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Complex Analysis
Sunder Lal
Retired Professor of Mathematics Panjab University Chandigarh
(1 x
1 6
sin2 a + bcos d = 1 2
0
= 1
2
1 2
0
= 1 2
|z|=1
dz iz(a + b
2
= 1 i
|z|=1
dz (z + 1
z
bz2 + 2az + b 1 ))
= a + b a2 b2 ,z
2
= pole at b z=z
1
| > 1, but |z
1
z
2
| = 1 so |z
1
is zz lim
1
bz2 Let zz
1
+ 2az + b = 2bz
1
1 = 2 a2 1 b2 . Thus I
1
= 2i 1 i 2 a2 1 b2 = I
2
+ 2a = 1 2
0 2
a + cos2 bcos d = 1 2 Re
0 2
e2i d a + bcos = 1 2 Re 1 i
2z2 dz
|z|=1
= 2 1 b z
1
z2
1
z
2
Thus I
1
I
2
= b(z
1
2 z
2
) b(z 2z2
1
1 z
2
) = 2
a2 2 b2 (1 z2
1
= is z
(1+z)2
a1
clockwise, and
R
a circle of radius R oriented anticlockwise. AB is along x-axis on which z = x, CD is the line on which z = xe2i. To avoid the branch point of the multiple valued function log z, we consider C positive side of the x-axis. We choose the branch of log z for which logz = log|z| + i,0 < 2. 2 AB O
r
DC
1 1! [ (z + 1)2z ]
at z=1
= d
1 6
dz logz [ z
1 6
(z + 1)2 z 1 6 z 5
6
]
at z=1=ei
(
6
cos ) = logei + 6 6e
5i 6
= i + 6 6 5 6 isin 5 6 3 2 ) = 3 + i) (b) On
R
i + 6 6 1 2 i 12 1 (6 + i)( , z = Rei, |z+1| |z|1 = R1 and |logz| = |logRei| = |log R+i| log R + logR + 2 as 0 2. Thus
R
(1 z
1 6
+ logz z)2
dz
2
R
1 6
(logR (R 1)2 + 2) Rd = 2 (R R 7
6
log R 2R
7 6
lim
R
(1 z
1
z
1 6
log z (1 + z)2 dz
2
r
1 6
(logr (1 r)2 + 2) rd = 2 (1 r
7 6
lim [ r
7 6
log r (1 r)2 + 2r
7 6
lim
r
z
1 6
lim
C
f(z)dz =
0
(1 x
1 6
+ logx x)2 dx +
0
(xe2i)
1 6
log(xe2i)
3 + i) ( 1 2 x 2 3 i ) (1 0
1 6
+ logx x)2 dx
(1 x
1 6
+ logx x)2 dx x
0
1 6
e x
2i 6 1 6
(1 (1 (log (1 2 ++ + x)2 x
2
1 2
0
3) (1) x
1 6
logx (1 + x)2 3 dx + 3 (1 + x
1 6
x)2 dx = 6 (6 + 2
0 0
+ logx
x)2 dx (1 + x
1 6
(1 x
1 6
[ 6+ ] = 6
2
1 6
x
1 6
(1 + x)2 [ 3 + 3 + 6 3 ] giving us
0
dx = 6 6 x
1 6
2 (1 + x)2 3 4
dx =