out of the Book of life, and out of the holy city and from the things are written in this Book! " Onr Reviewer objects to us that we make Christ the author of the misery of the damned. We certainly do regard their not consider it the fault The increased inseparable wilt mitted the Prayer-book authority, condition as a conbut we do but of the were sequence of the offer of the Gospel: of Christ, sinner himself, that he has rejected it. light and responsibility says, "We from the Gospel scheme, and when believe that Thou it has hath good comjndge," which

seem, is

God's, have laboured with the utmost to cause such phrases as "hell-fire," brimstone," teeth"

assiduity "fire and

"weeping, wailing and gnashing of Those who thus remember when employ themother

to mean something less terrible than the how they have dissustaining to such sayings as

words import. selves, should tinguished positious,

themselves,

by the adhesion

the fullowing: "If any man speak, let him speak as the Oracles of God," Speak of Bible things in Bible words." "G,?d says what He the Holy Spirit used means, and means what He says." If it be claimed, that figurative language we ask did He use it to deceive or that it might give a clearer idea of the truth than way in which any other words could convey? to teach truth. Words may It has been well said, that a figure is the safest change in their signification but acts never can. Burial and birth will each convey the same idea they now do, through our Lord, "How all time. Tbe words of oft would I have gathered

come to be our all judgment

for, the Bible says, "He

unto the Son;"

and St.

Paul says the Gospel is "a life, or of death unto death."

saver of life unto

Whilst we are told that God's "mercy endureth for ever" and are exhorted by the" meekness and gentleness of Christ," we are told on the other hand that" Our God is a consuming fire." The

"THE

MEiVIORY

OF THE

JUST

IS

BLESS'D." Tune:

Lusher's Hymn.

attributes of both mercy and severity are eternal elements in the character of God. The general idea of sin seems to be, that it is an unforeseen dilemma into which man has fallen, and under the circumstances better, if He could. What God has done the a weak God! best He could for him, and would have done " Thinkest thou that I am altogether such a one as thyself? " God's scheme was never intended to save in their such as should not be willing will. True," to be saved:

of just is His name is ever THE memoryaidedthe fragrant.bless'd; He who hath the distressed Leaves an example radiant. Thongh in the grave his dust may lie, His deeds of kindness never die: By these he is remembered. Great is the mystery of life: The good and noble-hearted Are often stricken iu the strife, And soonest from us parted. Hut God hath graciously ordained, The names of these shall be retained, And lovingly remembered. And if to men these men are dear, Surely the Lord will own them; And, when in clouds He doth appear, Shall at His side enthrone them. Their spirit being like His own, Unto the Saviour they are known, And shall be then remembered. If now we in that Saviour trnst, And aim at His perfection. We shall attain, with all the just, A joyful resurrection. Within His glorious Kingdom then It shall be ours, by God and men, Ever to be remembered. Lincoln. Georqe P.il1ackay.

thee together, as a hen doth gather her chickens under her wings," so long as it is the instinct of the hen' to do thus, ness on Christ's teach. Our part, must ever convey to us which He designed to and monumental the most impulsive idea of that love and tenderSaviour Himself, in baptism

the Lord's supper, has established endures. "weepi'ng, The phrases "fire

institutions, which will last as long as the Church and brimstone," of teeth," if import, wailing, and gnashing

other words, men are not saved against

He takes no, pleasure in the death not that have to go He desired to have That to He wished to contrary do, for it right,

of the wicked," because He desired him to have acted otherwise; could not wonld be do or desiring been able to have acted otherwise.

they do not mean what they literally would not be true. whether

mean something just as bad, or the word of God It avails us little to know equivalent, be the doom they or their

of the wicked, either or both are bad enough, We can think of nothing in all the fearful words describing terrible cursed, the dread scene of the last day so "Depart darkness! " separation from me, ye very as the words into outer

which is synonymous with the character of God. (1'0 be continued.)

THOUGHTS
"GIVE

IN
UP."

VERSE.

The

thought of an irreparable ness, where our associates

from God of

whilst yet in existence, and this in thick darkmay be demons every imaginable form and vilness, in proximity we know not how near, or numbers we know not how great, gives to no "fire the mind a degree of or any terror that part 1 In this state, utterly separated from God, even and brimstone"

clearly known and well-defined suffering can im-

RIBE of the wandering foot and weary eyeReturn. "Thy Maker and thy Husband calls for thee,"Return. To thine own land, that mourns the Turk's stern greed; And which of teeming treasure gives scant meed To any hand but thine, of Abram's seedReturn. People of God: His nation loved of oldLoved still. Though sore thy punishment-for great thy sinLoved still.

"THY

SAINTS Tune:

SHALL BLESS Huddersfield.

THEE."
S.lI!.

sonl grateful My Aloudin Hisheaven jo!,sing: praise" Whose praises and earth Thy Saviour and thy King!

employ-

All power to Him is given Who triumph'd o'er the grave! All power in earth and all in heaven, Almighty then to save!

92
He hath redeemed my soul, On earth He can forgive; And shall I not His grace extol? When by that grace I live! When dark my devious way; And, faint, I scarce pursue: The strength is given for the day, Which still preserves me through! He hath my strength renew'd, . And doth my life restore! Oh! for a heart with grace imbued To serve Him evermore! Kept ever by His power, " I never will forsake I " When garrisou'd in such a tower, What can the promise break? Awake, then, heart and lyre! Let every string awake! Join in the strain, ye trembling He never will forsake!

THE BIBLE

STANDARD.
banished, be not expelled from Him. means shut out without any For, notice, expelled,

choir-

Spread, then, abroad His fame, Who intercedes on high! Together let us praise His Name; Messiah magnify I Blackburn, Albe1t Smith.

the right. hand of God (llfark xvi. 19). And He is there alone of men (Heb. ix. 7, 12,24, 28). We are quoting passages recorded of the Spirit since the resurrection of Christ, at which time the author contends believers ceased to go into Hades, or to die. (2.) Only in the same sense as He is with His two's or three's who meet for praise or prayerby the Holy Spirit. Thus He is everywhere. In His own glorified person, however, He is in heaven. As a Christian death is recorded at stated intervals of some 23 seconds, it is manifestly absurd to suppose Christ personally present there at-as He could have then no other occupation. (3.) And if I go and prepare a place for you, I am coming again, and will receive you to Myself, so that where I am you also may be." 1 his mentions only one coming-not one every 23 seconds. That this promise has its fulfilment in the personal advent of the" last days," as recorded in 1 These. iv. 17, there can be little doubt,

to be banished, means a return again;

hope of return;

thus, by the means devised man is brought back to God; that is, from death, restored from death to life. I say again, what a beautiful picture of This woman's idea expelled from God was death, means,"-a death and the resurrection. of banishment for ever.

from God, put from God after death, and that Devise plan arranged Thus this woman, She of by which banished man might again come back to God after he was banished. from believing in the death of man and his resurrection death, leaves no room for doubt. the presence could only believe in the resurrection again from death to life into or coming

God. I pass on to notice in 1 Kinq ii. 2, the words of David, a man who tripped by the way truly, but whose longings after God are unequalled among men. On his death-bed he only said," I," David, "go the way of all the earth." Not one expression of a present future home; of expectation not a word of going to serve God in another

THE RESURRECTION
PART IV. By

&

THE LIFE.

QUESTION COLUMN.
IS MAN MORTAL'? C.E.D. (London) asks two questions :-(1.)" If man is MORTAL, is it not strange that God should threaten him with death if he disobeyed? (2.) If man is MORTAL, how can the devil be said to have told the truth when he said Ye shall not surely die? ' " As immortal means" exempt from death," so mortal strictly means "subject to death." It is clear, therefore, that the latter term cannot he strictly applied to Adam before the Fall. And it is not so applied. But, however, as it would be folly to call him immortal or " exempt from death," in the face of the warning and sentence of God, "Dying, thou shalt die," "Dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return," we have to use the mOI'e consistent term mortal, in the sense of capable of dying. This truly defines Adam's position-capable of life or death, immortality or mortality, but meantime strictly speaking neither mortal nor immortal. It may be our dulness, but we utterly fail to see the point of the second querv, Perhaps our querist will enlighten us as to his meaning? DO BELIEVERS DIE? H.C, (Crewe) writes :-" On page 31 of Irnmortal Life; The Golden Thread and Special Teaching of St. John's Gospel," I read, There is no death when Jesus is in the chamber of the dying.' (1.) Do not all believers die as really and as truly as other men die? (2.) Is Jesus present in the chamber of every dying saint? (3.) On page 38 there is reference to John xiv. 3. This-according to the above-is a coming at death. I had supposed that these words of our Lord pointed to the same event as 1 T'hess, iv. 17. Have I been mistaken? " (1.) The Word seems clear enough upon this point: "For as by Adam all die" (1 CO?'.xv. 22) : "Blessed are those dead who die in the Lord" (Rev. xiv. 13). We personally fail to understand the above author's subtle distinction between a psuche-life which goes down to the grave, and a zoe- ife which mounts to Christ in Paradise-except as the latter "is hid with Christ in God" (Col. iii. 3). At most this new life of the Spirit is but a germ more or less imperfectly developed, having no recorded organism until resurrection, and cannot therefore be the person. Moreover, if in Paradise, Christ is not now there but in heaven, where He sitteth at

ISHALL,
"thou

MARIA GELLETLY.

therefore next pass on to 1 Som. xxiv. 11, and notice what David said to Saul "Yet," says David, Now, it by slaying

when Saul was in his power, to kill or keep alive, and when he spared him. huntest my soul to take it." Nay rather,

state. And of Solomon, his son, it is said, " He slept with his fathers" (1 Kings xi. 43). Also (1 Kings xvii. 17-24) to life, or rather anyone we find the widow's son die while Elishs was with her, whom he raised God raised to life again at the We can hardly imagine as to want a friend or request of this holy man. being so foolish

could not be possible for Saul to take David's soul if it were immortal. David, Saul would have set his soul at liberty, and sent him home to God, to enjoy a life of pure and blessed holiness; part afterwards, against God. and would have rid him of that him s 0 grievously sin of him which so often tripped by the way made In 1 Sam: xxv. 29, Abigail speaks

child back to a life so full of troubles as this, and to die a second time, if they were fully aware their friend or child was not dead, but yonder in bliss with God, only rid of the perishable died and was buried. out leaving part. It is also stated in 2 Kings xiii. 20, that Elisha We find Elisha died withof a belief in his life. any testimony

of David's soul being bound in the bundle of life with the Lord God, and the soul of his enemies being slung out as out of the middle of a sling, which in both instances means life; and if only life, and the soul lives without that life, why call life soul, and soul life, if they be things so apart? Turn to 2 Sam, xiv. 14, and notice the besutiful idea of death and life again expressed by the wise woman of Tekoah. ground that cannot be She says, "For gathered we must needs die, and are as water spilt upon the up again. Neither doth God respect any person, yet doth he devise means that His banished be not expelled from Him." Notice, in the first clause, the necessity die;" linked to the fact, and in "we must needs and If death the second, the complete

nobler being still living in another of Hezekiah who trusted

Then pass on to 2 Kings xviii. 5, where we read in the Lord God of Israel, so that after him was none like him among all the kings of Israel, nor any that were before him. Now, we find it recorded of him, when told said the "thou shalt die and not live,"-that by Isaiah to set his house in order-for, prophet, Hezekiah referred

wept sore because he was to die, and to his useful life as a plea to the Lord of the same. Now, had

for a continuance

Hezekiah expected to be in the fuller, nay, in the direct presence of the Lord in whom he trusted, away from the gross and false worship of treacherous Israel, would he have wept? clay, to be rid of a world of sin? wept to have exchanged eternal happiness, eternal bliss? Would

entire havoc of that which death blasts.

only strewed like water the body of man, leaving him yet a living man, there would be need for no regret that it could not be gathered up' again, seeing the shell of anything signifies little, if that which the shell held be safe. This woman goes God had not that is, from banished, on to say, in the third place, that exempted any from this destruction, death.

he have wept, I repeat, to be rid of the burdened Would he have life, Would he have for these, eternal

wept to leave a world wherein dwelt wickedness, to dwell in one wherein Hezekiah, dwelt righteousness? his bonds sweet, if I may so speak, prefers

And lastly, she says, though

yet He, God, devised means by which man, His to his liberty,

prefers the bitter to the

THE
prefers a living death to a life of life, that is, if death brings real life in which there is no death to the child of God, that is, if death throws open the door and lets the man in, if it shuts him for ever away from every possible hurt. (To be continued.)

BIBLE

STANDARD.

93
middle of the night to baptize a child that was dying.' 'Were you in time?' asked my friend. 'Just,' was the reply; another half minute, and I should have been too late!' 'And if you had been, what then?' 'Why, then, I suppose, the poor little thing would have been lost.' , Eternally? ' 'Well, yes, according to our belief.' 'May I ask what sort of boots you wear?' said my friend. ' Boots? Elastic-sided, always. 'Now, suppose you wore laced, and they had taken two minutes to put on, the child would have been dead, and-lost eternally, ay? ' , That's a peculiar view of the question; I must think over my position.' Two days after, the clergyman met my friend and said, 'I have thought that matter over, and must alter my view. The boots did it.' "-Spectator. So this poor child was saved from the dread horrors named in previous note, simply by the difference between a pair of elastic or laced boots. Ecclesiastical rubbish! @'" "The W esleyan Conference has lately. issued a revised edition of the Catechism, 'No. 1., for children of tender years.' It is instructive to compare this revision with the former work. The old catechism has been in use in the Connexion more than sixty years, authorised and published by the Conference; the new one comes forth under the same authority. "With the exception of an additional section, headed 'Of J eeus Christ and little children,' and some slight alteration of arrangement, the work of revision has been principally exercised in the fifth section, with the following result :FORMER EDITION. REVISED EJ;)lTION.

NOTES, . NEWS,

AND REVIEWS.

~ "EpOCHS OF THE PAPACY, rom its Rise to f the Death of Pope Pius IX. in 1878. By the Rev. A. R. Pennington, M.A. London: George Bell & Sons, York Street, Covent Garden." We have read with great pleasure this able and valued work. Its plan-to divide the history of the Papacy into distinctive epochs-is an excellent one, very helpful to the reader. We give a brief digest of its opening parts.-Rome's claim as universal Bishop. Shown from Apostolic age that Peter's primacy was simply that of order, not of honour-first among equals. This naturally also true of the Church at Rome-as the Church of the Metropolis of Christendombut only as a primacy of O1'der-to which also entitled by its greater devotedness and love. This all that was at first allowed to Rome; its actual supremacy, in the person of its Bishop, not having been conceded until a much later period. Traces the gradual encroachment of the Papacy, from the honour given to the Metropolitan Bishopric, to the claim-generally allowed by the 5th century-as the See and successor of St. Peter. The decree of Phocas, A.D.606, confirming its title. The slow but sure and presumptuous claims of the Papacy to universal temporal as well as spiritual sovereignty. The spurious Donation of Constantine, and the false Decretals. Comparative success of these claims to absolute dominion. The marvellous power of St. Bernard in moving the hearts and minds of men. The conflict between the Papacy and Arnold, of Brescia, with the burning of the latter by Adrian IV. The long struggle for temporal power between the Emperor, Frederick Barbarossa, and the above Pope. Continued with Pope Alexander Ill. Ending in the triumph of the Papacy, and the humiliation of the Empire. The meridan of Papal power, 1198 to 1282. The final conflict between it, under Gregory IX. and the Emperor Frederick n., in which the Imperial crown became a fief of the Church. The rise of the Mendicant Orders, and their enormous influence in building up the arrogant claims of the Papacy. Inception of a Sixth Crusade by Pope Gregory X. Its failure, by his death. Commencement of the setting of the sun of the Papacy, under Martin IV., with the tragedy of the Sicilian Vespers.-This is a fair sketch of the earlier part of the book. We advise our readers who have no trustworthy history of the Western Antichrist, to add this latest addition to the literature of the subject to their libraries. ~ "IMMORTALLIFE: The Golden Thread and Special Teaching of St. John's Gospel, according to the Revised Version. By the Rev. W. Griffith. London: F. Southwell, 19, Paternoster Row. Malvern: Cyrus E. Brooks, Malvern Link. Price 6d." This pamphlet of 55 pages is but an instalment of a larger work which is in the Press. It consists of two chapters: the first "On the Introduction and First Preaching of the Doctrine of Immortal Life by St. John; " the second" On the preservation of Immortal Life through the dissolution of natural death." The author fully carries our judgment with him in his proof that John's Gospel is primarily the Gospel of "Immortal Life only in Christ." But on his attempt to show that it also clearly teaches the actual, personal

possession thereof as a New Birth in this life, which exempts its possessor from the Adamic penalty of the First Death, save as it affects merely the animal body and its life, we are constrained to write "NOT PROVEN." In the former teaching the trumpet gives a certain, but in the latter uncertain, sound. To those of our readers, however, who believe in Immortality at Conversion rather than at Resurrection-which latter seems to us the true teaching of the Word -we heartily commend this pamphlet; also to any others who may wish to see a temperate, earnest, and thoughtful exposition of what can be said-from St. John's Gospel-for the teaching of life in death. ~ "FOOD FOR THINKINGCHRISTIANS.Why Evil was Permitted, and kindred Topics. Free Supplement to 'Zion's Watch Tower,' Pittsburgh, Pa.' This work of 162 pages is in many ways unique. It is (practically) an attempt to harmonise "Conditional Immortality" and "The Larger Hope." It stoutly maintains, however, nearly all the gracious truths of the first-named doctrine, together with the Advent, but makes a distinction between those who receive immortal life, and those who receive everlasting life: In resurrection all men are to be restored to the blessings of a perfect Adamic life, which will continue to be enjoyed as long as obedience is rendered to the Divine will. Whilst contending that the race as a whole will be thus restored to life and joy, it admits that some will suffer the death of the Gehenna of fire-not in continued life, but absolute extinction. It contains much that is sound and valuable, and, though we cannot accept all its conclusions, there is enough of precious truth therein to make us rejoice in its wide and gratuitous distribution. A correspondent writes that 700,000 copies have beeu freely distributed in America and London; and a Scotch correspondent writes, saying, "20,000 copies have been distributed iu Edinburgh, and 40,000 in Glasgow." Whilst differing in judgment on some points, we hail this enormous distribution of Life and Advent literature as a striking "Sign of the Times." If any of our readers are unable to obtain copies, we have a few we can send for value of postage=-one penny stamp each. Should the applicants be too numerous, we will endeavour to obtain a parcel; delay in forwarding must be thus interpreted. ~ "THE REDEMPTION MAN. By Verax. OF London: W. Poole, 12a, Paternoster Row. Price 4d." A well-meaning but painfully-weak imitation of the Immortal Tinker and Glorious Dreamer-Bunyan. It is, however, a gross breach of that charity which "hopeth all things," for the author to class Unitarian Christians amongst the servants and officers of Satan, in the same company as Messrs. Drink, Ease, Unbelief, and Resistance. ~ " DOESMANLIVEFOREVER, or Perish like the Beast ? By F. W. G. London: W. B. Horner, 26, Paternoster Square. Price Id." Written in a good spirit-a striking contrast to the majority of our opponents-but asserting most strongly the natural immortality of man; declaring the Scriptures to be full of such teaching, yet (strangely enough [? J) producing no single passage in proof, Such works, however, have their use. They confirm thoughtful men in their conviction of the utter weakness and unscripturalness of the popular fiction. ~ "A few years ago, a friend of minethere is no harm now in telling this story, as the superstition referred 0 in it is exploded, if not everywhere, certainly among your readerswas taking a country walk with a friend, a clergyman, when the latter suddenly wheeled round, his face towards home, with the remark, 'Let us go back, I'm tired; was called up in the

Section 5. Of heaven and hell. 1. What sort of a place is hell ? Hell is a dark and bottomless pit, full of fire and brim.stone. 2. How will the wicked be punished there? The wicked will be punished inhell by having their bodies tormented by Iire, and their souls by a sense of the wrath of God. 3. How long will these torments last? The torments of hell will last for ever and ever. 4. Where will believers go after death? After death, believers will go to heaven, &c.

Section 5. Of Judgment, and the F'uture Stat e, 1. Will all men be judged hereafter? Yes; we must all be judged at the last day. 2. Who will be the judge of all men? Our Lord Jeans Christ who died for us, will be the Judge of all men,.' S. What will become of the wicked after the day of Judgment? They shall go away into everlasting punishment. . 4. Where will the wicked be punished? In hell. 5. What will become of. the rightecue after death. ? The rignteous aball go mto everlasting life, &0.

Christian World. So, as a friend wri~es, "t~e Wesleyans have been quietly tinkering their creed." We are thankful to find th~t even the "lon"est creed in Christendom" IS deemed capable of amendment, and that one of the most conservative of religious organiaationa has n?t been able to escape the force of a growmg ~ubhc opinion. We trust the Conference will .go further and as it has relieved the children of tts members of' a bugbear, so that it will relieve its members and its ministers by no longer .req uiring their adhesion to the revolting d~ctrme which has too long been laid upon theIr consciences.
13'" At the dedication of the New Greek Church, London, W., the usual custom was observed of the officiating clergy knocking from outside at the closed doors of the edifice, saying "Lift up your heads, U ye gates, and the King of glory shall com.e in." To 'Yhich an .officer from within replied, Who IS the King of glory?" The response followed, the doors were opened, and the procession entered. This looks painfully like a parody of one of David's sublime Messianic Psalms (xxiv.), to such as attach a grandly literal and not merely spiritual interpretation thereto.

94
WORK AND
HOME. NOTTINGH.l.M.-A correspondent sends the following extract from the IIIidland Sunbeam of February 16, taken from its report of a serO::on delivered in the Albert Hall, by the Rev. Fred Bell, on Feb. 5. "At this peculiar and somewhat spe.culative .stage, with regard to my theology, whilst I believe all the terribleness-such as I have described-'Yill overtake the poor sinner, yet I am not a believer in the eternal suffering of the wicked. I should like to ask who could serve such a God, if He could create'the human family-:-and, w~ilst He does not take delight, yet He rs conscious of the fact that millions are writhing after having been made-fireproof in everlasting burning; yet I feel sure that the res~lt of rejecting Christ will be something te!nble to endure, and to contemplate, if the Wicked are to meet a final death as terrible as.I have described,-and, be assured, the final death for" the v:ages of sin is death," and how ca~ death be life ?-but oh! to reach death from the rejection of Jesus! I do not wonder that the cry will .be raised "The harvest is past, the summer lS ended, and I am not saved."

THE
WITNESS.

BIBLE

STANDARD.
singing appropriate selections from Moody and Sankey's Hymns. The meeting showed that real and lasting progress had been made during the year. The Sunday school enjoyed a trip to Mangere on the day after Christmas-day. About 300 in all gathered on the farm of the Editor. The children had a lunch and tea, provided by the Church. The day was one of the finest, and all seemed to thoroughly enjoy the outing."-New Zealand Bible Standard.

\ of Nottingham,) and J. Williamson, M.A., (Congregationalist.) Votes of thanks, proposed by Messrs. Mackay, Rowlatt, Medley and Bausor, with the doxology, closed an exceedingly happy meeting. All the friends worked with a will to make the Anniversary enjoyable. The ladies of the Sewing Society had a stall for the sale of useful and fancy articles; and amongst other things, both books aud pamphlets relating to Bible Standard subjects. The Members of the Choir, under the able leadership of Mr. Milner, did good service on Tuesday evening by their tuneful rendering of three Anthems. Neurport Hall Baptist Church.-This new Church reports excellent congregations, under the ministry of the Rev. B. B. Wale, and a manifest eagerness to hear and profit amongst both stated hearers and strangers. On March 2, a Lecture was given by the pastor on " The Wisdom and Goodness of God as displayed in the Constitution and Manifold Uses of the Atmosphere." There was a large and delighted audience. The Church has decided to remove to larger premises, and has therefore secured the Sunday use of the Masonic Hall-a large and central building-the services in which will commence on April 2nd.

CORRESPONDENCE.
A GENEROUS OFFER. 62, Maida Vale, London, TV. DEARSm,-As I sit in the Book-room and look around on the shelves, I feel grieved at the large amount of useful literature which has been lying idle for years, and which ought to be circulating and bringing glory to the Master. I beg to propose the following plan: That the friends of the-truth, in each locality throughout the kingdom, should unite and send me their joint contribution of (say) 5s. or 10s., and I would send them in return a parcel of Books and Tracts, the quantity of which would surprise them. They might then sell amongst their friends and neighbours to the amount of their purchase, and give the rest away: then, if possible, begin again. By this simple means they would accomplish three useful purposes-(l). Clear off our surplus stock; (2.) Spread the knowledge of the Life and Advent; (3.) Increase the Funds, both locally and of the Association. As the friends would have to pay carriage, they will please state cheapest route, and if at a great distance extra value will be given to reduce the expense. Who will write first, and report progress and set the ball rolling ?-Yours truly, RoDERTJ. HAMMOND. [We have hearty pleasure in inserting the above letter, and trust that many of our readers will go a little out of tbeir wayif need be-in meeting the wishes of our esteemed Treasurer. Men of Israel, help! The time is brief, and much work remains to be done. -ED. B.S.] A WELL-FOUNDED COMPLAINT. from DEARSm,-I herewith one of our daily papers enclose a clipping

1:'

OXFORD.-" I greatly value your paper and should be glad of .two or three more copies monthly for circulation. The doctrine of 'Life only in Christ' is evidently making its way in the country; notWithstanding the opposition of professional teachers and the attempts of the press to burk all discussion, it continues to spread, and we may hope that both this truth and the ultimate restoration of Israel may be taken l!~ t~'ue Christians, notwithstanding by. t~e spmtualizmg philosophy of the day. I Wish the darkness of Oxford could be illuminated and that some stirring Evangelist could see his way to make this place a centre of labour. There must be some Members of the University who would come to the front if the occasion presented."-C. U.

BLACKDURN.-" Thanks for your kind enquiries concerning my estate, in answer to which I can only say I have been rather worse in health during tbe last month, owing, my friends think, to too great exertions made by me on' behalf of the truth. It is however a pleasurable work, and I only wish I could do more than I do i~ turning men from darkness to light, from unphilosophic and traditional immortality to that glorious hope of immortality to be obtained" in the name" given amongst men. We have started a series of cottage lectures in the town; and I think they will be productive of good results. Two young men have just given in their names as candidates for immersion and immortality. A pamphlet has been published in the town against our truths; but I hope as soon as my health permits, to reply to LINCOLN.-Mint Lane Chapel.-The Anniverto it in print, as I am doing in my lectures."sary Services in connection with this place were A.S. held. on Sunday, February 26th. Mr. George RRADFORD.-Temperance Hall.-We are glad Aldndge! of Bradford, being the preacher for the to report that the Church worshipping in this day. His texts were "The Righteousness of hall, and which so nobly entertained the last God," (Rom. i.17.) and ,. Blessed are the meek: Conference, has formed a Branch Association for they shall inherit the earth," (Matt. v. 5.) for Bradford and district. We have received The sermons were full of truth and energy the subscriptions of 42 members, which makes The .morning congregation was good, and th~ it, numerically, the strongest of our affiliated even:mg one very large. In the afternoon a Associations. A supply of literature has been ~ervlCe for scholars, teachers and friends was held ordered, and an earnest desire is being evinced m the chape~, when addresses were delivered by to do good service in tbe cause of truth. Tte Messrs. Aldndge, Bausor, (School SuperintenSecretary is Mr. Walter Olark, 6, Exeter-street, dent,) Clayton, (a useful worker lately led to Bradford, Yorks. the truth ~f " Life in Christ";) Smith, ( Sunday CHELTENHAM.-Regent-st1eet Chapel.-On school Union Secretary,) and by the Pastor of Sunday, March 12, the Rev. J. Manley Camp, the Church. The annual Tea meeting, on Tuesday, the of London, S.E., delivered two splendid dis28th, was a great success, over 330 friends sat courses in this chapel to fair congregations. d?wn to a substantial tea, provided, and pre- On the Monday he also gave a stirring Tempersided over by the ladies ot the Church and con- ance Oration, the chapel being moderately full. gregation. At the Public Meeting, which follow- Capt. St. Clair Ford, J.P., presided. ed, the Secretary, (Mr. W. Bausor,) read the report SCOTLAND.-From the Messenger we gather of the wo!k of the past year. It was of a very that the Churches in Edinburgh (Union Hall, encouraging nature, and made the whole of the 98, South Bridge) and Glasgow (Camp bell evening cheerful and bright. God is manifestly Arcade Hall, 74, Trongate) are putting forth working with His servants here. The attenearnest endeavours, by lectures, to make the dance at the services week by week is extremely truth known and felt in those towns. The good; the financial condition of the Church is latter beld its Annual Social Meeting on Feb. 4. sound; and the spiritual state affords cause for COLONIAL. thankfulness and hope. In 1881 thirty. two Were received into tbe fellowship; five have been NEW ZEALAND.-Auckland.-" The Church received in Jan.~and Feb. 1882; and ten others worshipping at the Temperance Hall has during are before the Church as candidates to be the last month received several members into The New Year's Tea for the re?eived in March . After the report, very ad- its communion. mirable and helpf~addresses were given by the members was held on Jan. 5. The tables were Chairman, Mr. Sheriff Vickers, and by the Revs. all full, and the after-meeting was well attended. 1. J. Hardy, (~rilnitive Methodist,) E. Compton A number of the brethren spoke; on topics of (General Baptist.] E. Medley, B.A., (Baptist, interest. The choir rendered good. service by

"FOUR JOHN BROWNS, NOT BROWNS OF Brown, Jones, and Bobinson, Lecture by .. ',Congregational Church ... Tuesday, March 7. Chair taken at 7-30 ... Admission Sixpence."

It is as you will see, an advertisement of a Lecture to be delivered by an eminent divine. Of coarse I can say nothing about the lecture itself, but you will conclude with me that the title of it does appear strange for a man occupying such a position. Can we wonder that such an amount of ignorance of the Scriptures exist amongst professing Christians, when their leaders put forth such twaddle," on such occasions; and I may say that nearly all the lectures given by the Anniversary Preachers" are of a simiiar type to this. Bible subjects either from the Old or New Testament are scarcely ever the subjects chosen; nay, I am told that were the subject of the lecture on the, Scriptures, they would not get a good audience, shame, yea a thousand times shame; let us give our Blessed Lord no rest until he comply with our earnest request, Even so come Lord Jesus, come quickly."111. S., Newcastle.

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