What were the factors that contributed towards the rise of civilization in Greece?

How is it something special in the intellectual world? Is it true that science and philosophy were born at the same time i.e. in the 6th century B.C.? What were the reasons for the early development of civilizations (E.g. writing in 4000 B.C.) in Egypt and Mesopotamia? When were the pyramids built? How did Gods get associated with morality, as in breaching law became impiety? What was the oldest legal code of Hammurabi, the king of Babylon? What was the Babylonian contribution to the growth of man? How was the Babylonian knowledge inherited by Thales in the 6th century? Points Sudden rise of civilization in Greece Role of Egypt Babylon (both around 2000 B.C) and the island of Crete(Minoan culture), called Mycenaeans on the mainland Greece (till 900 B.C.) in the Greek philosophy The 3 waves Ionians, Achaeans and last the Dorians Maritime commerce led to the very early contributions to civilization from Greece Coinage 700 B.C Phoenicians, like other inhabitants of Syria were exposed to influence of both Babylon and Egypt and they held supremacy in maritime commerce till rise of Greek cities if Ionia, Italy and Sicily. Greek may have learned to write from the Phoenicians and added vowels. First notable intellectual product Homer-ancient Greek epic poet of Iliad and the Odyssey,(8th century B.C.), ( product of Ionia), Confucius, Buddha and Zoroaster were probably from the same time, Homer wasnt very religious, Gods completely human, represents a civilized aristocracy which ignores as plebeian various superstitions that are still rampant among the populace. Primitive religion was tribal rather than personal Greece was divided into a large no. of states and they had varied levels of civilization Sparta culturally poor, great men Role of Bacchus (Dionysus in Greek) in shaping Greek thought. (Plato and Bacchus) Prudence (Forethought)-Agriculture vs. Instinct(Passion)-Hunting, what distinguishes the savage from a civilized man, civilization checks impulse through forethought and law, custom and religion.

It is evident that this process can be carried too far, as it is, for instance, by the miser. But without going to such extremes, prudence may easily involve the loss of some of the best things in life. The worshipper of Bacchus reacts against prudence. In intoxication, physical or spiritual, he recovers an intensity of feeling which prudence had destroyed; he finds the world full of delight and beauty, and his imagination is suddenly liberated from the prison of every-day preoccupations. The Bacchic ritual produced what was called "enthusiasm," which means, etymologically, having the god enter into the worshipper, who believed that he became one with the god. Much of what is greatest in human achievement involves some element of intoxication, * some sweeping away of prudence by passion. Without the Bacchic element, life would be uninteresting; with it, it is dangerous. Prudence versus passion is a conflict that runs through history. It is not a conflict in which we ought to side wholly with either party.
Teaching of Orpheus transmigration of souls according to Karma (quite similar to the Hindu Karma)

The conventional tradition concerning the Greeks is that they exhibited an admirable serenity, which enabled them to contemplate passion from without, perceiving whatever beauty it exhibited, but themselves calm and Olympian. This is a very onesided view. It is true, perhaps, of Homer, Sophocles, and Aristotle, but it is emphatically not true of those Greeks who were touched, directly or indirectly, by Bacchic or Orphic influences. 2 tendencies in Greece There were, in fact, two tendencies in Greece, one passionate, religious, mystical, other-worldly, the other cheerful, empirical, rationalistic, and interested in acquiring knowledge of a diversity of facts.

The coming of new religion with the presence and spread of Orphic communities