Physics 203 Sec. EE.

Final Exam
May 28 2004. Instructor: Yasuhiro Abe Physics Department, City College of the CUNY Problem 1 [30 points] A skater with an initial speed of 6.0 m/s is gliding across the ice. Air resistance is negligible. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the ice and the skate blades is given by k = 0.12. (a) Find the deceleration caused by kinetic friction. (b) How many seconds will be required until the skater comes to rest? (c) How far will the skater travel before coming to rest? Problem 2 [20 points] The tallest and fastest roller coaster in the world is now the Steel Dragon in Mie, Japan. The ride includes a vertical drop of 93.5 [m]. The coaster has a speed of 3.0 [m/s] at the top of the drop. (a) Neglect friction and find the speed of the coaster at the bottom. (b) There is in fact a friction of magnitude 4.5 [N] along the down slope. Find now the speed of the coaster at the end of the slope, provided that the total length of the slope is 120 [m] and the total mass of the coaster is 1.2 x 103 [kg]. Problem 3 [25 points] Consider that an object of mass m=0.20 [kg], attached to an ideal spring of spring constant k [N/m], makes a simple harmonic motion. The displacement of the spring from its natural length is given by x(t) = A cost where A [m] is the amplitude of the oscillation and is the angular frequency of the motion. (a) If the period of this simple harmonic motion is T=0.314 [s], what is the value of ? (b) Using the relation = k/m , find the value of k. (c) At time t1 = 0.5T = 0.157 [s], what is x(tl)? (express in terms of A) Also, at time t2 = 0.75T, what is x(t2)? (d) At the beginning (t = 0), the object is at x(0) = A and its velocity is zero. Neglecting a gravitational potential energy, express the total energy of the system in terms of A and k. (e) With an initial condition A=0.30 [m], find the velocities of the object at t = t1 and t = t2 numerically.

Problem 4 [20 points] A uniform door (0.81 m wide and 2.1 m high) weighs 140 N and is hung on two hinges that fasten the long left side of the door to a vertical wall. The hinges are 2.1 m apart. Assume that the lower hinge bears all the weight of the door. Find the magnitude and direction of the horizontal component of the force applied to the door by (a) the upper hinge and (b) the lower hinge. Determine the magnitude and direction of the force applied by the door to (c) the upper hinge and (d) the lower hinge. Problem 5 [40 points] (i) Three moles of a monatomic idea gas are compressed from 5.5 x 10-2 to 2.5 x 10-2 m3. During the compression, 6.1 x 103 J of work Win (= - Wout) is done on the gas, and heat is removed to keep the temperature of the gas constant at all times. (Namely, the process is an isothermal compression.) Find (a) the change of internal energy U (b) (b) the heat gained in the system Qin (c) (c) the temperature of the gas T (ii) The pressure of a monatomic ideal gas ( = 5/3) doubles during an adiabatic compression. What is the ratio of the final volume to the initial volume? Problem 6 [20 points] (a) A duck is floating on a lake with 25 % of its volume beneath the water. What is the average density of the duck? The density of water is 1.00 x 103 kg/m3. (b) When you take a bath, how many kilograms of hot water (49.0 C) must you mix with cold water (13.0 C) so that the temperature of the bathe is 36.0 C? The total mass of water (hot plus cold) is 191 kg. Ignore any heat flow between the water and its external surroundings. You may use the specific heat capacity of water c = 4186 J /(kg . C). Problem 7 [15 points] (a) 1n getting ready to slam-dunk the ball, a basketball player starts from rest and sprints to a speed of 6.0 m/s in 1.5 s. Assuming that the player accelerates uniformly, determine the distance he runs. (b) Batman (mass = 91 kg) jumps straight down from a bridge into a boat (mass =510 kg) in which a criminal is fleeing. The velocity of the boat is initially +11 m/s. What is the velocity of the boat after Batman lands in it?

(c) A 0.0l5-kg ball is shot from the plunger of a pinball machine. Because of a centripetal force of 0.028 N, the ball follows a circular arc whose radius is 0.25 m. What is the speed of the ball? Some useful formulae Newton's equations of motion: F = Ma Kinetic Friction: Fk = kN (N is a normal force.) Mechanical Energy: KE + PE = mv2 + mgh Angular frequency of oscillators: = 2/T (T is a period) Equilibrium of rigid bodies: Fnet = net = 0 Ideal gas law: PV = nRT where R = 8.31[J/(mol. K)] First law of thermodynamics: U = Qin - Wout Internal energy of a monatomic gas: U = (3/2)nRT For a monatomic gas: U = (3/2)nRT (T = Tf -Ti), Wout = nRTln (Vf/Vi) For a adiabatic gas: PV = constant (= [Cp/Cv]) Buoyant force: B = pgV (V is the volume of displaced fluid of density p.) Kinematics: x(t) = x0 + v0t + at2, v(t) = v0 + at The conservation of linear momentum: ml v1 + m2v2 + . . . = constant Centripetal force: Fc = m (v2/r)