Industrial Washing & Dyeing

Q 50) Describe the fault / problem of garments if Excess Load in the washing machine. Ans. The fault / problem of garments if Excess Load in the washing machine: 1. 2. 3. 4. Uneven wash. Crease mark. Poor hand feel. Poor wash effect.

Q 51) what are the reason of after wash hole? Ans. The reason of after wash hole: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Weaving fault. Trimming problem. Old / Damage machine. Miss handling. Broken needle.

Q 52) What is the standard r.p.m (Inner drum) of industrial dryer? Ans. The standard r.p.m (Inner drum) of industrial dryer is 28 to 35 r.p.m. Q 53) If inner drum r.p.m of washing m/c and dryer m/c is too high. What types of effect on garment? Ans. The types of effect on garment: 1. 2. 3. 4. Uneven wash. Crease mark. Poor hand feel. Poor wash effect.

Q 54) What are standard L:R De-sizing, Enzyme bath and Softener bath ? Ans. - The Standard L : R for De-sizing is 1 : 8 to 1:9. - The Standard L : R for Enzyme bath is 1 : 8. - The Standard L : R for Softener bath is 1 : 6 to 1:7. Q 55) Write the name of steps of stone Enzyme wash process of denim Long Pant. Ans. The steps of stone Enzyme wash process of denim Long Pant: De-sizing Stone Enzyme Bleaching Neutral Softner & pH Control

Hydro extractor Dryer Quality Control Delivery to Finishing Q 56) Write the name of steps of Enzyme wash process of Denim Dark Enzyme wash process. Ans. The steps of Enzyme wash process of Denim Dark Enzyme wash process: De-sizing Enzyme Softner & pH Control Hydro extractor Dryer Quality Control Delivery to Finishing Q 57) Write the flow chart of Medium Enzyme wash of Denim Readymade Garments. Ans. The flow chart of Medium Enzyme washes of Denim Readymade Garments: De-sizing Enzyme Bleaching Neutral Softner & pH Control Hydro extractor Dryer Quality Control Delivery to Finishing Q 58) Write the chemical name of Acid wash process. Ans. The chemical name of Acid washes process: 1. De-Sizing Agent. 2. Detergent. 3. Potassium Per Manganate.

4. 5. 6. 7.

Phosphoric Acid. Sodium Metabisulphite. Acetic Acid. Softner.

Q 59) What is the standard stock solution of P.P Solution? Ans. The standard stock solution of P.P. Solution: Potassium Per Manganate @ 0.5%. Phosphoric Acid /P P Booster@ 0.125%.

Q 60) How do you neutralization of P.P. treatment garment? Ans. The neutralization of P.P. treatment garment: Lot weight ............ 60Kgs. Add water @ L : R = 1 : 8. Machine running. Add Sodium Metabisulphite @ 5 gm/liter. Cold temperature. Time 5 mts. Drop the liquor.

Q 61) Write the precaution of Acid wash. Ans. The precaution of Acid washes: Maintain the stock solution properly constant when comes socking the stone. No water lickage in to the machine when treated pumic stone & garments in to the machine. Not excess load the garments in the Acid wash processing. Add some new stone after finishing on batch to maintain the volume for 2nd batch. It is a mater of experience.

Q 62) what type of dyes is used for Tinting of readymade garments? Ans. Direct and Reactive dyes are used for Tinting of readymade garments. Q 63) Generally which color is used for Tinting? Ans. Generally Yellow, Brown and Orange color are used for Tinting. Q 64) Write the main Tinting process (Dyeing) by Direct Dyes. Ans. The main Tinting process (Dyeing) by Direct Dyes: After different wet processing i.e. Acid wash, Stone wash, Enzyme wash, Stone enzyme wash, Bleach wash take 60 garment for Tinting & over dyeing. water @ L : R = 1 : 7420 liter. Run the Machine. Temperature................. 50 - 80c. Dir. Brown GTL - @ 0.04%. Dir. Orange ZTL - @ 0.01% Add Salt @ 20 gm / liter. Add Leveling agent @ 0.5%. kg

Time................................ 10 to 30 mts. Rinse by cold water 3 minutes.

Q 65) Write the main Tinting process (Dyeing) by Reactive Dyes. Ans. The main Tinting process (Dyeing) by Reactive Dyes: After different wet processing i.e. Acid wash, Stone wash, Enzyme wash, Stone enzyme wash, Bleach wash take 60 kg garment for Tinting & over dyeing. Water @ L : R = 1 : 7..420liter. Run the Machine. Temperature................. 60c Reactive Red Reactive Yellow Brown Reactive Black Leveling agent - @ 0.5 gm / liter. Salt - @ 20 gm / liter. Soda ash @ 10 gm / liter. Time ...................... 20 to 30 mts.

Q 66) What is standard blowing angel for send blasting process? Ans. 10 to 20 is standard blowing angel for send blasting process. Q 67) What are the main ingredients for sand blasting? Ans. Aluminum Oxide and Dry Air are the main ingredients for sand blasting. Q 68) Write the approx. production / hr sand blasting gun. Ans. The approx. production / hr sand blasting gun is 25 to 50 pcs. but it depends on size of the garment and extent of fading. Q 69) Write the name of protective item for health in the send blasting process. Ans. The operators should have protective standard musk (n95), helmet, gloves, ear plug and uniform. Q 70) What do you mean by P.P. spray? Ans. The mean of P.P. spray is to get more whitish effect on particular area of garment by using P.P. Stock Solution, Dry Air and P.P. Spray Gun. Q 71) What do you mean by P.P. sponging? Ans. The mean of P.P. sponging is to get more whitish effect on particular area of garment by using P.P. Stock Solution, Sponge and Manual Process.

Q 72) What is the purpose of P.P. spray? Ans. The purpose of P.P. spray is to gate more whitish effect on fabric, if we want to more white effect by Sand Blasting / Hands Scraping then the fabric strength will be lose.

Q 73) What is the purpose of P.P. Sponging. Ans. The purpose of P.P. Sponging is to gate more whitish effect on fabric, if we want to more white effect by Sand Blasting / Hands Scraping then the fabric strength will be lose. Q 74) What do you mean by Whickering? Ans. A process of whickering denim/Canvas/Twill/Corduroy garment is deserved below: By rubber pattern & sand blasting gun. i.e. rubber pattern set on garment, rubbing by sand paper and sand through over the pattern by nozzle. By manually created whisker by sand paper on garment. Make a pattern just like pacific whisker and put it inside the garment, then rubbing by fine series paper front side of garment over pattern. By P.P. Spray and P.P. Sponging on garments. Mentioned all process is done on garments fadding effect occurs in garments.

Q 75) What do you mean by Tagging? Ans. Tagging is doing on garment for fashion and value added fashion wear. Tagging is doing by Tagging machine & Tag Gun . Tagging is doing also by niddle & thread & manually. After wash upper portion of garment occurs crease marks and inside of tagging occurs Dark shade.

Q 76) What do you mean by Grinding? Ans. Grinding is doing on garment for mainly old/used look appearance & fashion. Grinding is doing on hem, pocket edge, west belt, pocket opening, and pocket Fluff of garments. Grinding is done generally by grinding machine, sand paper by manually.

Q 77) What do you mean by Destroy? Ans. Destroy is newly fashion on garments. Destroy is doing by manually and some time different types of machine also. Different types of machine used for destroy the garments Grinding machine, Emery cloth, Hacksaw blade, Knife, Cutter etc. When destroy is done one garment, it seems to be long time used effect.

Q 78) What type of fabric is suitable for Permanent Crinkle? Ans. Permanent wrinkle is done on the garments made from all types of fabrics like, Denim, Twill, Canvas, Poplin, Corduroy, Knit & Polyester etc. Q 79) Write the chemical name for Permanent Crinkle on the Garment? Ans. Resin is use for Permanent Crinkle on the Garment and some times add catalyst, silicone, hardener etc.

Q 80) What is the standard temperature for Permanent Crinkle on the oven? Ans. The standard temperature for Permanent Crinkle on the oven is 140c to 160c. Q 81) What is the standard time is required for Permanent Crinkle on the oven? Ans. 20-40 minutes time is required for Permanent Crinkle on the oven if folding layer is less then less time required, if folding layer is more then more time is required. Q 82) What do you mean by overall Crinkle? Ans. Generally overall wrinkle is doing on garments after all types of wet process & dry process. Overall wrinkle is done on the garment made from all types of fabrics like, Denim, Twill, Canvas, Poplin, Corduroy, Knit, Polyester, Viscose & Nylon etc. Now tie the whole garment in tight position by thread. For overall wrinkle, we are used resin in washing machine with water and run tied garments for 5 to 10 minutes at 50c temperature and dry at 100c then load on oven at temperature 140c to 160c for 40-60 minutes.

Q 83) What types of Dyes are used for 100% cotton Readymade Garment? Ans. Dyes are used for 100% cotton Readymade Garment: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Direct Dyes. Reactive Dyes. Pigment Dyes. Sulpher Dyes. VAT Dyes.

Q 84) What do you mean by Ready for Dying Garment? Ans. In gray fabric it have so many impurities like oil, wax, naps, CMC etc, to remove this impurities we have to need Scouring & Bleaching. After Scouring & Bleaching the fabric we get is called Ready for Dying Garment. Q 85) Write the main / first step of ready for Ready for Dying Garment Ans. First Step: Batch size.................... 60 kg cotton shirt (grey). water @ L : R = 1 : 8. Running the machine. Temperature .................. 90c. Detergent @ 2%. Caustic @ 8%. Soda Ash @ 5%. Hydrogen Peroxide (H2o2) @ 12%. Stabilizer @ 5%. Time ........................ 60 to 80mts. Drop the liquor.

Q 86) What do you mean by supper white process? Ans. The supper white process is two bath Scouring & Bleaching for optical super white color which is used directly , it is not use for Dyeing.

Q 87) Write the chemical names which are used for supper white process. Ans. The name of chemical for supper white process: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Detergent. Caustic Soda. Soda Ash. Hydrogen Peroxide (H2o2). Stabilizer. Caustic. Acetic Acid. Optical Brightener. Non-ionic Softner. Micro Emulsion silicone.

Q 88) Write the dying bath process of pigment dyes for cotton Readymade Garment. Ans. The dying bath process of pigment dyes foe cotton Readymade Garment Batch size.................... 60 kg. Water @ L : R = 1 : 7. 420 lt. Add..... Pigment Red @ 3%. Pigment Black @ 0.1%. Add Acetic Acid @ 1cc/liter. Temperature.............. 80c-85c. Time ........................... 30 -40 mts. Drop the liquor.

Q 89) Write the dying bath process of Sulpher dyes for cotton Readymade Garment Ans. The dying bath process of Sulpher dyes for cotton Readymade Garment Batch size................................ 60 kg. water @ L : R = 1 : 7. .420 lt. Optical Yellow - 2.50%. Optical Orange - 0.4%. Add Salt @ 20 gm/liter. Temperature ............. 90c. Time.......................... 60 to 70 mts. Drop the liquor. Rinse overflow until clear water.

Q 90) write the different between Sand Blasting and Hands Scraping Ans. Sand Blasting By machine. Smooth surfs. Use Aluminum Oxide. High cost. High production. Hazardable process. Hands Scraping By manual process. Rough surfs. Use Series Paper. Low cost. Low production. Normal process.