Newtons Laws Worksheet Answers Explained 1) Inertia depends on mass only.

The object with more mass has more inertia, regardless of its velocity. 2) Same as number 1. 3) At rest --> acceleration = 0 --> Net Force = 0 4) Net force = 0 --> acceleration = 0. The only choice in which there is no acceleration is choice 3. Even in choice 1 there is centripetal acceleration. 5) Again, net force = 0 --> acceleration = 0. Choice 2 shows a constant speed (a=0) and a distance that is increasing at a constant rate (speed=constant). 6) You can use Newtons second law F = ma or a = F/m on each graph to solve for the force. Just pick a data point on each graph and plug the force and acceleration into the equation and solve for m. 7) There are two ways to solve this one. One thing you can do is use the first information to determine the mass of the object: F = ma --> 10N = m(5m/s2) --> m = 2 kg And now use this mass with the second acceleration given to determine the force required: F = ma --> F = (2 kg)(1m/s2) --> F = 2 N The other way you could solve this problem is to set up a proportion: 10 N / (5 m/s2) = X / (1 m/s2) --> X = 2 N 8) You have to be careful about the net force in this one. They specifically identify the direction of each force, one northward and one southward. This means that the net force isnt the sum of 25 N and 35 N, since the forces are not in the same direction. In fact it is the opposite the net force is the difference between the forces. Heres one way to figure that out

Fnet = F+ - F- --> Fnet = Fnorth Fsouth --> Fnet = 25 N 35 N = -10 N

So Fnet = -10 N, which is what you will use in the equation for Newtons second law Fnet = ma: Fnet = ma --> -10 N = (15 kg)a --> a = -0.67 m/s2

Since they ask for the magnitude of the acceleration they dont care about the negative sign, which is technically telling you the direction of the acceleration in this case South.

9) The weight of the girl and the boat does not matter for this problem. The key here is Newtons third law Action/Reaction. Whenever two objects are interacting (e.g. in contact with each other) they exert forces on each other that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. If the girl exerts a force of 100 N on the boat, the boat pushes back on the girl with the same force 100 N. 10) Same as number 9. The force they feel might have a greater effect on one object than the other (e.g. one object might have more inertia than the other), but they always feel the same force. 11) The weight of an object is always the mass of the object multiplied by the acceleration due to gravity. So on Earth: Fg = mg = 65 kg (9.81 m/s2) = 638 N They gave you the acceleration due to gravity on the Moon to trick you. We could use this to find the weight of the rocks on the moon (Fg = mg = 65 kg (1.62 m/s2) = 105 N) but that is not what they are asking here. READ CAREFULLY

12) We can use the weight equation for this one as we did in number 11, but we have to realize that we are not on Earth so we dont know the value of the acceleration due to gravity (g) that is what we are trying to find! Fg = mg --> 1560 N = (60 kg)(g) --> g = 26 m/s2