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V Semester - Electrical and Electronics Engineering Power Electronics Laboratory Manual (2008 Regulation)
Prepared by S.RAJASEKARAN
Approved by
Attend the laboratory classes wearing the prescribed uniform and shoes. Avoid wearing any metallic rings, straps or bangles as they are likely to prove dangerous at times. Girls should put their plait inside their overcoat Boys students should tuck in their uniform to avoid the loose cloth getting into contact with rotating machines. Acquire a good knowledge of the surrounding of your worktable. Know where the various live points are situated in your table. In case of any unwanted things happening, immediately switch off the mains in the worktable. This must be done when there is a power break during the experiment being carried out. Before entering into the lab class, you must be well prepared for the experiment that you are going to do on that day. You must bring the related text book which may deal with the relevant experiment. Get the circuit diagram approved. Prepare the list of equipments and components required for the experiment and get the indent approved. Plan well the disposition of the various equipments on the worktable so that the experiment can be carried out. Make connections as per the approved circuit diagram and get the same verified. After getting the approval only supply must be switched on. For the purpose of speed measurement in rotating machines, keep the tachometer in the extended shaft. Avoid using the brake drum side. Get the reading verified. Then inform the technician so that supply to the worktable can be switched off. You must get the observation note corrected within two days from the date of completion of experiment. Write the answer for all the discussion questions in the observation note. If not, marks for concerned observation will be proportionately reduced. Submit the record note book for the experiment completed in the next class. If you miss any practical class due to unavoidable reasons, intimate the staff in charge and do the missed experiment in the repetition class. Such of those students who fail to put in a minimum of 75% attendance in the laboratory class will run the risk of not being allowed for the University Practical Examination. They will have to repeat the lab course in subsequent semester after paying prescribed fee. Use isolated supply for the measuring instruments like CRO in Power Electronics Laboratory experiments.
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING, RVSCET 2
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
MODEL GRAPH: IA I g1
Pin configuration
1.
To determine the Characteristics of SCR In static performance of a device we can study the input and output Characteristics.
APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 APPARATUS SCR Module kit Firing Circuit Module Voltmeter Ammeter Ammeter CRO Patch Chords RANGE TYPE 220 V / 5 A PEC16MIB (0-30) V (0-20)mA (0-200) mA 20 MHZ MC MC MC QUANTITY 1 1 1 1 1 1 10
PROCEDURE: 1. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram. 2. Switch on the supply 3. Set the gate current at a fixed value by varying RPS on the gate-cathode side. 4. Increase the voltage applied to anode-cathode side from zero til the SCR gets turned ON. 5. Note down the break over voltage.
TABULAR COLUMN:
IG =.(mA)
VAK (V)
IA (mA)
6. Draw the graph between anode to cathode voltage (v ak) and anode current (ia)
Switching Characteristics greatly improves its utilization in the various applications. The main performance of switching characteristics is the Turn - on and Turn- off switching transients. PROCEDURE: 1) Connect as per the connection diagram. 2) Switch on the power supply. 3) Vary the Gate knob voltage until the device is ON Which can be observed by the output voltage wave form VAK. 4) Observe the current waveform. 5) Compare the output voltage wave form with the input voltage wave form and measure the TON and TOFF of the device.
RESULT: Thus the VI and switching Characteristics waveforms of SCR were obtained.
In static performance of a device we can study the input and output characteristics. PROCEDURE: OUT PUT CHARACTERISTICS ( DRAIN CHARACTERISTICS ) 1) 2) 3) Make the connections as per the circuit diagram. Switch on the supply. Set the gate source VGS voltage . 4) Smoothly vary the drain source VDS voltage till the MOSFET gets turn ON and note down the VDS and Ammeter ID value. 5) Further increase in the gate source voltage ,and note down the readings VDS and Ammeter ID value.
S.No
VGE (mV)
IC (mA)
TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS 1) 2) 3) 4) Make the connections as per the circuit diagram. Switch on the supply. switch on the switches SW1 and SW2 Set the Drain source voltage at a fixed value by varying RPS . Vary the voltage applied across Gate and corresponding VGS and ID is noted 5) 6) The above steps are repeated for different values of VDS Draw the graph between VGS and ID
AIM: To determine the switching Characteristics of MOSFET Switching Characteristics greatly improves its utilization in the various applications. The main performance of switching characteristics is the Turn - on and Turn- off switching transients. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 PROCEDURE: 1) Connect as per the connection diagram. 2) Switch on the power supply. 3) Set the voltage V1 to5V by adjusting the voltage adjustment knob. 4) Observe theoutput voltage waveform.VDS atP16 andP19 terminals by using CRO. 5) Observe the current waveform. 6) Compare the output voltage wave form with the input voltage wave form and measure the TON and TOFF of the device. APPARATUS RANGE TYPE QUANTITY
Patch Chords
10
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
MODEL GRAPH:
TABULAR COLUMN:
S.No.
EX NO: 3
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING, RVSCET 18
3.a. VI
AIM:
CHARACTERISTICS OF TRIAC
To determine the VI characteristics of TRIAC. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No 1 2 3 4 5 APPARATUS TRIAC Module kit Regulated Power Supply Voltmeter Ammeter Patch Chords RANGE 220 V / 5 A (0-5) V (0-30) V (0-200)mA TYPE PEC 16MIC MC MC QUANTITY 1 1 1 1 10
In static performance of a device we can study the input and output characteristics. PROCEDURE: 1. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram. 2. Switch on the supply. 3. Set the gate current at a fixed value by varying RPS on the gate- cathode side. 4. 5. Increase the voltage applied across anode and corresponding current is noted. The above steps are repeated for different values of I G. 6. Draw the graph between anode to cathode voltage (V AK) and anode 7. current (I A)
3.b. SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OF TRIAC AIM: To determine the switching characteristics of TRIAC. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No 1 2 3 4 5 APPARATUS RANGE TYPE QUANTITY
Switching Characteristics greatly improves its utilization in the various applications. The main performance of switching characteristics is the Turn - on and Turn- off switching transients.
PROCEDURE: Positive triggering 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Connect as per the circuit diagram. Switch On the power supply. Vary the Gate voltage adjustment knob until the device ONwhich can be observed by the out put voltage waveform VM1 MT2. Observe the current wave form @ P18 and P19. Compare the output voltage waveform with input voltage waveform and measure TON and TOFF of the device. Negative triggering Follow the same procedure (While measuring the timeperiod keep the CRO in X10 mode) RESULT : Thus the VI and switching Characteristics of TRIAC was obtained.
Ex. No. 4 VI AND SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OF IGBT 4.a) VI AND SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OF IGBT
AIM : To determine the VI characteristics of IGBT. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 APPARATUS IGBT Module kit Regulated Power Supply Regulated Power Supply Voltmeter Ammeter Patch Chords RANGE 220 V / 5 A (0-15) V (0-30) V (0-30) V (0-20)mA TYPE QUANTITY 1 1 1 1 1 10
MC MC
In static performance of a device we can study the input and output characteristics. PROCEDURE: 1. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram. 2. Switch on the power supply. 3. Set the gate source voltage of particular value 4. Vary the voltage applied across Gate and corresponding ( VCE) and note down ( IC ) 5. Further increase the collector Emitter voltage and note down the readings VCE and ( IC ) 6. Vary the voltage across Collector and Emitter and noted down VGE and IC. 7. Draw the graph between VCE and IC and VGE and IC .
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
S.No
TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS:
MC MC MC
Switching Characteristics greatly improves its utilization in the various applications. The main performance of switching characteristics is the Turn - on and Turn- off switching transients.
PROCEDURE: 1) Make the connections as per the circuit diagram. 2) Switch on the supply. 3) Set the 30 V in the voltmeter using variable DC supply provided in the trainer. gate current at a fixed value by varying RPS on the gate-cathode side. 4) Vary the gate current and note down the values of IA & VA . 5) The above steps are repeated for different values of I G . 6) Draw the graph between VAK (VDS ) and IG (VGS ) and IA (ID) and IG (VGS).
MODEL GRAPH
T1
T2 Resistive Load
D1 1 Isolation Transformer
D2
S.No.
Firing Angle Output Voltage Non Conducting (Degree) Vo (Volts) Period T Sec
(Degree)
Ex. No. 5 AC TO DC SINGLE PHASE HALF AND FULLY CONTROLLED CONVERTER 5.a. HALF CONTROLLED CONVERTER
AIM: To construct a single phase half controlled Converter and plot its output response. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.NO. 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 FORMULA: t Firing angle 0 = --------- x 180 10ms t= non-conducting period of thyristor. APPARATUS Half controlled Converter Power circuit kit SCR firing circuit kit Isolation Transformer Auto-transformer Loading Rheostat CRO Patch chords RANGE 1 , 230V,10A 1 ,230V,5A 230V/115-550-55-115 230V/0-270V, 4A 100 / 2A 20MHz TYPE QUANTITY 1 1 1 1 1 1 15
MODEL GRAPH:
Vin
2 3 t
VT t
PROCEDURE: 1. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram. 2. Keep the multiplication factor of the CROs probe at the maximum position. 3. Switch on the thyristor kit and firing circuit kit. 4. Keep the firing circuit knob at the 180 position. 5. Vary the firing angle in steps. 6. Note down the voltmeter reading and waveform from the CRO. 7. Switch off the power supply and disconnect.
circuit diagram
Resistive Load
S.No.
(degree)
APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.NO ITEM 1 Fully controlled Converter Power 3 4 5 6 7 8 FORMULA : t Firing angle 0 = --------- x 180 10ms t= non-conducting period of thyristor. circuit kit SCR firing circuit kit Isolation Transformer Auto-transformer Loading Rheostat CRO Patch chords 1 ,230V,5A 230V/115-55-0-55-115 230V/0-270V, 4A 100 / 2A 20MHz 1 1 1 1 1 15 RANGE 1 , 230V,10A TYPE QUANTITY 1
MODEL GRAPH :
in
2 3 t
VT
PROCEDURE: 1. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram.. 2. Keep the multiplication factor of the CROs probe at the maximum position. 3. Switch on the thyristor kit and firing circuit kit. 4. Keep the firing circuit knob at the 180 position. 5. Vary the firing angle in steps.
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING, RVSCET 35
6. Note down the voltmeter reading and waveform from the CRO. 7. Switch off the power supply and disconnect.
RESULT: Thus a single-phase fully controlled converter was constructed and their responses were plotted.
To construct Step down & Step up MOSFET based choppers and to draw its output response. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.NO ITEM Step up & Step down MOSFET based chopper kit CRO Patch chords 20 MHZ RANGE QUANTITY 1 1 15
1 2 3
PROCEDURE (STEP UP CHOPPER & STEP DOWN CHOPPER) : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Initially keep all the switches in the OFF position Initially keep duty cycle POT in minimum position Connect banana connector 24V DC source to 24V DC imput. Connect the driver pulse [output to MOSFET input Switch on the main supply Check the test point waveforms with respect to ground. Vary the duty cyle POT and tabulate the Ton, Toff & output voltage Trace the waveforms of Vo Vs & Io Draw the graph for Vo Vs Duty cycle, K
TABULAR COLUMN (STEP UP CHOPPER): Vs = ____________ V S.NO T ON (sec) TOFF (sec) T Duty Ratio, k=TON / T Vo=kVs(V)
(sec)
TABULAR COLUMN (STEP DOWN CHOPPER): Vs = ____________ V S.NO T ON (sec) TOFF (sec) T Duty Ratio, k=TON / T Vo=kVs(V)
(sec)
RESULT: Thus the output response of Step down & Step up MOSFET based choppers were drawn.
PROCEDURE : 1. Make the connection as per the circuit diagram. 2. Connect the gating signal from the inverter module. 3. Switch ON D.C 24 V. 4. Keep the frequency knob to particulars frequency. 5. Observe the rectangular and triangular carrier waveforms on the CRO. 6. Obtain the output waveform across the load Rheostat.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: +
C1 T1 D1 50 /5A 24V,D.C T3 D3
C2 T2 D2
Vo T4 D4
MODEL GRAPH:
Vref
Vcar
Vo
RESULT : Thus the output waveform for IGBT inverter (PWM) was obtained.
LAMP LOAD
MODEL GRAPH :
RESULT : Thus the output waveform for IGBT inverter (PWM) was obtained.
PROCEDURE (ZVS & ZCS RESONANT CONVERTER): 1. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram. 2. Switch on the resonant converter module. 3. Keep the frequency knob of the firing circuit kit below the resonance Frequency of power circuit kit 4. Switch on the DC power supply connected to the power circuit kit and Switch on the firing circuit kit 5. Vary the frequency knob of the firing circuit kit 6. Observe the waveform from the CRO. 7. Repeat the same procedure for different values of switching frequency. 8. Switch of the power supply and disconnect the connection
TABULAR COLUMN (ZVS RESONANT CONVERTER ) : RESONANT FREQUENCY = S.No. Input voltage (vi) V Switching frequency (hz) Output voltage Vo (V) Output current io (A)
TABULAR COLUMN ( ZCS RESONANT CONVERTER ) : RESONANT FREQUENCY = S.No. Input voltage (vi) V Switching frequency (Hz) Output voltage Vo (V) Output current io (A)
RESULT : Thus ZVS and ZCS Resonant Converter operation were studied and its output waveform were plotted.
PROCEDURE ( SERIES INVERTER ) : 1. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram. 2. Switch on the thyristor firing circuit 3. Keep the frequency knob of the firing circuit kit below the resonance Frequency of power circuit kit 4. Switch on the DC power supply connected to the power circuit kit and Switch on the firing circuit kit 5. Vary the frequency knob of the firing circuit kit 6. Observe the waveform from the CRO. 7. Repeat the same procedure for different values of L,C and load resistance. 8. Switch of the power supply and disconnect the connection 9. Calculate the frequency of the output waveform .
PROCEDURE (PARALLEL INVERTER ) : 1. Make the connection as per the circuit diagram. 2. Switch on the 24V DC power supply. 3. Vary the output frequency by proper tuning. 4. Obtain the voltage output across secondary of transformer. 5. Obtain also the voltage across Inductance. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM (SERIES INVERTER) :
FUSE(2A )
T1 D1 L1
(0-30V), M.I V
C1
(0-30)V RPS M D2
LOAD L2 T2
CR O
C2
V0
P1 + D R C 24V dc T1
P2 P3
P4
P5
C1
Trigger Circuit
T2
R C
L -
TABULAR COLUMN (SERIES INVERTER): RESONANCE FREQUENCY = ____________: FIRING ANGLE = __________ S.No. Input Voltage (Vi) Volts Frequency Of Firing Circuit (Hz) Output Voltage Vo (Volts)
T1 T2 ec1
t
ec2
eo
t
VL
VSCR1
VD1
RESULT: Thus a single-phase series inverter and parallel inverter operation were studied and its output waveform were plotted.