Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
FIRST: Allah asks the Prophet, peace be upon him, to remind his Nation that it is essential for those who claim to love Allah, to love His Prophet: "Say to them: If you love Allah, follow (and love and honor) me, and Allah will love you" (3:31). The Celebration of the Holy Prophet's birth is motivated by this obligation to love the Prophet, peace be upon him, to obey him, to remember him, to follow his example, and to be proud of him as Allah is proud of him, since Allah has boasted about him in His Holy Book by saying, "Truly you are of a magnificient character" (68:4). Love of the Prophet is what differentiates the believers in the perfection of their iman. In an authentic hadith related in al-Bukhari and Muslim, the Prophet said: "None of you believes until he loves me more than he loves his children, his parents, and all people." In another hadith in al-Bukhari he said: "None of you believes until he loves me more than he loves himself" and Sayyidina `Umar said: "O Prophet, I love you more than myself." Perfection of faith is dependent on love of the Prophet because Allah and His angels are constantly raising his honor, as is meant by the verse already quoted, "Allah and His angels are praying on the Prophet" (33:56). The divine order that immediately follows in the verse, "O believers, pray on him," makes it clear that the quality of being a believer is dependent on and manifested by praying on the Prophet. O Allah! Send peace and blessings on the Prophet, his family, and his companions.
expressing his happiness for that day by fasting, which is a kind of worship. Since the Prophet emphasized that day by fasting, worship in any form to emphasize that day is also acceptable. Even if we change the form, the essence is kept. Therefore, fasting, giving food to the poor, coming together to praise the Prophet, or coming together to remember his good manners and good behavior, all of this is considered a way of emphasizing that day. (See also the hadith "Dying on Monday" below.)
Muhammad ibn Nasiruddin ad-Dimashqi wrote on this the following verses in his book Mawrid as-sadi fi Mawlid al-Hadi: "If this, a kafir who was condemned to hell eternally with "Perish his hands" [sura 111], is said to enjoy a respite every Monday because he rejoiced in Ahmad: what then do you think of the servant who, all his life, was happy with Ahmad, and died saying, "One"?"
entered Mecca, after which, the Prophet prayed for him. He prayed that Allah support Hassan ibn Thabit, with the holy spirit as long as he would support the Prophet with his poetry. Similarly the Prophet rewarded Ka`b ibn Zuhayr's poem of praise with a robe. The Prophet asked Aswad bin Sarih to make poems praising Allah, and he asked someone else to recite the poem of praise of 100 verses which Umayya ibn Abi al- Salt had composed. Ibn Qayyim continues, "`A'isha always recited poems praising him and he was happy with her." This Umayya ibn Abi al-Salt is a poet of Jahiliyya who died in Damascus before Islam. He was a pious man who had relinquished the use of wine and the worship of idols, as related by Dhahabi in Siyar a`lam al-nubala' (2:23).
Part of the funeral eulogy Hassan ibn Thabit recited for the Prophet states:
I say, and none can find fault with me But one lost to all sense: I shall never cease to praise him. It may be for so doing I shall be for ever in Paradise With the Chosen One for whose support in that I hope. And to attain to that day I devote all my efforts.(1) Singing and Recitation of Qur'an: As Ibn al-Qayyim says in his book, "Allah gave permission to his Prophet to recite the Qur'an in a melodious way. Abu Musa al- Ash`ari one time was reciting the Qur'an in a melodious voice and the Prophet was listening to him. After he finished, the Prophet congratulated him on reciting in a melodious way and said, "You have a good voice." And he said about Abu Musa al-Ash`ari that Allah gave him a "mizmar" (flute or horn) from Dawud's mizmars. Then Abu Musa said, "O Messenger of Allah, if I had known that you were listening to me, I would have recited it in a much more melodious and beautiful voice such as you have never heard before." Ibn Qayyim continues, "The Prophet said, "Decorate the Qur'an with your voices," and "Who does not sing the Qur'an is not from us." Ibn Qayyim comments: "To take pleasure in a good voice is acceptable, as is taking pleasure in a nice scenery, such as mountains or nature, or from a nice smell, or from good food, as long as it is conforming to Shari`a. If listening to a good voice is haram, then taking pleasure in all these other things is also haram."
prophets. Speaking of the greatness of the day of Jum`a (Friday), the Prophet said in his hadith: "On that day [i.e. Jum`a], Allah created Adam." This means that the day of Friday is emphasized because Allah created Adam on that day. That day is emphasized because it saw the creation of the prophet and father of all human beings. What about the day when the greatest of prophets and best of human beings was created? The Prophet said: "Truly Allah made me the Seal of prophets while Adam was between water and clay." This hadith is related by Ahmad in the Musnad, Bayhaqi in Dala'il alNubuwwa and others, and is sound and established as authentic.
History of The Celebration of Mawlid: The Mawlid in Mecca According to Muslim Historians Celebration of the Birthplace of the Prophet
Mecca, the Mother of Cities, may Allah bless and honor her, is the leader of other Islamic cities in the celebration of Mawlid as in other things. In his book Akhbar Makka, Vol. 2, p. 160, the 3rd- century historian of Mecca, al-Azraqi, mentions as one of the many places in Mecca in which the performance of salat is desirable (mustahabb), the house where the Prophet was born (Mawlid al- Nabi). According to him, the house had previously been turned into a mosque by the mother of the caliphs Musa alHadi and Harun ar-Rashid. The Qur'anic scholar al-Naqqash (266-351) mentions the birthplace of the Prophet as a place where
du`a by noon on Mondays is answered. He is quoted in al-Fasi's Shifa' al-gharam Vol. 1, p. 199, and others. Ibn Taymiyyah, Ibn Jawzi, Ibn Katheer on Mawlid un Nabi sawawaws (Exclusive) Hafiz Ibn Kathir and Qadi Shawkani write that: "the Days of Allah' refers to the day on which Allah Almighty has done a favour on mankind. For example, the freedom of Banu Isra'il from the slavery of Fir'awn" [Ibn Kathir,Tafsir Ibn Kathir; Qadi Shawkani, Fath al-Qadir] Friday is a special day for Muslims because this is the day that Allah created Adam (peace be upon him). [Muslim, 'Book of Jumu'a'; also Ta'rikh Ibn Kathir, vol.1, 'Story of Adam'] Hafiz Ibn Kathir writes that Abu Lahab freed Thuwayba on the day that the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) was born. [Ibn Kathir, Sirat an-Nabi, 'Birth of the Prophet'] Hafiz Ibn Kathir wrote that: "There was once a King, Abu Sa'id Malik Muzaffar - a man of good deeds.In his kingdom, wherever he saw a lack of water, he would build a well. He also established many Islamic study centres. Every year, he would spend half a million dinars on hosting a gathering of his people to celebrate the birthday of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) [Ta'rikh Ibn Kathir, vol. 13, 'Story of King Abu Sa'id'] Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab writes: "Thuwayba, who was the freed slave of Abu Lahab, fed Rasolallah milk. Abu Lahab freed Thuayba at the time when she informed him that a son has been born at his brother's house. After the death of Abu Lahab he was seen in a dream, in which he said 'I am in severe punishment but this is lessened on Mondays'. He showed his forefinger and said 'I will suck from it because it was with this finger that I freed Thuwayba when she informed of the birth of the Prophet, and she also fed the Prophet milk'. "Ibn Jawzi states: 'Abu Lahab is that kafir who has been specially referred to in the Qur'an. If such a person can be rewarded for celebrating the Milad of the Prophet, then imagine how great the reward would be for a Muslim when he celebrates it'" [Ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab, M., Mukhtasar Sirat ar-Rasul, 'Milad an-Nabi'] The above is evidence that celebrating the birthday of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) in the form of a gathering is permissible. Otherwise Hafiz Ibn Kathir would not have referred to it as a good deed and Hafiz Ibn Taymiyya would not have said that there would be a "big reward" for doing so. Some people have the opinion that King Abu Sa'id introduced the celebrating of this occasion. This is not true because Hafiz Ibn Kathir states that in the 5th Century after hijra (AH), a king named Malik Shah also celebrated it with a gathering [Ta'rikh Ibn Kathir, 'Biography of Malik Shah'] Some people even argue that the Holy Prophet was not even born on the 12th Rabi' alAwwal. This argument is baseless as Hafiz Ibn Kathir has discussed this in Sirat an-Nabi. He states that the majority of the scholars agree that the Prophet was born on the 12th of Rabi' al-Awwal. The evidence of the people who do not accept this is weak [Sirat an-Nabi, vol.1, 'Birth of the Prophet] Muhammad ibn Ishaq states that the Prophet was born on the 12th of Rabi' al-Awwal. [Sira Ibn Hisham, chapter on 'Birth of the Prophet']. Ibn Ishaq was a Tabi'i and was born in 75 AH. His
book is the oldest book available on Sira in Islamic history. The first book of Sira was written by Musa ibn 'Uqba. This book is no longer avaiable for reference.
The Ahl as-Sunna celebrate the Milad of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) with love and respect. If someone does not celebrate it, we do not call them a kafir because the matter of Milad does not affect the 'aqida of a person. The celebrating of this should not cause any divisions among Muslims. Hafiz Salah ad-Din Yusuf (a great follower of Hafiz Ibn Taymiyya and Shaykh an-Najdi) writes: "On the birth date of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), to give charity to the poor or to build a masjid - we agree in this type of celebration of Milad" [Yusuf, Salah ad-Din, Milad-un-nabi, page 92] Hafiz Ibn Kathir writes: "On the day of the birth of Prophet(may Allah bless him and grant him peace) Shaytan cried a lot" [Ibn Kathir, Sirat an-Nabi, 'Birth of the Prophet'] From Ibn Kathir's narration we can see that to feel unhappy on the birthday of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) is the way of Shaytan, not the way of a Muslim! Imam at-Tirmidhi writes: "'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas was reciting the third verse of SurahMa'ida from the Qur'an. A Jew, sitting close by, heard it and said to 'Abdullah, 'If that verse which you recited was revealed to us, we would make that day an 'Id day'. 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas replied, 'When this verse was revealed, there were two 'Ids on that day. One of them was the Hajj day and the other Friday'" [at-Tirmidhi , 'Tafsir'; and also Tafsir Ibn Kathir, Surah 5, verse 3] Allama Ibn al-Jawzi wrote a book called "Milad an-Nabi" in which he gives very strong proofs permitting the celebration of Milad.
Ibn Taymiyya In his book Iqtida' al Siratul Mustaqeem [Al hadeeth print, p. 266]. Ibn Taymiyya states, "As to what some people have innovated either to compete with Christians on the birth of `Isa u or for the love of the Prophet (saws) and veneration for him, Allah might reward them for their love and ijtihad." As far as we are concerned, we commemorate the Mawlid for no other reason but what Ibn Taymiya said, "Out of love and veneration of the Prophet." May Allah I reward us according to this love and effort, and may Allah I bless the one who said, "Let alone what the Christians claim about their Prophet, and you may praise Muhammad e in any way you want and attribute to his essence all honors and to his status all greatness, for his merit has no limits that any expression by any speaker might reach." [Imam al-Busayri] Imam Ibn al Jawzi said about the honorable Mawlid, "It is security throughout the year, and glad tidings that all wishes and desires will be fulfilled." "Ibn Kathir said in his 'Tarikh' [History]: 'He [Caliph Muzaffar] used to celebrate the noble Mawlid in Rabi` al-Awwal and organize huge festivities for it. He was a wise king, brave, a fierce fighter, intelligent, learned, and just. May he have mercy on him and ennoble his grave. Shaykh Abu al-Khattab ibn Dihya compiled for him a book on
the Mawlid of the Prophet (s) an named it 'al-Tanwir fi Mawlid al-Bashir al-Nadhir' [The Illumination Concerning the Birthday of the Bringer of Glad Tidings and Warner] and the king rewarded him with 1,000 dinars for it. His rule lasted until he died in the year 630 [Hijri] as he was besieging the French in the city of Acca [Acre, Palestine] after a glorious and blameless life.'" Ibn Kathir says in "Dhikra Mawlid Rasul Allah ", on page 19: "The Night of the Prophet's (s) birth is a magnificent, noble, blessed and holy night, a night of bliss for the Believers, pure, radiant with lights and of immeasurable price." Imam Al-Hafiz Ibn Al-Jawzi, said in the description of Meelad: "Peace and Tranquillity takes over during that year and a good glad tiding to obtain your wish and inspiration". Ibn Tay'miah said in his book "Necessity of the Right Path", p. 266, 5th line from the bottom of that page, published by Dar Al-Hadith, the following: "As far as what people do during the Meelad, either as a rival celebration to that which the Christian do during the time of Christ's birthday or as an expression of their love and admiration and a sign of praise for the Noble Prophet (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam), Allah will surely reward them for such Ij'tiha". He then said: "Although Meelad was not practised by (Salaf), they should have done so since there was no objection against it from the Shari'ah point of view". Allah's greatest favour on mankind was the birth of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace). This means that the Milad of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) is one of the "Days of Allah", therefore we should remember it. Hafiz Ibn Rajab writes that: "It is recommended to fast on those days on which Allah Most High has sent blessings on us. The greatest favour which Allah Almighty has bestowed us with, is the sending down of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace). Allah Most High says in the Qur'an:'I have favoured you among nations and sent to you a Prophet from among you' [Ibn Rajab, ltaa'if-ul-ma'rif, page 111] The Prophets uncle al-`Abbas composed poetry praising the birth of the Prophet r, in which are found the following lines: "When you were born, the earth was shining, and the firmament barely contained your light, and we can pierce through, thanks to that radiance and light and path of guidance." [Suyutis, Husn al-maqsid, Ibn Kathirs Mawlid, Ibn Hajars Fath al-Bari.] Ibn Kathir mentions the fact that according to the Sahaba, the Prophet (s) praised his own name and recited poetry about himself in the middle of the battle of Hunayn in order to encourage the companions and scare the enemies. That day he said: "I am the Prophet! This is no lie. I am the son of `Abd al-Muttalib!" [Ibn Kathir, Dhikra Mawlid anNabi] The Prophet (s) was therefore happy with those who praised him because it is Allahs (swt) order, and he rewarded them from what Allah (swt) was providing him by praying for them and giving them gifts. Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya relates that the Prophet (s) prayed that Allah (swt) support Hassan ibn Thabit with ruh al-qudus (the Divine spirit) as long as he would support the Prophet (s) with his poetry. Similarly, the Prophet (s) rewarded Ka`b ibn Zuhayrs (r) poem of praise with a robe (burda). Hasan ibn Thabit (r) recited this poetry about the Prophet (s) on the day of his death saying: I say, and none can find fault with me But one lost to all sense: I shall never cease to praise him. It may be for so doing I shall be forever in Paradise, With the Chosen One for whose support in that I hope,
And to attain to that day I devote all my efforts. [Ibn Hisham, notes to his Seerah, p. 797, Karachi, Oxford Press.] Ibn Kathirs, Al bidaya wal nihayat and Dhikra mawlid rasulillah, "Paradise and the skies were decorated and angels moved about in continuous processions, the palace of Chosroes was shaken and the fire of 1000 years ceased to burn." All these events happened on the night and within the moment of the Prophets (s) birth. So, it is not `eid on a particular day, but it is a universal blessing from Allah (swt) to humanity, for which reason its commemoration is needed. He was the most honored and perfect creation that Allah (swt) created as a servant, and raised him by putting his name with His Name, elevated him on the night of the Ascension and revealed to him the Holy Quran. If Allahs (swt) creation rejoiced at the advent of the Prophet (s) on the day of his birth, what about us, for whom his birth is the greatest favor, and the means by which we were granted the religion of Islam? Is it not illogical to say, "We must not rejoice on that day," when all heavens and all creations were doing so, in the most auspicious manner? Muslim narrated that, "Abi Qatada (r) said that the Prophet (s) was asked about fasting on Monday and he said That was the day I was born." This hadith is clear evidence of the importance of the commemoration of the Prophets (s) birthday through worship. Al-Hafiz ibn Rajab al-Hanbali, in his book Lataif al-maarif (p. 98), in explaining this hadith of Muslim said, "It is good to fast on the days that Allah (swt) honored and favored his servants." It is incumbent not only on Muslims but on all human beings to rejoice in his advent, the day of his birth. al-Hafiz ibn Rajab al-Hanbali said, "The best favor that Allah (swt) has granted this nation is the birth of Prophet Muhammad (s) when he was sent to humanity. So we review and recall Allahs (swt) favor of sending the Prophet (s) by fasting on that day." Thus, commemoration of the Prophets (s) birthday by any form of worship, starting with fasting, was derived analogously by the great scholars of jurisprudence, who concluded that all forms of worship according to the Quran and Sunna are meritorious to perform on that day. This includes recitation of Quran, loudly or quietly, individually or in congregation, praising the Prophet ramongst the most meritorious forms of worship, feeding people, charity and remembering Allah (swt).