ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.

1-2004
ASHRAEs Newest Commercial Building Standard Rocky Mountain Chapter Technical Conference May 18, 2007
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Western Mechanical Solutions, llc

Michael K. Fulton, P.E. BSME

2 Years as a General Contractor 3 Years as a Consulting Engineer 7 Years as a Sales Engineer 6 Years as a Sales Manager
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Standard 90.1-2004
Developed jointly by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) and the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) Developed under American National Standards Institute (ANSI) consensus guidelines
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Standard 90.1-2004
Developed with participation from many building and construction organizations including:
American Institute of Architects (AIA) Building Owners and Managers Association (BOMA) North American Insulation Manufacturers Association (NAIMA) Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (ARI) Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association (GAMA)
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Predecessors to Standard 90.1-2004

Standard 90.1-1999
The US DOE found ASHRAE Standard 90.1-1999 did save energy and states were required to adopt a code that met or exceeded the provisions of Standard 90.1-1999 as their commercial building code by July 15, 2004.

Standard 90.1-2001
Used as the basis of the IECC The US DOE did not issue a formal determination on this standard
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Mandatory, Enforceable Language

Standard 90.1-2004 is a code-intended standard. As such, it is written in unambiguous language intended to allow a code official to say that complies or that doesnt There are no shoulds, coulds or shall consider phrases just lots of shalls
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Based on Consistent Economic Criteria

While previous ASHRAE standards were based on professional judgment combined with analysis of energy and cost impacts, Standard 90.1-2004 is the most recent attempt to use consistent economic criteria as the basis for requirements.
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True Prescriptive Paths

Anyone who has ever tried to use the ACP tables in Standard 90.1-1989 knows that there is not a true prescriptive path for envelope in the older ASHRAE standards. One of the code friendly features of codes is that they do have a simple prescriptive path for all buildings.
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Renovations and Retrofits

ASHRAE Standards before Standard 90.11999 were more or less silent on the concept. All standards were designed for new construction but what does that mean? ASHRAE worked with BOMA on Chapter 4 to develop detailed rules for how Standard 90.12004 should be applied to renovations and retrofits.
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Minimally Conditioned Buildings

Buildings that are minimally conditioned or minimally used should not need as stringent energy requirements as buildings that are fully conditioned or fully used. Standard 90.1-1999 took a first step in dealing with minimally conditioned buildings in its semi-heated space envelope requirements, and these requirements are contained in Standard 90.1-2004
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Climate Zones
Standard 90.1-2004 uses climate zones developed for the the US on a county-bycountry basis and expressed in map form. The map is the same map used in recent versions of the IECC, and above code documents like ASHRAEs Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small Office Buildings.

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Interpretations for Standard 90.1

Users Manual
Provides much of the background

Formal Interpretations
Formal written interpretations take time

Informal Interpretations
Quick, informal answers to questions

Steve Ferguson - ASHRAE Assistant Manager of Standards (404) 636-8400

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Standard 90.1 Present

Standard 90.1-2001 is the reference standard for the 2003 IECC Standard 90.1-2004 will be the reference standard for NFPA 5000 and the 2006 IECC Standard 90.1-2001s Energy Cost Budget method (coupled with 90.1-2001 Addenda e, now 90.1-2004 Appendix G) is the basis for LEED energy points certification
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Standard 90.1-2004
A total of 32 addenda to Standard 90.1-2001 were processed to completion in time for inclusion in Standard 90.1-2004. See Informative Appendix F to Standard 90.12004 for details Addenda - 1 admin, 3 ECB, 7 lighting and power, 4 envelope, and 17 mechanical

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Standard 90.1 - 2007

Next version - 90.1-2007
Still being developed under continuous maintenance Addenda under public review

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Organization of Standard 90.1

1 2 3 4 Purpose Scope Definitions Administration and Enforcement 5 Building Envelope 6 Heating, Ventilating, and AirConditioning 7 Service Water Heating 8 Power 9 Lighting 10 Other Equipment 11 Energy Cost Budget Method 12 Normative References
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Section 6 - HVAC Compliance

Mandatory Provisions (6.4)

Prescriptive Path (6.5)

Energy Cost Budget (11)

Simplified Approach (6.3)

Compliance

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Simplified Approach Option

(Section 6.3) Limited to
buildings with 1 or 2 stories buildings < 25,000ft2 single-zone systems air-cooled or evaporatively-cooled only Outside air qty less than 3000 cfm at min
Simplified Approach

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Simplified Approach (contd)

Manual changeover or dual set-point thermostat Heat pump supplementary heat control No reheat or simultaneous heating and cooling for humidity control Time clocks (except hotel/motel) Pipe and ductwork insulated Ducted system to be air balanced to within 10% of design air flow rates Interlocked thermostats to prevent simultaneous heating and cooling Closing exhaust dampers (design capacity > 300 cfm unless continuous operation) Optimum start controls (design supply air capacity > 10,000 cfm) 19

HVAC Mandatory Provisions

(Section 6.4) Overview
Mandatory Provisions

Mechanical Equipment Efficiency (Section 6.4.1) Load Calculations (Section 6.4.2) Controls (Section 6.4.3) HVAC System Construction and Insulation (Section 6.4.4) Completion Requirements (Section 6.7) Required in both Prescriptive and ECB compliance paths
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions

Mechanical Equipment Efficiency

(Section 6.4.1)
Table 6.8.1E (note Tables A, B, D, F and G addenda supplement package for efficiencies) Combination systems to meet all requirements for appropriate space heating or cooling category Equipment covered
Package air conditioners Heat pumps Chillers Packaged terminal room air conditioners Furnaces Boilers Heat rejection equipment
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions

Load Calculations
(Section 6.4.2) Determined in accordance with generally accepted engineering standards and handbooks acceptable to the adopting authority
Another difference from the 1989 standard should be noted. It allowed a load safety factor of 10%. To give designers latitude, for example when expansions are planned, there is no longer an oversizing restriction.
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions

Controls Overview (Section 6.4.3)

Zone Thermostatic controls (Section 6.4.3.1) Set Point Overlap Restrictions (Section 6.4.3.2) Off-Hour controls (Section 6.4.3.3) Ventilation System Controls (Section 6.4.3.4) Where dampers are required (Section 6.4.3.3.4) Heat Pump Auxiliary Heat Control (Section 6.4.3.4) Humidifier Preheat Controls (Section 6.4.3.5) Humidification and Dehumidification Controls (Section 6.4.3.6) Freeze Protection and Snow/Ice Melting Systems (Section 6.4.3.7) Ventilation Controls for High-Occupancy Areas (Section 6.4.3.8) Exceptions
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Controls

Dead Band (Section 6.4.3.1.2)

Thermostats must have a 5F dead band Exceptions
Thermostats that require manual changeover between heating and cooling modes Special occupancy or special applications where wide temperature ranges are not acceptable (such as retirement homes, process applications, data processing, museums, some areas of hospitals) and are approved by the authority having jurisdiction. Addendum
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Controls

Set Point Overlap Restriction

(Section 6.4.3.1.3) If limit switches, mechanical stops, or software programming for DDC systems are used
means will be provided to prevent the heating set point from exceeding the cooling set point minus any applicable proportional band

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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Controls

Off-Hour Controls (Section 6.4.3.3)

Systems with heating/cooling and fan 1 hp and above:
Shall have all of the following off-hour controls - automatic shutdown - setback controls - optimum start controls - shutoff damper controls - zone isolation

Exceptions, HVAC systems

serving hotel/motel guestrooms intended to operate continuously Less than 15,000 BTU/h with Manual on/off

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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Controls

Automatic Shutdown
(Section 6.4.3.3.1)
Controls to operate on different time schedules for seven different day-types per week and retain programming and time setting during loss of power for at least 10 hrs OR
occupant sensor, OR manually-operated timer with maximum two hour duration, OR interlocked to security system
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Controls

Setback Controls
(Section 6.4.3.3.2)
Applies when heating systems are located where heating design temperature is in Climate zone 2-8 and cooling systems located in zones 1b, 2b, and 3b.
Colorado is in climate zones 5b, 6b and 7

Heating set point adjustable down to 55F Cooling set point adjustable up to 90F or to prevent high space humidity levels Exception Radiant floor and ceiling heating systems
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Controls

Optimum Start Controls

(Section 6.4.3.3.3)
Individual heating and cooling air distribution systems with
total design supply air capacity > 10,000 cfm served by one or more supply fans

Control algorithm to at least be a function of

difference between space temperature and occupied setpoint and amount of time prior to scheduled occupancy

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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Controls

Zone Isolation (Section 6.4.3.3.4)

Each isolation area
Maximum 25,000 ft2 zone on one floor Ability to shut off airflow to isolation area Automatic shutdown device Central systems capable of stable operation for smallest isolation area
Review low load operation of equipment at the lowest load of smallest isolation area
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Controls

Shutoff Damper Controls

(Section 6.4.3.3.3)
Motorized dampers for outdoor air supply and exhaust systems that will automatically shut when not in use Ventilation outside air dampers to be capable of automatically shutting off during preoccupancy building warm up, cool down, and setback (Except when ventilation reduces energy costs or when ventilation must be supplied to meet code requirements) Supply and exhaust dampers to have maximum leakage rate meeting Table 6.4.3.3.4 when tested in accordance with AMCA Standard 500
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Controls

Shutoff Damper Controls - Exceptions (Section 6.4.3.3.3) Gravity dampers okay in buildings
< 3 stories in height any height in climate zones 1, 2 and 3 Systems with design outside air intake or exhaust capacity 300 cfm or less

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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Controls

Dampers (Section 6.4.3.3.4) Max leakage rate - Table 6.4.3.3.4 Denver climate zone 5b
10 cfm/ft2 at 1 motorized 20 cfm/ft2 at 1 non motorized Exception non motorized dampers less than 24 in either dimension is 40 cfm/ft2

Mountains climate zone 6b and 7 max leakage is 4 cfm/ft2 at 1

Non motorized not allowed
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Controls

Ventilation Fan Controls (Section 6.4.3.3.5)

Fans with motors greater than hp shall have automatic controls complying with Section 6.4.3.2.1 that are capable of shutting off fans when not required. Exception HVAC systems intended to operate continuously.
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Controls

Stair and Shaft Vents

(Section 6.4.3.4.1) Motorized dampers
can be automatically closed during normal building operation interlocked to open as required by fire and smoke detection systems

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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Controls

Gravity Hoods, Vents, and Ventilators (Section 6.4.3.3.2) Motorized dampers to automatically shut when spaces served are not in use Exceptions
Gravity dampers okay in buildings
< 3 stories in height of any height in climate zones 1, 2, 3 Unconditioned spaces
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Controls

Humidifier Preheat
(Section 6.4.3.5) Automatic valve to shut off preheat when humidification isnt required

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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Controls

Humidification and Dehumidification

(Section 6.4.3.6)
For zones served with both humidification and dehumidification capability, means (such as limit switches, mechanical stops, or, for DDC systems, software programming) shall be provided capable of preventing simultaneous operation of humidification and dehumidification equipment. Exceptions desiccant systems Zones where specific humidity levels are required, such as computer rooms, museums, and hospitals and approved by the authority having jurisdiction. Addendum
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Controls

Freeze Protection and Snow/Ice Melting Systems (Section 6.4.3.7) Automatic controls for
Freeze protection systems
off when outside air temperatures > 40F or when conditions of protected fluid will prevent freezing

Snow - and ice-melting systems

pavement temperature > 50F and no precipitation is falling and outdoor temperature > 40F
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Controls

Ventilation Controls for High-Occupancy Areas (Revised Section 6.4.3.8)

Revised Section 6.4.3.8 as follows: 6.4.3.8 Ventilation Controls for High-Occupancy Areas. Demand Control Ventilation (DCV) is required for spaces larger than 500 ft2 (50m2) and with a design occupancy for ventilation of greater than 40 people per 1000 ft2 (100 m2) of floor area and served by systems with one or more of the following: a. an air-side economizer b. automatic modulating control of the outdoor air damper, or c. a design outdoor airflow greater than 3000 CFM (1,400 L/s) Exceptions to 6.4.3.8: Systems with energy recovery complying with 6.5.6.1. Multiple-zone systems without direct-digital control of individual zones communicating with a central control panel. System with a design outdoor airflow less than 1,200 CFM (600 L/s). Spaces where the supply air flow rate minus any make up or outgoing transfer air requirement is less than 1,200 CFM (600 L/s).

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HVAC Mandatory Provisions

HVAC System Construction and Insulation Overview (Section 6.4.4)

General (Section 6.4.4.1.1) Duct and Plenum Insulation (Section 6.4.4.1.2) Piping Insulation (Section 6.4.4.1.3) Duct Sealing (Section 6.4.4.2.1) Duct Leakage Tests (Section 6.4.4.2.2)

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HVAC Mandatory Provisions

Insulation General (Section 6.4.4.1.1)

Insulation installed in accordance with industry accepted standards (appendix E) Insulation
Protected from damage due to sunlight, moisture, equipment maintenance, and wind Exposed to weather to be suitable for outdoor service Covering chilled water piping, refrigerant suction piping, or cooling ducts located outside the conditioned space shall include a vapor retardant located outside the insulation, all penetrations and joints of which to be sealed
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/HVAC Insulation

Duct and Plenum Insulation (Section 6.4.4.1.2)

All supply and return ducts and plenums to be insulated per Tables 6.8.2A and 6.8.2B Exceptions
Factory-installed plenums, casings, or ductwork furnished as part of HVAC equipment Ducts or plenums located in heated, semi-heated, or cooled spaces For runouts < 10 ft in length to air terminals or air outlets, the R-value need not exceed R-3.5 Backs of air outlets and outlet plenums exposed to unconditioned or indirectly conditioned spaces with face areas > 5 ft2 need not exceed R-2; those 5 ft2 or less need not be insulated

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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/HVAC Insulation

Duct Sealing
(Section 6.4.4.2.1) Table 6.4.4.2A min Duct Seal Level
Seal level based on duct type (supply, exhaust, return) and duct location (outdoors, unconditioned spaces, conditioned spaces)

Table 6.4.2B Duct Seal Level

lists sealing requirements based on seal level from Table 6.4.4.2A

Standard industry practice

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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/HVAC Insulation

Duct Leakage Tests

(Section 6.4.4.2.2) Designed > 3 in. w.c.
Leak tested Representative sections no less than 25% of the total installed duct area shall be tested Ratings > 3 in. w.c. to be identified on drawings

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Permitted duct leakage

Maximum permitted duct leakage
Lmax = CLP0.65

Where Lmax = maximum permitted leakage in cfm/100 ft2 duct surface area

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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/HVAC Insulation

Piping Insulation
(Section 6.4.4.1.3)
Table 6.8.3
Minimum pipe insulation thickness based on fluid design operating temperature range, insulation conductivity, nominal pipe or tube size, and system type (Heating, SWH, Cooling)

Exceptions
Factory-installed Piping conveying fluids between 60o and 105o F. Piping conveying fluids not heated or cooled where heat gain/loss wont increase energy use Pipe unions in heating systems (steam, steam condensate, and hot water)
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HVAC Prescriptive Path/Economizers

Economizers (Section 6.5.1)

Air Economizers (Section 6.5.1.1) Water Economizers (Section 6.5.1.2) Integrated Economizer Control (Section 6.5.1.3) Economizer Heating System Impact (Section 6.5.1.4)

Prescriptive Path

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HVAC Prescriptive Path/Air Economizers

Economizers (Section 6.5.1)

Each cooling system having a fan shall include either an air or water economizer Exceptions:
Based on cooling size Table 6.5.1 Climate zone 5b, 6b not reqd below 65,000 btu/h Climate zone 7 not reqd below 135,000 btu/h ??? non-particulate air treatment as required by 6.2.1 of ASHRAE Standard 62.1 (addendum) more than 25% of air is to be humidified above 35o dew point Condenser heat recovery required by 6.5.6.2 Some residential Spaces where there is no cooling load at 60 deg Operation less than 20 hours per week Supermarkets where economizer will put load on cases If cooling efficiency exceeds Table 6.3.2

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HVAC Prescriptive Path/Air Economizers

Design Capacity (Section 6.5.1.1.1)

System capable of modulating outdoor air and return air dampers to provide up to 100% of the design supply air quantity as outdoor air for cooling

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HVAC Prescriptive Path/Air Economizers

Control Signal (Section 6.5.1.1.2)

Dampers capable of being sequenced with the mechanical cooling equipment and shall not be controlled by only mixed air temperature Exception
MA limit control in systems controlled from space temperature (such as singlezone systems)
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HVAC Prescriptive Path/Air Economizers

High Limit Shutoff (Section 6.5.1.1.3)

Automatically reducing outdoor air intake to the design minimum outdoor air quantity when outdoor air intake will no longer reduce cooling energy usage Control types for specific climates from Table 6.5.1.1.3A zones 5b, 6b, 7 - Fixed db, Diff db, Electronic Enthalpy, Diff Enthalpy, dewpoint and db temp no fixed enthalpy type High limit settings from Table 6.5.1.1.3B
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HVAC Prescriptive Path/Air Economizers

Dampers (Section 6.5.1.1.4)

Return air and outside air dampers to meet the damper leakage specified in 6.4.3.3.4 Denver 10 CFM per square foot at 1

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HVAC Prescriptive Path/Air Economizers

Relief of Excess Outdoor Air

(Section 6.5.1.1.5)
Means to relieve excess outdoor air during economizer operation to prevent over pressurizing the building Outlet located to avoid recirculation into the building

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HVAC Prescriptive Path/Water Economizers

Water Economizers
(Section 6.5.1.2)
Design Capacity:
Provide 100% cooling capacity at outdoor temps of 50 db/45 wb

Exception:
If dehumidification cannot be met at outdoor temps of 50/45, then you can use 45 db / 40 wb

Max press drop (6.5.1.2.2)

Coils and other heat transfer shall be less than 15 ft or create a secondary loop to reduce press drop
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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Simultaneous Heating and Cooling Limitation (Section 6.5.2)

Zone controls shall be capable of operating in sequence, the supply of heating and cooling energy to the zone to prevent
reheating, recooling, mixing, or simultaneously supplying air previously heated or cooled

Hydronic system controls to prevent reheating or recooling of fluids Exceptions

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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Zone Controls - Exceptions

Zones for which volume of air that is reheated, recooled, or mixed is no greater than the larger of the following Volume of outside air to meet 6.2 of ASHRAE 6.2 for the zone (add) 0.4 cfm/ft2 of zone conditioned floor area 30% of zone design peak supply 300 cfm for zones whose peak flow rate totals no more than 10% of the total fan system flow rate Any higher rate that can be demonstrated to jurisdiction to reduce overall system annual energy usage by offsetting reheat/recool energy losses through a reduction in outdoor air intake for the system. (addendum) Zones where special pressurization relationships, cross-contamination requirements, or code-required minimum circulation rates are such that the variable air volume systems are impractical Zones where at least 75% of the energy for reheating or for providing warm air in mixing systems is provided from a site-recovered (including condenser heat) or site solar energy source
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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Air System Design and Control

(Section 6.5.3)
HVAC systems with total fan system power > 5 hp to meet 6.5.3.1 and 6.5.3.2
Fan Power Limitation VAV Fan Control

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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Fan Power Limitation

(Section 6.5.3.1)
Table 6.5.3.1
By supply air volume and allowable nameplate motor power (constant volume and variable volume) Volume CV VAV < 20k cfm 1.2hp/1000cfm 1.7 hp/1000cfm >=20k cfm 1.1hp/1000cfm 1.5 hp/1000cfm

Allowable fan system power may be adjusted in certain situations

Filters Heat recovery etc

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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Part-Load Fan Power Limitation

(Section 6.5.3.2.1)
Individual VAV fans with motors 15 hp or greater
Driven by VFD Fan shall be van axial with var pitch blades Have other controls and devices to result in fan motor demand of no more than 30% of design wattage at 50% of design air volume when static pressure set point = 1/3 of total design static pressure, based on manufacturers certified fan data

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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Static Pressure Sensor Location

(Section 6.5.3.2.2)
Placed so controller set point is no greater than 1/3 the total design fan static pressure
Except for digital control systems with zone reset capabilities where it may be at the fan discharge

If this results in the sensor being located downstream of major duct splits, install multiple sensors in each major branch

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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Set Point Reset

(Section 6.5.3.2.3) For systems with direct digital control of individual zone boxes reporting to the central control panel
Static pressure set point reset based on zone requiring the most pressure

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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Hydronic System Design and Control (Section 6.5.4)

HVAC hydronic systems with total pump system power > 10 hp shall meet 6.3.4.1 6.3.4.4

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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Hydronic Variable Flow

(Section 6.5.4.1)
HVAC pumping systems that include control valves designed to modulate or step open and close as a function of load
Designed for variable fluid flow Capable of reducing flow rates to 50% or less of design flow rate

Individual pumps serving variable flow systems with a pump head > 100 ft and motor > 50 hp
Have controls and/or devices resulting in pump motor demand no more than 30% of design wattage at 50% of design water flow
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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Hydronic Variable Flow Exceptions

Systems where
Minimum flow is < minimum flow required by equipment manufacturer for proper operation of equipment served by the system
Chiller with poor water turn down

Total pump system power no more than 75 hp

Systems that include no more than 3 control valves

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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Pump Isolation (Section 6.5.4.2)

If chilled water plant has more than one chiller or boiler plant has more than one boiler
Provide for flow reduction when chiller or boiler is shut down
Prevents mixing, wasting energy

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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Chilled and Hot Water Temperature Reset Controls (Section 6.5.4.3)

Affects systems with design capacity > 300,000 Btu/h
To include controls to automatically reset supply water temperatures by representative building loads (including return water temperature) or by outside air temperature

Exceptions
Would result in improper operation
Watch interior constant loads

Hydronic systems with variable flow

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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Heat Rejection Equipment

(Section 6.5.5)
Applies to heat rejection equipment used in comfort cooling systems such as
air-cooled condensers open cooling towers closed-circuit cooling towers evaporative condensers

Exceptions
Heat rejection devices included as an integral part of equipment listed devices whose energy usage is included in Tables 6.2.1A-6.2.1D
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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Fan Speed Control (condenser)

(Section 6.5.5.2)
Each fan powered by a motor 7.5 hp or larger shall have
capability to operate fan at 2/3 full speed or less controls to automatically change the fan speed to control the leaving fluid temperature or condensing temperature/pressure of the heat rejection device

Exceptions

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Exceptions
Condenser fans serving multiple refrigerant circuits or flooded condensers Installations located in climate zones 1 and 2 1/3 of the fans on a multiple fan application speed controlled

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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Energy Recovery
(Section 6.5.6) Exhaust Air Energy Recovery (Section 6.5.6.1) Heat recovery for Service Water Heating (Section 6.5.6.2)

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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Exhaust Air Energy Recovery

(Section 6.5.6.1)
Fans systems over 5,000 cfm and minimum OA of 70% or greater of the design supply air quantity shall have an energy recovery system with at least 50% recovery effectiveness. 50% effectiveness means change in enthalpy of the OA supply equal to 50% of the difference between the outdoor air and return air at design conditions
Hard to do with coil loops and heat pipes??? Easier with wheels and plate hx

Bypass or control heat recovery for economizer operation Exceptions: Lots labs, un-cooled spaces heated less than 60 deg, toxic, grease kitchen hoods, if 60% of OA heat is site recovered or solar, heating in climate zone 1-3, cooling in some climate zones (Colorado), others

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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Heat Recovery for Service Water Heating (Section 6.5.6.2)

Condenser heat recovery systems shall be installed for heating or preheating of service hot water provided all of the following are true:
24/7 operation Heat rejection of water cooled system exceeds 6,000,000 BTU/h (typically 430 to 440 tons of cooling) Design service water heating load exceeds 1,000,000 btu/h (less than 20 gpm on 100 deg rise)

Heat recovery shall be the smaller of:

60% of peak heat rejection (258 cooling tons) Preheat service water to 85 deg

Exceptions
If 30% of heat rejection for space heating Facilities that provide 60% of their service water heating from site solar or site recovered energy
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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Kitchen Hoods (Exhaust)

(Section 6.5.7.1)
Hoods > 5000 cfm to be provided with makeup air sized for at least 50% of exhaust air volume that is a) unheated or heated to no more than 60F and b) uncooled or cooled without the use of mechanical cooling Exceptions
Where hoods are used to exhaust ventilation air that would otherwise exfiltrate or be exhausted by other fan systems Certified grease extractor hoods that require a face velocity no greater than 60 fpm

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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Radiant Heating Systems

(Section 6.5.8) Required for unenclosed spaces except loading docks with air curtains Radiant heating systems that are used as primary or supplemental enclosed space heating must be in conformance with the governing provisions of the standard
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HVAC Prescriptive Path

Hot Gas Bypass Limitation

(Section 6.5.9)
Shall not use HGBP (including other evaporator pressure control systems) unless system is designed with multiple steps of unloading or continuous capacity modulation Limited to:
50% capacity 240,000 BTU/h and below 25% capacity above 240,000 BTU/h

Exception
Unitary packaged systems with cooling capacities not greater than 90,000 Btu/h
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Completion Req

Drawings
(Section 6.7.2) Record drawings of actual installation to building owner within 90 days of system acceptance and include, as a minimum
Location and performance data on each piece of equipment General configuration of duct and pipe distribution system including sizes Terminal air or water design flow rates
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Completion Req

Manuals (Section 6.7.2.2)

Operating and maintenance manuals to building owner within 90 days of system acceptance

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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Completion Req

System Balancing
(Section 6.7.2.3) Balance in accordance w/generally accepted engineering standards (Appendix E) Written report for conditioned zones > 5000 ft2

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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Completion Req

Air System Balancing

(Section 6.7.2.3.2)
Minimize throttling losses first For fans with system power > 1 hp
Adjust fan speed to meet design flow conditions

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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Completion Req

Hydronic System Balancing

(Section 6.7.2.3.3)
Proportionately balanced to minimize throttling losses Pump impeller trimmed or pump speed adjusted to meet design flow conditions Exceptions
Pumps with pump motors 10 hp or less When throttling results in < 5% of the nameplate hp draw, or 3 hp, whichever is greater, above that required if the impeller was trimmed
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HVAC Mandatory Provisions/Completion Req

System Commissioning
(Section 6.7.2.4) Control elements are calibrated, adjusted, and in proper working condition > 50,000 ft2 conditioned area
Except warehouses and semiheated spaces Requires commissioning plan provided by the designer
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Addenda to 90.1 - 2004

ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Addenda a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, r, s, t, u, v, x, and ak Note that v replaced s how do you keep up? ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004 http://www.ashrae.org/doclib/20060815_200661121930_347.pdf Clarification on Modeling Baseline Service Hot Water Systems for modeling Updated references Revise Tables 6.8.1A and 6.8.1B to reflect the newly adopted DOE efficiency standards for single-phase air conditioners and heat pumps less than 65,000 Btu/h. Revise minimum efficiency standards for air-cooled air conditioners and heat pumps listed in Tables 6.8.1A and 6.8.1B as follows for heat pumps over 65,000 Btu/h.
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Addenda to 90.1 - 2004

Revise the exceptions to Sections 6.4.3.1.2 and 6.4.3.6: 6.4.3.1.2 Dead Band & 6.4.3.6 Humidification and Dehumidification Revise Table A2.3 to add U-Factors for Screw-Down Roofs with R-19 Insulation as follows: Revise 5.5.4.4 as follows: 5.5.4.4 Fenestration Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC). Changes to international Climatic Data Revise Section 6.4.3.8 as follows (I-P and SI units): 6.4.3.8 Ventilation Controls for High-Occupancy Areas. Revise Table 6.8.1F as follow (I-P units): TABLE 6.8.1F Gas- and Oil-Fired BoilersMinimum Efficiency Requirements
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Addenda to 90.1 - 2004

6.4.1 Equipment Efficiencies, Verification, and Labeling Requirements 6.4.1.4 Verification of Equipment Efficiencies. TABLE 6.8.1G Requirements for Performance Heat Rejection Equipment

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