Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
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.:
Introduction
Manufacturing Technolodes Cardedwebs
Airlaidwebs
Needle punching
Spunlacing
Resin bonding
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Fiber Fiber
Yarn
Fabric(Sheet1
Fabric (Sheet)
Nonwoven Fabrics Sheet or web structures made by bonding and/or interlocking fibers, yams, or filaments by mechanical, thermal, chemical or solvent means.
1 1 4 AberWebandRebtedFabflcs
i
c
1974 75 35 33 32 65 35
%na.
%ma* 9 9
surgical packs gowns, acc. wipes, towels interlinings coat/lam. substr. geotex./roofing filter media
10 12 7
11
17 13 12 13 13
8
245
bedd/h.f. acc.
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source: S t a (1984) ~
1977 178
100
Spunbonded
Wet Laid
Otherb Total
21
14 5 140
48
32 27
50
90 465
72
159
285
675
'Estimated bIncludes air laid pulp, spunlaced, melt blown, composite and porous film. Source: John R Starr, Inc.
E
H -
I
I
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Art Canvases
Auto Components Battery Separators Bedding Blankets
Book Covers
Building Materials Carpet Components Coated Fabrics Diapers Draperies Electrical Insulation
Filters Fumiture
Luggage
Wall Coverings
Wipes
Kites
Lab Coats
F
Cotton
m
Cellulosics (Rayon, Acetate) Wood Pulp Polyamides (Nylons) Polyesters Polypropylene Acrylics Glass etc.
Preparation
W e b Formation
- Carding systems
- Gamett systems
-Air-Laid systems
Bonding - Mechanical - Chemical -Thermal/Sonic
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t I.
11-12 F W e b and Related Fabdcs
a. feed lattice b. squeeze zone c. feed roll d. lickeridtakerin e. first or breaker cylinder f. intermediate doffer or transfer roll g. cleaner roll
vibrating comb
AberWeband Related F a
11-13
' 3
1.Cd 2.cardweb
.-.
Carded Webs 0.1 - 0.3 (oz/yd2) on conventional cards (low mass, bulk and integrity) up to 3 (oz/yd2) on modem NW cards To Build a Fleece: Layering by tandem cards Parallel Lapping Cross Lapping Productivity up to 2.5 lbdin (MIC)/h.r(conventional card). up to 10 Ibdin (WCYhr (modern NW cards).
Garnet Webs Fleece built by layering Productivity 6 lbdin (MIC)/hr.
Rando-Webber Air-Laid fleece 0.3 - 75 oz/yd2 1/64 i - 4 i thickness n n Productivity 1 - 8 lbdin (M/Cyh,
on
d
Q)
Q)
AberWebandRelatedFabrlcs 11-17
Needle B
i
C
pi
Lu
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Resin Bonding
Thermoplastic Fibers (Vinyon, Saran, Cellulose, Acetate, PE, Pet) Thermoplastic and ThermosettingPowders (Acrylic beads, Vinyl beads, Phenolic. . .)
Water Based Emulsions -PVC - PVC Acetate -Polyacrylates -Acrylic Esters - Natural R. Latex -Butadiene Acrylonirtile - . . . Copolymers -Melamine -Melamine-urea -Urea-formaldehyde -Phenol-formaldehyde
Web
GI
Web
Du Pont spunbonding process illustrating air aspirator and electrostatic repulsion techniques.
4
I
The spin-draw route to spunbonded fabrics showing the optional use of a separate feed of bonding filaments.
RberWebandRektedFaklcs 11-25
A-
11-26
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AberWebandlFelatedFabrlcs 11-29
RberWebandReIatedFabrkX 11-31
Q
Screen
0 C c ] ,
De-watering
Driving
Flocked Fabrics
Definition Flocked fabrics consist of short fibers bonded to substrate to achieve a decorative or functional effect
Fibers
Natural or man-made, mostly cotton, rayon, nylon, random or precision cut, natural or dyed
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Flocking Methods
0
Mechanical or beater bar Electrostatic -DC or AC - Downward -Upward Electrostatic and mechanical Giroud process Electrostatic alignment and mechanical insertion Synthetic k flocking
Air turbulence (ttslush molding)
I
I
RberWebandRektedFabrlcs 11-35
Bonding Agents Neoprene (obsolete) Self-reactive acrylic emulsions Urethanes Epoxides (for metal substrates)
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Leather
Wood
Expanded vinyls
Application Of Adhesive
Coating and laminating techniques - Doctor blades (knife coating) - Kiss or transfer rolls -Reverse transfer rolls - Spraying -Extruding -Hot Melt Roller printing techniques Screen printing techniques Finishing Techniaues Dyeing
0
Uses
ltuo-Dimensional Draperies
Carpets Wall Paper Velvets Boxes Shoe Uppers Blankets Auto Tops Paint Rollers Tumtable cushions Acoustical Dampening Upholstery Fabrics Floor Tiles Wrapping Paper Crushed Velvets Pocket Books Synthetic Fur Acoustical Wall Panels Auto Window Channels Non-slip Bases Mar-proof Bases Vibration Dampening
Three-Dimensional Hats
Toys
Gloves
YarnS
iy
\.
'1
'U
stage3
L
11-42 FlberWeb and Related Fabrlcs
Needle
YarrJ
Pile
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.-
Type
Synthetic Lattices (SBR) -Natural Latex (Rubber) - Hot Melts -Ethylene - Vinyl CI
Attached Cushions
BRes Foam Rubber
Sponge Rubber
Vinyl
FIberWebandRelatedFabrlcs 11-45