The Underhand ape

Sefrioui Mohamed Zakaria

Syllabus
Introduction What induces people to become corrupt? The state of corruption around the world How can we ght corruption? Conclusion
Sefrioui Mohamed Zakaria

What is corruption?

Introduction
Corruption is a plague raging since antiquity Corruption is the use of legislated powers by ofcials for illegitimate private gain Forms of corruption vary, but include bribery, extortion,cronyism, nepotism, patronage, graft, and embezzlement

Sefrioui Mohamed Zakaria

Introduction
This drain on society is the direct cause of the abandon of thousands of projects all around the world This is why we should ght it, and in order to ght it, we rst have to understand it A lot of studies have been conducted to determine the reasons and some solutions to this phenomenon
Sefrioui Mohamed Zakaria

What induces people to become corrupt ?

Sefrioui Mohamed Zakaria

What induces people to become corrupt ?

Power :
Empowered people are prone to cheating Power inuences the way we think and makes us hypocritical People cheat but dont accept others to cheat Its effect is comparable to alcohol and causes some kind of moral myopia Civil war in the 16th century in france ( the aristrocratic clans)
Sefrioui Mohamed Zakaria

What induces people to become corrupt ?

Psychological distance and the role of intermediaries:
The intermediary removes uncertainty, creates an illusion of shared responsability and reduces the risk of punishment

Cultural contagion :
People from countries where corruption is at high level are more likely to engage in bribery

Sefrioui Mohamed Zakaria

how is Corruption spread around the world ?

Sefrioui Mohamed Zakaria

The state of corruption around the world

10 8 5 3 0

Denmark(1) Singapore(1) Sweden(4) UK(20) Iraq(175) Burma(176)

New Zealand(1) Finland(4) Australia(8) US(22) Afghanistan(176) Somalia(178)

Corruption Perceptions Index, Transparency International, 2010

Sefrioui Mohamed Zakaria

How can we fight corruption ?

Sefrioui Mohamed Zakaria

How can we fight corruption ?

Education :
Graduate people in countries with high corruption scores tend to be more honest than their undergraduate compatriots The Arab Spring and The Outraged

Social disapproval :
People cheat less when they feel they are supervised or when there is a punishment that could be inicted Ostracism and Incarceration

Sefrioui Mohamed Zakaria

How can we fight corruption ?

Various anti-corruption measures : Audits : most effective Anonymous complaints Grassroots measures : less successful

Sefrioui Mohamed Zakaria

Conclusion
Powerful people are the one we should be most worried about Democratic control must be applied in order to restrict the power Everyone should recognise his corruptibility >> Nobody is immune !! <<

Sefrioui Mohamed Zakaria

To be human is to be corrupt,

but that doesnt mean we shouldnt ght it

Sefrioui Mohamed Zakaria

Thank You

Sefrioui Mohamed Zakaria