Problem 1

(Forced Vibration) For the system shown below, determine the amplitude of the steady state displacement of point A for forced vibration.

F (t)= 0.01 Sin 250 t A a=3.0 m K=100,000 N/m

pivot, O

m=5 kg, length =L beam c = 400 N.s/m

b=1.0 m

For a bar, JG =mL2/12.

MEEM 3700
Problem Set 2

Problem 2 (Forced Vibration)

A steel frame supports a turbine driven exhaust fan. At a speed of 400 rpm, the amplitude of motion is 4.5 mm measured at the floor level of the fan. At a speed of 500 rpm, the amplitude is 10 mm. No resonant condition is observed in changing speed from 400 to 500 rpm. To decrease this intolerable vibration, it is proposed to add a slab of concrete beneath the turbine. The mass of the slab is chosen such that the total mass of the system with the fan is doubled. Does this solve the vibration problem?

MEEM 3700
Problem Set 2

Problem 3 (Forced Vibration)

Determine the amplitude of the steady state displacement of the mass for forced vibration.

c= 100 N.s/m

K1=30,000 N/m

m= 2.8 kg

x(t)
K2= 15,000 N/m

y (t) = 0.02 sin(100t)

MEEM 3700
Problem Set 2

Problem 4 (Base Motion)

During an earthquake, the one-story frame structure shown below is subjected to a ground vibration amplitude of 0.1 m at 10 Hz. a) Determine the amplitude of motion of the girder. Assume the girder is rigid and the structure has a damping ratio of 0.03. b) What is the amplitude of acceleration of the structure?
x(t)

Columns K= 1.8 MN/m y(t) Ground

Girder mass=150Kg.

MEEM 3700
Problem Set 2

Problem 5
(Base Motion) A fragile instrument and its housing, which together weigh 10 lbs, are mounted on four symmetrically located identical springs as a means of isolating the instrument from the vibration of the table supporting it. Measurements indicate that the table reaches a maximum amplitude of 0.004 inch somewhere in the frequency range of 20 to 30 Hz. Determine the spring constant k of each spring so that the amplitude of vibration of the instrument will be limited to 0.0002 inch as a maximum.

MEEM 3700
Problem Set 2

Problem 6
(Base Motion) One of the wheels and leaf springs of an automobile, traveling over a rough road, is shown in the figure below. For simplicity, all the wheels can be assumed to be identical and the system can be idealized as shown. The automobile has a mass of m 1 =100 kg and the leaf springs have a total stiffness of k 1 =400 kN/m. The wheels and axles have a mass of m 2 =300 kg and the tires have a stiffness of k2 =500 kN/m. If the road surface varies sinusoidally with an amplitude of Y=0.1 and a period of l=6 m, find the steady state displacement X1 of the automobile.

MEEM 3700
Problem Set 2

Problem 7
(Base Motion) A sensitive computer is being transported by rail in a box car. Acelerometer measurements indicate that when the train is traveling at its normal speed of 85 m/s the dominant component of the box cars vertical acceleration is 8.5 m/s2 at a frequency of 5.73 Hz. The crate in which the computer is being transported is being tied to the floor of the boxcar. What is the required stiffness of the isolator with a dampingraito of 0.5 such that the acceleration amplitude of the 60 kg computer is less than 0.5 m/s2? With this isolator, what is the displacement of the computer relative to the crate?

MEEM 3700
Problem Set 2

Problem 8
(Force Transmissibility) A pump system is to be installed as shown in the diagram below. The pump and the base have a combined mass of 150 kg. The pump operates at 1750 rpm with a maximum unbalance of 0.002 kg-m. The isolation system has an equivalent stiffness of 7.3 x 10 6 N/m, and a damping ratio of 0.1. Determine: a) The steady state displacement amplitude of the pump b) The force transmissibility ratio c) The force transmitted to the ground d) Should the physical damping of the isolation be decreased or increased to reduce the force transmitted to the base at the operating speed?
Pump base

MEEM 3700
Problem Set 2

Problem 9
(Force Transmissibility) An air compressor having a mass of 80 kg and operating at a speed of 600 rpm was recently purchased by ABC corporation. The company is investigating suitable isolators to mount the compressor to the foundation. It is desired to limit the force transmitted to the base to a Transmissibility Ratio (TR) of 2.5 as the compressor passes through the resonance during startup. In addition, an isolation, of 90% (i.e. 10% TR) is to be achieved at the operating speed of the machine. Design a suitable isolator for the compressor. Your design should specify both the viscous damping coefficient (C) for the damper, and the spring constant (K) for the stiffness element.

MEEM 3700
Problem Set 2

Problem 10
(Rotating Unbalance) A variable speed compressor operates between 400 and 600 rpm. The compressor has a mass of 450 kg and is mounted on springs having stiffness of 2000 kN/m. a.) Determine the maximum unbalance (me) allowed if the maximum allowable displacement within the operating speed range is 0.5 mm assuming no damping. b.) Repeat part a, if damping is added with c=2000 N*s/m.

MEEM 3700
Problem Set 2

10

Problem 11 (Rotating Unbalance)

A variable speed electric motor, having an unbalance, is mounted on an isolator. As the speed of the motor is increased from zero, the amplitudes of the vibration of the motor have been observed to be 0.55 in. at resonance and 0.15 in. beyondresonance (i.e. far away from resonance). Find the damping ratio of the suspension system.

MEEM 3700
Problem Set 2

11

Problem 12
(Force Transmissibility & Rotating Unbalance)) A simplified model of a washing machine is illustrated in the figure below. A bundle of wet clothes forms a mass of 1 kg (m u) in the machine and causes a rotating unbalance. The total mass of the washer includes the clothes is 20 kg (M) and the radius of the washer basket (e) is 0.25 m. Assume that the spin cycle rotates at 300 rpm. Let K be 1000 N/m and =0.01. a.) Calculate the magnitude of the unbalance force causing the vibration of the machine. b.) What percent of the above force is transmitted to the foundation? c.) Calculate the magnitude of the force transmittedinto the foundation? d.) Suggest and EXPLAIN two ways of reducing the force transmission to the foundation without altering the speed of the spin cycle. i.) ii.)

MEEM 3700
Problem Set 2

12

Problem 13
(Force Transmissibility) A compressor as shown in the figure below has a mass m of 934 kg, and operates at 1800 rpm. At the operating speed, undesirable vibration occurs when the compressor is attached directly to the floor of a small building in a manufacturing plant. To reduce this problem, it is proposed to isolate the compressor by mounting it on a square concrete block as shown. The density of the concrete in the block has been measured to be 2402 kg/m 3 , and the stiffness of the block and soil has been experimentally determin ed to be 81.44 x 10 6 N/m. The geometry of the block leads to choosing a block of 2 by 2 m. You are asked to determine the depth h of the block that will yield a 75 percent reduction in the force transmitted by the compressor-block system to the supporting soil. You may neglect the dampin g of the block in your calculations and use the model in Fig. (b) below.

MEEM 3700
Problem Set 2

13

Problem 14 (Rotating Unbalance)

One of the tail rotor blades of a helicopter has an unbalance mass of m=0.5 kg at a distance of e=0.15 m from the axis of rotation, as shown in the figure below. The tail section has a length of 4 m, a mass of 240 kg, a flexural stiffness (EI) of 2.5 x 10 6 N-m 2 , and a damping ratio of 0.15. The mass of the tail rotor blades, including their drive system is 20 kg. Determine the amplitude of steady state response of the tail section when the blade rotates at 1500 rpm.

MEEM 3700
Problem Set 2

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