2 nd International TT-TVET EU-Asia-Link project Meeting, VEDC Malang Table 9 : Employment by Major Occupational Group, 2000-2010 ( 000 Persons)

Needs in Technical and Vocational Education and Training System in Malaysia As a middle income country, Malaysia economy is an investment-economic growth. It willconcentrate on the manufacturing and the outsourcers service export. It will have production ofhigh value-added goods and services. The technology drive n in Malaysia is importedtechnologies. The competition based mainly on efficienc y in producing standard products. Highquality is technology advanced, and the fl exible production becomes more important, but thetechnology and design is largel y still imported. The challenges in this investment-economic growth are to attr act foreign directinvestment and to link the national economy with the internati onal production systems and theglobal economy. Due to these challenges, a univer sal secondary education, deepening onvocational and technical education, particu larly at post secondary technician levels should bearranged. It is also needed t o up-skill the labour force through life-long learning to retool andupdate skill s. The broaden skills require is also including teamwork, communications andprob lem-solving (Schwab et al., 2002). 11 2 nd International TT-TVET EU-Asia-Link project Meeting, VEDC Malang Mustapha et al. (2001) indicated that Malaysia was short of skilled workers to m eet thedemands of economic growth. In the industrial sectors, the ratio is one e ngineer to threetechnicians to 20 operators (1:3:20) (Asian Development Bank Rep ort, 1999). However, with therecent development in new technologies and the need for workers with intensive knowledge andhigh skills, the demand for the workfor ce structure has changed. The ratio is one engineer to fivetechnicians to twelve operators (1:5:12). According to Asian Development Bank (2004),developing count ries are not ready to move towards becoming a knowledge-based economy ifthe numb ers of low skilled workers are large. Economic growth at this stage witnesses an acceleration of demand for skills particularly at the higher levels, technicians and above and acorresponding decline in demand for unskilled or low-skilled pro duction workers and craftsman(Figure 1). Figure 1: Economic Labour Force for Industrializing Economy. Source: Asian Development Bank (2004).Improving Technical Education and Vocation al Training Strategies for Asia This transformation is also been supported by Wan Seman (2005) that indicated th enumber of semiskilled, skilled and highly skilled or multiskilled worker should be increased (Figure2). The transitional phase towards Vision 2020 is the phas e to transform the developingeconomy of Malaysia becoming developed economy with high-quality skilled workers to supportthe industrializing economy. This conclu de a high demand for TVET system in Malaysia. 12 2 nd International TT-TVET EU-Asia-Link project Meeting, VEDC Malang

27 July 2006 Human Resources Policy Division, MHRMalaysia13 M alaysian W orkforce Transform at ion Technologist (23% ) Highly Skilled/Multi-skilledSkilledSemiskilled(23%)Unskilled Wo rke rs t o Pr o fe s s i o na ls DevelopingEconom yDeveloped Econom y (60% + Skilled W orkers) 2020 1975 Source : Mr. Reinhardt Sachs, German Consultant for Career &Technical Education Transitional Phase Skill Vacuum Figure 2: Malaysian Workforce Transformation Source: Wan Seman Wan Ahmad (2005). The New Sectors of Economic Growth: The Cont ributing Role of Technical and Vocational Education. Paper presented at National Technical & Vocational Education Conference, 11-12 January 2005, Crown Princess Hotel, K.L. References: Economic Planning Unit (2006), Ninth Malaysia Plan. Asian Development Bank (200 4).Improving Technical Education and Vocational TrainingStrategies for Asia ,htt p://www.adb.org/Publications. Md Jaffar Abdul Carrim (2006), Training employable graduates: innovation in training methodology . Paper presented at National Conference on Continuing TechnicalEducation & Traini ng 2006, Challenges in Technical Education and Training: EnhancingEmployability among Graduates 28-29 July 2006, The Katerina Hotel, Batu Pahat Johor Kamal Khir (2006), Training Approach for the Employability of Graduates: Critical Graduate Competen cies in the Changing World , Paper presented at National Conference onContinuing Technical Education & Trai ning 2006, Challenges in Technical Education andTraining: Enhancing Employabilit y among Graduates 28-29 July 2006, The KaterinaHotel, Batu Pahat Johor Kandan S aikon (2006), Marketable Curriculum in Technical Training , Paper presented atNational Conference on Continuing Technical Education & Traini ng 2006, Challenges inTechnical Education and Training: Enhancing Employability among Graduates 28-29 July2006, The Katerina Hotel, Batu Pahat Johor 13 2 nd International TT-TVET EU-Asia-Link project Meeting, VEDC Malang Schwab, Klaus, Michael Porter and Jeffrey Sachs, eds. 2002. The Global Competitiveness Report, 2001-2002 . Geneva: The World Economic Forum Zakaria Kasa and Ab. Rahim Bakar (2006), Vocational and Technical Education and Career Development: Malaysian Perspective s. Zakaria, A. (1988). Perceptions of industrial training and employability skills: A comparative study of the vocational schools and the MARA vocational institutes students in Malay sia .Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. http://www.moe.gov.my/tayang.p hp?laman=sek_teknik&bhs=enhttp://www.moe.gov.my/tayang.php?laman=sek_vokasional& bhs=enhttp://www.politeknik.edu.my/webjan06/02_english/ http://www.unikl.edu.my/ unikl/eng/ctl_overview.phpwww.emoe.gov.my www.emohr.gov.my

14 Technical & Vocational Education & Training (TVET) From Malaysia Perspective Download this Document for FreePrintMobileCollectionsReport Document Info and Rating Follow wahaboy Share & Embed Related Documents PreviousNext p. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. More from this user PreviousNext 4 p. 14 p. 70 p. 70 p. 2 p. 1 p. 6 p. Recent Readcasters Add a Comment