Lecture Notes: Introduction to Finite Element Method Chapter 6.

Solid Elements
1999 Yijun Liu, University of Cincinnati 151
Solids of Revolution (Axisymmetric Solids):
Baseball bat shaft
Apply cylindrical coordinates:
( x, y, z) (r, , z)

r, u
z,w
z, w

r, u

rz

r
Lecture Notes: Introduction to Finite Element Method Chapter 6. Solid Elements
1999 Yijun Liu, University of Cincinnati 152
Displacement field:
( ) component ntial circumfere No ) , ( , ) , ( v z r w w z r u u
Strains:
) 21 ( ) 0 ( ,
, , ,

z r rz
z r
z
u
r
w
z
w
r
u
r
u
Stresses:
) 22 (
2
2 1
0 0 0
0 1
0 1
0 1
) 2 1 ( ) 1 (

'

1
1
1
1
1
]
1

'

rz
z
r
rz
z
r
v
v v v
v v v
v v v
v v
E

d
r
(r+u)d
rd
u
Lecture Notes: Introduction to Finite Element Method Chapter 6. Solid Elements
1999 Yijun Liu, University of Cincinnati 153
Axisymmetric Elements:
) 23 (

V
T
dz d rdr B E B k
or
) 24 ( ) (det 2
) (det
1
1
1
1
2
0
1
1
1
1

d d r
d d d r
T
T

J B E B
J B E B k
r, u
3
2
4
1

r, u
2
3
1
1
2
3
3-node element (ring) 4-node element (ring)
Lecture Notes: Introduction to Finite Element Method Chapter 6. Solid Elements
1999 Yijun Liu, University of Cincinnati 154
Applications:
Rotating Flywheel:
Body forces:
) force nal gravitatio (
) force inertial l/ centrifuga radial equivalent (
2
g f
r f
z
r

z
angular velocity (rad/s)
r
Lecture Notes: Introduction to Finite Element Method Chapter 6. Solid Elements
1999 Yijun Liu, University of Cincinnati 155
Cylinder Subject to Internal Pressure:
Press Fit:
ring ( Sleeve) shaft
p
0
r
0
2 ) ( r p q
0
r
i
r
+
i
r
i o
MPC
u u
i o

:
i
r r at
Lecture Notes: Introduction to Finite Element Method Chapter 6. Solid Elements
1999 Yijun Liu, University of Cincinnati 156
Belleville (Conical) Spring:
This is a geometrically nonlinear (large deformation)
problem and iteration method (incremental approach) needs to
be employed.
p
p