Republic of the Philippines Polytechnic University of the Philippines COLLEGE OF ECONOMICS, FINANCE & POLITICS DEPARTMENT OF BANKING AND

FINANCE Sta. Mesa, Manila

Concept of Research
(Methods of Research)

REPORTERS: ABRIL, JEROME S. DIAZ, AMOR VILORIA, JANNICA CLAIRE D.

PROFESSOR: DR. ESPIRITU, SEVERINO A.

Minutes of Report about Research

Date: Time: Venue:

21 November, 2011 10:30am 1:30pm PUP Sta. Mesa, 2nd Floor West Wing Room 216

Topic:CONCEPT OF RESEARCH

1. Definition of research 2. Benefits of doing research 3. Qualities of good research 4. Types and Classification of research a. Historical Research b. Descriptive Research c. Qualitative Research d. Experiment Research

I. Introduction The report about RESEARCH was discussed by Abril, Jerome, Diaz, Amor and Viloria, Jannica Claire. They were assigned by Dr. Espiritu, Severino to discuss the given topics.

II. Discussion Before we define what research is, we asked some questions first to our classmates and let them explain their answers. The following are the questions we asked from them: Does a term paper is a research? How about report and library paper? Is gathering or collecting of data and information from various sources with or without a definite goal is a research? Does research necessarily mean to conduct the first study of a certain phenomenon?

DEFINITION OF RESEARCH Derived from the middle French word recherch meaning To go about seeking A voyage to discovery. A systematized effort to gain new knowledge, a movement from the known to unknown. Find answer to the question and acquire knowledge.

According to WEBSTER Research is a careful, systematic, and scientific study and investigation in some field of knowledge.

According to THE PHILIPPINE STATISTICAL CENTER Research is a systematic investigation of something for the purpose of answering questions posed by the researcher.

According to HARRY SHAW Research is a long theme assigned in most college courses, which requires investigative reading.

According to FERMIN, et al. 2001 Research is a process of scientific thinking which is leads to the discovery of new ideas, facts, information, principles, methods and improvements, to establish the truth for conflicting issues as well as to find out solutions to an existing problem.

According to GOOD Research is a careful, critical, disciplined inquiry varying in the technique and method according to the nature and conditions of the problem identified, directed towards the clarification or resolution (or both) of a problem.

OBJECTIVE/BENEFITS OF DOING RESEARCH Through research, we can forecast the future Provides tools to look at the things in life objectively Gives advancement to wealth of human knowledge It can prove or disprove ideas or speculations It satisfies our curiosity Helps in decision making

QUALITIES OF GOOD RESEARCH

Original work Means that the Data /information you have gathered are taken from primary sources such as interviews, surveys or observations. the purpose of this is to find out what has been found out already An expert, systematic, and accurate The research must be accurately recorded, analyzed and interpreted carefully. Research should be structured with specified steps to be taken in a specified sequence in accordance with the well defined set of rules. Systematic characteristic of the research does not rule out creative thinking but it certainly does reject the use of guessing and intuition arriving at conclusions.

 Objective & logical This implies that research is guided by the rules of logical reasoning and the logical process of induction and deduction are of great value in carrying out research. Induction is the process of reasoning from a part to the whole whereas deduction is the process of reasoning from the premise. In fact, logical reasoning makes research more meaningful in the context of decision making. The findings & conclusions encoded must be based on the approved and accepted data

Patient & unhurriedly done Means that to have accurate encoded data everything must be studied carefully with patience because the time spends in a particular topic will be based on its kind. Critical Must be analyzed and interpreted carefully and accurately Controlled Variables are identified and controlled wherever possible Empirical It implies that research is related basically to one or more aspects of a real situation and deals with concrete data that provides a basis for external validity to research results. Replicable This characteristic allows research to be verified by replicating the study and thereby building a sound basis for decisions.

TYPES AND CLASSIFICATION OF RESEARCH

Historical Research Gathering data/ information pertinent to past condition, events, system, person or institution. Historians use primary sources and other evidence to systematically investigate a topic, and then to write histories in the form of accounts of the past.

Descriptive Research

In this type of research we are trying to answer the questions who, what, when, where and how of a specific topic. It describes and interprets what is. The main goal of this type of research is to describe the data and characteristics about what is being studied.

Qualitative Research

It emphasizes the importance of looking at variables in the natural setting in which they are found. It deals with the quality, type, or components of a group, substance, or mixture, whose methods are applied to advertising audience research in order to determine the quality of audience responses to advertising.
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Qualitative research is exploratory in nature and uses procedures such as in-depth interviews and focus group interviews to gain insights and develop creative advertising tactics.

Experiment Research The researcher manipulates at least one independent variable and observes the effect on one or more independent variables. A controlled manipulation of events, designed to produce observations that confirm or disconfirm one or more rival theories or hypotheses. To experiment is to put questions to nature, and the experimental method is contrasted with the passive acceptance of whatever observations happen along. The method is characteristic of modern natural science. However, a discipline (such as history) may be pursued with greater or less objectivity and success without being able to avail itself of the experimental method.

II. Close The reporters thanked the class for their participation, cooperation and attentively listening to the discussion.

THANK YOU!

DATE SUBMITTED: December 7, 2011

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