TELNET

WAN Connectivity Options For ATMs

An Analysis OfWale Adetugbo Radio, Cellular & VSAT

Telnet (Nigeria) Limited

February, 2006

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Agenda
Business Problem Connection Options Conclusion

ATM Connectivity

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Business Problem
Low Cost Connectivity Between ATM & Processor
Relatively Low Bandwidth Requirement
9.6Kbps

Deterministic Or Guaranteed Performance

Ability To Predict Time Taken By A Transaction Dependent On Link Characteristics

Security

ATM Connectivity

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Connection Options
Radio GSM VSAT Infrastructural Challenges Dictate Options
Variety Of Data Services Available In Developed Economies
Telephone Access (Wireline) Is Ubiquitous Most ATMs Use Dial Up
Not An Option For Nigeria YET!

ATM Connectivity

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Connection Options - Radio

Radio Installation Connecting ATM To Financial Network Point To Point Links Licensed & Unlicensed
Only Licensed Radios Can Guarantee Performance Unlicensed Radios Suffer From Interference

N Link Problem
A City With 40 ATMs will require 40 Radio Links To A Central Site Problematic For Off Site ATMs

Low Speed Radios Relatively Unavailable

64K & Lower Bandwidths Required, Fractional E1 and Above Available
ATM Connectivity

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Connection Options - Radio

Price
From 10K USD Per Link

ATM Connectivity

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Connection Options - GSM

Use GSM Infrastructure GPRS To Connect ATMs Operator Provisioned Service
No Performance Guarantees! Best Effort

Inherently Low Speed

Theoretical Good Fit For Low Traffic Requirement Of ATM

ATM Connectivity

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Connection Options - GSM

GPRS Performance
Extremely Variable
Due To Nature Of GPRS Uses Spare Radio Capacity In Cell Voice Traffic Takes Precedence No Spare Capacity In Nigerian Networks At Present
Dropped Call Or Network Problem Syndrome

GPRS Characteristics
Low & Fluctuating Bandwidth High & Variable Latency Link Blackouts
R. Chakravorty and I. Pratt. Performance Issues with General Packet Radio Service. Journal of Communications and Networks (JCN) 4, 2 (2002)
ATM Connectivity

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Connection Options - GSM

GPRS Performance Technical
Requires Dedicated PDCH (Packet Data Channel) For Acceptable Performance Acceptable Performance Defined As No Of Users & Average IP traffic In GSM Cell
Requires Dedicated TCH (Traffic Channel) Lowers Voice Capacity In Cell Not Acceptable To The Nigerian Operator Today
Congestion

Peter Stuckman Radio Network Dimensioning for GPRS Networks to support Mobile Internet Applications.Wrzburger Workshop "IP Netzplanung, IP Netzmanagement und Optimierung 21-7-2000 University Of Wursburg
ATM Connectivity

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Connection Options GSM

Price
From 1K USD For Modems 100 USD Monthly

ATM Connectivity

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ATM Connectivity

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Connection Options - VSAT

VSAT Terminal Installed At ATM Location Guaranteed Performance
Fixed Bandwidth Costs Transaction Volumes Determine Bandwidth Required Across ALL ATMs
100 ATMs Generating 20,000 Transactions A Day Require 128K Bandwidth For 2 Second Response Time

Cost Effective For Multiple Site Installations

ATM Connectivity

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Connection Options - VSAT

Price
7K USD Per Installation 1K USD Per Month Bandwidth Costs For 100 ATMs

ATM Connectivity

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Conclusion
GPRS Is Cheapest But Lowest Performing Option
Only Use If Operator Will Give Performance Guarantees For Throughput, Delay, & Latency
Impossible In Nigeria Today

Do NOT Recommend
ATMs will sometimes Work. Or NOT! Transaction Times Highly Variable And Will Depend On Time Of Day! 2 Min Trasaction @ 7AM versus 10 Min Trasaction @ 4PM
Career Limiting!!!

ATM Connectivity

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Conclusion
Radios Should Only Be Used In High Volume Locations Or Where Multiple Services Are Being Provided Over The Same Link
Bank Branches
Radio Carries ATM, Branch IP Traffic, Voice etc.

Malls With Multiple ATMs

Radio Carries Traffic For All ATMs

Dedicated Radio Links For ATMs

Too Expensive Dont Scale!

ATM Connectivity

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Conclusion
VSAT Is Ideal For Off Site ATMs
Price & Performance

Radio For Locations With Multiple Services GPRS To Be Avoided

In Special Cases Where Contract Specifies The Lack Of Performance Guarantees & Customer Is Aware Of The Problems

ATM Connectivity