GTHS KUMBO_Electrical Department_Second sequence exam....Nov.

2011
1
Courses In
Electrical
Engineering
Volume V
POWER ELECTRONICS
SECOND SEQUENCE EXAM WITH SOLUTION
By
Jean-Paul NGOUNE
DIPET I (Electrotechnics), DIPET II (Electrotechnics)
DEA (Electrical Engineering)
Teacher in the Electrical Department, GTHS KUMBO, Cameroon.
GTHS KUMBO_Electrical Department_Second sequence exam....Nov.2011
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Exercise 1: Single phase non controlled rectifier
A single phase half wave rectifier circuit is composed of the following elements:
A perfect transformer T delivering a secondary voltage sin 2 12 ) ( = u where
=314t;
A rectifier diode D which is supposed to be perfect;
A load composed of a resistance R = 200 in series with an inductance L
whose value is such that the blocking of the diode D is at
4
5
0

= .
1.1 Draw the diagram of the circuit so described.
1.2 Represent in synchronism the following waveforms:
a. The secondary voltage u(t).
b. The load voltage u
L
.
c. The voltage u
D
across the diode.
d. The load current i
L
.
1.3 Calculate the average load voltage.
1.4 Calculate the effective load voltage.
1.5 Calculate the average load current.
Exercise 2: Battery charger
An accumulator has a capacity of 345 Ah and an emf E = 90V. It is recharged by
means of a Wheatstone bridge consisting of 4 ideal diodes and a perfect transformer
whose primary is supplied by 220V-50Hz. The accumulator is connected in series
with a resistance R which limits the current to 50 A. The secondary voltage of the
transformer is sin 2 ) ( V v = , where t = and V = 90V.
REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON
Peace Work Fatherland

GTHS KUMBO/ ELECT DPT

SECOND SEQUENCE EXAM
Class: F
3
7
Option: Electrotechnology
Duration: 03H
Coefficient: 3
Written paper
POWER ELECTRONICS
No document is allowed except the one given to
the candidates by the examiners.
GTHS KUMBO_Electrical Department_Second sequence exam....Nov.2011
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A. Qualitative study:
2.1 Sketch the circuit diagram described above.
2.2 Draw in a synchronous manner, the following waveforms:
The voltage v at the transformer secondary, and u
C
across the load;
The current i
C
flowing through the load.
2.3 Let t1 and t2 be the opening and closing times of the circuit respectively.
Determine the conducting and blocking states of the diodes by completing the
table below.
Intervals
Diodes 0 to t1 t1 to t2 t2 to T/2
D1
D2
D3
D4
B. Quantitative study:
2.4 Calculate:
a. The conducting angle of each diode.
b. The transformer ratio.
c. The value of the resistance R.
2.5 Give the expression of the current i
C
flowing through the load in terms of .
2.6 Determine:
a. The average and r.m.s values of the current i
C
in the battery.
b. The charging time.
c. The efficiency of the operating system.
Exercise 3: Single phase controlled rectification.
A thyristor is connected in series with a load resistance R = 10 . The supply voltage
is t t u 314 sin 2 120 ) ( = . For a delay angle
o
45 = :
a. Draw in synchronism u(t) and u
R
(t).
b. The average load voltage and current.
c. The effective load voltage and current.
d. The power consumed.
Subject Master: NGOUNE Jean-Paul, PLET
Electrotechnics, GTHS Kumbo.
GTHS KUMBO_Electrical Department_Second sequence exam....Nov.2011
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PROPOSITION OF SOLUTION :
Exercise 1: Single phase non controlled rectifier.
Data: t t u 314 sin 2 12 ) ( = ; R = 200 ;
4
5
0

= ; the diode is assumed to be perfect.

1. Diagram of the circuit:
T D
R
L
u(t)
2. Waveforms.
pi 2pi
wt
T/2
T
5pi/4
2T
u(t)
uL(t)
uD(t)
iL(t)
0
0
0
0
3T/2
wt
wt
wt
3. Average load voltage.
| | ( )
0
max
0
max
0
max
cos 1
2
cos
2
sin
2
1
0
0

= = =
}
U U
d U U
LAV
N.A.: U
LAV
= 4.6128V.
GTHS KUMBO_Electrical Department_Second sequence exam....Nov.2011
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4. Effective load voltage:
|
.
|

\
|
=
(

= |
.
|

\
|
= =
} }
2
2 sin
4
2
2 sin
4 2
2 cos 1
2
sin
2
1
0
0
2
max
0
0
2
max
0
2
max 2
0
2
max
2
0 0

U
U
U
d
U
d U U
Lf
Lf
N.A: U
Lf
= 8.86V
5. Average load current:
mA
R
U
I
LAV
LAV
06 . 23
200
6128 . 4
= = =
Exercise 2: Battery charger.
Data: Q = 345Ah; E = 90V; U = 220V 50Hz; I
max
= 50A; t t v sin 2 90 ) ( = .
1. Circuit diagram:
T
E
R
u(t) v(t)
D1 D2
D3
D4
2. Waveforms.
t
t
0
0
v(t)
uL(t)
iL(t)
T/2 T 3T/2
E
t1 t2
GTHS KUMBO_Electrical Department_Second sequence exam....Nov.2011
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3. Table of functioning.
Intervals
Diodes 0 to t1 t1 to t2 t2 to T/2
D1 0 1 0
D2 0 0 0
D3 0 0 0
D4 0 1 0
4. a. Conducting angle of each diode.
1
being the angle at which the conduction start, we have:
2
2
2
1
2 90
90
sin sin
max
1 1 max
= = = = =
U
E
E U
Hence,
0
1
45 = ;
0 0
2
135 45 = =
Therefore, the conducting angle for each diode is given as follows:
0 0 0
1 2
90 45 135 = = =
C
4. b. Transformer ratio.
409 . 0
220
90
= = =
U
V
m
4. c Value of R.
O =

= + = 745 . 0
50
90 2 90
max
max
max max
I
E V
R RI E V
5. Expression of the load current in terms of .
A
R
E v
i 8 . 120 sin 836 . 170
745 . 0
90 sin 2 90 ) (
) ( =

6.a. Average load current.

The average load current is given by the following formula.
( ) A E V
R
I
C LAV
51 . 16 90
2
14 . 3
45 cos 2 90 2
745 . 0 14 . 3
1
cos 2
1
0
1 max
= |
.
|

\
|

= =

R.m.s value.
A I I
c
Lf
25
2
2
50
2
max
= = =

GTHS KUMBO_Electrical Department_Second sequence exam....Nov.2011

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6.b. Charging time.
s h h t t I Q
LAV
45 min 53 20 896 . 20
51 . 16
345
. = = = =
6.c. Efficiency.
0
0
2 2
14 . 76 7614 . 0
51 . 16 90 25 745 . 0
51 . 16 90
. .
.
= =
+

=
+
=
+
=
LAV
Lf
LAV
u J
u
I E I R
I E
P P
P

Exercise 3: Single phase controlled rectification.

Let us consider the following figure:
T
R
u(t)
t t u 314 sin 2 120 ) ( = . The delay angle of the thyristor is 45.
a. Waveforms.
t
t
u(t)
uR(t)
0
0 T/2 T
T/8 9T/8
b. Average load voltage.
| | ( ) ( ) V
U U
d U U
LAV
131 . 46 45 cos 1
14 . 3 2
2 120
cos 1
2
cos
2
sin
2
1
0
0
max max
max
0
0
= +

= + = = =
}

GTHS KUMBO_Electrical Department_Second sequence exam....Nov.2011

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Average load current.
A
R
U
I
LAV
Lav
6131 . 4 = =
c. Effective load voltage.
V U
U U
d U U
f
Lf
89 . 80
2
2 sin
4 2
2 sin
4
sin
2
1
0
0
2
max
2
max 2
max
2 2
0
0
=
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
(

= =
}

Effective load current.

I
f
= 8.089A.
d. Power consumed.
A I R P
f
31 . 654
2
= = .
END
AKNOWLEDGEMENT
Exercise 1 and exercise 2 solved in this document are past Baccalaureat Technique
examination questions proposed by the Cameroon General Certificate of Education
Board (CGCEB).
GTHS KUMBO_Electrical Department_Second sequence exam....Nov.2011
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR
NGOUNE Jean-Paul is a teacher in the electrical
department at GTHS KUMBO. He is teaching this year
in the following subjects: Power electronics, Electrical
Machines, Digital and Analogue Circuits, Electricity-
Electronics, and Automation.
Any suggestion or critic is welcome
NGOUNE Jean-Paul, PLET, DEA.(Electrical Engineering).
P.O. Box: 102 NSO, Kumbo, Cameroon.
Phone: (+237) 7506 2458.
Email : jngoune@yahoo.fr
Web site : www.scribd.com/jngoune