IJCEM International Journal of Computational Engineering & Management, Vol.

14, October 2011

ISSN (Online): 2230-7893
www.IJCEM.org
IJCEM
www.ijcem.org
53
Performance Evaluation of Convolutional coded WiMAX System
for BPSK & QAM Modulation Techniques
Kanchan Sharma
1
, Anagha Chougaonkar
2
1,2
ECE-DEPARTMENT,
1
IP UNIVERSITY,
2
UP-TECH. UNIVERSITY

1
Sharma_kanchan@yahoo.com,

2
anagha_pc@yahoo.co.in


Abstract
The telecommunication industries insisted on new technology
with high transmission abilities standardized by IEEE 802.16
also referred as WiMAX .It has two patterns fixed(802.16d-2004)
and mobile(802.16d-2005) which are based on OFDM. This
paper is about study and implementation of Convolutional coded
WiMAX system comparing different modulation schemes such
as BPSK and QAM . The performance has been concluded based
on BER and SNR through MATLAB Simulation.

KeywordsBER, BPSK, IFFT, IEEE 802.16 OFDM, QAM,
SNR, WiMAX

I.INTRODUCTION
WiMAX is introduced by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronic Engineers(IEEE) which
is designated by 802.16 to provide world wide
interoperability for microwave access.There are
fixed(802.16d) and mobile(802.16e)
WiMAX.This technology offers a high
speed,secure,sophisticate ,last mile broadband
service,ensuring a flexible and cheap solution to
certain rural access zones.In a fixed wireless
communication, WiMAX can replace the
telephone company's copper wire networks, the
cable TV's coaxial cable infrastructure. In its
mobile variant it can replace cellular networks. In
comparison with Wi-Fi and Cellular technology,
Wi-Fi provides a high data rate, but only on a
short range of distances and with a slow
movement of the user. And Cellular offers larger
ranges and vehicular mobility, but it provides
lower data rates, and requires high investments
for its deployment. WiMAX tries to balance this
situation. WiMAX fills the gap between Wi-Fi
and Cellular, thus providing vehicular mobility,
and high service areas and data rates .WiMAX is
a standards based technology for wireless MANs
conforming to parameters which enable
interoperability. WiMAX developments have
been rapidly moving forward.
since the initial standardization efforts in IEEE
802.16. Standards for Fixed WiMAX (IEEE
802.16d-2004) were announced as final in 2004,
followed by Mobile WiMAX (IEEE 802.16e) in
2005, which are based on orthogonal frequency
division multiplexing (OFDM) technology.
OFDM is a transmission technique built for high
speed bi-directional wired or wireless data
communication[1,2].OFDM has high PAPR.
Advantages of OFDM :
1. Channel bandwidth is divided into
multiple subchannels ,i.e multicarrier
transmission which is a method for the
efficient utilization of the band width.
2. Subcarriers are orthogonal to each other
in frequency domain which reduces ISI
and frequency-selective fading. The
technique is based upon the idea of
multi-carrier modulation (MCM) where
transmitted data is modulated on several
orthogonal carrier frequencies. The
subcarriers are closely spaced together
but still orthogonal, which means that
they are perpendicular in a mathematical
sense, and do not interfere with each
other
The implementations of OFDM in WIMAX technology
today have been done by using FFT and its inverse
operation IFFT,uses the formula given below.[1]

1
2 . /
0
1
;
N
jnk N
n k
k
x X e
N
t

=
| |
=
|
\ .

Where N=0,1,2N-1.

II.SYSTEM INTEGRATION AND
IMPLEMENTATION OF WORK FLOW
In the development and testing of IEEE 802.16d Wireless
MAN-OFDM PHY, the specifications of communication
transfer have varying systems, which are based on our
needs. For our study, we used the standard communication
system box with a map provided by Matlab, which
contains the following: Internal Communications Block
IJCEM International Journal of Computational Engineering & Management, Vol. 14, October 2011
ISSN (Online): 2230-7893
www.IJCEM.org
IJCEM
www.ijcem.org
54
set, Signal processing Block set, and Simulink Blockset.
These correspond to our use of the hardware development
platform. The overall WIMAX PHY system construction is
opened in
the Simulink interface and Matlab is used to communicate
the internal functions. We intend to build a finished system
into a module, in accordance with the code of each block.
Through this, we can perform the compilation and
completion that will be automatically compiled in Matlab.
The overall system workflow is given below.





































The basic block of wireless communication is given
below fig.1

Fig.1
Where
Transmitter block consists of:
1.Input is Bernoulli Binary
2.FEC(Convolution Code,RS Code)
3.Modulation(BPSK and QAM)
4.OFDM Transmitter(IFFT)

Channel can be AWGN,RICIAN and Both.
And Receiver block consists of:
1.OFDM Receiver(FFT)
2.Demodulator
3.Decoder.(Viterbi decoder,RS Decoder)

Parameters for Simulation:
Channel Bandwidth is 3.5MHz
Cyclic Prefix-1/8
Output Datatype-Boolean
Samples per frame-864
The model for convolutional coded WiMAX system using
BPSK modulation and QAM modulation is shown.
The detailed diagram is given below:

1.without channel(BPSK) in fig.2

BER
#Bits
#Errors
Zero pad
tail byte
Pad
Pad
Viterbi Decoder
Viterbi Decoder
Select
Bits
Pad
Rx Constellation
OFDM
Receiver
OFDM
Transmitter
Multipath Rician
Fading Channel
Rician
Fading
Simulation
Settings
IFFT Input
Packing
Extract
Data Carriers
Error Rate
Calculation
Error Rate
Calculation
Tx
Rx
Convolutional
Encoder
Convolutional
Encoder
Gain & Phase
Compensator
Bit Error Rate
Display
Bernoulli Binary
Generator
Bernoulli
Binary
BPSK
Modulator
BPSK
BPSK
Demodulator
BPSK


Fig.2


2.with AWGN Channel(BPSK) in fig.3

Bernoulli Sequence generator.

FEC(Convolution&RS) code
Modulation(BPSK,QAM)
OFDM Transmitter
Channel(AWGN/RICIAN)
OFDM Receiver
Demodulator/Decoder
Measure BER for Eb/No
IJCEM International Journal of Computational Engineering & Management, Vol. 14, October 2011
ISSN (Online): 2230-7893
www.IJCEM.org
IJCEM
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55
BER
#Bits
#Errors
Zero pad
tail byte
Pad
Pad
Viterbi Decoder
Viterbi Decoder
To Workspace
abcd
Select
Bits
Pad
Rx Constellation
OFDM
Receiver
OFDM
Transmitter
Simulation
Settings
IFFT Input
Packing
Extract
Data Carriers
Error Rate
Calculation
Error Rate
Calculation
Tx
Rx
Convolutional
Encoder
Convolutional
Encoder
Gain & Phase
Compensator
Multipath Fading
Channel with
AWGN
Bit Error Rate
Display
Bernoulli Binary
Generator
Bernoulli
Binary
BPSK
Modulator
BPSK
BPSK
Demodulator
BPSK

Fig.3

The above models are simulated in matlab the simulation
rate is .025 and the results are recorded.




1.WITH OUT CHANNEL(QAM) fig.4




fig.4

2.WITH AWGN CHANNEL(QAM) fig 5

BER
#Bits
#Errors
Zero pad
tail byte
Pad
Pad
Viterbi Decoder
Viterbi Decoder
To Workspace2
abcd 2
To Workspace1
abcd 1
To Workspace
abcd
Select
Bits
Pad
Rx Constellation
RS Encoder 6
Punctured
Reed -Solomon Encoder
RS Decoder 6
Punctured
Reed -Solomon Decoder
OFDM
Receiver
OFDM
Transmitter
Simulation
Settings
IFFT Input
Packing
Extract
Data Carriers
Error Rate
Calculation
Error Rate
Calculation
Tx
Rx
Convolutional
Encoder
Convolutional
Encoder
Gain & Phase
Compensator
Multipath Fading
Channel with
AWGN
Bit Error Rate
Display
Bernoulli Binary
Generator
Bernoulli
Binary
64-QAM
Modulator 5
64-QAM
Modulator
64-QAM
Demodulator 6
64-QAM
Demodulator


fig.5

After running the model the transmitter constellation is
observed as below fig.6



Fig.6
The output is observed for BPSK and QAM (fig.7,8)


Fig.7




Fig.8
The BER Figure is given below:
Without channel
BER for bpsk::.4471
BER For QAM:.00463
IJCEM International Journal of Computational Engineering & Management, Vol. 14, October 2011
ISSN (Online): 2230-7893
www.IJCEM.org
IJCEM
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56
Through channel AWGN
For bpsk:BER:.4481
For QAM .08141

Results and graph is given below

Graph is in between different SNR vs BER.
For BPSK Modulation Tech.

SNR BER
10 0.456
20 0.4484
30 0.448
40 0.448


Table.1



Graph1.
QAM Modulation Tech.

SNR BER
10 0.5
20 0.4226
30 0.08141
40 0.01085
50 0.005943

Table2.



Graph2

Conclusions
It is observed that in convolutional coded BPSK system
the BER-0.448 ,But it get reduced to ZERO
Approximately in convolutional coded QAM system(BER-
0.00463).For further working on the system and sending
through AWGN Channel we observed that the BER is less
in case of QAM .

References
[1] Intel (2006). Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiplexing.<http://www.intel.com/netcomms/technologie
s/wimax/303787.pdf>.
[2] Wikipedia (2006). <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
OFDM>.
[3] WiMAX Forum (2006). <http://www.wimaxforum.
org/>.
[4] Intel (2006). Understanding Wi-Fi and WiMAX as
Metro-access Solutions. <http://www.intel.com/netcomms/
technologies/wimax/304471.pdf>.
[5] WiMAX Forum (2004). WiMAX.s technology for LOS
and NLOS environments.
<http://www.wimaxforum.org/news/downloads/WiMAXN
LOSgeneralversionaug04.pdf>.
[6] IEEE Standard 802.16-2004 (2004). <http://standards.
ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.16-2004.pdf>.
[7] Michael Komara (2004). SDR Architecture Ideally
Suited For Evolving 802.16 WiMAX Standards.
<http://www.aircom.com/KomaraWiMAX.pdf>.
[8] J. Heiskala & J. Terry (2001). OFDM Wireless LANs:
A Theoretical and Practical Guide. Sams, 1st edition.
ISBN 0672321572.