Education, Research, Training and Capacity Building Activities in AIT

(Research & Training Node for Sentinel Asia)

Manzul Hazarika Ph.D.

Associate Director, Geoinformatics Center Asian Institute of Technology E-mail: manzul@ait.ac.th

Asian Institute of Technology (AIT)

AIT Academic Structure (Schools and Extension)
School of Engineering and Technology
Computer Science Design and Manufacturing Engineering Industrial Engineering and Management Information Management Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems Telecommunications Information and Communications Technologies Mechatronics Microelectronics

School of Environment Resources and Development

Agricultural Systems and Engineering Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management Energy Environmental Engineering and Management Food Engineering and Bioprocess Technology Gender and Development Studies Natural Resources Management Pulp and Paper Technology Regional and Rural Development Planning Urban Environmental Management

School of Management
International Business International Public Management Management of Technology Service Marketing and Technology Executive MBA EMBA Bangkok EMBA Vietnam EMBA-HRM

Construction, Engineering and Infrastructure Management Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering Structural Engineering Transportation Engineering Water Engineering and Management

AIT Extension (Non-degree training, consultancy and services)

Agriculture, Resources and Rural Development Business Management Development Management Education and Training Development

Environment, Infrastructure and Urban Development Information and Communications Technology

Remote Sensing and GIS Field of Study

Education Master and PhD Programs Diploma and Certificate Programs 3 Regular Faculties, 1 JAXA Seconded Faculty Approximately 60 students (2006) Multidisciplinary Programs (SET & SERD) New Master Program on Disaster Management (starts in August 2007) Research/Training Center Geoinformatics Center carries out research, training and capacity building activities

Capacity Building : Mini-Projects

by Geoinformatics Center (GIC)

Mini-Projects - Characteristics
Training and comprehensive capacity building through realworld problems such as flood, drought, landslide, etc. Involve data/service provider agencies and services/products user agencies, Explore the theoretical aspects and identify most appropriate data analysis and integration technique Calibration/validation through field observations Generate products with participation of both users and service providers Develop case studies to share in the region

Mini-Projects in 2006
Capacity building projects are being sponsored by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in developing countries.

Projects:
Flood 5 Projects (Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Laos & Nepal) Drought 1 Project (Philippines) Landside 3 Projects (Philippines, Sri Lanka & Vietnam)

Activities:
1. Workshop and Training in AIT Aug/Sep, 2006 2. Field Visit Nov/Dec, 2006 3. Data Analysis and Report Writing in AIT Jan/Feb, 2007

Flood Projects
Sl. No. 1 Country Organizations

Bangladesh Flood Forecasting & Warning Center (FFWC) Local Government Engineering Dept. (LGED) Bangladesh Disaster Preparedness Center (BDPC)

Cambodia

Geography Department, Ministry of Land Administration Urban, Planning and Construction (MLUPC) Hydrology and Water River Works Dept., Ministry of Water Res. and Meteorology (MOWRAM)

3 4

China PR Lao PDR

Beijing Normal University Environmental Research Institute (ERI), Science Technology and Environment Agency Department of Meteorology and Hydrology (DMH) Department of Water Induced Disaster Prevention (DWIDP) Survey Department Department of Hydrology and Meteorology (DHM)

Nepal

Drought and Landslide Projects

Sl. No. 6 7 Country Philippines (Drought) Organizations Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice)

Philippines Philippines Inst. of Volcanology & Seismology (PhiVolcs) (Landslide) National Mapping & Res. Info. Agency (NAMRIA) Sri Lanka National Building Research Organisation (NBRO) Survey Department

Vietnam

Institute of Geography, VAST Min. of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE)

Bangladesh: Flood Mapping by Integrating Remote Sensing Data & MIKE 11 Model
Munshiganj

Cambodia: Flood Hazard Mapping in Three Provinces of Cambodia under Mekong Basin

Kompong Cham, Prey Veng and Kandal Provinces

China: Flood Risk Assessment using Remote Sensing & Hydrologic model in the Xiang Jiang River

Laos: Application of RS-GIS for Flood Extent Study in Savannakhet Province

Nepal: Rainfall-Runoff Modeling of Bagmati Basin & Flood Loss Estimation of Gaur Municipality

Bagmati Bagmati Watershed Watershed

Gaur 3D view

Philippines-I: Detection of Drought Prone Areas Using Remote Sensing and Meteorological Approach in Iloilo

Philippines-II: Modeling of Rain and Earthquake Triggered Landslides using RS and GIS-based Slope Stability Models
Southern Leyte, Philippines
124.24 11.60

124.8 10.82

N
STUDY AREA PHILIPPINES I GUINSAUGON, SOUTHERN LEYTE
125.28 10.15

ASTER DATA ALOS DATA

125.36 9.87

LANDSAT TM IMAGE OF LEYTE ISLAND BANDS 452

Sri Lanka:Use of a Slope Stability Index Based Predicting Tool for Landslide Hazard Mapping

Ratnapura Town Area

Vietnam: Application of Remote Sensing and GIS for Landslide Hazard Mapping in a Mountainous Areas
Yen Chau & Bac Yen Districts

Introduction Mini Projects

Flood Drought Landslide Contact

JAXA Sentinel Asia

Data Collected through Field Visits

Scar of Huoi Thon major landslide

Soil sampling at a shallow landslide location in Huoi Thon

A wide open crack in the road produced by an active landslide in Hong Ngai

A shallow slide in Bac Yen

Point positioning using GPS

Typical land cover

Cambodia
Flood Hazard Mapping in Three Provinces of Cambodia under Mekong Basin
A Detail Example for Flood Hazard Mapping

Study Area

Study area covers 3 provinces (Kompong Cham, Prey Veng, and Kandal) with a population of 245,000.

2000 Flood (Dartmouth Flood Observatory)

Aug., 2000 208,200 sq. km area flooded; 1,139 dead; 6.5 Million displaced Property Damage: 78 Million US$

Main Objectives of the Study

To integrate a flood simulation model and remotely sensed data with the available topographic and socio economic data To validate the model by comparing the simulated flood inundation area and depth with the available flood maps and remote sensing image. Prepare a hazard map using depth map and the socioeconomic data

Data Used
1. Hydrologic Data - Water level - Discharge 2. Vector Data - River network - Road network - Administrative boundary - Location of schools 4. Satellite Images - RADARSAT (2000) - LANDSAT ETM (2005)

3. Topographic Data - Spot height - WGS84 Ellipsoidal heights - Hydrological Atlas /Bathymetry - GPS Survey data 5. Ancillary Data - Population density in 2004 - Settlement in 2004 - Flood Depth in 2000 from MIKE 11

Available Satellite Data of Study Area

Landsat : Jan, 2005

Radarsat : Sep. and Oct., 2000

Methodology
Hydrological Data Topographic and GPS Data Satellite Image
LANDSAT ETM

Population density

Road network

HEC-RAS

TIN

Land use map

Flood hazard map

Vulnerability Assessment

Field Survey

Right Bank: 95.15Km Left Bank: 43.62 Km PP-Kg.Cham:

During Field Survey

Comparison of Results
RADARSAT-1 Image, September, 2000

Flood Affected Villages

Village Affected by flood and non-flood 2000 1500 1076 1000 500 0 Flooded Non flooded

1693

N .v e o illag

Population and household affected and no affected 1,500,000 1,000,000 500,000 0

flooded
non-flooded

1214067 1211019

267842

244626

Total Both Sexes

Total Households

1214067
1211019

267842
244626

Area For Flood Hazard Mapping

Weighted Population Map

Population per commune X Weighted Landuse Total Weight

Weighted Population per pixel

Enlarged Weighted Population Map

Reclassified Landuse Map

Flood Depth Map

Final Flood Hazard Map

Conclusions for Cambodia

Population % of total 3 Rank Agriculture Build Up Agriculture Build Up affected (10 ) population Low 305 396 0.09 0.65 104 4.31 Medium 2387 3400 0.70 6.62 394 16.25 High/V.High High 12646 12734 3.70 21.03 720 29.71 Land Affected, ha % of total land Hazard

The Extent of the flood depth from HEC-RAS is comparable with the flood map derived from RADRASAT data. Hence, approach could be replicated in other parts of the basin. Non-availability of sufficient elevation data for DEM generation was felt as the main problem during the study. ALOS data could be useful generating accurate DEM.

Nepal
Flood Forecasting and Early Warning System in Bagmati Flood Plain

Objectives
To compute flood hydrograph by rainfall-runoff modeling using hydrologic and statistical data To prepare flood hazard maps for various return periods To generate loss functions, estimate flood loss and prepare flood loss map for Gaur municipality To suggest a mechanism for flood forecasting and early warning system

Methodology
Satellite image 1. DEM 2. Flood map 3. Landuse map Topographical Data Rainfall data Hydrological model Flood hydrograph Hydraulic model Flood maps Community survey
(HEC RAS) (1. TRMM & 2. Rain gauge data) (1. HEC HMS and 2. Statistical)

Rating curve Flood maps for Diff. Return periods

Comparison & Improvement

Flood hazard Direct flood Flood maps for maps damage assessment Diff. Water levels Population data Flood risk maps Flood Early War ning System

Data Available
Satellite imagery
Aster Landsat

Hydrological data
Rainfall data Discharge data

Vector data
Topographic data DEM Landuse data

Ancillary data
Socio-economic data Census data

Rainfall-Runoff Modeling (HEC-HMS)

Simulated vs. Observed Discharges
6000

5000

Discharge in m ^3/s

4000

3000

Simulated

Observed

2000

1000

0 1-Jun-04

21-Jun-04

11-Jul-04

31-Jul-04

20-Aug-04

9-Sep-04

29-Sep-04

Tim e in Days

Observed peak discharge = 5600cumecs Simulated peak discharge = 5321cumecs

Regression Analysis Approach of Extreme Discharge Prediction

Test Datasets TRMM 3-hourly rainfall data covering June to September 2004 Daily discharge data of the same period (Dependent Variable) Validation Data 2005 Monsoon (June to September) Predicted Variable is daily discharge data of Monsoon 2005

TRMM Grids in the Study Area

Flood Maps
Input Discharge
Return Period 2 year 5 year 10 year 20 year 50 year 100 year Discharge 3750 6150 7750 9250 11250 12700

Inundated area
Return period 2 year 5 year 10 year 20 year 50 year 100 year Area inundated 363.4 403.9 422.9 437.7 454.8 465.6 % area inundated 36.9 41 42.9 44.5 46.2 47.3

Community Based Survey

Community based survey

Mud houses

Brick mortar houses

RCC frame houses

Damage Function Analysis

Depth vs. Damage: Flood duration (B.M)

Depth vs. Damage: Building Age (B.M)

Flood Hazard Map

Average plinth level

Type RCC BM Adobe Height (m) 0.67 0.42 0.67

Damage functions
Type RCC BM Adobe Equation D=1.4687 * Ln(x) + 1.8713 D=4.1053 * Ln(x) + 5.27 D=15.161 * Ln(x) + 17.502

Flood Loss Estimation

Damage values
Replacement Value Nepalese Rupees (NRs) 0 5,000 5,000 15,000 15,000 25,000 25,000 50,000 50,000 100,000 >100,000 Number of houses 739 1083 827 1222 1040 474

Estimated loss corresponding to Q50 = NRs 225 million

Damaged houses
Type Nepalese Rupees/sq ft 1100.00 700.00 200.00 Nepalese Rupees/sq m 11830.00 7530.00 2150.00 Type RCC BM Adobe Minimum 0 0 0 Maximum 3.84 11.04 39.33 Mean 3.28 8.44 29.13 Count 339 3532 1514

Construction rates

RCC BM Adobe

Flood Forecasting and Early Warning

Conclusions for Nepal

Rainfall-runoff model in combination with the flood hazard maps provides a good basis for real-time flood forecasting Flood damage functions were generated for buildings and a flood loss map was produced for Gaur Municipality. Downscaling of TRMM data could be useful in flood forecasting, especially for ungauged river basins

Thank you for your kind attention