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Chemistry Calculations 2
Supports internal assessment for: Achievement Standard 90763 v2 Solve simple quantitative chemical problems Credits: 2
Crown 2008
2008 Internal Assessment Resource Subject Reference: Chemistry 2.3 Internal assessment resource reference number: Chem/2/3_G2 Chemistry Calculations 2 Achievement Standard 90763 v2 Solve simple quantitative chemical problems Credits: 2 Time allowed: 1 hour This is a closed book activity.
Calculate the mass of 2.65 mol of sodium hydroxide, NaOH. M(NaOH) = 40.0 g mol1
24.5 mL of a solution contains 0.00257 mol of HCl. Calculate the concentration, in mol L1, of the HCl solution.
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Calculate the amount (in mole) of NaOH present in 15.6 mL of 0.152 mol L1 solution.
5(a) Caffeine is a stimulant which has a mass composition of 49.5% carbon, 5.20% hydrogen, 28.9% nitrogen and 16.5% oxygen. Calculate the empirical formula of caffeine.
(b)
If the molar mass of caffeine is 194 g mol1, use your answer to part (a) above to determine the molecular formula of caffeine.
6.
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500 mL of 0.253 mol L1 NaHCO3 solution is mixed with 800 mL of 0.824 mol L1 NaHCO3 solution. What is the concentration of the final solution?
A chemist found that 4.69 g of sulfur combined with fluorine to produce 15.81 g of gas. Determine the empirical formula of the compound.
What mass of CO2 is produced in the complete combustion of 36.5 g of ethanol according to the following equation? C2H5OH + 3 O2 2 CO2 + 3 H2O
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10
What mass of iron can be produced if 50.0 g of carbon monoxide react with iron(III) oxide according to the following equation? Fe2O3 + 3 CO 2 Fe + 3 CO2
11
Hydrated magnesium sulfate is heated in a crucible. The following data is collected: mass of crucible and lid = 26.49 g mass of hydrated magnesium sulfate = 2.13 g mass crucible, lid and magnesium sulfate after first heating = 27.55 g mass of crucible, lid and magnesium sulfate after second heating = 27.53 g Use these results to determine the formula of hydrated magnesium sulfate. M(MgSO4) = 120.3 g mol1 M(H2O) = 18.0 g mol1
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PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS 18 Atomic Number 1 3 Li 6.9 11 Na 23.0 19 K 39.1 4 Be 9.0 12 Mg 24.3 20 Ca 40.1 21 Sc 45.0 2 1 H 1.0 Molar Mass / g mol
1
2 13 5 B 10.8 13 Al 27.0 6 C 12.0 14 Si 28.1 14 7 N 14.0 15 P 31.0 15 8 O 16.0 16 S 32.1 16 9 F 19.0 17 Cl 35.5 17 He 4.0 10 Ne 20.2 18 Ar 40.0
3 22
4 23 Ti 47.9
5 24 V 50.9
10
11
12
25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr 52.0 54.9 55.9 58.9 58.7 63.5 65.4 69.7 72.6 74.9 79.0 79.9 83.8 46 Pd 106 78 Pt 195 47 48 49 Ag Cd In 108 112 115 79 80 81 Au Hg Tl 197 201 204 50 Sn 119 82 Pb 207 51 Sb 122 83 Bi 209 52 Te 128 84 Po 210 53 I 127 85 At 210 54 Xe 131 86 Rn 222
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh 85.5 87.6 88.9 91.2 92.9 95.9 98.9 101 103 55 Cs 133 87 Fr 223 56 Ba 137 88 Ra 226 71 Lu 175 103 Lr 262 72 Hf 179 104 Rf 73 Ta 181 105 Db 74 W 184 106 Sg 75 Re 186 107 Bh 76 77 Os Ir 190 192 108 Hs 109 Mt
58 Ce 140 90 Th 232
59 Pr 141 91 Pa 231
60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb 144 147 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No 238 237 239 241 247 249 251 254 257 258 255
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L
1
n = 0.152 mol L
L = 2.37 x 10
mol
Correct
1
= 2.06 mol
16.0 g mol 1
Amount in moles of each element correct. Correct process, but incorrect empirical formula used.
empirical formula C4H5N2O (b) molecular formula C8H10N4O2 6 M(C12H22O11) = 342 g mol1 % C= %O= 7
144 g 342 g mol 1 176 g 342 g mol 1
% of C and O correct
n(NaHCO3) = (0.253 mol L1 x 0.500 L) + (0.824 mol L1 x 0.800 L) = 0.786 mol Total volume = 1.30 L concentration of final solution =
0.786 mol 1.3 L
= 0.604 mol L1
Correct total amount of NaHCO3 OR correct process for calculating concentration using a volume of 1.3 L.
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n(S) =
= 0.146 mol
Correct amount of S OR F.
= 0.584 mol
Hence S : F = 1 : 4 and empirical formula is SF4. 9 M(C2H5OH) = 46.0 g mol1 (i) n(C2H5OH) =
36 .5 g 46 .0 g mol 1
(ii) n(CO2) = 2 x n(C2H5OH) = 1.59 mol (iii) m(CO2) = 1.59 mol x 44.0 g mol1 = 69.8 g 10 (i) n(CO) =
2 3
50 .0 g 28 .0 g mol
1
= 1.79 mol
(ii) n(Fe) = x n(CO) = 1.19 mol (iii) m(Fe) = 1.19 mol x 55.9 g mol1 = 66.5 g 11 mass of anhydrous MgSO4 = 1.04 g mass of H2O = 1.09 g amount of MgSO4 = amount H2O =
1.04 g 120 .3 g mol
1
Correct process with one minor error. eg An incorrect molar mass. Correct determination of either amount of MgSO4 or H2O.
Sufficiency Statement In the application of the assessment schedule, the learner's response to each question is only awarded one level of A, M or E. The requirements for sufficiency are as follows:
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SIX questions answered correctly at achievement or higher. 6xA SEVEN questions answered correctly with FOUR answers at merit level or higher PLUS THREE answers at achievement level or higher. 4xM + 3xA EIGHT questions answered correctly with THREE answers at excellence level PLUS TWO answers at merit level or higher PLUS THREE other answers at achievement level or higher AND answers to all questions except 5, 8 and 11 require 3 significant figures and units. 3xE + 2xM + 3xA
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