The Official Book of D .

11 Interpretations
A Collection of Responses to Formal the Inquiries about Requirements of AWS D l .1 (1976-1994)
An American Welding Society Publication First Printing, September 1996

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The Official Book of D L 1

A Amerlcan Weldlng Saclety Publlcatlon n

Text Compiled By Lee G. Kvidahl AWS President, 1993-94

Edited By Alexander M. Saitta AWS Publication Services Division

AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY 550 Northwest LeJeune Road Miami, Florida 33126

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International Standard Book Number: 0-87 I7 I -502-3 Copyright O 1 9 9 6 by the American Welding Society 550 N.W. LeJeune Road; Miami, Ronda; USA

All rights reserved. No pan of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical - including photocopying, recording, or any other information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
The American Welding Society, Inc. assumes no responsibility for the information contained in this should be made prior to reliance on or use of publication. An independent, substantiating investigation such information.

Pritrted i n the United Sm&s of America

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
5 5 Dl.1-79............................................................................................................................. 1.........5 DI .1-80 ............................................ i.......................................................................................... 6 DI .1-81 ....................................................................................................................................... 7 D . - 2..................................................................................................................................... I18 I0
Introduction ................................................................................................................................

Dl.1-76.......................................................................................................................................

Dl.1-83 .............................................~....................._..................................................................II

Dl.l-84 ..................................................................................................................................... Dl.1-85.....................................................................................................................................

DI.!-86..................................................................................................................................... Dl.1-88..................................................................................................................................... DI.1-90.....................................................................................................................................
0 . - 2..................................................................................................................................... 11 9

12 15 16

17 17 27

DI.1-W .................................................................................................................................... 29 Index by Subject o Inquiry ....................................................................................................30 f Index by Code Provision...............................-........................................................,............... 31 User's Log o official Intcrpntations..................................................................................... 32 f

NOTE: This Publicorion Contains Interpretations ofANSIIAWS D . ,Structural Welding 11 Codc . Steel, by the AWS Dl Committee The inierpnrariorrJ contained henin am the nsltlts of ballotcd responses to submitted inquiries approved by the D Structural Welding Cornmitree. d e for specific Code cdirion.

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hNSI/.r\WS DI.l. 9rucruml W d i t q Code, i s prepared by the AWS Structural Wclding Cormittee. Because thc Code i s rvrittca i n the f o r m of a spcx.ification. i t cannot present background material or discuss thc comrnittcc's iatrnt. Since rhc publication of the first edition of the (=ode. the nature of inquiries directed to thc Anwican Welding Socicty and 111e Structur;ll \Vclding Cornmittcc has indicated th,\t tlrcrcclrc soctrc rcquirctrreots irr tltc Cudc that ;;IC cithcr tlirficult lo undrrst;wd or n o t sr~lliricntlyspL.cific, and otkcrr that appear to tw overly conservative. Ir h u l d trc rcruynixed thnt the fundarnealal prealisc of the Cc& is t o provide gcnrnl s~ipulntions applicahlr. t o any sirr u l i o n ;Ilrd IO Ic;rve suflicient Ialilude for lhe exercise of cnginccring judgcnrent Anorhcr poiat ttr lx. rcrcognizctl is th;rt rhc ('L& wprcsrnrs thc collcct~ve cxpcricncs of the cornmitter; a d . while some provisions m a y secm overly conwn*ative. the); have txsn Lxwd on sound engineering pracricc. this docunwnt presents Ctkls intcrprstations gmupcd accordins to the Code darc. Irtdividuirl inquiries for 'I'he forrn:it the sllccific issue date o thc Codc are arrangcd 1) the applicablc scction number within the code. 'To assisr the reader. an i n t h is f : provided that i s compiled by subject n~atter; and a sccond index is provided that supplics the various scction numbcrs referenced in IJIC dcxcumcnt in numerical order. regardless of Code datc. Kmdcrs are rernindcd that the basic format of the Code was rcorganizcd extrnsivcly in thc 199G edition. lhercfore. t h e provision numbersofthe interpretations included hercin in most cases will not be similar to the provision numbers of cditions for I'r)G or later. Kcccnt official interpretations of ANSI'AWS Dl.1 recllrlicalrequirementsarepublished rcgularly in the July and Novcrnlxr issues of the AWS IV'fdkg Journtrl. Original requests for official inrerprctation of any (lode rcquircment shall be subrrlitted ill writing to tl~c Managing Director o 'Technical Senices. .I\rncrican Welding Society. 550 N. W . Ldeune Road. Miand. f Florida 33 126.

or

Subject: Essential Variables

Code Edition: Dl .1.76

Code Provision: Section 5.5

AWS Log: D1-86-011

Inquiry: I n procedure qualification. does the Gode permit the use of several different variations o current. voltage. travel f speeds, or wire f e d speeds during the course of m he qualifications? Response: Yes. provided that the variables usedduring qualification are recorded on a form similar to Appendix E Form E-2. .
Welding Qualification Test Kemrd.

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Subject: Code Thickness Limitations Code Edition: 01.1-79

Code Provision: Section 1.2.2 AWS Log:D1-85-017(1)

Inquiry: What i s the meaning of the thickncss limitation provisions of 1.2.2 i n AN'S Dl.1-79 (1.2.3 i n A W S 01-1-83 through 111.1-94 cditions)? Kcsp0n.w: ( I ) When thc thickness of the material i s over O. 18 in.. the rulcs of AWS DI. I apply. (2) When the thickness of the matcrial i s between L and 0.18 in., either AWS DI.l o AWS DI.3 apply, as applicable. I3 r ( 3 )When the thickness o the marcrial i s less than 1 1 8 in.. the roles o AWS D . should apply. f f 13 (4) R'hcn welding a material less than 118 in. thick to a material more than 0.18 in. thick, the rules o AWS DI .3 f should apply, but they are l be supplemented by the provisions of AWS D 1. I (e+ adequate p r c b t . low hydroo gen electrode. etc.).

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Subject: Prequalified Skewed N o i n t s Code Edition: Dl.1-79 Code Provisions: Section 2 7 4 Fig. 2 7 1 .., .. AWS Log: Dl-85-026 Inquiry: Are welds made in skewed T-joints, (e.g.. Fig. 2.7.). where the groove angle is less than60 degrees, accorded prequalified status? Response: Yes. Welds made in skewed T-joints, where the groove angle is less than 60 degrees, are accorded prequalified status provided that the welds are made with a prequalified joint welding p::ocedure in accordance with 5.1. I and the welder isqualif e for groove welding. id

Subject: Inspector Responsibilities Code Edition: Dl.1-79 Code Provisions:Sections 6 5 4 6.5.5 .., AWS Log: 01-86-010

Inquiry:

(I) Docs 6.5.5 require that all welding related activities listed Section 3. including preparationof hase metal and in assembly, [have] 100% documentation o inspection by the Inspector? f (2) Is the inspector required to systematically verify thatthe criteria in Section 3 are met by random checks to assure compliance with the workmanship requirements? Response (1) No. (2) Yes. 6.5.4 and 6.5.5 require observationo the work at slr:itable intervalsto verify that applicable f requirements of Section 4 and Section 3, respectively, are met.

Subject Web flatness Tolerances ll8 Code Edition: D . - 0 Code Provisions: Sections 3.5,9.23 AWS Log: 01-85424 Inquiry: What tolerances should be used for the flatness of the panel between the bearing stiffener and the end of the web? Response: These dimensional tolerances are not addressed AWS D1 .I except in 8.13.3 and 9.233 when end panels are conby nected to other girders by bolted splices. Agreement between thecontemor and the owner shouldbe in accordance with 35.1.13.

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Subject:Mill Scale on flange Surfaces

Code Edition: D . - 1 ll8 Code Provision: Section 3.2.1 AWS Log: 0185421

Subject: Prequaliid WPS Requirements

Code Edition: Dl.l-81 Code Provision: Section 5.1.1. Appendix E AWS Log: D1-84014(51

Inquiry: Why does 5.1.1 not spccificallystate the required information to bc presented on Form E-I for prcqualified joint weldt f ing proccduns. and reference a least one qualified procedure with a history o satisfactory performance? Responw. Table E-l lists the mandatory Code requirements for prequalifkdjoint welding p m e d u n s ; listing in 5.1.1 would k awkward and ndundant.

Subject Welding Personnel Qualification Responsibility

Code Edition: 01.1-81

Code Provision: Section 5.3

AWS Log: D1-84-014(7]

' q iy Who should actively participate in the qualification of welders and welding operators? nu : r Response: It is clearly the responsibility of the contractor. although the actual mechanism o qualification varies with the f individual organization.

Subject: Witness of Tests Code Edition: Dl.l-81 Code Providon: Saction 5.13,531 AWS Log: D1-8Ml41)

Inquiry: Does S. 13 and 531 rcquirc the mtracror to witness all tests and record all data on suggested forms in Appendix E?

Response: Yes.
Subject: Performance Qualification WPS Code Edition: 0 . - 1 118 Code Provisions: s a i o n 5255.36 AWS Log: 0184-01412)

Inquiry: Do qualification provisions in 5.25 and 5.36 require a welder oc welding operator to follow a qualified or a p q u a l i ficd joint procedure specification? RapoYes. Either a qualified or prequalificd procedure specificationis acceprable.

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Subject Evidence of Qualification

Code Edition: Dl.1-81 Code Provision: Section 5.29 AWS Log: D1-84-014(3)

Inquiry: What constitutes evidence; what are the specific time intervals; and what degree further trainingor practice must be o f established before a retest is valid in 5-29? Response: The contractor must determine the individual requirements.

Subject: Ultrasonic Inspection

Code Edition: D l . l - 8 1

Code Provision: Section 6, Part C

AWS Log: Dl-SUT

Inquiry:
(1)One of the questions concerns evaluation o discontinuties once they have been located by o the scanning the f one f methods specified in Table 6.19.5.2, Page I17 and 118 of the 1 9 8 0 Edition. Themethod numbers are derived from the procedure chart, based upon the type ofjoint and material thickness.The number in the left side of the box refers you to the procedure legend, which specifies the angles that will be usad to scan the various weld a m . In the procedure is chart, the only way you get tothe right side the box under the asterisk, is when a fusion zone discontinuity susof pected. In the case o aT-joint in 2" thick material, the pmxiure chart refersyou to "F "XF"for further evaluation f or

o a suspected fusion zone discontinuity. Paragraph reads as follows: f F Further evaluatefision :one indcalions. with either 60" or 45" search unit, whichever 70 sound path i nearest to being perpendicular IO lhe suspected,hion surface. s "X" Check From Face "C" In the type pints in questionface "c" ulwap has a continuity plareshop welded betweenfinges. thereby nullihing eraminations face 'C". from W interpret this tomean that if the indication being evaluated is suspected ofbeing in the vertical member fusion mnc. e its we would use a 70" search unit to evaluate the severityof the discontinuity regardless of elevation in the weld t h m Further, if the indication found is suspected to be in the horizontal member fusiontone (.e., flange bevel),an angle which most nearly intersects the fusion zone perpendicularly would be used for evaluation. For example, if thc fusion zone bevel is 30". you should use a 60" search unit along the entire 3 "bevel. If the fusion zone bevel is 450, you should 0 use a 45" search unit along the entire 45" bevel. Quesrion: Arc vou limited r 0 makino evaluationof a discontinuitv from face "A" onlv. o can vou evaluate from face "B"? r (2)In the past, we have evaluated discontinuities from whichever (A or B). that allowed us to perform the evaluation face in Leg 1. We use a search unit whose sound path angle is neIrest to being perpendicular to the largest plane of the discontinuity for further evaluation. Duestion: Are vou limited to usine only the anoles smified in the mcedure leaend for the upper. middle. and bottom porttons of the weld. when evaluating a discontinuitv?
O,

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(3)Another question whichhas been raised concerns discontinuity indications whicha n not in the vertical column fusion zone o in the horizontal member fusion zone bevel. Indicationso discontinuities mayoccur anywhere in the weld arca r f and may be indicative o slag inclusions,cracks. or lack offusion between individual weld beads o layers. It has been our f r practice to evaluate these indications with70". 60" or 45" scarch unit to determine at what angle the largest a nflccting surface of the indicationsis perpendicular to. Then. an accept or reject evaluation is made usingt h e attenuation formula and the appmpriatc severity level from Table 8. I53 for the angleused. We have been challengal relative to our ultrasonic examinations. as questioned and exampled above, due the fad that to the Code does not state specifically that examinations maybe conducted i n these nlanners. It has been suggested that the intent of the Code was to evaluate only flaws in the fusion zone.as these are theonly flaws of interest ..., We f e d it is evi&nt that the Code p d u r t chart does not cover all situations evidenced by paragraph G. 13.2 under Part C as . .. . Quewon: Do we'o non fla%VS ot her than fusionzone flaws. which exceed the cnttcal Im o Table 8.15.3? Also. should . I l s f o I whelEp9sslble and should we not also usc whatever 0 sects the largest ulane of theflaw oemendicularly?

Response:
(I)lt is correct to interpret that flaws in the verical member fusion zone be evaluated with a 70" search unit, and that flaws in the horizontal member fusion zone be evaluated with either a 45", or 70" seach unit angle using the search unit that produces a sound k a m most nearly n o r m a l to the intersecting fusion zone. The evaluation shouldbe made fmm Fact A only. It is the intent of the Code that otherfaccs be used only when the full volume o weld cannot be tested f 2 from Face A, except as required by the ProCadure Legend on Page I 1 and 6.19.5. (2)For discontinuities the weld, only the angles listedin Table 6.19.5.2 a n to be used. It i s the intento the Code t h in f all T-joints be tested from one face only; Legs II and III arc to be used when necessary to achieve coverage (sec full Table 6.19.5.2. notes 3.4 and 5). It is not the intent of the Code that such discontinuities be calculated with search unit angle selected to maximize the amplitude responses. (3)ft is not the intent o the C& that any flaw be ignored. It is the intento the Code that flaws in the weld metal and f f heat affected zone be evaluated to the weld criteria. As stated in the response above, it is not the intent of t h e Code that discontinuities bt evaluated by selecting an angle based on discontinuityrcflectcd characteristics. While searching at scanning level with angle(@s e l c c t c d as prescribed in the first columnof Table 6.19.5.2, it is the intent o the Code that f fusion zonds) be further evaluated.Either a 7 " 600 o 45" transducer whichevcr s o u n d path is nearest 10 being 0. r n r a to the vertical face of the column or the bevel surfacc of the beam o l m shall be uscd for evaluation.

60".

Subject: Qualification Supervision

coda Edition: Dl.l-81

Code Provision: Section 6.4.1
AWS L g D1-84414(6) o:

Subject: Appendix E Minimum Requirements

Code Edition: 01.141

Code Provision: Appendix E AWS Lw: 01-84-014181

Inquiry: Are the mandatory requirements for test mord data, as presented on Appendix E forms to be completed. a minimum requirement? Response: Yes.

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Subject Reentrant Corners Code Edition: Dl.l-82 Code Provision: Section3.2.4 AWS Log: D1-84-016

Inquiry: ( I ) What is the definition of reentrant corners used in 3.2.4of AWS DI.1? as ( 2 ) Is it readily deducible by a user of DI. I that 3.2.4 applies in general to welded joints at intersections between members? (3) In the specific case illustratedin the attached sketch, does D . automatically require 314 in. or any certain radius at l1 a intersections between the flanges. as are shown i n the sketch? (4) If the designer quires a specified minimum radius at intersections between members, shouldit be detailed clearly in design drawings specifications? or Response: ( I ) Reentrant cornersare defined in Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary and in Webster's Third lnrernarional Dieriona?. (Seealso AIS? Manual of Steel Conslruction,8th Edition, Page4-167). (2) No. (3) No. (Sketch does not illustrate a "reentrant corner.") (4) Yes.
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Subject WPS Qualification Tables Code Edition: Dl.l-82,01.1-90 Code Provisions: Table 5.10.5, Table 5.4 AWS Log: ID1-90-02143

Inquiry:
(1) Do AWS Dl.1-82.Tabfe 5.10.5 and D1.1-90, Table 5.4, have text stating that grooveweld testing on plate will also qualify for fillet?
( 2 ) Will a pipe groove 6GR procedure qualification qualify for complete andpamal penetration groove (butt&T) rest

joints and fillets on plates?

Response:

(2) Yes, see Table 5.4 o DI. 1 - 9 0 and applicable footnotes joints qualified. f for

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m
Subject: Welding of Nuts
Codo Edition: 01-1-82 Code Provisions Sections 5.16.1, 5.24, 10.2 AWS Log: 01-85423

07842b5 05187b3

Y74

Inquiry: May welding procedures and welders be qualified for t h e purpose of welding an ASTM A563 nut to a s t m u r a l member? Response: AWS DI. I dots not cover the application ofwelding a nut to a structural member.

Subject: Root Openings

Code Edition: 01.143 Code Provisions: Fig. 2.10.2 AVUS Log: 01-85-012

Subject: WelderDVelding Operator Qualification Code Edition: 01.1-83 Code Provision: Section 5. Part O AWS Log: 0144413

Inquiry:

( I ) Dots qualification as a welder under pari C, Section 5, qualify the welder as a welding operator under D. Part
Section 5? (2) Under what condition, if any. does a welder qualified in acoordancc with Part C, Section 5. qualify as a welding operator in accordancc with Pan D,Section 5? Response:

( I ) No. (2) None. No!e: For A WS Dl .I -85. the Commime itas approved provisions for a welder under certain specNed condi!ions ! be qualifiedas u welding operatoc o

Subject: Fillet Welder Qualification Code Edition: Dl.1-83

Code Provisions: Sections 5.10.3,5.17.1.2 AWS Log: 01-85-022

Inquiry: May a welder who has successfully performed a p d u r e qualification test for fillet welds using a fillet weld test plate qualify as a welder for fillets welds only? Response: No. The performance qualification requirements for fillet welds are diffennt fmm the p d u r r qualification rquircments for fillet welds.

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Subject NDT Operator Responsibilities Code Edition: 01.1-83 Code Provision: Section 6.7.7 AWS Log: D1-84-011

Inquiry: Should the phrase "...working under. .."be interpreted as foll!ows: ( 1) Must a Level II be watching over the shoulder the Level I as he performs NDT? of (2) Does the Level II NDT operator, working as a supervisor of Level I operators. and providing surveillance puidor ance or both to the Level 1 operatotfs), retain responsibility for the work of the Level I operator(s)? Response: (I) No. (2) Yes.
Subject: NDT Level 111 Qualifications Code Edition: 01.1-83 Code Provision: Section 6.7.7 AWS Log: Dl-84-012

Inquiry:
(I)Is it the intent of the Code to prohibif Level III NDT individuals from performingNDT testing if they are not quali-

fied as Level II NDT operators?

(2) I s a Level III who also has been qualified as a Levei [I NDT operator, and who maintains his LevelIl NDT operator status on a regular basis, qualifiedto perform NDT testin:: under the Code?

Response: ( I ) Yes. ( 2 ) Yes.

Subject Earlier Code Editions

Code Edition: 01.1-84 Code Provision: None AWS Log: 01-84-015

Inquiry: May the current Code(e+. AWS DI:I-84) requirements be applied to contract documents that specify an carlier edition o theCode(e.g..AWS DI.l-W)? f Response: The Code edition specified in the contract documents governs work under that contract. However, when requestthe cd by the contractor, the Committee recommendsto the Engineer that rhe provisions f the current AWS D1.I be permitted in o lieu o the edition specified in the contract documents. f
Subject: Prequalified Partial Joint Penetration Groove Welds Code Edition:Dl.l-84 Code Provisions: Section 2.10.1.1 AWS Log: D1-85-027

Inquiry: Is it the intent of the Code in 2.10.1.1 to restrict all such prqualified welds to the design catcgory"partial joint penetration groove welds" in Tables 8.4.1.9.3.1, and 10.4.1 Allowable Stressesin Welds? Responsc: Yes. However, the procedure may be qualified for a full joint penetration groove weld under the provisions of 5.2 for other appropriate stress categories and allowable stresses.

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Subject Notches and Gouges on Oxygen Cut Surfacer Code Edition: 01.1-84 Code Provision: Section 3 2 2 .. AWS Log: 01-85425

Inquiry:
(1) Does 3 2 2 mean just oxygen cut areas adjacent to welds, r arcas to be welded? .. o (2) What is meant by occasional notches or gouges; and how close o far away is occasional? r (3) [S repair required for notches andgouges up to 3\16. o is repair required for notches and gouges 3/16 and larger? r (4) What a n the requirements pertaining to other conditions such ends of girder flanges.ends of beams. cope and as notches in beams. base plate and gusset plates? RC!SpoIW: (1) Applies to all oxygen cut arms. (2) h e meaning of occasional is] as defined in Wehrers New Collegiafe Dicrionary (.e.. infrequent occurrence) and n as explained in the Commentary 3.2.2. [Spacing is] determined by the fabricator, togetherwith the Inspectoro r Engineer o both. (Also KC Commentary 3.2.2) r (3) For norchcsand gouges up to and including3\16 in.. repair is to be made by fairing, grinding,or machining. Notches or gouges over 3/16 in. are repaid by welding only with app&val the Engineer. of (4) All oxygen cutedges must meet the requirements of3 2 2 ...

Subject Camber Tolerances Code Edition: Dl.l-84 Code Provisions: Section3.5.1.3 AWS Log: 01-85-028

Inquiry:

In 3.5.13 there a n three different tolerances available determine the variation from camber of welded beams or to girden, and the Code states that when the calculationsare made that the greatest variation from specified camber is to be used. Ate these tolerances appropriate? (2) 3.5.13 it states, camber of welded beams or girders. Do thesc t o l e r a ~ also apply to rolled beams? In s ReSpMlse: ( I ) The toleranceso 35.13 are appropriate. f (2) No.Tdelanas in 3 5 1 arc applicable to beams with weldments, suchas cover plates. For unwclded beams. AlSC ..3 specifications should apply.
(I)
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Subject: Shelf Barr for Horizontal Column Splice Welds

Code Edition: O1. l a Code Provision: Section 362 .. AWS Log: 01-85-018

Inquiry: During the welding of column splices in the horizontal position. it appears to be standard practice inbuilding construction to provide a shelf to facilitate completely filling joint. Theshelf, attached to the lower member [similar to a weld rab). the supports the excess weld metal beyond the joint. ( I ) Is the use of a shelf for wetding column splices in the horizontal position permitted by the Code? (2) Does the use o a shelf in column spliceswelded in the horizontal position violate the/ 8 in. maximum rinfomf 1 ment pcrmitkd by 3.12.2? Response: ( I ) Yes. The use of a shclf or weld tab is acceptable when welding compressionmunbers. For removal, see 3.12.2. (2) No. The 1 in. reinforcement refers to face of unsupported wcld metal only; when a shelf or welded tab is used this B
q u i r e m n t does not apply.

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0784265 05187bb 1 8 3 b

Subject Tods for Welder Qualification Test

Code Edition: 01.1-84 Code Provision: Section 5, Part C

AWS Log: D1-86-010

Inquiry: In performing the welder qualification test, does the Code prohibit the use of power tools (mechanical, pneumatic. electrical, or other) to remove weld imperfections? Response: No.
Subject: Combination of Qualified and Prequalified WPSs
code Edition: 01.184

Code Provision: Section 5.1.3

AWS Log: Dl-85-019

Inquiry: Does 5.1.3 permit a welding procedure to be used that combines a welding procedure qualified in accordance with 5.2 for the mot of the weld and a prequalified procedure for the remainder of the weld? Response: Yes. A combination of qualified or prequalified joint welding proceduresmay be used without qualification provided the limitation of essential variables applicableto each process is observed.
Subject 6GR Test cade Ediiion: 01.1-84

Code Provisions: Table5.10.5, Figure 5.21A

AWS Log: 01-85-029

Inquiry:
(1) In the welded 6GR test joint (Fig. S.21A). is it permissible to machine the ID of the heavier wall pipe to the other

pipe before performing radiographic examination? (2) In pints between parts of unequal thickness. does the tem "complete joint penetration" refer to the situation where the weld metal completely fills the groove and is fused to the thinnerbasc metal throughout its total thickness? (3) When mnoving side bend specimens from the 6GR welded test joint. is it permissible. prior to bending, to machine

suficient metal from the thicker wall pipe section to obtain uniform test specimen cross section? a (4) When removing test specimens from the S R welded te:;t joint for tension testing,is it permissible to machine the ID of the heavier wall pipe t the ID of the other pipe to obtaina test specimen o uniform cross section? o f (S) For qualification o T-, and K-connections. is it permissible to usejob size pipe? f Y(6)I n qualifying in the 6GR p i t i o n , may job size pipe o diflerent wall thicknessother than shown in Fig. 5.12A be used? f (7)Does p d u r e qualification of pipeor tubing in the 6GR position qudify for al positions of plate and pipe welding? l (8) Are there prerequisites forp d u r e or personnel qualification?

Response:
( I ) Yes, if so stated in the contract documents. (See 6.10.3 of the Commentary.) also (2) Yes. (3) Yes. Figure 5 1 . . Hshows the pipe thickness the same the size of the weld. .013 as (4) Yes. In AWS Dl.i-86, Fig- 5.10.13F, the specimen thickness is shownas being uniform throughout the test specimen except for the edges of a pipe specimen. (5) Yes. (Set Table 5.I O. 1-2) (6) Yes. The specificthickness and root "high-low" conditions need not be met. but the thickness differcntial between the pipes should be maintained to the extent possible. (SeeTable 10.12. Single WeldedT-, and K-Connections, Other.) Y-, (7) Yes. (8) No.The contractor need only have a qualified (or prequa'lified) joint weldingprocedure for the work to be performed: the contractor only needs to havequalified personnel for the work they will perform.

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Subject: Qualification Requirements Code Edition: Dl.l-84 cod% Provisions: ng. 5.10.1.3, Sections 5.18,5.19 AWS Log: 01-85431

Inquiry:

( I ) Docs Note 4 in Fig 5.10.I .3F. reduced section tensionspecimens. apply to the capacityof the testing machine? (2) In Figure 5. IO.1 3 .location of test specimens on a welded test plate over 1 in. thick - procedure qualification,is .D 38 the 20 in. minimum plate width required? (3) Is the rolling direction important for test plate validity? (4) I s a welder who qualified using groove details 5. I8 or 5.19 qualified to weld other groove details? of ( 5 ) Is it permissible for a welder to qualify using a test plate with thickness larger than 3l8 in. and smaller than I i d ? (6)Must only the standard jointdetails specified for plate in Figures 5.18 and 5.19 be used fr qualifying welders? o

Subject Bend Jigs Code Edition: Dl.l-84 Code Provision: Figure 5.27.1 AWS Log: ID185-010

Inquiry: f i g u e 5.27. I(A, B,or C) shows t h n t test jigs for the testing o guided bend specimens. May any devi which unif formly bends the specimen around the radius as required by figure 5.27.I(A, B, o C)be u, r & provided the entire weld is located in the bent portion? Response: Yes

Subie& Single Pass Fillst Weld Sizes Code E d i t h . D1.I45 Code Provisions: Table 2.7 AWS Log: D1-86412

Inquiry: In Table 2 7 is it permissible to make a single pass fiflet weld that is less than the weld size specified? .. Response: Yes. by procedure qualification test in accordance with 5.2 and as mutually agreed upon with the Engineer.

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Subject Corner Radii Code Edition: Dl.l-85

Code Provisions: Sections 3.2.4.3.12.1 AWS Log: 01-85-020

Inquiry: ( I ) Is it the intent of 3.2.4 that the intersections of built-up plate girders shall have filleted comers o no less than f
3/4in. radius in bridge constructionand in building con:struction?

(2) Is it the fabricator's obligation to build-up such radii i n weld metal i n which such transitions have notbeen created in the base metal? (3) Is it the intent of 3.12. I that the ends o welds not create a sharp cornered f "stressriser" condition? Response: (1) No.
(2) No. (3) Yes. 3.12.1 covers terminationof welds to ensure sound welds.

Subject Test Plate Root Opening Tolerances Code Edition: 01.1435 . Code Provision: fig. 5.22A AWS Log: Dl-85-030

Enquiry: Is i t permissible to have a 0-1116 in. root opening between thetest plates shown in Figure 5.22A? Response: Yes. The Committee has not specified any tolerances the dimensions in Figure 5.22A. The dimensionsshown for arc nominal and need not be exact. (The contractor may place dimtmsional tolerances on shop drawings. such as those required in 3.3.)

Subject Backgouged Double Welded Joints

Code Edition: 01.1-86 Code Provisions: Fig. 2.9.1 AWS Log: D1-88-003

Inquiry: For double welded joints, may the detailed weld groove on the second side of the joint be prepared simultaneously with the back gougingoperation afterwelding one or more passes on the fint side? Response: Yes.

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Subject Qualification to Chber Codes Code Edition: 01.1-86.01.1-92 Code Provisions Commentary C5.4.2, C5.4.3
AWS Log: 101-90-045-03

Inquiry:

DI.I to address qualification to other cades? (2) May the Engineer acceptqualification of welders qualified to othercodes?
( I ) Is i t the intent of

Response:
( I ) No. See C5.4.2 (D1.1-86) C5.43 ( 1 l 9 ) or D.-2. (2) Yes. Sec (3.4.2 (D1.l-86) or (3.4.3 (01.1-92).

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Subject Welder Qualification (Allowable Undercut) Code Edition: D1.1-86 Code Provision: Section 5.28.6 AWS Log: 01-88-001

Inquiry: In 5.28.6. directions are provided for visually evaluating a welderqualification test plate in accordance with 9.25.1. There a n two maximumlimits o allowable undercut in 9.25.1;which of these values should be used for evaluation of the f welder qualification tesf plate? Response: Undercut shall be no more than 1/32 in. (0.8 mm) deep. Note that the maximum allowableundercut for qualifying procedures. welders. welding operators. and tack welders was revised to 1/32 in. max in AWS D1.1-88.
Subject: Welder Qualification Retests Code Edition: 01.1-86 Code Provision: Section5.30

AWS Lw: 01-88-002

Inquiry: When a welderfails the requalification tests permitted by 5.30.do the rules of 5.29.5.29. Iand 5.29.2 for retestsapply? Response: No. The welder must be retested as a new welder. .

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Subject: Fillet Weld Qualification by Pipe W S Code Edition: D1.1-88 Code Prouisiono: Table 5 1 . ( ) Table 56 .012, . AWS Lw:IR1-90-004-03

Inquiry: Does the procedurequalification on %inch SchcduIe 80 pipe described in Table S.lO.l(Z) of 01.188 alsa qualify f i l l a welds in thickness from 1/8 inchto unlimited? Response: S ANSIiAWS DI.1-90. Table 5.6, and Note 2.
Subject: Fatigue figures Code Edon: 01.1-88 Code Provisions figures 9.4B.9AC AWS Lg101-9093601 o:

Inquiry: Are the stress ranges shown in the ordinate of Figure 9.4B and 9 . C in D .L88for completely reversed stresses (.. I c. alternately tensile and compressive) for zero-temaximum stresses (.e.. applicationand wmoval o load)? o r f
Rcsponse: The smss range is the algebraic difference of stnss variation caused by the cyclic load. For example. 5 ksi tensik to 20 ksi tensile is 15 ksi; however, 5 k i compression on 20 ksi tensile is 25 ksi. s

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Subject: Unequal Leg Fillet Welds Code Edition: Dl.l-90 Code Provisions: None AWS Log: 101-90-035-1

Inquiry: Is i t AWS's inrent by not addressing unequal Ieg fillets in the AWS weld is not applicable to weld a structure?

D . and D1.3 (Sheer Steel) codes that this type of 1l

Response: No.

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Subject Groove Depth Code Edition: D1.l-90 Code Provision: None AWS Log: 101-90638-02/03
Inquiry:
( I ) Is a joint design (in DI.1) in which the shallow gm,ve equals 1/16 in. or less technica[[y still identified as a double V-groove? (2) What is the reason for limiting the shallow groove delpth to o less than T/4"?

Response: ( I ) No. Code requires Stto be T14 ( 2 ) See Foreword of DI. I (history of satisfactory perfomlance.)
Subject Surface Porosity Code Edition: Dl.1-90 Code Provision: None AWS Log: 101-91-010-09

Inquiry:
(1) Is surface porosity a requirement for visual inspection'? (2) I s surface porosity acceptable?

Response:
(1) No, the code has no requirement for sudace porosity telative to visual inspection. ( 2 ) If surface is of concern to the Engineer. the limit o porosity shall be established by agreement between the owner f

and contractor.
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Subject: Depth of Fusion Code Edition: Dl.1-90 Code Provision: None AWS Log: Dl-90-041-03

tnquiry:
( I ) Is them any requirement in the DI . I Code fora specifilsd"depth of fusion or penetration" along each leg of the joint as distinguished from "fusionto the m o t o the joint?" f (2) Is the Committee awarc ofany code or standard which q u i r e s a specified "depth of fusion or penetration" along the legs of a standad WegreeT-joint fillet weld and ; a s described in D1.1-90,5.123? Response: ( 1 ) No. ( 2 ) It is beyond the Committee's responsibilityto reference or comment on other ds and their requirements. e Subject Designer's Responsibility Code Edition: D1.1-90
Code Provisions: None AWS Log: IDI-~O-OI~-OS

Inquiry: For Dl. 1. is it thc designer's responsibility to identify whichwelds on a structure are tension or compression? Response: Yes.

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Subject Ultrasonic AcceptanceTables

Code Edition: 01.1-90 Code Provisions: None AWS Log: lD1-91413-05

Inquiry:
( I ) I Note 3 of Tables 8.2 and 9.3 of D L. 1-W s applicable to backgouged joints? (2) I s the term "root face area" to be interpreted to mean the m o t face dimension times the groove length?

(3) Are "reversal-of-stress joints" ccnsidered tension joints?

Response: ( I ) Yes. ( 2 ) Yes.

(3) Yes.

Subject: Base Material Approval Code Edition: Dl.1-90 Code Provision: Section 1.2 AWS Log: 1-8/91-01-02

Inquiry: How docs a base matcrial become approved in the AWS DL1 as a prequalified material? Response: Material supplicrs advise the Comrninee of their particular material type. including the applicableASTM or API DI designation, and furnish to the committeeupon request a variety o Welding Procedure Qualification Records, history of usage. f and other mechanical testing properties(e.g., impact properties, hardness test results. etc.). Code committee determines The if the material has demonstrated successful weldabilityin the industry. If all of the above information is favorable. then the Code committee, utilizing these operating parameters, translate them into the applicable Code requirements for prqualification can f status o the material.

S b e t Code Thickness Limitation ujc: Code Edition: 01.1-90 Code Provisions: Section 123 ..
AWS Log: 1-91-0143

Inquiry:
(1) Does Dl.1-90 place a minimum thicknessof 1 1 2 in. on the materials welded within the scope? (2) D o e s D1.1-90 specify a tolerance below lB in. for base metal thickness that can be welded within the scope? (3) If the answer to Inquiry 2 is no, may material of thickness 0.105 in. be welded using prequalified welding proccduns?

Response:
(1) Subsection 1.23 states, "The provisions o this code are not intended to applyto welding base metals less than 1/8 f in. (3.2 mm) thick." (2) Subsection 1.2.3 does not address a tolerance for base metal thickness. Tolerances base material thickness are for addressed by other recognized industry standards practices, such as ASTM. which may used in conjunction or be
with the D . Code. 11 (3) The Code does not prohibit the use of prcqualified procedures on 0.105-in. thick material.

1s

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Subject Reinforcing Fillet Welds Code Edition: Dl.1-90 Code Provisions:Section 2.3.4, Appendix I AWS Log: 1-91-01-01

1-9141-01
Inquiry: Does the sketch !at right J depict a panial joint penetration groove weld reinforced with a fillet weld? Response: The Inquiry sketch accurately depicts the AWS D I.I definition o effective rhroat for a partial joint f penetration grooveweld reinforced with a fillet weld.

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Subject: Prequslified Flare Bevel Groove Weld Radius Code Edition: Dl.1-90 Code Provisions: Fig. 2.5, Table 2.1 AWS Log: lR1-90-009-01/02

Inquiry: Should not the dimensionC in Fig. 2310) of Dl.1- 90.flare bevel groove weld. be stated as a radius to be consistent with Table 2.1? Response: No. Fig. 2.3 10) is a special case applicable to cold fornled tubes. Practical experience a s shown that cornerso h f cold formed tubes a n not standardized, for a11 manufacturers do not have symmetrical corners or quadrant comers. The designer cannof reliably know the radius of cold formed tubes; however,he m y specify thickness. A reliable average ratio of radius-towall thickness is 2; therefore. Table 2.1 and Fig. 2.310) are essentially equivalent.
Subject: RunoffTab Welds Code Edition: D1.1-SO Code Provision: Sections 3.121,3.12.2 AWS Log: ID1-90-011-01/04

:I

Inquiry:

( I ) Does the Code require welds to be tenninated on runoff tabs or extensions in a sound manner? (2) Should the Engineer require removal of runoff tabs or extensions where erection loads may result in cmcking? Response: ( I ) No, insofar as weld tabs are concerned (See 3.12. I .). ATVS D . is silent on runoff extensions in the sense of full 1l cross-section material extendingbeyond the design length. (2) Subsection 3.12.2 is clear and speaks for itself.
Subject: A5.29 FCAW Electrodes Code Edition: 01.1-90 Code Provision: Tables4.1 and 4.2 AWS Log: Dl-90-033-02

Inquiry: Is A5.29, E71T8-NiI electrode prequalified io D . to weld ASTM , 3 ,A572 G .50 and A588 I1 44 r Response: A36. No; A572 Gr. M, No (see Table 4.1): A588, Yes (Sec: Table 4.2.).

base

metals?

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Subied: Base Metal Qualifications Code Edition: 01.1-90 Code Provisions: Table 4.1, Section 5.5.1.3

nws L-:

101-90-027-03

inquiry:
( I ) A Group V to Group V metal of Table 4. I weld qualifications ismade. Is the procedure and/or the welder qualified to weld a GroupV metal to any other GroupV metal listed in Table 4. I? (2) A Group V steel to a nonlisted metal weld qualification i s made. Is the procedure and/or welderqualified to weld the nonlisted metal toany other Group metal listed in Table 4. I?

Response:
( I ) No. Subsection 5.5. I .3 covers welding Group V to Group V base metals. However, the procedure applies only to welds made [using]t h e specificASTM material specification and minimum specified yield strength as the metal base [for running] the pmodure. without regard for Group number. Set the example citedin 5.5.1 3 . However. the welder is qualified to weld all steelsin Table 4.1 by vinue of the fact that the material grouping of the steel i s n o t a welder variable. ( 2 ) No. Stoels that aren o t listed in Table 4. I require pmedure qualification and the procedure only qualifies on the combination of materials tested (See I .2.2.). The welder in this situation againis qualified to weld on any Table 4.1 material by,virtue of the answer given to Inquiry I above.

Subject: Vibratory Stress Relief Code Edition: 01.7-90 Code Provision: Section 4.4 AWS Log: 101-9O-OIO-02

Inquiry:
( 1 ) In accord with D . ,Subsection 4.4. may vibratory stress relief be usad as an alternate to thermal stress relief! 11 (2) If the drawing/spac.is silent relative to vibratory stress relief, may vibratory stress relief be used?

tesponse:
(1) NO. Set4.4. fbstweld heat treatment does more than relieve stress. (2) If compliance with D . , 1 1 Subsection 4.4. is not nquired. this is not a Code question.

Subject Change from "Bridger' to "Dynamically Loaded Structures" Cade Edition: 01.1-90 Code Provision: Sedon 4.15 AWS Log: ID1-90-W-03

Response: Subsection 4.15 was changed by the 1 9 9 0 Edition of the Codeto be consistent with the other scctions the Code. of However, the intent has remained s w In the 1985 Edition o the Code, Section 9 was titled 'Design o New Bridgeen" I n the a . f f the 1 9 8 8 Edition. this section was changed to "Dynamically Loaded Structures."
Subject: Welder Qualification Documentation Code Edition: 01.1-90 Code Provision: Section 5.1.2 AWS Log: 101-90-040-02

Inquiry: Are welder qualification records sufficientdocumentation for prcquaIified welding? Response: No. see Dl. I , Subsection 5.1.2. The fabricatorshall also prepare a written WPS for the prcqualified WPS.

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subject: Qualification o Mixtures of Shielding Gases f Code Edition: Dl.1-90 Code Provision: Section 5.2 L AWS Log: 101-91-006-WO3

Inquiry: Can 95% Ar - 5% O2shielding be used to weld with EXXT-I electrode? Response: This mixture cannot be used in a prequalified W B . However, gas mixtures not i n compliance with A5.20 may be
qualified in accordance with 5.2.

Subject GMAW-S Welder Qualification Code Edition: 01.1-90 Code Provision: Section 5.3.2 AWS Log: 1-9/91-011-03

Inquiry: Is the bend test essential for welder qualification even when only onepass of GMAW (short circuiting transfer) is used ( sa weld metal backing)? a Response: Yes..

Subject Engineer Acceptance ofWelder Qualification Code Edition: Dl.1-90 Code Provision: Section 5.4.2 AWS L g 101-90-028-03 o:

Inquiry: For D . ,if a fabricator submits documentation to the Engineer o tests conducted by a municipality, state agencyor 11 f
government agency, should the Engineer accept the documentation qualification purpose of welders? Ibr Response: As stated in 5.4.2 of D1.l-90, Engineer has the discretion to acceptor eject the documentation. the

Subject: Quafiication of Multiple Welding Processes Code Edition: Dl.1-90 Code Provision: Section 5.5 AWS L g 1-9/91-10-03 o:

Inquiry:
(1) Can one or more welding processes be deleted f m m a qlJalified welding procedure in accordance with AWS D . , 11 Section 5.5, if each of the essential variables for each of the remaining processes is maintained? (2) Based on a qualified welding prooedure involving a GMAW root pass, SMAW backweld, and SAW fill and cap passes; [can this WS]be seprated into its component ~ m tosqualify other WPSs. as shown in the Inquiry letter?

Response;
(1) No.
(2)

No, the acceptance or rejection of specific WPSs is beyond the authority of the DI Committee.

Subject Gas Mixtures Code Edition: 01.1-90 Code Provisions: Secb'on 5.52.3151
AWS Log: 101-90-02393

Inquiry: We use a gas mixturt of9 %argon and 10% CO,for the GMAW ptocess. When we measure CO,levels, we some0 times get 9- or I 1-percent CO,. Is this acceptable under the Code? Response: Yes, see section 5.5.23(5) of D 1.1-90.

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Subi&: Fillet Weld Qualification by Pipe W S Code Edition: D1.1-88.01.1-90 Code Provisions: Table 5.10.1(21, Table 5.6
AWS Log: lRI-90-00d03

Inquiry: ';rises the procedure qualificationon 8-inch Schedule 80 pipe described i n Table 5. IO. l(2) of DI. 1 - 8 8 also qualify fillu welds in thickness from !B inch to unlimited? Response: See ANSllAWS DI. 1 - 9 0 . Table 5.6. and Note 2.
,
Subject: WPS Qualification Tables
Code Edition: O 1.142, Dl.1-90 Code Provisions:Table 5.10.5, Table 5.4 AWS Log: 101-90-021-03

Inquiry:

( I ) Do AWS 01.1-82,Table 5.10.5 and AWS 01.1-90. Table 5.4 have tcxr stating that groove weld testingon plate will also qualify for fillet welds? ( 2 ) Will a pipe groove 6GR procedure qualification test qualify for complete and partial penetration groove (butt e ) &t joints and fillets on plates? Response: (I No. Information contained in tables need not have supporting text. Provisions statedin tables ofthe Code are qual) ly as binding as textual material. ( 2 ) Yes, see Table 5.4 of D I . 1-90 and applicable footnotes for joints qualified.
Subject: Welding Procedure QualificationUsing Plate for Pipe Application Code Edition: 01.1-90 Code Provision: Sedon 5.10.5 AWS tog:2.24

Inquiry: A contractor has qualified weld procedureusing FCAW with gas shielding in the lG, 2G,3G,and 4G positions using plate as test coupons.According to AWS Dl.1-90. Subsection 5.105, arc these procedures qualified to weld in the SF poaition on a pipe, rollcd from steel plate, with a diameter range o 33 through 1 4 4 inches. with the same welding pmcess? f Response: Yes. See Table 5.4, Footnote 1.
Subject: Fle Weld WPS Qualification il t Code Edition: Dl.1-90 Code Provision: Section 5.12.3 AWS Log: 1-91-0343

Inquiry: What are the D1.I-90requinments for a fillet weld p d u r e qualification test? Response: Subsection 5.123 sets forth the requirements for Dl.1-90 fillet weld procedure qualifitions.
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Subject: Third Party Welder Qualification Code Edition: 01.1-90 Code Provision: Section 5, Part C AWS Log: 101-90-026-03

Inquiry: D o c s the D I.I Code state that we have t qualify our welders by a third party service company, o r a n we qualify our o welders by ourselves in accordancewith DI . I ? Response: AWS Dl. I does not indicate the use of a third party inspection service toqualify weiden, welding operators, a r tack welders.

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Subject: Bend Speamen Requirements for Pipe Welder Qualification CO& Edition: D1.1-90

Code Provisions: Table5.6 AWS Log: 1D1-90-03643 Inquiry: Table 5 6 of Dl.1-90. under the heading "Job Size Pipe or Tubing," requires four side bends for material in. in . 24 diameter, w i t h a wall thickness >318 in. Figure 5.30 requires Wo sidebends and two face bends for pipe with a wall thickness (318 in. When qualifying a welder for a groove weld in the 6G posi1:ion using 5 in pipe. 3/8 in. wall thickness. which is required - four side bends, or two faceand two root bends? Response: According to AWS DI.1-90, the material size and thickness would require four side bends per Table 5.6. Figure 5-30 is to be used for location of the bend samples only.
Subject Qualification of Welder to Fillet Weld Studs Code Edition: 01.1-90 Code Provision: Section 5.17 AWS Log: lD1-91-001-03

Subject Welder Qualification (BackgougedJoints1 Code Edition: Dl.1-90

Code Provision: Section 5.19

AWS Log: 101-90-024-03

Inquiry: Are welders qualified to Subsection 5.19 of the D1.1-90Ccde also qualified to weld a full-penetration grooveweld without backing, provided the root is backgouged prior to the second side? Response: Yes. within the limitationsof variables.
Subject: PipeWelding Qualification Code Edition: 01.1-90 Code Provisions: Section 5.23.1.1, Table 5.4. Table 5.1 AWS Log: 1D1-90-022-03

Inquiry:
(1) Does a grooveweld procedure qualification test plate welded in the IG (flat) position qualify longitudinal pipe Seam welding procedures to be welded in the I position? G (2) D o e s a maximum 16411 diameter weld test pipe qualify circumferential welding procedures for welding 16-in. and 24-n.-diameter pipe, provided wall thickness rcquiremcnts met? are

Response: (l)Yes,~ee5.23.1.1andTabie5.4ofDI.I-90.
(2) Yes. Sce Table 5.1 afD1.1-90.

Subject Welder Qualification for Partial Penetration T-, Y-, and K-$Connections Code Edition: D1.l-90 Code Provision: Section 5.23.2.4
AWS Log: 101-90-03143/06
Inquiry: If a welder qualifiesin the 6G position on pipe with backing..is the welder qualified to make partial joint penetrarion groove welds in T-, and K-connections? Y-.

Response: Yes.

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m
Subject Nationally Approved NOT Qualification Schemes Code Edition: Dl.l-90 Code Provision: Section 6.7.8 AWS Log: 101-90-048-05

07842h5 0518777 Th9

Inquiry: If NDT operators are qualified to other nationally approved NDT certification schemes. such as that of the South African Qualificationand Certification Committee for NDT (SAQCC-NDT). and areoperating withina manufacturer'squality assurance program with its own section on NDT training, qualification and certification. would AWS consider that its q u i r e ments had been met? Response: Refer to 6.7.8 of DI. 1 - 9 0 . Thc owner has the prerogativc to compare the SouthAfrican NDT requirements to ASNTTC-IA. If their requirements meet or exceed the ASNT-TC-IA requirements.then i t mccts the intent o the AWS DI.1 C d e . f
Subject: Definition of"Partial" and "Spot" Code Edition: 01.1-90 Code Provision: Section 6.8 AWS Logs: 1-7/91-02-05. Dl-91-014-05.101-91-015-05

Inquiry: \.Ve request a definition of the terms "partial" and "spot" examination (in DI.1 subsection 6.8). Response: The rquircments for exploration of discontinuitiesand additional testingarc identical for "partial" and "spot' resting. See commentary C68 for additional information.
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Subject: UT Transducers Code Edition: Dl.1-90 Code Provisions: Section 6.15.6, Table 6.3 AWS tog: 1-91-01-05

Inquiry: ( I ) Subsection 6.15.6 of Dl.1 states in part that straight beam (longitudinal wave) Karch unit transducers shall have an active area of not less than IR in.' (323 mm?)nor more than I in.? (645 mm?).Areas of 112 in.' and I in.' convert to l l straight barn transducers are round, diameters of 0.8 in. and I. 13 in., respectively. Since a commercially available o the only transducers capableof meeting this requinmenthave a diameter f 1 in. S i n n a range of transducer arcar is specified, can these dimensions be interpreted as diameters (112 in. to I in.) rather thanarcas? (2) Table 63 of D 1. I , procedure numbers and 5. specify lower refracted angles (45 degrees and 60 degrees. respec4 tively) for the top quarter o the weld than for the middle half and bottom quaner (70 degrees) of the weld. This is f
contrary to the other procedures, and it appears to violate the intent o f the inspection requirements.

RfSpoIW!: (1) No. (2) See Table 6.3 for the application o procedure numben, 4 and 5. The intent is to usc a IO in. screcn. f
Subject: IIW 8locks Code Edition: D1.l-90 Code provision: Section 6.21.2.3 AWS L* : IR 1-9 1-032-05

Inquiry: This inquiry covers Section 6, Subsection 6.21.23 of AWS D1.I. Srrucrural Welding Code -Steel-W. The use of the Internationallnstitute of Welding (IIW) reference block. T y p 2,is discussed. We have found that using the Type2 reference block for calibrationdoesn't follow the Code. The Code states that there should an indication at 4 in. and 8 in. on the C Z for be ET aType 2 block. Yet. when the Type 2 reference block is usad, there isn't an indication at 8 in. An 8-in. indication is not obtained bccause the signal travelsin this fashion: the signal leaves the transducer, and attenuates out into the block. Response: The calibration procedure referenced i n 6.2 I .2.3 i s c o r d as written. The 8-in. indication is attained from t h e W O milled slots which are shown as the reference point for the 4 i n . radius on the Type 2 IIW Block.

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07811265 0518778 9T5

Subject: Stud Material Selection Code Edition: 01.1-90 Code Provision: Section 7 3 1 .. AWS Log: 1-12/91-0147

Subject: Auxiliary Attachments Code Edition: 01.1-90 Code Provision: Section 8.2.3.3 AWS Lag: 1-8/91-0241

Inquiry: What does the statement in 8.2.33, .e., "auxiliary attachmmts or components" apply to?
Response: The applicability of the statement "auxiliary attachments or components" is the responsibility of the Engineer. Therefore, the answer to the inquiry would be yes or no, depending cm the Engineer's judgment.

Subject: Transition.Joints Code Edition: D 1.L90 Code Provision: Section 8 1 .0 AWS Log: ID 1-88-008-01 Inquiry: Is a transition required in the joint per the sketch shown [at right]? Response: Yes, if the joint is in tension (see 8.10 of D l. 1-90).

ml-~s-ol

Subject Alignment of Members Code Edition: Dl.1-90 Code Provisions: Section 8.10 AWS Log: IDl-90-037-01 Inquiry:

( I ) Do provisions of 8.10 (of D1.l)apply to axially alignedmembers only? ( 2 ) Do the provisions of 8.10also apply to intersecting members not axially aligned
angled intersections?

- i.e.. normal or

Response:
( I ) Yes.The subcommittee is reviewing the wording of8.10. ( 2 ) No.

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c 1 ~ 8 w b s S I , 831,m O ~ ~

Subject: Welding Procedure Qualification for T-, Y-, K- Connections Code Edition: 01.1-90 Code Provisions: Section 10.12.3.3 and Table 10.5 AWS Lag: I 1-90-047-03106 O

Inquiry: Can a procedure used to qualify T-, Y-, and K- connections (i.e.. Fig. 5.25) usc a groovc anplc Icss than 37.5 dcprccs and still meet all other Code requirenlcnrs? Resp0n.w: Yes: see Table 10.5 and IO. 12.1.3.

Subject: Low Hydrogen Welding Process for Base Metal Repair Code Edition: Dl.1-90 Code Provision: Appendix X I AWS Log: 101~91-004-02/04

Inquiry: Arc CiMAW and FCAW low-hydrogen processes in relation to base meml repair? Response: See /\WS D I . 1 , Appendix S ,Page 287 (D I. 1 - 9 0 ) . Subsection X16.2.2 for low-tlydrogcrr definitions. See I Subsection 3.2.2.2. for base metal repairs.

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Subject: Company Name Change Code Edition: 01.1-92 Code Provision: None AWS Log: 3.8

Inquiry:
( I ) Is it permissible to use our new company name on all previously qualified WPS's without rcqualification? (2) Is additional documentation required?

Response: ( I ) Yes. (2) No.

Subject: RecrushedSlag Code Edition: 01.1-92 Code Provision: Section 4.8.5 AWS Logs: I-8/91-06-03,1-8/91-07-03

Inquiry: Does ANSUAWS D . permit the use of recrushed slags? 11 Response: Yes, per subsection 4.8.5 of ANSIlAWS Dl.l-92.

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Subject: Effect on WPS Qualification Because of Changes in Filler Metal Classification Code Edition: 01.1-92 Code Provisions: 5.4.4, 5.15 AWS Log: 2.23

Inquiry:
( I ) A r e welding procedures that have been previously qualified by test. and that employ filler metals previouslyclassified under a separate filler metal specification with a different classification. requiredr 0 be requalified when the filler metal specification committee makes a change results in a reclassification of the electrode? thar (2) Are welders who are currently qualifiedto weld w i t h a r.pccific clcctrode required to be requaiified when the activilx ties of the fitler metal committee cause the electrode to reclassified undera different fillermetal specification? Response: ( I ) No, Subsection 5.4.4 of DI. 1-92 would permit the continued use of these procedures without requalification. The written WPS, however, should be changed to reflect the new filler metal classification. (2) No. The code intent is expressedin Subsection 5. I5 of D I . 1-92. If there is no change in the electrode, there i s no need to redetermine the abilityof the welder to produce sound welds.

Subject: Qualification of Welders for Structural Shapes and Tubular Joints over 24 inches in Diameter
Code Edition: Dl.1-92 Code Provision: Table 5.4 AWS Log:2.2?

Inquiry: Is a welder who is qualified by a plate test also qualified to weld grooves and fillets on rolled structural shapes or tubulars that are over 24 inches in diameter?

Response: Yes.

Subject: Welder QualificationLimitations Code Edition: 01.1-92 Code Provision: Table 5.6 AWS Log: 3.4

Inquiry: Is a welder rvho qualified on a 318" CJP groove weld test coupon qualified to makea groove weld a size less than or equal to 3/4" on a base metal(s) greater than314" thick? Response: No; see Table 5.6.

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Subject: Ultrasonic Inspection Code Edition: Dl.1-92 Code Provisions: Sections 6.13.1. 6.13.4, 6.15.6, 6.15.7.2,6.21.2.4,8.15.4 AWS Lag: 5.7

Inquiry:
( I ) Why is there no screen height setting for reiercnce line hcight indicarion whon ;rnglc kam resting? Rcfcr to 6.21.2.2ofDI.1. ( 2 ) D o c s Section 8.15.4 covcr welds, base metals. or b o t h ? (3) I s it acccptablc IO use smaller diameter transducerson thin material'? RefcrIO 6.156. (4) 1s it acceptable to use smaller transducers (or circumfcrcntial transducers) whcn joint configuraion doesnot pcrrnit .62x .C? in. transducers? Reler to 6.15.7.2. Kcsponsc: ( I ) 'lhe reference line is relarive and can tX. set at any convcnient level the tcchnician rvants to work with. (2) Weld and HAZ only. See 6.13. I and 6.13.4. (3) No.
(4)

No.

Subject: Qualificationto Other Codes Code Edition: 01.1-86. Dl.1-92 Code Provisions: Commentary C5.4.2. C5.4.3 AWS Log: lD1-90-045-03

Inquiry:
( I ) Is it the intent o DI, to address qualification other codes? f I to (2) May the Engineer accept qualificationf welders qualifiedto other codes? o

Response:
( I ) No. See C5.4.2 (Di.1-86) C5.4.3(Dl.1-92). o r (2) Yes. See (3.4.2 (D I 1-86) or C5.43( D l . 1-92).
~

Subject: PrequalifiedJoints
Code Edition: Dl.1-94 Code Provision: Figure 2.4 AWS Log: 2.28

Inquiry: Are lhe joint details (see figure) prcqualified according to D l . 1-94, Figure 2.4? Response: Yes.

-t-

t
12

4 &
tl

I
Joint A

r
Joint B

Nole: All dunensions meet requiremenls of Figura 2.4. TC-U4a-X. excepl T, = I , t 1,

Note: Mer U P groove weld of 1, lo I, i complete. then pbte t2 is added and s welded lo I,. Dimensions of both CJP welds meet requirements d TC-U4a-X

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Index By Subject Of Inquiry

NO. General Provisions Base Material Approval 19 Thickness Limitations -5.19 Design of Welded Connections Backgouged Double WeldedJoint 16 flare BevelGroove Weld Radius......................... 20 Partial Joint Penetration Groove Weld 12 Reinforced Fillet Weld Joint Design 20 Rootopening 1 1 Single Pass Fillet Weld ................................ 15 Skewed 6 Workmanship Camber Tolerance 13 CornerRsdii 16 Oxygen Cut Surfaces (Notches and Gouges) ............... 13 Reentrant Corners 10 RunoffTabWdds 20 Shelf Bars for Column SpliceWelds 13 Sudoce Cleanliness 7 Web Flatn.n Tolorance 6 TKhniqu Base Metal Qualification -21 Change From 'Bridges" to 'Dynamically 21 Loaded Structura' FCAW Electrodos 20 RanushedSlag 27 20 V i r a t o r y Stress Relief Qualification Base Matm-al Qualification 21 BcndJigs 15 Bend Specimen Rsquirenmnts lor Pipe W d d u Oudifications 24 14 Combination of O u a r i d and PrequelifiedWPSs D.pthofFu*on 18 E I s a o n WPs Oualificstion Becausa of ik 28 Changea in Fl Metal Usailication Enginoer Acceptance of W d d r O u d i k a t i o n 22
P. . 9

P.(l

No .

................................ ..............................

........................................

....................... .................... ......................

......................................... .................................... .....................................

....................................... ....................................

............................................ iI ....................... 16 Third Party W e l k Qualification ......................... 23 11 Tools for Welder Qualitication Test ....................... Weider Qu*Mcation (Allowable Undarcut1 ................ 17 Welder QuaM-tion IBackgougsd Joints1 ................. 24 Welder Qvslification Documentation ..................... ZI Wddor Qualification Limits............................. 28 Welder Q u a l i i t i o n R e t e - ............................ 17 Welder Qualification to Other Standards.................. 28 WslderMd&ng Operator Oualifiution ................... 11
6GRTest T M Plata Root Opening ToleranW.ldingofN ......................................... 11 Wdding Personnel Qualification Respom.bility .............. 7 W e s of Oudifiution Tests mr 7 WPS Qualification Tables 10.23 Inspection Definition of 'Partial' and Spat' . 2 S. I I W Cslibretion Blocks 25 Inspector Rssponu.bilities 6 Nationally Clpproud NOT Qualificstion Schemes 25 NOT Level 111 Q df to s u imi n 12 ND1Operator Requirements -12 Qualification SupmWon 9 Ultrasonic Inspection . 8 , 29 UTTrananrduMn 25 Stud Wdding Stud M a t a h l Selection 26 Statically Loaded Stmctures Alignment of Members 26 Auxiliary Altachmonts 26 Transition Joints 26 utbasonic Accaptmc* Tables 19 Ultrasonk Inspution 29 Dynamically Loaded Sttucturas

................................. ............................. ........................................... ............................. ...........

.................................... ................................. .............................. ................................... ..................................... ......................................

......................

............................ ....................... .................................

............................

......................................
..................... ..............

........................... ............................... ............................... ...................................... ................................ ................................ ................................. ..................................... ........................... .................................. f 8 t i ~ O F i W ...................................... f ~ 17

............................... ........... .............................

Qualification of W d d m for Structud Shapes and Tubular Joints OYU 24 inch- in Diameter Quelifiwtion of Welder to Filet W d d Studs Qualification of WoldingProcedures Using PlPte for Pi .A p p h t i o N p Qualiication Requirements(Welder and WPS)

5 ..................................... Evidenu of Qudlcation ............................... -8 Fillet Weld O u a l i ~ o by Pipa WPSs................. 17, 23 n F W d d WPS Oudification ........................... 4 l i 23 fillet W d d w Q d i i t i o.............................. n 11 GMAW-S Weldor C l d i o n .......................... 21 Puformane* Q s l i f i d o n RTIBsnd Requir*m r . .......... 8 at. Porformanco Chmlificotion W S s ........................ - 7 PipeWddingOualifiution .............................24 Prequafifid Joints .................................... 29 Prequalified W S Requirem.ntr ......................... -7 Q u a l i r i o n of Multiple Proe....................... U Qualification of Shielding Gas Mixtur- ................... 22 Qualification of W d d a for P d W P.netration T.Y. and K Connections .....................24 Euem-dVariaM er

Ultrasonic Acc.ptanc* Tables Web RanToleram* Tubular Structwos Qudicstion of Welding ProCufures For T Y and K Connmaonr , , W d d i n p o f Nuto AaPnrdiX I Reinforang F W d d r e l i t

................................. 6

........................... 19

............................27 ...................................... 11
................................
20

Appmdix XI Low Hydrogen Wdding ProCror

............... 24

.............

28

........................ 23 ............. 15

for B Metal Repaim Appandix E A p p d i x E Minimum Requiremutts Prequdied WPS Requiremsnt Cornmentary Qualification To Oth Codes Inquines Without Spdfic Code Provisions CodeEdition CompanyNameChnng Designers Responu'bility GrooveDepth

................................

27

..........................- 7 ........................16, to

...................... 9

........................................ 12 ............................... 27 ............................... 18 ....................................... 18 SurtscePoros-ay ..................................... 18

Unequal Log Fillet W d &

...............................

17

. 39
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07842b5 0518783 262

IndexBy Cde Provision

(Code Year in Parentheses)
Page

No .

Thickness Limilations (901. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Reinforced Fillat Wald Joint Design (901. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.1.4 Skewed TJoint 1791. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transducers ... 6 2.10.1.1 Partial Joint Penetration Groove Weld (84) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.2.1 Surface Cleanliness 1811 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.2.2 Oxygen Cul Surfaces I841 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 324 CotnsrR.diil8Sl ............................... 16 Rmontrant Cornars 1 8 2 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.5 Web Flatness Tolerance (80) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 I841................................ 13 Tolerance Camber 3.5.1.3 3.6.2 Shell Bars for Column Splice Welds 184) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 16 3.12 1 Corner Radii I851 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Runoff Tab Wolds 190) ................................. 20 3.12.2 Runofl Tab Wolds 190) ................................. 20 4.4 Vibralory Stress Rdid ( 9 0 1 ............................ 21 4 8.5 R w r u r h d Slag 1921................................... 27 4.15 Change From 'Bridger' lo 'Dynamically Loaded Structures' (901 21

.2 2.2 1.2.3 2.3 4

(901 ............................ Thickness Limitations (791 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Base Material Approval

5 6

19

6.8 6.13.1 6.13.4 6.15.6

...............................

Section 5: Wolder Qualification to Other Standards (921 ............ 28 Section S Part C: Third Party Welder QudifcatMn 1901 ..................... 23 Tools for Wdder Qualificationl s (841 ot 14 Section 5 Part D: WelderlWdding 0p.rator Oudification (83) ............... 11 5.1.1 Praqunlifiod WPS Roquiramenb (811 ..................... t 5.1.2 Welder Qualification Doarrmntation I901 21 5.1.3 Combination of (*rditkatiOn 4nd P r o q u d i f i d WPSs (841 14 52 Qualifiution of Shielding Gas Mitturos (901 22 5.3 Welding Pmonnal QualificationRasponsibility (81) 7 5.3.2 GMAW-S W d d U O u o l i c a t i o n (901 22 5.4.2 Engineor Accapbnco of W d d u ~ t k b t i O (SOI n 22 Bacou- of Changes #.4.4 E f f u t o n WPS (luJ?iutjon m Rllu M t CIourficoUon 192) o4 28 Essontial Varioblr {XI5 ( I d f i r a t i o n of Multiple Rocossos ( 9 0 1 ..U s.s.1.3 easa M a t o a au.lific.tion {sol 21 5.52.31rrQualifimion of Shiddg G m M i a u o s (901 22 5.10.3 fl . w d d r audifiution ( 8 3 ) i1r .. 11 5.10.5 Qualiition o W.lding Rocduros Using l Plata for P;pe Appliutlons (Sol 23

...................

.................. ................................ ............... .......... ....................... ........... ................................

......................... ................. ......................... ............... ....................... -

5.12.3
5.13 5.15

........................ 7 of Changas in Fl Mota1 Classification1921........................... ik 28 5.16.1 Welding of Nuts (821 ................................. -11 5.17 Quelifiution of W d d w to Fillet Wold Studs ( 9 0 ) ............ 24 5.17.12 WIot W d d u &alific.mtion 183) .......................... 11 5.18 Qualification Roquiremonts Woldor m d W S ) (841.......... IS n 5.19 Qualification Roquiramonts W J d r and W S ) (So .......... 15 Welder Oudificalion IBsckgouged Joints) 1901 .............24 5.23.1.1 Pip. Wdbng Qualification (90) .......................... 24
Witn.ir of Oudificotion Tosts ( E l l Effoct on WPS Oudifiution Rocou-

.......................... Fillet W d d WPS Quolificalion (Sol .......................23

Depth of FU.~QR 1901

.................................. 19

Definition of "Partial' and 'Spot' I 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Ultrasonic Inspection 192) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 29 Ultrasonic Inspection (921 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ultrasonic Inspection 1921 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 UT (901 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 6.15.7.2 Ultrasonic I n s p u t i o n (921 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 6.21.2.3 IIW Calibration Blocks 1 9 0 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 6.21.2.4 Ultrasonic Inspection 192) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3.1 Stud Material Selection 190) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 8.2.3.3 Auxiliary Attachments I901 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 8.10 Alignment of Members ( 9 0 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Transition Joints (901. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 8 15.4 Ultrasonic Inspection (92) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 9.23 Web FIetnsu Tolorance leo) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 10.2 Welding of Nuts 1821 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 10.123.3QuaIifi~ation Welding Procedure for T Y of and K Connections ( 9 0 1 ................................ 21 Table 2.1: Flare Bevel Groove Weld Radius (90).................... 20 Tabla 2.7: Sinda Pass Fillet Weld 1851 ........................... 15 a u Tablo 4.1: B Metal Oudification 1901 .......................... 21 FCAW Electrodes 1901 .......................... 20 Table 4.2: FCAW E l u t r o d e r ( 9 0 1 ................................ 2 0 Table 5.1: Pip. Welding Quolification190) ........................ 24 Table 5.4 Qudification of Welders for Stmcttd S b p a and Tubular Jonits o v w 24 inches in Diamator 1921 Ts Pipe Wdding QualificationI 9 0 1 .......................... 24 WPS Oualifkation Tbblrs190) ........................ 10 23 Table 5.6 Band Specimen Requirements for Pipe Wdder Qualifiution 190) 24 Fillet W d d Qudifieation by Pipa WPS (881 17.23 28 W d d r Qudification Umits (921 l t 23 Table 5.10.1 (21: Fillet Wold Qualificationby Pipa WPS ( 8 8 1 ..... Tabla 5.10.5: 6GR Tost l84l 14 WPS Quolification T a M r 1821 10 U Toble 6.3: UT Tramducus (Sol 25 18 Table 83: V(8aranic 4cwptonco Tabla 1901 UltrasonicAccoptmco T a b l a I0 91 la Tablo 9.3 Tablo 10.5: Q u a l i t i o n of Waldig Proc.duo lor T V. and K C o n n ~ o n1901 , r 27 Figure 2.+ Pr.qu.li6.d Joints (SU 29 Rgurr 2.5: Flur Bwd Groovo Wold Radius 1901 ............... 20 figure 2.7.1: Skewed TJoint 091 6 figuro 2.9.1: 6aekgoug.d Doubto W d d d Jdnt ( 8 6 1 16 figuro 2.10.2: Root Oponing 1 8 3 11 Figuro 5.10.1.3:Q~alification Roqulromm Iwoldu and WPSl (841..... 15 figuro 511k 6GR Tost (841 14 Figure S X Z A : T& Phta Root Opening Tdranco 185) 16 Figure 5.27.1: Bond Jwr (841 15 Figuro 9.4B Fatipue R g w n (SS) 17 Figuro 9.42 Fatigue Figura (881 17

..

.....-

..........

.................................. .................. . ............................. ................. .......- ......... ...............- .- .

.......................... .............. ......................... - ..

........ - ................. .................- ............

..............

.............................. ............- .....................

A p p d x I:

Appendir XI:
Appendix E

5.23.2.4 Qualifimtion of Walder for Partial Penetration T V and U Connections 190) 24 5.24 Wdding of Nuts I 2 81 11 5.25 Patormanco Qualification WPSs (81) 7 5.26 PerformarnoQualificationRTIBendRequiraments (BY) ....... 8 5.28.6 Welder Qualification IAllowabla Und.tcut1 (861 ............. l? 5.29 Evidence ofQualification 181) 8 5 30 Wdder Qualification R o t e s r 1%) ........................ 17 5.31 Wttnew 01 Oudification 1-ts I811 ........................ t 5.36 Performance Qualification WPS (811 ....................... 7 5.37 Performance Qualification RTlSendRequirements (81) . . . . . . . 8

..

R.inforced Low Hydropan Wddin Process for Bas Metal Rep& B O I

................................. ... - ..... - ................... ......... - ................... Fillet Wold 19W ........................ 20
........................ 21
............................ .......................

.............

............................ ..................................

......................

Minimum Raquiraments I811 Prequalifiad WPS Raquirament 1811

9 7

............................

Commentary C5.4.2: Qualification t o Other C o d a (86.921 ~ 5 . 4 . 1 :Qudifiwtion to 0h Cod- I= 9 t a

............ 16.29
12

............ 16.29

Section 6. Part C 1811

6.4.1 6.5.4 6.5.5 T.7.7 b.7.8

Qualification Supervision 1811............................ 9 Impactor Rarponsibilities (791 ........................... 6 InspectorResponsibilities (791 ........................... 6 NOT LeVd 111 Qualifications I831 ........................ .IL NOT Operator Requirements 1831 ........................ 12 Nationally Approved NOT Qualification Schemes (90) 24

.........................................

........

Inquiries Without Specific Code Provisions Codo Edition I841 ..................................... Company Name Change (921............................ Designers Responsibility I901 ........................... Depth of Fusion I901 .................................. G r o o v e D ~ t h ( 9 0.................................... ) SurfacePorosity(901 .................................. Uhrasonic Acceptance Tablas 1901 ....................... Unequal LegFikt Welds (90)

27
18 18
18 18

...........................

19

"

31

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Users Log Of Official Interpretations

New officia1 interpretations of ANSUAWS D. technia1 rtquirements are published twice a year, in the July and November 11 issues of the AWS Weldinn Journal. The space below is provided f r the purpose of maintaining a b of these additions, s that o g o

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